Naval Forces Research Articles

ДОСВІД ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ БІОТЕХНІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ У ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛАХ УКРАЇНИ

This paper considers the experience in creating biotechnical systems and prospects for their use for the needs of the Naval Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. A wide range of tasks that face this Service of the Armed Forces of Ukraine make it necessary to introduce new scientific approaches to their solution. One of the directions for solving these problems in offshore areas is the creation of new promising marine BTS, which involve specially trained marine animals. One of the directions for solving these problems in sea areas is the creation of new promising marine biotechnical systems, which will include specially trained marine animals. Marine animals can be guaranteed to search for, lift underwater objects, provide assistance to divers during underwater operations, carry out exploration and mining of ships and hydraulic facilities, and other tasks. Most of the marine animals known to mankind cannot be trained and they will not be able to fully work as part of biotechnical systems. That is why, in our opinion, the scale of future scientific research on this topic is very impressive. Marine mammals show a friendly attitude towards people, they are well tamed, they quickly get used to conditions of detention in captivity, to a long diet and a change in diet. They show high abilities for learning, for the formation of stable conditioned reflexes and complex forms of conditioned behavior. Thus, we have come to the logical conclusion that, in addition to dolphins, other marine biological objects can be promising species of marine animals that can be involved in work as part of biotechnical systems. The article gave specific recommendations regarding the ways of creating and developing domestic Naval biotechnical systems for the needs of the Naval Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the activation of existing and known components. Keywords: marine animals, marine bioobject, biotechnical systems, technical systems, Naval Forces, Armed Forces of Ukraine

ПРАВОВИЙ СТАТУС ІНОЗЕМНИХ ВІЙСЬКОВИХ КОРАБЛІВ ЯК ЕКОЛОГІЧНО НЕБЕЗПЕЧНИХ ОБ’ЄКТІВ

The article describes the practical experience of the NATO Navy’s environmental activities in the protection of marine ecosystems. The article uses publications on the protection of marine ecosystems, the ecological status of the Black and Azov Seas and environmental control. The physical and geographical characteristics of the Black Sea and the ecological conditions of the Azov-Black Sea are described. Data from the ecological monitoring of the Azov-Black Sea region indicate a severe ecological crisis in the region, which is characterized by excessive development of unicellular algae, death of fish and dolphins. The intensification of the ecological crisis coincided with the beginning of the militarization of the Azov-Black Sea region. The presence of foreign warships will further intensify the environmental crisis in the Black Sea. There is a need for legislative regulation of the naval activities of NATO countries in the territorial and internal waters of Ukraine. Today, the current legislation of Ukraine requires to determine the normative nature of navigation and stay of foreign warships in the territorial and internal waters of Ukraine, to determine recommended courses or sea corridors for foreign warships, to establish areas where military presence and military exercises are prohibited. The environmental legislation of Ukraine should provide rules for environmental safety in the operation of foreign warships, rules for storage and disposal of waste, rules for the destruction of ammunition that has not been used, defines the procedure for compensation for environmental damage from naval activities. So far, these issues have not been regulated by law. The method of calculating damage from foreign warships has not been created or put into effect. In the long run, it is necessary to conduct ecological studies of the North-Western part of the Black Sea to determine the areas closed to naval activities. Keywords: warship, Black Sea, marine ecosystem, maritime law, naval forces, high seas.

МЕТОДИКА ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВИХІДНИХ ДАНИХ ДЛЯ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПРОТИКОРАБЕЛЬНОЇ ОБОРОНИ МОРСЬКОГО УЗБЕРЕЖЖЯ

The article presents a method for determining and substantiating the options of the initial data system for assessing the effectiveness against the ship’s defense of the sea coast, taking into account the differences of opinion of experts. Keywords: anti-ship defense, grouping of ships, naval forces.

ВІЙСЬКОВО-МОРСЬКІ СИЛИ ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ ТА НАТО ЯК ОСНОВА БЕЗПЕКИ ТА СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ У ЧОРНОМОРСЬКОМУ РЕГІОНІ В АСПЕКТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВО-ТЕХНІЧНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ДЕРЖАВИ

The article considers the issue of Cooperation of Ukraine with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Beginning in 2014, Ukraine is actually improving control with the use of international assistance in the security industry and the relevant reporting on operational and tactical levels. General activities of Ukraine and the Alliance in the direction of security and defence, objectives: transformation and strengthening of the national security and defence sector, in relation to the performance of inherent tasks, according to the interests of the country. To ensure regional, large-scale and stable security; to facilitate and improve the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine; to involve Ukraine in the performance of tasks in accordance with the requirements of the state defence and participation in international operations; to achieve effective compatibility of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the context of other component parts of defence and security to ensure the performance of tasks in international operations and exercises. After the annexation of the Crimea by the Russian Federation, the Armed Forces of Ukraine received significant assistance in 2014. The priority of joint activities with NATO is primarily to guarantee the alliance of the principle of collective defence, to preserve and strengthen peace and to ensure the prospect of future security. The Alliance's ability to perform strategic tasks depends on a high degree of coordination and planning of compatible actions at the political level of the defence sector. Analysis of the participation of the Naval Forces of Ukraine and the Alliance during joint international exercises and operations, the events of the war in 2014, the military aggression of the Russian Federation, the construction of relations between Ukraine and the United States during the armed conflict, adaptation of NATO standards and principles – a number of issues for the need for rapid solution in turbo mode. Based on the analysis, the authors conclude that it is legitimate and expedient to use and gain experience in the context of the concept of development of the Navy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Involvement and participation in multinational military exercises is a set of measures in the context of international military cooperation, which is allowed in conditions as close as possible to combat and real. Comprehensive improvement of the level of combat training of units of the Navy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during the increase of the level of professionalism, combat readiness and combat ability. The necessity of introduction and application of compatible measures for performance of peacekeeping, humanitarian, search and rescue and other special tasks is the priority of the concept of modern Ukraine. Constant improvement of the combat readiness level in modern conditions is achieved during the international exercises for the necessity and possibility to strengthen the professional experience of partnership, which always fundamentally affects the quality of combat tasks ahead of the number of participants involved in joint activities. Keywords: NATO, Alliance, Ukrainian Navy, Armed Forces of Ukraine, standards, training, security, Charter.

ПРИНЦИПИ ГІДРОБІОНІКИ ПРИ ПРОЕКТУВАННІ ТЕХНІЧНИХ ЗАСОБІВ ДЛЯ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ У ВІЙСЬКОВО-МОРСЬКИХ СИЛАХ ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛ УКРАЇНИ

The task of modern scientific and technological progress is to study the structure, morphological features and functions of living organisms, the principles of operation of their engines for using the information obtained when creating new mechanisms. Possibilities of the hydrodynamic theory of swimming of high-speed fish, cetaceans and squids, as well as the created theory of the boundary layer and viscous resistance of aquatic organisms and their application in the design of technical means are considered. The purpose of the research: the analysis of the experience of practical application of the principles of hydrobionics in the design of technical means with subsequent use in the Naval Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is relevant and forms the basis of our research. The research method is systemic and structural, as well as didactic methods of analysis and generalization of information. The main directions of hydrobionic research with the aim of their application in technology are given: creation of technical models based on the analysis of the theoretical foundations of swimming of hydrobionts and the application of the results of experimental research in theoretical hydromechanics; studies of hydroacoustic abilities of aquatic organisms, manifested in the communication of animals with each other and in the use of sonar when orienting among underwater objects; the principles of the device, structure and functions of the organs of locomotion in order to improve the propulsive qualities and maneuverability of technical means of movement in water. Natural adaptations of aquatic organisms, such as a laminarized body shape, skin integuments, sound-and-cholocation organs, are unique natural abilities of marine mammals that require application in the interests of the Ukrainian Navy. Keywords: bionics, hydrobionics, hydrobionts, adaptation, hydrodynamics, laminarization, modularity, flapping engine, jet propellers, elastic damping coatings, jet stream, turbulent pulsation, elastic damping properties, bioacoustic system of cetaceans, turbulation.

THE INFLUENCE OF COMPETENCY FACTORS, CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND MOTIVATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF NCO PERSONNEL PROSPECTIVE FOR THE INDONESIAN NAVY'S DIKTUKPA STUDENTS

Improved personnel performance will bring progress for the institution to be able to carry out its duties. Therefore, efforts to improve personnel performance are the most serious challenges for leaders because the success in achieving goals depends on the quality of the performance of human resources in it. The purpose of this study was to analyze the variables that have an effect on improving the performance of the Indonesian Navy's Diktukpa students Candidates including competence, career development and soldier motivation. The method used is a quantitative method with Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis and AMOS software. The results showed that the competency variable had an adequate influence on performance although it was not significant. The soldier career development variable has a significant effect on the performance variable of the NCO soldier candidates for the Indonesian Navy's Diktukpa students. The soldier competency variable has a very significant influence on the motivation of the NCO soldier candidates for the Indonesian Navy's Diktukpa students. The soldier career development variable has a significant influence on the motivation of the NCO soldier candidates for the Indonesian Navy's Diktukpa students. The soldier's motivation variable has a sufficient influence on the performance of the NCO soldier candidates the Indonesian Navy's Diktukpa students even though it is categorized as less significant. The analysis of the results can be used as a basis for input in the formulation of strategies and policies as well as efforts to improve the performance of Naval Air Force candidates for the Indonesian Navy's Diktukpa students, given the very important function of the presence of NCO members who are the liaison between officers and enlisted. By increasing the performance of Naval Forces candidates for the Indonesian Navy's Diktukpa students, it will automatically improve the performance of the Indonesian Navy organization. 
 Keywords: Competence, Career Development, Motivation, Employee Performance, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).

Aboard a Rudderless Ship: Replacing stern rudders mid-voyage in the English and French navies, 1750–1850

The stern rudder presents a formidable challenge to the power of the sea. Already extant by the twelfth century in the Frisian region, it has long been compared with the quarter rudder of antiquity. Past scholarly studies have focused almost entirely on the reasons for its creation, ignoring the complex evolution of this steering system. The disastrous consequences of the rudder’s loss mid-voyage made its replacement necessary, although this was a last resort. Through a close analysis of the printed sources, the article considers the attempts of the English and French navies to incorporate emergency and spare devices on board. The present review reveals the importance of the stern rudder to seafarers and the means undertaken by these two naval forces in order to find substitutions in the event of damage to the initial rudder.

Development of technology and study of quality of dry milk preserved products for specialized purposes

Dairy-based products are of great social significance, both in general and functional nutrition of the population, especially in the risk group. Preserved milk products are included into the set of products of the State Reserve, which is also important for the economic security of the country. During storage, the nutritional value of products decreases, which leads to a loss of quality, shortens the shelf life. Keeping the original native properties in the product and extending the shelf life are an important social task. In this regard, development of methodology and creation of high-quality preserved milk products are an urgent task facing specialists in the dairy industry. The study used standardized and general research methods for preserved milk products in terms of quality, safety, and nutritional value. The paper presents a study on the development of technology for dry high-fat dairy product: dry high-fat cream in gelatin capsules for specialized nutrition of people in autonomous conditions of existence (army, naval forces, space, remote areas of the country), made by freeze dehydration. Preserved food has a long shelf life due to stabilization of antioxidants, increased nutritional and biological value. Based on the study, there was developed a manufacturing technology for dry high-fat cream, the recipe of gelatin capsules for its single-use packaging, there was solved the problem of unstable milk production during the year, and provision of people with dairy products in autonomous conditions of existence.

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE TRAINING MANAGERS OF MILITARY MEDICINE

The article analyzes the experience of organizing military medicine and training in some NATO countries (USA, France, Germany and the Czech Republic). A scientific and theoretical study of the formation and implementation of NATO standards in the training of managers for departmental medicine, identified optimal ways to implement them in the training system in the Armed Forces. It has been emphasized that in recent decades the leading countries of Europe and the world have been conducting a thorough discussion on how to provide people with the appropriate knowledge and skills to ensure harmonious interaction with a rapidly evolving global society. There is an increase in the process of re-equipping the medical service with medical equipment, increasing the role of medical support of military and humanitarian operations in various regions of near and far abroad, which in turn affects the level of requirements for medical personnel, the quality of their training. It is established that the problem of training managers of departmental medicine is currently at the stage of large-scale transformations caused by the violation of the existing system of strategic stability in the world, changing military threats to Ukraine, new means and methods of armed struggle. The ultimate goal of such transformations is the formation of well-trained and equipped armies and naval forces capable of reliably protecting the national interests of the country. Priorities in the field of training for the needs of the medical service in the military personnel policy system of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are analyzed, which in turn will provide an opportunity to create a high-tech educational environment and update the requirements for training military medical professionals. The article emphasizes that the issue of training military medical specialists for each state’s own armed forces becomes especially relevant during its reform. Similar structural changes are taking place in the medical service. The accumulated world experience in the organization of medical care of any armed conflict shows that the end result of treatment of the wounded depends primarily on training, time of timely and comprehensive medical care, research results and requires the fastest implementation of the results.

First Black Military Pilot of the World: Ottoman Lieutenant Ahmet Ali Bey 1883 – 1969

A forgotten prominent figure, Ahmet Ali Çelikten was the first black military pilot in world history. Of Nigerian origin, Ahmet Ali grew up in the Ottoman society and had the opportunity like any Ottoman Turkish citizen to study in the Ottoman naval force in 1903. He fought in the Italian-Turkish war with his South African coreligionists in Libya in 1911 and later against the allies in WW1 as the first black military pilot in the World. The Ottoman Empire was the last Islamic and multi-cultural empire in world history. Skin colour did not affect individuals' social standing or opportunities in the Ottoman society. The Ottoman Empire managed to rule several nations, even those with religious minorities and provide them equal rights. This article aims to highlight the events and experiences in the life of Pilot Ahmet Ali in the Ottoman territory. To achive this, Ottoman archival sources and otantique Turkish journals were used during the research. In addition, comparative method was used throughout the study by looking at the social life in the Ottoman Empire and in the Western world in the light of archival documents. In conclusion, this understanding and living conditions enabled Ahmet Ali to be the first black pilot in the world history. At a difficult time in the history of the Ottoman Empire, during the genesis of modern Turkey, Ahmet Ali Bey had sincerely contributed to establishment of a Turkish air force in the Republic of Turkey.

The Battle of Negro Fort: The Rise and Fall of a Fugitive Slave Community by Matthew J. Clavin

Reviewed by: The Battle of Negro Fort: The Rise and Fall of a Fugitive Slave Community by Matthew J. Clavin Adam Pratt (bio) Keywords Slavery, Fugitive slaves, Florida, Negro Fort, Marronage The Battle of Negro Fort: The Rise and Fall of a Fugitive Slave Community. By Matthew J. Clavin. (New York: New York University Press, 2019. Pp. 253. Cloth, $24.95.) An increasing number of scholars have begun treating the American South as the locus of U.S. imperial tendencies. Their studies have shown how the War of 1812 and the resulting efforts of U.S. troops to clear space for white settlers and their Black slaves constituted the growing imperial state with a racial outlook. Nowhere was this form of empire-making more evident than Negro Fort, a former British post on Prospect Bluff on the banks of the Apalachicola River. Claudio Saunt put the fort on the map of modern historiography in A New Order of Things, when he situated Negro Fort as a last-ditch effort by Seminoles, Redsticks, and Blacks to oppose the racial, political, and economic order that the United States sought to impose across the Deep South.1 Since Saunt's study, historians have begun to include events that transpired at Negro Fort in narratives of the period and studies of Black inhabitants of East and West Florida.2 In his new book, Matthew Clavin draws together insights from these fields of study to offer a closer look at Negro Fort that poses new, important questions about the coalition of people who gathered there to oppose the expansion of the United States along the Gulf Coast. Clavin deftly traces the rise and fall of Negro Fort in six readable chapters that highlight the important players and the implications for the fort's construction and destruction. Its early purpose was to recruit Creek warriors to the British cause and to act as a hub for runaway slaves, thus destabilizing the growing might of the American slavocracy. Those two tasks first congealed very early in the post's history with Edward Nicolls, a marine officer who "devoted most of his life to fighting slavery" (25). He armed local Creeks and trained a band of runaway slaves, and then enlisted them into the Colonial Marines. However, after the British disaster at New Orleans and the ratification of the Treaty of Ghent, Nicolls was forced to [End Page 149] abandon his recruits, but not before supplying them with enough firepower to pose a serious threat to U.S. interests. Over the next several years, U.S. officials grew more alarmed at the threat posed by the fort's inhabitants. Clavin calls the U.S. military expedition to destroy the fort, launched in the summer of 1816, "the first ever large-scale American slave-hunting expedition" (116). To begin the process, U.S. troops built a small fort south of the Georgia border, inside Spanish territory. With the aid of Creek warriors, U.S. land and naval forces began operations against the fort's inhabitants on July 15. The ensuing battle came to an end on the 27th when a U.S. gunboat lobbed a shell that entered the fort's powder magazine and leveled the fort, killing at least 200 inhabitants, while nearly two dozen survivors were re-enslaved. Instead of ending the narrative here, Clavin continues his telling of U.S. efforts to eradicate marronage and Native power with Andrew Jackson's invasion of Spanish Florida in 1818. In doing so, Clavin expands readers' view of this "slave-hunting expedition" by introducing them to Fernando, a man who had escaped slavery to become a Colonial Marine. He had continued his revolutionary activities after the fort's destruction only to be captured by U.S. forces at Suwannee. Jackson "resisted his initial urge to execute the black rebel and instead ordered him to be taken … to Nashville," thus continuing his trend of kidnapping his spoils of war (154). Fernando spent the rest of his life enslaved at the Hermitage. Here, Clavin uses Fernando's life to situate the fate of Negro Fort in the revolutionary ferment of the Atlantic world. He draws on Jane Landers's work to...

Maritime strategy of Pakistan: Development and future prospects

The Indian Ocean accounts half of the world's container shipments, two-thirds of oil product shipments and a third of bulk cargo. Pakistan as a significant regional power laying claims to a higher role in regional trade. But it demands effective naval forces capable of resisting both traditional (possible blockade of Pakistan's seaports if an armed conflict with India takes place) and non-traditional threats (piracy in the Strait of Hormuz). The article examines the evolution of Pakistan's naval strategy from the moment of gaining independence to the present day. The article provides a brief historical overview of the development of the country's naval strategy, analyzes the place of the Pakistani Navy in the armed forces, their role in the implementation of the China-Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC), considers Pakistan's initiatives in the field of regional maritime security, as well as the processes of modernizing the fleet. The author believes that the role of the Navy in Pakistan's grand strategy will only increase due to both economic and regional security factors. The author claims that the role of the maritime strategy and the Pakistani Navy in the country's foreign policy will increase, which is explained by the need to ensure maritime security to implement the key economic project of the CPEC, as well to build a regional security system in the Indian Ocean resistant to all types of threats. The author invokes historical methods to analyze the evolution of Pakistani maritime strategy and hermeneutics to consider the current development of the strategy and its prospects.

무릉등처안무사 김인우의 활동에 대하여

Kim In-Woo had lived in Samcheok(三陟), though it was not known when he was born and passed away. He had visited WoosanMooreung and such(于山武陵等妻) even three times as Anmusa(安撫使) in the Early Joseon period. Kim In-Woo was a soldier who contributed to defeating Japanese invaders under the command of Nam Eun(南誾)in the Late Goryeo. He also had careers of Aninpo Manho(安仁浦萬戶), Panjanggihyunsa(判長鬐縣事). Kim In-woo was appointed as Anmusa considering that he had experience to defeat Japanese invaders and to operate naval forces. Furthermore, he lived in Samcheok near Woosan Mooreung. Kim In-woo was sent to WoosanMooreung and such three times - 1416(the 16th year of Taejong), 1417(the 17th year of Taejong), 1425(the 7th year of Sejong). The purpose of the dispatches is different each other. The purpose of the first dispatch in 1416 is to cultivate a boss of Mooreungdo and bring him to the mainland. The necessity of pacifying Mooreung and such was actively suggested by Kim In-Woo. The first person in charge of pacifying Mooreung and such was Kim In-Woo. The first dispatch to Mooreung and such by Kim In-Woo as Anmusa was the first example to show concrete pacifying of Mooreungdo in Joseon. The purpose of the second and third dispatch in 1417 and 1425 was to bring residents to the mainland(居民刷出). In the first dispatch, Kim In-Woo brought three residents and surveyed number of houses and population of Mooreungdo. This was a background of ‘bringing residents to mainland(居民刷出)’ in Mooreungdo. Joseon government sent Kim In-woo as Anmusa to WoosanMooreung and such again(the second dispatch). He brought people to the mainland. But 28 women and men ran away to Mooreungdo. So 8 years later, Kim In-woo was sent as Anmusa in 1425 (the third dispatch) and they were brought to the mainland again. Kim In-woo was in charge of pacifying the island, carrying out policy of ‘bringing residents to mainland(居民 刷出)’ two times. The third dispatch aimed to ‘bringing residents to mainland (居民刷出)’ . However, it is thought that Kim In-woo played a role to arrest people who ran away to WoosanMooreungdo in Sejong period and stayed there to avoid various duties - they brought to the mainland in Taejong. Accordingly, his mission(復 命) record for the third dispatch, his last activity as Anmusa shows the term ‘seek and arrest(搜捕)’. Activity of Kim In-woo as Anmusa can be summarized thus - ‘pacifying(按撫) → bringing residents to mainlan(居民刷出) → seek and arrest(搜捕)’. This would be related to the policy to patrol periodically(搜討) for WoosanMooreung and such in Joseon after ‘An Yong-bok(安龍福) activity’ in Late Joseon.

Training of a Sailor in Romania and Bulgaria as a Modern Experience of Improving the Educational Process in Ukraine

The complex of multi-vector transformations in Ukraine: strengthening defence capabilities, creating conditions for resisting hybrid (military) aggression on the part of the Russian Federation, the country's course of accession to the EU and NATO, which is consolidated in the Constitution, raised the issue of modernisation of education, training and education level of navy sailors for the Naval Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to analyse the military education system of Romania and Bulgaria, in particular the educational standards and curricula for highly qualified naval specialists, in order to implement world practices and experience in the educational activities of higher education institutions in Ukraine. The analysis of scientific literature, components of educational and professional programmes, systematisation and generalisation of information, monitoring of the current system of training of military specialists in the armed forces of Romania and Bulgaria is provided. The analysis of the experience of the content and educational and organisational component of training a naval specialist with higher education is given on the example of specialised higher educational institutions of the Naval Academy “Mircha cel Betryn” and the H.Y. Vаptsаrоv Naval Academy. Using the results of comparing the components of the educational (professional) training programme of a navy sailor, specialist, graduate of higher military educational institutions of Romania and Bulgaria, the study proposed ways to improve the system of higher military education, as well as the introduction of new elements (disciplines) of curricula adapted to NATO standards. The study provides recommendations for further reform of the system of higher military education, including naval education at the Institute of the Naval Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, based on studying the experience of transforming military education systems in leading countries in accordance with modern models of training military specialists adopted in NATO member states

Carriers and Amphibs: Shibboleths of Sea Power

This article argues that American naval force packages built around aircraft carriers and amphibious assault ships no longer serve maritime security interests as effectively as in the past. It further claims that the current commitment in the published maritime strategy of the United States to the twin shibboleths of “carriers and amphibs” comes from a variety of attitudes held by senior decision makers and military leaders. This commitment betrays both cultural misunderstanding or even ignorance of seapower—“sea blindness”—as well as less than rational attachments to two operational capabilities that served the United States well in the past, but in doing so engendered emotional commitments that are little grounded in the facts.

The Military Standing of the Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean Region in the Period Between 2008–2020

<p>La posición militar internacional de un Estado puede describirse principalmente en categorías cuantitativas. En el caso de la región de América Latina y el Caribe, hay también otros determinantes que influyen en la evaluación de la posición militar de los países. Los más importantes parecen ser: las amenazas externas e internas a la seguridad nacional, incluidas las amenazas no militares de carácter transfronterizo, la posición militar internacional de los Estados Unidos de América, el contexto histórico y cultural, el papel de los militares en la política interna, la modernización del ejército, las nuevas tareas de las fuerzas armadas y las condiciones geográficas. En este artículo se analizará la posición de las fuerzas terrestres, aéreas, navales, así como de las formaciones paramilitares de los países de la región en el período 2008–2020.</p>

Комплексный алгоритм обнаружения, идентификации соединения надводных кораблей и целераспределения группы управляемых средств поражения с сетецентрическим управлением

The purpose of the study was to examine and solve the problem of detecting and identifying the objects of naval surface forces by a group of controlled weapons within the group using coordinates and the type of such objects. The main target of naval surface forces was determined according to the parameters of the frequency of detection of the objects by the group of controlled weapons and the reliability of identification of the objects of naval surface forces. A matrix for detecting the objects of naval surface forces by the group of controlled weapons has been formed and analyzed. The introduction of restrictions on the tactics of actions of the group of controlled weapons and on the coefficient of convolution of criteria in the task of target allocation makes it possible to ensure almost complete absence of intersections of trajectories of controlled weapons. On the basis of statistical modeling of the configuration of the systems and the corresponding probabilities of detection and identification, the effectiveness of the developed algorithm is shown. An example of a multi-stage calculation of one variant from a statistical series of experiments is given, followed by a preliminary assessment of target allocation by the group of controlled weapons in accordance with the current configurations of the group of weapons and naval surface forces. The multivariate analysis of the efficiency of the algorithm operation on various configurations of the systems showed a high degree of identification of the objects of naval surface forces in comparison with the existing algorithms. A range of values for the probabilities of identifying the types of the objects of naval surface forces by the group of controlled weapons has been identified, which provides an almost unambiguous determination of the main target of naval surface forces

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Previous article FreeBack CoverFull TextPDF Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailQR Code SectionsMoreBlockades Induce Market Power“As the Napoleonic Wars ground on, the importance of the East India Company’s trade in China climbed sharply. Though Britain had in the 1780s reduced its tax on tea imports to 12.5 percent to combat smuggling from continental Europe, the country’s pressing need for funds to finance its naval war against France forced the government to begin squeezing the East India Company harder once again—and it was able to do so, in part, because the vast presence of British land and naval forces during the war made smuggling into England virtually impossible.”[Stephen R. Platt, Imperial Twilight: The Opium War and the End of China’s Last Golden Age (New York: Knopf, 2018)]Suggested by Scott Duke Kominers Previous article DetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Political Economy Volume 128, Number 12December 2020 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/712596 Views: 317 © 2020 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Spatial Ability Stress Test for Screening and Selection: The Development of SCOUT-R

Spatial abilities are often predictive of occupational success. Specifically, they are thought to play a role in aviator success and thus, are evaluated in Naval and Air Force aviation selection. However, the selection process only includes a single assessment of spatial ability which recent findings have called into question its validity. The creation of a speeded spatial ability stress test with face validity for the Navy and Marine Corps aviation community was investigated. We developed SCOUT-R, a multitask environment where participants quickly discriminated target objects from distractors, all of which could appear in any 90° orientation. The results showed the speeded presentation affected subjective workload and task strategy; however, target discrimination improved as the speed of presentation increased. The implications for SCOUT-R as a spatial ability selection test are considered.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ПРОПАГАНДИСТСЬКОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ В ЗБРОЙНИХ СИЛАХ СРСР І РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ФЕДЕРАЦІЇ В ЛОКАЛЬНИХ ВІЙНАХ ДРУГОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ XX СТОЛІТТЯ

The article deals with the organization of informational and propaganda support in the armies of the countries of the former Warsaw Pact in local wars and armed conflicts at the end of the 20th century on the example of the armed forces of the former USSR and the Russian Federation. It has been determined the characteristic features of information activity of the so-called “Eastern” model. The study of the peculiarities of organizing informational activity in the armies of these states will allow us to take into account the experience gained to improve the informational and propaganda support of the Ukrainian Naval Forces in accordance with NATO standards, which today is one of the priority tasks for the period till 2020.