Model Of Socio-economic Development Research Articles

Macro-Econometric Model for Medium-Term Socio-Economic Development Planning in Vietnam. Part 2: Application of the Model

Macro-Econometric Model for Medium-Term Socio-Economic Development Planning in Vietnam. Part 2: Application of the Model

CORPORATE SOCIAL ACTIVITIES IN GERMANY: THE EXPERIENCE OF COMPANIES

The purpose of the article is to study the European experience of the formation and regulation of socially responsible behaviour of economic entities; distinguishing the dominant drivers of corporate social responsibility in Germany and strategic priorities for its implementation. Its contents are interpreted in the expanded and narrow sense. Expanded approach insists that CSR is a set of interrelated types of responsibility (legal, economic, professional, moral, political, etc.) that reflect the system of values of society. Narrow interpretation foresees the definition of the degree (measure) of adoption by the subject of socially significant goals of society, the fulfilment of mutual rights and responsibilities, observance of social norms. The research subject – the peculiarities of the functioning of the European model of socially responsible entrepreneurship, the practice of its implementation in Germany. The methodology of the research is based on the definition of general principles of constructing the system of corporate social responsibility, disclosure the essence of the categorical apparatus, considering its main theoretical concepts. In the process of research, a set of methods of scientific cognition were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization (for the disclosure of the conceptual-categorical apparatus of the subject of the research); statistical method, grouping, empirical approach (while analysing the practice of distributing social responsibility among the subjects of social partnership in the EU for ensuring social protection of the population, and differences between the EU countries on the level of such responsibility of the subjects of the social process, depending on the model of socio-economic development). Conclusion. Under the influence of the challenges of globalization and the 4th Industrial Revolution, aggravation of competition, the conditions of the economy are changing. The need for business models on the basis of the strategy of sustainable development, socially responsible behaviour of business structures on the basis of systemic and long-term is growing. This situation actualizes the problem of creating mechanisms for maintaining social compromise in society. System of ensuring responsibility of the subjects of society for the formation of normal living conditions of society is one of the institutional mechanisms of social control and creating conditions for balancing personal, collective and social interests. Institutional support for the functioning of the mechanism for supporting social compromise regarding the formation of normal living conditions is based on the levers of state regulation (subsidies, preferential taxation, economic incentives, and compliance with the standards of activity); institute of entrepreneurship (international and national standards for doing business); institute of the public (the system of social reporting of enterprises, work with territorial communities). Compliance with product quality standards, with obligations to stakeholders, social reporting and progress reporting (including its environmental parameters), transparent business promotes the implementation of socio-stabilizing functions of entrepreneurial activity both on national and on a world scale. Experience of European (in particular, German) companies proves the need to adherence to the principles of social responsibility in entrepreneurship and the possibility of their use as a competitive advantage.

ПРОБЛЕМИ СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВА УКРАЇНИ З МІЖНАРОДНИМИ ФІНАНСОВИМИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯМИ

Розглянуто існуючі аспекти співробітництва України з міжнародними фінансовими організаціями. Сучасний світ поряд з внутрішніми джерелами фінансування характеризується широким використанням зовнішніх боргових запозичень. Визначено проблеми, які стоять на шляху оптимізації взаємовідносин України та міжнародних фінансових організацій. До них належать, зокрема, такі проблеми: платоспроможності України та зростання зовнішньої заборгованості; неадекватності вимог міжнародних фінансових організацій реаліям економіки України; постійного впливу на діяльність поточного уряду держави; вимог з боку міжнародних фінансових організацій, які перебувають на межі національної безпеки України, а в деяких випадках перетинають цю межу; використання політичних факторів прямої підтримки перебування на посаді різного роду “реформаторів”; оптимізації взаємовідносин України з міжнародними фінансовими організаціями.Окреслено актуальні напрями оптимізації співробітництва України з міжнародними фінансовими організаціями. Показано необхідність вибудовування стратегії взаємовідносин України з міжнародними фінансовими організаціями з урахуванням поточного стану національної економіки. Можливим напрямом подальших відносин України з міжнародними фінансовими організаціями є перехід від безпосереднього отримання фінансових ресурсів до консультативної та іншої підтримки від цих установ. У сучасних умовах необхідною є переорієнтація співробітництва з міжнародними фінансовими організаціями на досягнення національних інтересів України в самій країні та за її межами. Взаємовідносини України з міжнародними фінансовими організаціями повинні базуватися на оптимізації моделі соціально-економічного розвитку та зміні відповідних акцентів.

Macro-Econometric Model for Medium-Term Socio-Economic Development Planning in Vietnam. Part 1: Structure of the Model

Vietnam builds the market economy from the planned economy, in which development plans, especially the medium-term socio-economic development plans, were determined by the leading economic management tools. Currently, the development plans remain the important tools of economic management. However, the contents and methodologies for development planning have changed considerably. The plans have been built according to the direction of the market and consider macroeconomic forecasts as the most important input for planning. The purpose of this paper is to briefly present the structure of a macro-econometric model for medium-term socio-economic development planning in Vietnam. The model is based on the main ideas of the forecasting procedures and the system of forecast models for strategic planning in the Russian Federation. Furthermore, the model utilizes the experience of macro-econometric models in other countries. This model is based on the approaches of supply and demand, and is organized into blocks that have a close relationship to combine forecasts from the built model and using judgmental methods in a favourable way. The model can fully forecast the needs of socio-economic development planning. It is also used to build forecast scenarios and to assess the impact of shocks and economic policies.

Пошук нової моделі соціально-економічного розвитку – пріоритетне завдання суспільних наук

Пошук нової моделі соціально-економічного розвитку – пріоритетне завдання суспільних наук

Italian Community Co-Operatives Responding to Economic Crisis and State Withdrawal a New Model for Socio-Economic Development

After several years of economic crisis, people are increasingly demanding more socially responsible economic activities rather than speculation, and better distribution of social wealth. This structural crisis is encouraging some groups to use their common resources to self-organise local services in order to mitigate public sector withdrawal and market failures. In Italy, community co-operatives are emerging as bottom-up initiatives for local commons preservation and use, regeneration of community assets, management of quasi-public services, and production of goods for community development projects. Community co-operatives are thus concretising many of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), promoting, for instance, clean energy production and use, opportunities for decent jobs, more equitable forms of economic development, innovative ways to regenerate infrastructures and local assets, and the provision of services for communities in marginal areas or critical situations. This paper presents findings from an ongoing qualitative research project aiming to better understand the territorial and economic development impacts of Italian community co-operatives. It does so by illustrating their main features via data gathered during multiple site visits and interviews of cooperative members conducted throughout 2018. The paper considers three case studies in different sectors and regions of Italy, with an eye toward their efficacy for implementing the SDGs.

Government guidance on the promotion environmental enterprise security

Environmental security of the enterprise characterizes the state of protection of the enterprise and the environment, which allows you to maintain resistance to internal and external threats, providing the ability to solve problems of balanced development of the enterprise and improve the environment, contributes to the implementation of national concepts of socio-ecological and economic development and mechanisms to ensure it. The main tasks of the state to provide environmental security must be: substantiation of choice and decision-making in relation to the limited resources of nature and the environment as a specific public good; evaluation and comparison of costs and benefits in the environmental sphere, the rationale for the criteria and indicators of efficiency of nature protection actions; the analysis of market power for the environmental sector; consideration of external environmental effects (externalities); the development of methods for the estimation of an economic damage from pollution of natural environment; development of models of socioeconomic development that meet the requirements of environmental security.

CUSTOMER ANALYSIS OF ENTERPRISES INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF FINANCIAL REGULATION PRIORITIES FORMING

Introduction. The article is devoted to modern problems of analysis of innovative processes in Ukraine in the context of restraining factors and existing problems in the domestic economy. The purpose of the article is to structure innovation in order to determine the priorities of financial regulation and its strategic orientations. Methods. To obtain the results in the study a number of general scientific and special methods were used: structural analysis, statistical methods, system analysis, scientific abstraction method. Results. The interpretation of the financial regulation of innovation activity as an agreed comprehensive legislative regulation of the use of budget and tax instruments is grounded in order to influence state institutions on the national innovation system functioning, innovation potential and innovative security in the country, aimed at strengthening competitiveness and establishing an innovative model of socio-economic development. The analysis of structural features of innovative activity of domestic business entities is carried out. The role of technological innovations (process and product) in the Ukrainian economy is revealed. The specifics of the introduction of non-technological innovations in the context of marketing and organizational are detected. The tendentious low role of product innovations in the overall structure of innovation activity of Ukrainian enterprises is identified, which poses a threat to the country's innovative security. It is argued that the priority of financial regulation should be the integration within the triangle of science-innovation-production. The emphasis is on the role of elements of innovation infrastructure (scientific parks, technological parks, innovation clusters) in increasing the efficiency of financial regulation of innovation activity. Conclusions. The prospects of further scientific research on the subject of research are primarily based on substantiating concrete decisions to increase the role of educational and scientific components in stimulating research and development as a pledge of innovative successes of enterprises in Ukraine.

Modeling and Forecasting of Socio-Economic Development of the Region

The article is devoted to the modeling and forecasting of socio-economic development of the region. The dependence of GRP per capita of the Belgorod region on the average annual number of employed in the economy, the consolidated budget revenues, the volume of innovative works and services, the consumer price index, the industrial production index, the balanced financial result, exports was established. The analysis of the matrix of pair correlation coefficients of the selected indicators allowed to choose as the most significant explanatory variables the consolidated budget revenues and the average annual number of employees in the economy. The models of socio-economic development of the region were built. The quality of the models was evaluated. It was revealed that the most accurate is the power regression model. The forecast of further changes in GRP per capita was built on the basis of the retrospective analysis data. The method of extrapolation based on the construction of trend models for each explanatory variable was used to carry out the forecast.

Integration of Ukraine to the world financial space in the context of cooperation with the IMF and the world bank

Relevance of the research topic. After the national sovereignty proclamation, the Ukraine`s important task was to create a new model of socio-economic development of the country based on openness of the economy and integration into the world financial space. The process of integration is extremely complex and multifaceted, which involves the formation and implementation of an effective state policy in the field of international financial relations, raising the level of efficiency of the state administration system and creating conditions for the development of the real economy. Formulation of the problem. Transformations in the global economic environment, accelerating the processes of financial globalization are currently actualizing issues of countries integration into the world financial space. At the same time, the implications of integration are rather ambiguous, especially from the point of view of their financial component, which requires further scientific research of the theoretical and applied aspects of Ukraine's integration into the world financial space, in particular in the context of cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank. Analysis of recent research and publications. The problem of the globalization processes impact on the domestic economy, the development of international financial and economic relations is quite widespread today in the scientific research of famous foreign and domestic scientists: J. Buchanan, P. Samuelson, J. Stiglitz, T. Bogolib, V. Kolosova, G. Kucher, L. Lisyak, I. Lukyanenko, A. Mazaraki, V. Sidenko, I. Chugunov and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The issues mentioned above are actualized in connection with the acceleration of the financial globalization processes, which determine the solution of a significant range of tasks related to the integration of developed and transformational economies into the world financial space. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to determine the main directions of Ukraine's integration into the world financial space in the context of cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to analyze and evaluate the peculiarities of Ukraine's cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank; to substantiate the influence of globalization processes on the development of the financial and economic environment in Ukraine, to reveal the peculiarities and to determine the main directions of Ukraine's integration into the world financial space. Method or methodology for conducting research. The article uses a set of methods of scientific research: system approach, statistical analysis, structuring, analysis and synthesis, etc. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The analysis and evaluation of the peculiarities of Ukraine's cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank is carried out. The globalization processes influence on the development of the financial and economic environment in Ukraine is substantiated. The peculiarities and the main directions of integration of Ukraine into the world financial space are determined. The field of application of results. The results of this study can be applied in the process of formation and implementation of Ukraine's fiscal policy. Conclusions according to the article. Cooperation with international financial organizations is a powerful tool for attracting external state loans aimed at addressing the strategic objectives of socio-economic development of countries. Investments of international organizations create appropriate conditions for accelerating economic growth. The domestic economy restructuring in combination with the measures proposed by international financial organizations creates the basis for increasing the population welfare. The article substantiates that Ukraine's integration into the world financial space is a complicated and multi-faceted process, and the continuation of cooperation with international financial organizations will allow to receive financing on attractive conditions and to increase international reserves.

Towards A Society with a More Fair Economy or an Economy with a More Social Face: The Contribution of Scientific Social Knowledge to the Alternative Models of Socioeconomic Development -A Book Review

The objective of this work is the book “Towards a Society with a More Fair Economy or an Economy with a More Social Face: The Contribution of Scientific Social Knowledge to the Alternative Models of Socioeconomic Development”, 978-1-63482-948-9, from Nova Science Publishers Series Economic Issues, Problems and Perspectives .

O MODELO GRAVITACIONAL DO TECIDO SOCIAL DO OESTE PAULISTA

The purpose of this paper is to analyze, prepare and substantiate the relation of growth in the Western Region of Sao Paulo called “Oeste Paulista” with the concept of the gravitational model. The context of the region's growth is strongly exemplified in the 1980s and 1990s, the period being used to justify the focus on the gravitational model and to present its relations. Gravitational models are the first step indefining lines of work for the Mechanism design, used to analyze structures. The research group GDECOR has been working in this direction and the goal of this work is to qualitatively understand how the process of income and wealth creation in the regionsof the Western Region of Sao Paulo and their internal commercial relations is presented, exemplifying how the data are amenable to the application of the Model. Subsequently a quantitative study of the main indicators of the region will be done, which should be constructed as a Gravitational Model of the Social Fabric of the West of São Paulo, using Stata software and contributing to the elaboration of a model of socioeconomic development through Mechanism Design.

HISTORIOGRAPHY AND SOURCES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS IN THE KEMEROVO REGION AT THE TURN OF THE XXI CENTURY

The article features the historiography and sources on the issue of physical culture and sport developmentin the Kemerovo region at the turn of the XXI century. Having analyzed a wide range of publications (monographs, articles, dissertation abstracts, academic and journalistic literature), the authors came to the conclusion that certain material has already been summarized on this topic. The study offers a detailed description of the changes in the legislative field that were made to ensure a better functioning of the system of physical culture and sports in the Kemerovo region in 1991–2007. However, the development process of physical culture and sport movement in the region remains poorly investigated. The same can be said about the issues related to the material-technical base of the Kuzbass sports and the system of sport personnel training in the region. In the domestic literature there are no works devoted to the complex process of development of physical culture and sports movement in the Kemerovo region in the period. The analysis of the sources on the selected theme has revealed that the most informative among them were two classes of written sources: legislative and documentary. The available range of sources has allowed the authors to trace the process of development of physical culture and sports region in the conditions of changing socio-economic development model of the country.

Application of normative frameworks for assessing availability of socio-economic policies based on maqasid al shari’a principles in Muslim countries: A proposal

The objective of this paper is to propose a framework that will assess the availability of maqasid al shari’a based socio-economic policies in Muslim countries, and whose nebulous institutions are perturbed by the statistic that 504 million people are living in multi-dimensional poverty, suffering from range of deprivations in forty-three member countries of the Islamic Development Bank (IDB). Lack of or weak access to adequate resources remain the primary issues faced by many nations. In the midst of this though, there is a recurring argument that the level of socio economic development of human well-being must be improved. To understand development challenges of socio-economic framing in the current Muslim world, factors such as education, health, spirituality, lives and property, economy, food security as well as youth employment as based on maqasid al shari’ah framework model merit consideration. Accordingly, this paper seeks to address the gap in the current literature by incorporating education and youth unemployment factors into the socio-economic development model which is based on maqasid al sharia’h framework. The study adapted the principles of Islamic divine law that ensures an inclusive socio-economic development policy devoid of tribal, ethnic or religious sentiments. The study offered recommendations for further research on maqasid al sharia’ah applications on the socio-economic development of both Muslim and Muslim-minority countries.

REGIONAL TOURISM BRAND – NEED OR NECESSITY IN THE ASPECT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF POLISH MOUNTAIN RURAL AREAS

The paper discusses the issue of the regional tourism brand, which is a significant differentiator of the area in the market and gives the opportunity to include tourism in the model of socio-economic development of the region. The analysis of regional branded tourist products includes mountain rural areas of Poland. These areas are an example of a region with unfavourable farming conditions, which makes the competitive position of these areas in a much worse position than other rural areas in the country. Due to the difficulties in the sphere of social and economic life occurring in mountain rural areas, they require other alternative development incentives. Tourism can be one of these, but to make the development through tourism effective, attention must be focused on building a strong regional brand, which is the competitive strength of the area. Mountain rural areas have their own specific potential, which allows them to build regional branded tourist products easily distinctive from lowland rural areas. The aim of the paper is to indicate the importance of the region's tourism brand on the example of mountain rural areas of Poland, including its constituent elements. The paper uses a descriptive and qualitative analysis method that allowed to identify problems of mountain rural areas development and the role of tourism and in particular the tourism brand in the development of such areas. The analysis includes literature in the field of economic sciences, including economies of regions, economies of tourism, and territorial marketing. The paper covers the issues of development of mountain rural areas with an indication of their main socio-economic development problems. Then, against the background of the concept of the region in economic terms, mountain rural areas have been presented as a tourist region where tourism can be an important factor of development. The text also covers selected issues related to the creation of a regional tourism brand, and characterizes the regional tourism brand of mountain rural areas, together with their constituent elements.

Islam and the Spirits of Capitalism: Competing Articulations of the Islamic Economy

Why has the Islamic economy, as a model of socioeconomic development, gained traction as a viable option? The existing literature suggests that the Islamic economy has been popularized by a combination of factors, including anticolonial movements, a global renewal of religiosity, and the activities of new social strata who merge piety with capitalist orientations. These approaches, however, tend to homogenize social actors, subsuming them under the overarching label of Islamism. In contrast, this article employs the lens of “intra-hegemonic struggles” to identify three competing orientations of Islamism and their manifestation in the economy. Drawing on eighteen months of fieldwork in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, it argues that this contestation motivates diverse segments of the society to create and engage in the Islamic economy, rather than any single state-driven or identity-based movement. The article synthesizes three otherwise isolated bodies of work: the political sociology of articulation, new theories of Islamism, and the concept of imaginaries from economic sociology.

Macroeconomic models as an object of economic-geographical study and application

The purpose of this article. The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of economic development models, functioning at different stages of human development. Their main positive and negative sides are singled out. The main material. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the Keynesian and institutional model, the model of social market economy, directive, liberal-monetarist and mixed (heterogeneous) model. Historical periods and examples of countries with the most widely used models are given. The analysis of ownership forms, mechanisms of public administration, social protection systems, financing and crediting, the degree of freedom and independence of economic entities, possibility of entering foreign markets, characteristics for each model are discussed in the article. Conclusions and further research. It is emphasized that a presence of socio-economic development models is one of important factors in efficient economy in modern terms. While developing the model, it is necessary to take into account the features of the region, the country. The outlines of the perspective model of the economic development of Transnistria, developed considering the studied historical experience, are proposed. It is stated in the article that such a model must be mixed, complex, socially-oriented, liberal, compromise, legal, extrovert, ecologically oriented, managed, innovative. It must be worked out with participation of institutional structures, by business representatives and scientific circles. A model must be ratified as a legal instrument by the supreme executive body of power.

Открываем Центральную Азию: перспективы развития туризма по тропам Великого Шёлкового пути

The article considers the prospects of tourism development in five countries of Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan. The author analyzes cultural, social and economic aspects of the tourism industry in the region. The main directions of activity of international organi-zations in the framework of tourism promotion programs are given. Central Asia has a huge potential for the tourism development. The study of the current state of tourism in Central Asia is becoming increasingly important. Tourism resources have every chance to become part of the national wealth of the countries of this region. In the group of factors determining socio-economic development of the countries in the region are natural resources, the level of production and investment, social infrastructure, management quality, international competitiveness, etc. The need for the regional development management system is conditioned by regionalization processes inherent to the current economic situation, oriented to ensuring positive national economic dynamics and maximum using the region’s potential. The studying problem of regional development makes it possible to justify, as one of the directions of its solution, the use of cluster technologies oriented to those branches of the economy that can become a vector of regional development. According to experts, the tourism industry is one of the most profitable sectors of the economy of the region. This industry covers numerous sectors of the economy and various links between them. The main tourist routes in the present time, covering many objects of the Great Silk Road, do not offer a more detailed study of the local historical, architectural and archaeological heritage. The lack of infrastructure facilities is the reason for this. This fact forces us to search solutions, which will provide a comfortable environment for both tourists and researchers. At present, the Central Asian countries occupy a very modest place in the world market of tourist services. According to many experts, the demand for sanatorium, tourist and excursion services has decreased due to the transition period, and the existing network of tourist institutions, boarding houses, rest homes needs reconstruction. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, tourism in the Central Asian republics began to develop independently, without common approaches and concepts. In many respects this is determined by the fact that the new states have chosen their own models of socio-economic development, different from each other. The different level of political freedoms, economic development features determine the current state of the tourism industry in various countries of Central Asia. The perspective of tourism development in this region is quite difficult, but an interesting task, necessary for familiarizing humanity with the most interesting culture of peoples inhabiting Central Asia and developing the economies of countries.

Constructing Functional Models of Economic Phenomena by the Method of Statistical Equations of Dependences

The functional theoretical model of the socio-economic development of regions is constructed by the method of statistical equations of dependences, for substantiating objectives, plans and standards. The nomenclature of factors with impact on the formation of gross regional product is proposed, the share of impact of each factor is determined.
 In the new economic conditions, the concept of planning is determined from the perspective of outlining the ways to achieve its effectiveness. The process of planning needs to consist of formulating overall strategic intentions on determining specific and detailed actions aimed at generating income and spending over a certain period (a year or five years), outlining the ways and means for the achievement of goals. An important component in this process is control over the achievement of the goal by comparing reported and planned data, identifying and evaluating factors with either positive or negative impact on the economic performance. Solutions to the issues of planning and forecasting of phenomena and processes, structural change in the economy or stability of the economic system are a matter of vital importance for scientific communities, practical economists and power officials. This is a reason behind great attention drawn to constructing of economic development models, designed to analyze allocation of production resources and distribution of the national product for social purposes, which constitutes the main function of the state policy
 Basically, economic and statistical modeling can be made by use of the following models:
 
 model of economic systems;
 model of production process;
 model of demand and consumption of goods and services;
 model of prices and income;
 model of financial flows;
 model of national economy;
 model of socio-economic development.
 
 When modeling the socio-economic development at country or regional level, constructing and evaluating social and economic policies at either level, statistical methods need to be used, expert methods and methods of neural-fuzzy modeling in particular.
 Use of the method of statistical equations of dependences allows for supplementing the given nomenclature of forms for economic and statistical modeling by the following types of modeling:
 
 substantiating the objectives, plans or standards of the development of economic phenomena through constructing of functional theoretical models;
 predicting change in the factors when determining the level of socio-economic phenomena in a future period.
 
 Understanding the essence of an economic model is greatly important for generating information about the socio-economic development.

РЕГІОНАЛЬНІ КЛАСТЕРИ ЯК СТРУКТУРНІ ЛАНКИ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

There were summarized main positions of constant development of Ukraine, there were discovered and described the main factors which provide it: environmental, economic and social. There were found basic directions of Renewing the management of regional social and economic sectors related to the integration and union of the efforts of government, socially responsible business and people of the region to solve the most important tasks which are related to creating a comfortable and safe environment for human life. It was studied the advantages and revealed the main aspects of functioning the cluster model of socio-economic development, which give possibility to the cluster not only to occur, but also to ensure its viability, self-sufficiency, successful and effective organization. It was considered practical examples of using of cluster model of regional development on the example of tourist and agriculture clusters. It was offered a structural model of constant regional development, which is based on cluster structure.