Migration Issues Research Articles

SOCIAL POLICY REGARDING VETERANS, PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AND OTHER VULNERABLE POPULATION GROUPS

The article analyzes the issue of migration as a complex social phenomenon. International population migration in the conditions of growing globalization occupies an important place in the development of modern society and, accordingly, affects young people who, for various reasons, decided to study abroad (in Slovakia). The article reflects knowledge at the theoretical and empirical levels. One of the main tasks of modern higher education is the modernization and efficiency of the professional mobility of future specialists. Student migration is considered as educational migration. We point out that the Slovak Republic is one of the most economically successful countries in Central-Eastern Europe. Economic reforms and accession to the EU, combined with significant inflows of foreign direct investment, have led to sustained economic growth and job creation. Economic development and demographic changes have also created an additional need for skilled labor. At the same time, greater integration into the EU, open borders and a common educational space led to the migration of Slovak students to the neighboring Czech Republic and other EU countries. As a result, Slovakia gradually began to ease migration restrictions and allowed an increasing number of third-country nationals to enter the territory of the Slovak Republic. The integration policy of Slovakia is consistent with the migration policy, and among its priorities is the effective integration of foreigners in the labor market. The purpose of the article is to analyze Ukrainian student migration in Slovakia, focusing on the analysis of personal and social benefits. We analyze the issue of academic mobility as an integral component of the European educational space, which also undoubtedly has a positive effect on the national education system and the national economy. We highlight the issue of effective ethnic-national policy formation, development of theory and practice of social work with ethnic groups, find out directions and forms of social service work with migrants. In the empirical part, we present a quantitative study at all stages of the research process. The content of the study is to find out the reasons that motivate future Ukrainian students to migrate to Slovakia, as well as to find out how the initial decision about migration and arrival to Slovakia takes place. Part of the quantitative research is the analysis of the personal and social benefits of the migration of Ukrainian students to Slovakia.

VICTOR ORBAN: POLITICAL CONSERVATISM AND ANTIMIGRANT RHETORIC

This article examines several issues related to Hungary, the personality and management style of its leader Viktor Orban, and the policies pursued by this European country towards migrants and refugees. Hungary is a state whose migration policy over the past years has been at odds with the European mainstream. This is largely due to the views of Orban himself. For him, the issue of migration is central, axial in his worldview. This course is perceived differently: the Hungarian Prime Minister has both supporters and opponents. In the scientific research literature one can also find polar assessments. At the same time, Orban is a significant figure for the study of migrant discourse, and his policies obviously strive to be framed in a new eclectic ideology. The Prime Minister of Hungary continues to pursue his course, maneuvering between various forces and interest groups - potential allies from other states, opponents from the European liberal establishment, his own electorate, and voters of other Hungarian parties.

Urban-ward Migration and Policy Narratives: A Time to Retrospect

This article takes the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant migrant exodus from cities as an inflexion point and engages with the new policies initiated to address the needs of migrants to cities. As against the significant and persistent invisibility and neglect of the issue of circular internal migration in the country, recent years have witnessed some shifts in the narrative and a few new policies triggered by the pandemic. The article reviews these initiatives to find that the hegemonic hold of the previous narratives and policies informed by the same is largely intact. The new policies do not account for migrant realities and needs. The article therefore calls for more migrant-aware policies based on its study of migrants in Mumbai and proposes principles by which these policies can be reimagined.

Dzheyrahovtsy – issues of origin and migration

The subject of the research in this article is some questions of the history of the Ingush ethnoterritorial society – Dzheyrakhovtsy (ing. Zhiyrakhoi), localized in the sources of the XVI-XVIII centuries on the territory of the Dzheyrakh gorge, in the lower reaches of the Armkhi river, as well as in the gorge of the Terek River to S. V. Lars. The purpose of the article is to study the question of the origin of this society and to identify the reasons for its inclusion in the Ossetian tribe by some authors of the XIX century. And also to show the unreasonableness of such an assignment. As a theoretical basis, the works of researchers from different periods who studied the issue of the Vainakh population on the left bank of the Terek River and the origin of Ingush ethnoterritorial associations of the XVI-XIX centuries are involved. The analysis of information from historical sources related to the issue under study is carried out. Using the historical and systematic method, the processes that led to the formation of the Jeyrakh society and the reasons for their classification as Ossetians are studied. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that the Dzheyrakh society is one of the Western Vainakh ethnoterritorial associations that formed the modern Ingush people. Therefore, the history of this society is directly connected with the history of the entire Ingush people. In the course of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that the main reason for classifying the Dzheyrakhovs in some sources of the XIX century to the Ossetian tribe was that this Ingush society was formed by Vainakh settlers from the left bank of the Terek River, who underwent significant Iranization due to long-term cohabitation with the numerically predominant Ossetian population. The choice of a new place of residence by the settlers was determined, as a rule, by its geographical location, economic significance, as well as the attitude of the local population towards them. Therefore, in some cases, migrants settled in Ingush farms and completely dissolved among the indigenous inhabitants, while in others they founded new villages and societies. One of these societies, formed by them, was the Dzheyrakhov society.

Differentiated Integration in the EU Regarding the Migration Crisis: Disputes Between the Member States

The European Union (EU) has been challenged by several crises lately. In addition to Brexit, the Euro crisis, and the migration crisis; global issues such as the coronavirus pandemic and the Russian attack on Ukraine affected the EU. The migration crisis, on the one hand, differs from the above-mentioned crises with one remarkable feature. The member states have no real consensus about forming a common migration policy. Besides, for geographic reasons, some member states put much more burden on immigrants. Agreeing on immigration becomes impossible for the border countries on the migration route and also transit countries. The paper argues that, unlike the other crises of the EU, the migration crisis reinforces EU integration in such a way that disputes between member states prevent the EU from making institutional changes about the issue. The study results assume that the other above-mentioned crises, on the other hand, stimulated institutional change throughout the EU. In light of this information, this study evaluates, using a method of relevant literature review and comparing the arguments of the researchers, how the migration issue became a subject of dispute between member states by evaluating the 2015 crisis.

Experimental evaluation of chemical sand stabilization and its optimization of composite sand control with squeeze gravel pack

Chemical stabilization is a viable solution for controlling the sand migration and production issues encountered in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs. With numerous sand stabilizers available, screening the appropriate reagent and clarifying its utilization are crucial for enhancing sand control efficiency. This paper explores the impact of chemical sand stabilization on the expansion and diversification of sand production patterns and provides an experimental evaluation approach from an engineering standpoint. The evaluation experiments show that the sanding patterns may shift from collapse to a stabilized sanding cavity as the stabilizer content increases, and may remain relatively steady despite the increased flow rate under a high content of chemical sand stabilizer. Nevertheless, chemical stabilization has limited power to control unconsolidated sandstone, particularly in the early stages of fluid flushing when adequate support could not be provided, resulting in explosive sand production. Furthermore, their lifetime of efficacy in engineering applications is still insufficient. Based on the evaluation results, research on the construction method of mechanical-chemical sand control and parameter optimization including treatment range, dosage, and extrusion rate was established. The chemical stabilization screening method and mechanical-chemical design method presented in this work have been proven to be feasible through the successful application in the Gudong oilfield. The combination of chemical stabilization and squeeze gravel pack technology provides dual benefits of blocking coming sand near well and stabilizing weekly cemented sand far well, particularly for wells with extensive sanding history. It has a fair chance of helping with the engineering of sand management and production enhancement for unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs.

Glorified Image, Gloomy Life: Diversified Perceptions and The Transformation in nature of Migration in Bangladeshi Villages

Migration refers to the movement of people from their origin to another place for diversified reasons. The glorified image and good life expectations are a matter of discussion whenever it comes to migration but the gloomy sides, transforming perceptions in this migration issue, are still in the shade in Bangladeshi Villages. This article examined the nature of migration and prevailing multiple perceptions and the transformation in these perceptions over decades in Shakhail, Uladab, And Mirkutiya villages located in Tangail District, Dhaka, Bangladesh. This article addresses migration and growth, how the young perceive "bidesh" and how family economic progress affects migration patterns. It is also concerned with the process of materiality determining status. Psychological breakdown, seclusion, and separation are also discussed in this article with relevant case studies. I have Identified various perceptions, which are the collective perceptions of different people from these village communities. In addition, I have tried to predict the future of these villages with the help of Lee's push-pull theory with relevant narrative analysis.

Border penality as antagonistic politics

This article examines the socio-political implications of using criminal law to address migration issues in Italy. It delves into the polarised political debate characterised by crimmigration, on the one hand, and calls to criminalise border violence to protect migrants, on the other hand. It argues that both uses of penality reflect and foster penal antagonism, whereby both sides of the debate seek to impose their views using punishment. Penal antagonism leads to more migrants being incarcerated and forecloses possibilities for more political changes to the prevailing anti-immigration paradigm. Drawing on Chantal Mouffe's work, the article proposes agonistic politics as an alternative approach: a political confrontation to assert one's vision about migration, but where the opponent is an adversary to engage politically rather than an enemy to be delegitimised through penality. Moving from penal antagonism to political agonism could help decouple migration from penality and remove a central source of harm for migrants.

Climate change and health: The case of mapping droughts and migration pattern in Iran (2011-2016).

Migration and mobility of population have been reported as a common reaction to drought. There is historical evidence to suggest the health effects of droughts and human migration linkage in Iran. This study aimed to map the drought and migration patterns in Iran in 2011 and 2016 and explore their possible health impacts. This sequential explanatory mixed-method study was done in two stages of spatial analysis and qualitative study. Data mapping was conducted through the equal interval classification and using drought, migration, and agriculture occupation data based on provincial divisions in Iran in 2011 and 2016. This qualitative study was conducted using the content analysis approach. The in-migration rate was higher in 2011 rather than 2016. Migration to cities was much higher than migration to villages in both years. The frequency of male migrants was higher than females in all provinces in 2011 and 2016. Physical and mental diseases as well as economic, sociocultural, education, and environment effects on health were extracted from the qualitative data. A holistic picture of droughts and migration issues in Iran and their health consequences were achieved by the present research. Further research is needed to explore the determinants of health impacts of climate change in vulnerable groups. Public health problems can be prevented by adaptive and preventive policy-making and planning. This can improve the coping capacity of the population facing droughts and enforced migration.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СХЕМ ТРУДОВОЇ МІГРАЦІЇ ТА ЇЇ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ НАСЛІДКІВ В УЗБЕКИСТАНІ

Formulation of the problem. Labor migration has emerged as a significant socioeconomic phenomenon in Uzbekistan, impacting both the sending regions within the country and the receiving countries abroad. This research paper aims to analyze the patterns of labor migration within Uzbekistan and to other countries, while also assessing its socioeconomic implications. The purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate the schemes of labor migration in Uzbekistan, taking into account their socio-economic consequences, as well as studying the volume of labor migration, the main directions and motivations of migrants, determining the impact of this phenomenon on the economy, the labor market, the social sphere and other aspects of public life in Uzbekistan. The object of the study is labor migration schemes and their socio-economic consequences in the context of Uzbekistan. The methodological basis and information base of the research are current scientific and applied research, statistical information. The article uses a number of methods, including analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. The main hypothesis of the study is that the analysis of labor migration schemes and their consequences will reveal the key factors that influence this process and its impact on the economy, the labor market, the social sphere and other aspects of public life in Uzbekistan. We assume that such an analysis will allow us to develop effective strategies and policies to optimize labor migration in order to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the country. Presenting main material. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of labor migration data and qualitative interviews with migrants and relevant stakeholders. By understanding the drivers and consequences of labor migration, this research provides valuable insights for policymakers to design effective strategies that maximize the benefits and minimize the challenges associated with labor mobility. The originality and practical significance of the study lies in a comprehensive approach to the analysis of labor migration schemes and its socio-economic consequences in the context of Uzbekistan, new insights into the relationship between labor migration and the country's development, revealing the peculiarities of this phenomenon in the Uzbek context. The practical significance of this article is that it can serve as a basis for the development of effective strategies and policies for the management of labor migration in Uzbekistan. Conclusions of the study can be useful for governmental and non-governmental organizations dealing with issues of migration and socio-economic development. The findings of the study indicate the need to develop comprehensive programs to support migrants, as well as the need to reform the labor migration management system in Uzbekistan in order to ensure sustainable development of the country and improve the quality of life of migrants and their families.

On Migration As A Significant Challenge For The European Union

European society is currently facing several important challenges. One of the most significant is the challenge of mass illegal migration, which encompasses security, political, economic, social, societal, legislative and many other aspects. Migration thus represents a very complex problem, the solution of which is by no means not simple. It requires the adoption of a number of comprehensive, mutually synergistic measures and steps, both at the level of the European Union as a whole and at the level of individual Member States. That is also why the author deals with the issue of mass illegal migration to the EU in the article. The author´s interdisciplinary research primarily draws on official information and data published by competent European and other institutions, while using relevant scientific methods aimed at showing that migration represents a very complex and multifaceted phenomenon and, in recent years, one of the greatest challenges for the European Union.

The Experience of the Migration Component of European Identity for the Central Asia Region

The purpose of the article is to determine the degree of influence of international migration issues on the process of transformation of European identity and to assess the prospects for applying this experience in the countries of Central Asia. The methodological base of the study was built on the basis of a combination of methods of structural-functional, comparative, institutional analysis and forecasting with elements of a descriptive method. The results of the scientific work consist of characterizing the concept of European identity and the main problems of its development in connection with the intensification of migration processes in the world, formulating the features of the incorporation and integration of foreign citizens in the EU states, as well as highlighting the principles and norms used by members of the Commonwealth to regulate migration flows. The materials of this work can be applied in research and applied fields: the article can be useful for scientists whose interests include the formation and development of regional identity in a globalized world, as well as the topics of migration processes and linguistic, cultural and social adaptation of immigrants.

News coverage of the Iraqi brain drain issue: an analytical study of the news bulletins of Al Iraqiya TV channel during the period from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022

The public today navigates a vast landscape of hundreds of satellite channels offering diverse intellectual discourse. Amidst this multitude, Al-Iraqiya Satellite Channel, the official Iraqi state broadcaster, consistently claims the top spot in viewership and engagement according to local opinion polls. The channel grapples with various issues relevant to the Iraqi public, and prominent among them is the critical phenomenon of Iraqi talent migration. It is this issue's prominence in Al-Iraqiya's news programming that drew the researcher's attention, leading to a detailed analysis of broadcast content focused on brain drain during the year 2022. This research seeks to answer the following question: How did news bulletins on Al-Iraqiya Satellite Channel address the issue of Iraqi talent migration? Employing a descriptive research approach, the researcher utilized a survey method and defined the research population as all news bulletins aired by the channel in 2022. To ensure comprehensiveness, a complete inventory sample of all bulletins addressing the brain drain phenomenon within the specified timeframe was adopted . This analysis yielded several key findings: News coverage of Iraqi talent migration occupied a substantial portion of total news bulletin airtime, amounting to 70 minutes out of a total 540 minutes. The majority of the televised content addressing brain drain took the form of news segments, followed by reports, interviews, analyses, and commentaries, respectively.

The Samoa Agreement and the Cotonou Agreement – Comparative Analysis

The article contains a comparison of two international agreements – the 2023 Samoa Agreement and the 2000 Cotonou Agreement. In addition to examining the evolution of cooperation between the parties to the agreements, the article contains a reflection on whether the intended goals are possible to achieve. The historical overview of previous cooperation between the EU and the OACPS allows to notice that the Agreement fits into the trend of cooperation lasting more than 60 years. Apart from indicating the legal basis of the Agreement, the article contains information about the parties, the period of application and the basic goals. The article concerns the strategic priorities declared in the agreements, which are regulated differently, because the new one in addition to the declarations to protect human rights, also regulates the provisions that result from the emergence of new social phenomena. The migration and mobility provisions are aimed to limit the effects of the current crisis at EU borders. The Agreement expanded and regulated both the issue of migrants' rights as well as the issues of return, readmission and reintegration. The Agreement allows for new forms of cooperation and implementation measures, and declares the parties aim to seeking common actions, positions and votes. The article explained the institutional framework that has been expanded in the new Agreement. The final provisions concern dispute resolution and default. Both procedures assume solving problems within the institutional framework of the Agreement. The last part of the article assesses the global consequences of concluding the Agreement and draws attention to its importance in the relations between the EU, its Members and the OACPS.

Migration Crime in the Context of National Security (Regional Aspect)

The article points that illegal migration, which leads to the existence of a significant segment of the shadow economy, distorts the domestic labor market, and also forms a breeding ground for corruption in many regions of the country as a whole, the Irkutsk region in particular, can be attributed to the number of criminogenic risks that have a negative impact on ensuring the national interests of the state. In the near future, not only conservation is predicted in this region, but also an increase in the flow of illegal migration, which may have negative consequences. It is noted that the given data of official statistics reflect not the actual, but only the recorded level of migration crime, characterized by latency. The purpose of the study is a criminological analysis of migration crime based on official criminal statistics, the criminological aspects of the current state of this phenomenon are revealed. The research methods are private scientific (special) - the method of expert assessments, statistical research methods. The empirical basis was made up of statistical data on registered crimes committed by foreign citizens on the territory of the Russian Federation for the periods 2016–2022, Data from the Office of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation for 2016–2022, as well as the results of published criminological studies conducted by other authors. The study showed that the effectiveness of measures taken to migration in general and illegal migration in particular depends on the coordinated work of all departments dealing with migration issues. It is concluded that it is necessary to work out the Concept of the state migration policy of the Russian Federation for 2019–2025," especially in terms of "embedding" migrants into the multicultural space of the country in a legislative form in order to preserve the demographic balance on the one hand, on the other hand, assistance the Russian economy needs a national workforce.

Regulation of labor migration in rural areas

Goal – the article examines the process of outflow of highly qualified specialists from rural areas, its reasons, since this trend is relevant for the Republic of Kazakhstan and the world community. Methods – retrospective analysis, demographic and economic statistics, index, graphic, comparisons and generalizations. Results – the main directions of Kazakhstan’s migration policy are considered. The authors analyzed data on the number and share of the urban and rural population in the republic, based on statistics. The balance of interregional migration is presented, since demographic and economic results affect the economy regardless of its level of development. Conclusions – attention is focused on the process of urbanization in the context of globalization, which negatively affects the number of rural residents. Internal migration is interconnected with international migration, the possibility of moving to other states. Currently, migration processes in the country have undergone changes, due to the transformation of values and migration factors, which represent specific results of the current stage of socio-economic and political development of Kazakhstan, which is confirmed by analytical information from 2013 to 2023. Government measures, reflected in resettlement programs, are aimed at stimulating national economy, quantitative transformations of the ethnic composition in the receiving areas, as well as modifications in the structure of labor market. Current issues of labor migration: labor shortage, natural and migration population decline. Tracking these indicators is difficult due to the unorganized labor market, labor intensity of this work and the need for significant financial resources.

IFE-Olukotun Community, North-Central Nigeria And Issues of Migration and Linkages with Other Yoruba Towns

Human beings world over tend to be perennially restive and Yoruba people seem to have had their own share of this human trait. People migrate for various reasons. Hence, it will certainly be a stretch of imagination to think that they have always occupied their present land. (Ogunba 1973:91) Though, a long period of effective occupation can make a community feel they are the original owner of a place. As such, to lay claim to a place as one’s original home, the number of years one’s fore fathers had settled there is imperative, likewise the language spoken whether original or borrowed and how homogenous or otherwise the culture is. It is in this wise that the heterogeneous nature and the recent awareness of certain Yoruba towns having the same cognomen and names with certain quarters in Ife-Olukotun engendered the desire to search for their link with such Yoruba towns to unearth the historical and socio-cultural accounts for insight for the present and future and preservation for posterity. More importantly, is the current wave of Obaship in the community with each of the quarters that made up Ife-Olukotun having their own Oba (king) as against the hitherto one Oba (Olukotun of Ife) for the entire community. Methodology adopted for the paper are Archival and Secondary sources.

THE BRAIN OF THE ORGANIZATION: TALÂT PASHA

Mehmet Talât Pasha, the most important figure of the Committee of Union and Progress, was born in Edirne in 1874. Although known as a Pasha in history, Talât Pasha had started civil service as a civil servant at Edirne Post-Telegraph Administration and he was called a Pasha since he became a Grand Vizier, according to the rules of the Ottoman Empire. In Thessaloniki, where he was exiled as an officer of Post-Telegraph, he became a founder of the Ottoman Society of Liberty with the influence of his brother-in-law İsmail Yörük and his other friends. Thus, the Committee, which initially operated as an underground organization, got stronger and became the Committee of Union and Progress as the Military staff in Rumelia began to become members of the Committee and the process which led to the declaration of the Second Constitutional Monarchy was experienced. Following the declaration of the Constitutional Monarchy on July 24, 1908, Talât Pasha entered the parliament as the Edirne Member of Parliament. He became the minister of Internal Affairs in the government that was established after the Bâbıâlî Raid. Before and during the First World War, as the minister of Internal Affairs, he dealt with the issue of immigrants from the Balkans, the issue of Armenians and especially the issue of forced Armenian migration. He became the Grand Vizier on February 4, 1917. During his Office as Grand Vizier while the Frist World War was continuing, he dealt with problems such as the subsistence of the army and cities. Towards the end of the war, on the night of November 2, following the Armistice of Mudros, he left İstanbul with the leaders of the Union and Progress. He moved to Germany and continued his political activities during the days he lived in Berlin. On March 15, 1921, he was killed by an Armenian terrorist. On February 20, 1943, his body was brought to Turkey and buried at Hürriyet-i Ebediye hill.

Внутрішньо переміщені особи як особливий об'єкт соціального захисту України

The article is devoted to the study of certain issues related to the social protection of internally displaced persons in Ukraine through the prism of security and economic aspects, which are the main ones for this category of persons. It is emphasized that the issues of migration processes throughout all the years of Ukraine's independence were quite acute for our state. The issue of the legal status of persons who returned to the state from the territories of the republics of the former Soviet space was replaced by the issue of refugees, deported peoples, illegal and labor migration, and since 2014, a new category of migrants has emerged – internally displaced persons. Terrible events: the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the armed conflict in the East of the country, and in 2022 – a full-scale aggressive war by the Russian Federation, which continues to this day, caused the largest internal displacement of the population of Ukraine. All this became a good reason for the adoption of a number of legislative acts that created the basis for regulating their status and creating an appropriate mechanism for the realization and protection of the rights and freedoms of this category of persons. It has been established that today in our country an extremely terrible mass forced migration crisis continues, which in terms of its scale and consequences is considered to be almost the largest in terms of its nature and number of forced displacement of the population. The large-scale military aggression shown by the Russian Federation against Ukraine left a large number of residents of our country without homes, radically changed their security, economic and financial situation, as well as the state of their social security and well-being. Such vulnerability of IDPs requires the state to create and use a whole range of possible measures and means that will ensure the proper social integration of these persons in the new environment, among which the most important are the issues of: provision of housing, employment opportunities, realization of the right to medical care and education, psychological support, etc., as well as financial support, which is almost the most important element of providing social services.

“Second generation”: a theoretical reflection on an ever-changing concept

ABSTRACT In recent decades, the issue of migrants’ children has received increasing attention within scientific research. This is due to the ongoing nature of the most current global migration phenomena. “Second generation” is the category often used in studies to define the field of reference, namely that of youth with foreign origin. However, this definition is sometimes generic or rather crossed by different interpretations depending on the application context, references considered or even used approaches. This contribution of theoretical nature aims to examine this concept by highlighting its empirical complexity. Based on a critical revision of classical and contemporary definitions, the analytical reflection focuses on a particular context, specifically the Italian one, about which the most recent conceptualisations proposed from below, for instance by the youth associationism’s world, are also considered. In conclusion, a broad conceptual reflection emerges that seeks to problematise the use of this ever-changing category.