MICMAC Method Research Articles

Dynamic modeling of human error in industrial maintenance through structural analysis and system dynamics.

Human error constitutes a significant cause of accidents across diverse industries, leading to adverse consequences and heightened disruptions in maintenance operations. Organizations can enhance their decision-making process by quantifying human errors and identifying the underlying influencing factors, thereby mitigating their repercussions. Consequently, it becomes crucial to examine the value of human error probability (HEP) during these activities. The objective of this paper is to determine and simulate HEP in maintenance tasks at a cement factory, utilizing performance shaping factors (PSFs). The research employs the cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis method to evaluate the dependencies, impacts, and relationships among the factors influencing human error. This approach classifies and assesses the dependencies and impacts of different factors on HEP, occupational accidents, and related costs. The study also underscores that PSFs can dynamically change under the influence of other variables, emphasizing the necessity to forecast the behavior of human error over time. Therefore, this paper utilizes the MICMAC method to analyze the interdependencies, relationships, and impact levels among different variables. These relationships are then utilized to optimize the implementation of the system dynamics (SD) method. An SD model is employed to forecast the system's behavior, and multiple scenarios are presented. By considering the HEP value, managers can adjust organizational conditions and personnel to ensure acceptability. The paper also presents various scenarios related to HEP to assist managers in making informed decisions.

Unveiling the controversies of brand identity management: A holistic framework for global B2B companies through a hybrid systematic literature review and interpretive structural modelling

Corporations that present a distinctive and different brand identity are preferable for customers and the market, create value, and lead in pricing. It helps customers feel the corporation is trustworthy and reliable. Despite the remarkable advantages, the definition of brand identity for global B2B companies needs to be clearer and more complex than the definition of other close concepts. It deals with some problems and causes some challenges for managers. The present study aims to identify the main controversies and challenges in brand identity management for global B2B companies. Accordingly, a hybrid systematic literature review (SLR) and thematic analysis (TA) have been employed to extract the initial drawbacks. Afterwards, the relationships among the extracted themes are identified using an Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) to recognise the network of the problems surrounding the brand identity of global B2B companies. Ultimately, the identified themes are also categorised via the MICMAC method (Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification). After reviewing 142 articles, 12, 11, and 9 challenges were extracted as the main themes for corporate, brand, and stakeholder levels. These themes were analysed and categorised into drivers, linkages, dependents, and autonomous challenges. Moreover, three subsystems were presented, covering the causal relationship among the challenges.

A transition towards clean propulsion in shipping: The role of PESTLE drivers and implications for policy

In the context of the ongoing green transition within the maritime sector, this study seeks to explore the interplay of factors influencing the development of clean propulsion technologies. We identify the drivers underpinning the shift towards cleaner propulsion in maritime operations and outline the implications for the future of such technologies. This research is a result of industry-academia effort to develop a collective vision and strategy for a consortium of companies within propulsion sector. The market drivers are identified as part of a technology roadmapping process following PESTLE framework. Additionally, we employ the MICMAC method to discern dependencies and influences among these drivers. The findings indicate that certain drivers, such as fuel pricing and economic incentives, wield considerable independent influence, whereas others, including green financing, political will, and emission targets, exhibit substantial influence but are interdependent with other variables. Overall, most of the 30 drivers identified in the study both influence and depend on other drivers, creating a complex and uncertain system. This research contributes empirically to a holistic understanding of the intricate interplay among diverse market drivers in the context of clean propulsion in the maritime sector. Theoretically, it unveils the interdependent structure of socio-technical regimes and its implications in terms of “windows of opportunity” for niche development.

Study on the Identification of Obstacle Paths for Digital Economy Promotion in Underdeveloped Regions based on ISM-MICMAC Modeling

Identifying the obstacles in the path of barriers to the promotion of the digital economy in less-developed regions can provide insight into the underlying causes that lead to the limited development of the digital economy. This helps the government and related organizations to formulate targeted policies and measures, which can be targeted to address the different barriers in solving the digital economy promotion problems and improve the development of the digital economy. A total of 26 influencing factors of barriers to the promotion of digital economy from six dimensions are categorized into three levels: surface, middle, and bottom according to the ISM model, and the influencing factors are categorized into three clusters of influencing factors, namely, independent, autonomous and connected, using the MICMAC method. The results of the study show that: (1) the digital divide factors such as the lack of digital economy professionals and the relatively weak economic foundation are the underlying factors hindering the promotion of the digital economy, and have the deepest impact on the obstacles in the path of digital economy promotion. (2) Inadequate education system, lack of government funding, and lack of related policy support are the linkage factors in the path of barriers to the promotion of the digital economy, with greater dependence and driving force, which need to be focused on.

The Analysis of sustainability factors underlying human-monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) conflict at IPB University

The proximity of the Macaca fascicularis habitat to locations of human activity, especially in the IPB University area, disrupts human activity, especially in the morning and evening. The act of Maccaca fascicularis entering human territory increases the potential for human conflict with Macaca fascicularis. This research aims to identify the variables that cause conflict in the IPB Dramaga Campus environment by describing the intensity of influence and interdependent relationships between variables and grouping them from the most influential to the least influential. This research was conducted at IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia in 2021. The object of this research was the Macaca fascicularis group located at the IPB Dramaga Campus. Data collection was carried out by applying the Focus Group Discussion method to determine the influencing variables and human conflict with Macaca fascicularis. Data analysis was carried out using the Micmac Method. Based on the research results, there are factors that influence food, vegetation, culture, and the important role of human activity, land, population, and mitigation. The Primate Animal Study Center (PSSP) in collaboration with the Bogor BKSDA is making efforts to overcome disturbances using the Trapping Cage method, which is a method carried out by storing iron cages filled with fruit such as bananas and others in several locations that are suspected to be frequently visited areas and Increase the active role of the community around the IPB campus which is affected by long-tailed monkeys by providing incentives for people who are able to catch long-tailed monkeys without causing harm.

Research on the Coupled Relationship of Factors Influencing Construction Workers’ Unsafe Behaviors: A Hybrid DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC Approach

The unsafe behavior of construction workers is the most direct reason of frequent construction site accidents. In order to improve the safety management of construction sites and figure out the causal relationship among the influencing factors in the field of construction workers’ unsafe behaviors, literature research, questionnaire survey, decision-making trial, and evaluation laboratory—interpretive structural modeling—crossimpact matrix multiplication applied to classification (DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC) methods were used in combination in this thesis. The analysis of collected data was carried out in three dimensions: individual, organizational environment, and safety management. A framework about influencing factors of construction workers’ unsafe behaviors was constructed. DEMATEL-ISM was used to construct the explanatory structural model, which to analyze the influence relationships and hierarchical relationships among factors. MICMAC method was used to analyze the driving dependency. ISM model consists of six parts, the bottom of which includes three influencing factors: work environment, safety supervision, and concernment of superior. With characteristics of high drive and low dependence, the bottom layer are the root causes of construction workers’ unsafe behaviors. Work environment and concernment of superior are the core indicators of it. The intermediate layer with a low drive and low dependence covers six factors: psychological status, physical health, professional skills, organizational climate, work quota, and safety plan. It is the indirect factor to influence construction workers’ unsafe behaviors. The top layer is composed of safety awareness, safety education, and technical delivery. Safety awareness is the core of individual dimension, showing the characteristics of low drive and high dependence, is the direct factor to influence construction workers’ unsafe behaviors. Based on the DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC method, the methodology to reduce construction workers’ unsafe behaviors was proposed.

The alternative policies to sustain the level of sufficient domestic rice staple food supply for the population (A case study in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia)

The Indonesian government has implemented various policies to meet the population’s need to raise staple food. Global food crises and malnutrition issues arise from several factors including population growth, uncontrolled conversion of rice fields, shifting consumption patterns, and climate change. Therefore, efforts to maintain and increase domestic rice production have become crucial to reduce potential food vulnerabilities and dependence on other countries for food. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of domestic rice sufficiency in the Banyumas Regency, analyze key related variables, and formulate policies to maintain it. The research methods used were visual image interpretation, building dynamic models, and conducting prospective analysis using the MICMAC method. The results show that domestic rice sufficiency is decreasing, resulting in a widening gap between the population’s rice needs and the domestic rice supply. The domestic rice supply in the study area can meet the rice needs of the local population by 2025, and in 2026, a deficit will begin to occur. Policies that can be implemented include increasing the planting index, improving rice productivity, food diversification, and implementing regulations to protect the rice fields. Critical variables in its implementation include the Regent’s Regulation on Rice Field Protection, detailed spatial information on rice fields, irrigation water availability, and the active role of farmer groups.

Green-workforce agility in healthcare organizations

ABSTRACT This paper aims to ‘identify’, ‘analyse’, and ‘categorise’ the enablers of green-workforce agility in healthcare operations using ‘Modified Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (m-TISM) and MICMAC analysis’. The m-TISM technique was utilized to determine how the components interacted, and the green-workforce agility enablers were ranked and categorized using the MICMAC method. This study identified ten enablers of green-workforce agility in healthcare operations. In this study, green HRM, green training and workforce development, green organizational culture, employee green behaviours, green employee empowerment were the driving or key enablers. This study will help academics and key stakeholders better understand the green-workforce agility in healthcare operations. In this study, the m-TISM technique for healthcare is proposed as an innovative approach to address the green workforce agility subject.

An extended ISM and MICMAC method under neutrosophic environment

PurposeISM technique is one of the tools of interest in soft operations research. The soft nature of this technique has made inevitable use of indeterminacy theories. The present research attempts to develop ISM technique and MICMAC analysis in a neutrosophic space due to the complexity and uncertainty of the decision-making environment.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, single-valued triangular neutrosophic numbers is used to develop Neutrosophic ISM (NISM) and Neutrosophic MICMAC (NMICMAC). First, the general algorithm of NISM and NMICMAC is provided. In the following, the complete description of NISM steps including level value determination, Factor Leveling Algorithm and NISM digraph algorithm are presented. Finally, a description of the NMICMAC steps is described.FindingsAn illustrative example – supplier selection problem – is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and in the discussion section; the comparison and analysis of different aspects of the NISM with the previous methods are discussed.Originality/valueIn this study, NISM and NMICMAC are presented for the first time, so that each pairwise comparison judgment is provided as single valued triangular neutrosophic numbers. The development of the model is continued until the final stages of calculations with neutrosophic numbers, and only in the final stage the results are crispy presented. In addition, not only the factors of process are leveled, but at each level the factors are lined up and their importance is determined.

Prioritization of Waste-to-Energy Technologies Associated with the Utilization of Food Waste

Taking advantage of the growing production of organic waste for its conversion to waste-to-energy (WtE) also contributes to mitigating the problems associated with its final disposal, which is a global trend of increasing application. This work presents an innovative approach for the identification and prioritization of WtE alternatives available from the use of food waste (FW) present in the municipal solid waste (MSW) of a Colombian municipality with source separation and selective collection: (i) a systematic literature review, which allows one to identify WtE alternatives; (ii) the prospective MIC-MAC method (Matrice d’Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqués à un Classement) allowed the selection of criteria and sub criteria; (iii) the analytical hierarchical process (AHP) and the technique of order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS), allowed a ranking of selected alternatives considering the technical, environmental, and social aspects. The WtE technologies identified were anaerobic digestion, gasification, incineration, biogas recovery from landfills, and pyrolysis; this last was excluded due to its greater application potential with substrates such as plastic waste. The six sub-criteria identified and prioritized were social acceptability (36%), greenhouse gas emissions mitigated (16.17%), MSW reduction (15.83%), energy production (13.80%), technological maturity (12.95%), and electrical energy conversion efficiency (5.25%), with the decreasing order of preferences of anaerobic digestion (78.2%), gasification (47.5%), incineration (27.4%), and biogas recovery from landfills (6.6%); the latter was the least desirable alternative (lower social acceptance and CO2 tons mitigated in relation to the other options). The innovative nature of this study is the identification and consideration of the comprehensive management of this type of waste of a large number of criteria (120 environmental, 52 social, and 59 technical) and the validation of the results through a sensitivity analysis, which allowed us to confirm for this study, that anaerobic digestion is the most favorable technology for the treatment and energy use of FW.

Investigating the Drivers of Knowledge-Based Growth Management Using Fuzzy MICMAC: A Case Study in Iran

Attention to a city’s physical development is necessary for urban development plans. In Iran, the rapid physical expansion of cities in the form of unplanned and unbalanced growth due to various reasons, including indiscriminate migration, is considered a fundamental problem. This phenomenon is known as urban sprawl, which is one of the results of this type of growth. The research aims to identify and prioritize the indicators of the realization of knowledge-based growth management (KBGM) in the city of Tabriz, using foresight methods to analyze the effective drivers. The fuzzy linguistic MICMAC method was used to analyze mutual effects by converting linguistic variables into fuzzy numbers. In addition, using the theory of fuzzy sets for experts participating in research, the relationships between the 32 research variables were investigated. This research showed that the city of Tabriz had a scattered, isolated, fast, and unplanned growth, and it has relative compatibility. Despite the possibility of development within the limits of urban growth, most of the construction activities were outside the boundaries of urban growth. Key factors affecting the management of knowledge-based growth in Tabriz city were identified. Based on our findings, the university’s reputation, government effectiveness, urban competitiveness, city branding, quality of life, and strategic planning will impact the knowledge-based development process in Tabriz.

Barriers affecting the green transformation process in healthcare organizations

ABSTRACT This paper aims to ‘identify’, ‘analyse’, and ‘categorise’ the barriers affecting the green transformation process in healthcare using Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) and MICMAC analysis. The TISM technique was utilized to determine how the components interacted and the green transformation process barriers criteria were ranked and categorized using the MICMAC method. This study identified 11 barriers to green transformation process in healthcare organizations. The key factors identified in this study are inadequate strategic planning, financial barriers, and high technology adoption cost, information barriers, international issues in healthcare environmental sustainability, lack of supportive atmosphere. The TISM technique for healthcare is proposed in this paper as a novel attempt to address the subject of green transformation process barriers. This research will aid key stakeholders and academics in the better understanding the barriers affecting the green transformation process in healthcare organizations.

Analysis of Strategic Variables for the Development and Sustainability of Fos-Food Restaurant Business in the Pandemic Era; MICMAC Approach

Talk about smart cities, the community's independence to open a business and drive the local economy is a concrete form in the community, which is useful in the current state. Even though in this Covid-19 pandemic condition, the life of a business is not easy, especially the seafood culinary business. A restaurant business requires a business development strategy that will determine the business's long-term future—this culinary tourism development and sustainability strategy. The MICMAC method functions analytically to solve systematic problems by developing sustainability strategies in industrial areas. So in this study, researchers will research Strategic Variable Analysis for the Development and Sustainability of the Fos-Food Restaurant Business in the Pandemic Era; MICMAC approach. This study uses primary and secondary data and uses the MICMAC method. The results of this study are: (1). The strategic factor analysis of Fos-Food Restaurant development has 11 strength variables, seven weakness variables, six opportunity variables, and eight threat variables. Based on the weighting and scores carried out, the total score for internal factors was 3.17 and for external factors was 3.07. (2). The research analyzed Fos-Food's development strategies and programs from the SWOT diagram, SWOT matrix, SWOT quadrant strategy analysis, and MICMAC analysis. The strategy analysis shows that the position of this restaurant is currently still in quadrant IV. Then the MICMAC analysis shows that judging from the indirect influence graph of each relationship between variables, the variables that have the greatest value are the variables: Financial and Accounting, Technological Environment, and Buyer/Customer Power.

Factors influencing sustainability in start-ups operations 4.0

Given that the previous industrial revolution brought about significant and occasionally unanticipated changes in the “economy,” “the environment,” and “society,” industry 4.0’s sustainability effects deserve all of academia's attention. The study of the start-up operations 4.0 sustainability effects is in its infancy, and more research is needed to fully understand the sustainability implication of start-up operation 4.0 in terms of the influence of digitization on the economy, the environment, and society. Though research on sustainability in industry 4.0 has been performed, a study on the factors influencing start-up operations 4.0 to achieve sustainability has not received the necessary attention. To address this issue and gap, the current study models the factors influencing start-up operations 4.0 to achieve sustainability. Through review of literatures and experts’ opinion, ten factors have been identified. To identify how the factors interact, the “Modified-Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (M-TISM)” technique is employed, and the “MICMAC method” is used to “rank and categorize” the factors. The findings shows that the key importance should be given to the “management support for sustainability adoption,” “decentralized system,” “green design,” and “machine learning system.” The developed hierarchical link between variables provides a comprehensive understanding of how sustainability helps start-ups competitiveness and what elements are responsible for this impact. The management of the start-ups can utilize this framework to enhance start-up operations 4.0 since our study uses factors often studied separately but not combined. This study will help academics, and key stakeholders understand the aspects that lead to sustainability in start-up operations 4.0.

Investigating cause-and-effect relationships between supply chain 4.0 technologies

Abstract The developments of the fourth industrial revolution have caused changes in all areas of society, including production. The changes in production caused by the fourth industrial revolution have also resulted in fundamental changes in the supply chain and have converted it to supply chain 4.0. Organisations must be receptive to supply chain 4.0 to maintain their competitive advantage. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationships among supply chain 4.0 technologies so that, by learning and understanding these connections, industries can pave the way for the implementation of these technologies in their supply chains and use them in problem-solving. The literature review was used to identify the supply chain 4.0 technologies, and the Delphi technique was applied to extract them, including the Internet of Things (IoT), cyber-physical systems, cloud computing, big data, blockchain, artificial intelligence, Radio-frequency Identification (RFID), augmented reality, virtual reality, and simulation. The relationships of supply chain 4.0 technologies were examined using the DEMATEL technique and based on interpretive structural modelling (ISM), their deployment map was drawn. The type of technologies was determined using the MICMAC method. The MICMAC analysis found that the artificial intelligence technology is independent and, based on the findings through the DEMATEL technique, this technology is related to simulation, which belongs to the first level of the interpretive structural modelling technique, and IoT, cloud computing, big data, and blockchain technologies, which are at the second level. Based on the ISM method, RFID, virtual reality, augmented reality and simulation technologies are located at the first level; IoT, cyber-physical systems, cloud computing, big data and blockchain technologies are situated in the second level; and artificial intelligence technology belongs to the third level. According to the related literature, few studies have been conducted on the issues of supply chain 4.0 and the technologies that affect it.

Business agility in technology internet of things projects

ABSTRACT The article aims to ‘identify,’ ‘analyze’, and ‘categorize’ the factors of business agility in technology IoT projects using Total Interpretative Structural Modelling (TISM). A closed-ended questionnaire along with the scheduled interview was used to collect data. The TISM methodology and the MICMAC method are used to determine how the variables interact and to rank and categorise the business agility factors in technology IoT projects, respectively. The study shows that lean startup culture and ecosystem agility bring an overall agile culture into the established case organisations that are operating in IoT product segments. The study focuses primarily on technology IoT projects. The research will aid key stakeholders and academics in better understand the factors contributing to business agility in Technology IoT projects. This article is a novel attempt at the subject of business agility in IoT projects by using TISM and MICMAC approaches.

Modeling the Quality Enablers of Supplier Chain Quality Management

It is essential to effectively integrate supply chain management and quality management, but a quality chain of suppliers and customers is a complex system relationship that remains poorly understood. An improved DEMATEL (Decision making trial and evaluation laboratory) and ISM (Interpretive structural modeling) integration approach was proposed to establish a systematic causal and hierarchical relationship of the quality enablers of supplier chain quality management (SCQM). The MICMAC method (cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification) was also used to classify the quality enablers of SCQM based on driving force and dependence force. The results suggest that organizations that develop SCQM implementation strategies should focus on quality enablers with high driving force, particularly on the quality enablers of strategy and leadership, information system usage and analysis, and cooperation and synergy of suppliers.

The Multi-Level Hierarchical Structure of the Enablers for Supply Chain Resilience Using Cloud Model-DEMATEL–ISM Method

Companies must shift from traditional supply chain management thinking to addressing or preventing increases in vulnerability, uncertainty, and unforeseen supply chain disruptions facing complex global supply chains. Systems with a large number of elements may be susceptible to nonlinear interactions, perturbation of which may lead to serious impacts. Thus, there is an increasing need to determine the importance of individual elements and how these elements interact. Published studies of supply chain resilience (SCRes) do not clearly determine the hierarchical structure of factors, and the understanding of interactions between factors remains fragmented. In this study, we proposed a cloud model-DEMATEL−ISM method to overcome the disadvantages of traditional DEMATEL−ISM integration methods. The MICMAC method (cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification) was also used to classify the enablers of SCRes based on driving force and dependence force. We tested these approaches by studying the new energy vehicle industry in China. The results suggest that companies trying to strengthen SCRes should focus on enablers at the base layer with a high driving force, particularly the enablers of social capital, restructuring, risk management culture, information technology application, trust and collaboration, information sharing, and learning capability..

Integrated Approach for Safety Culture Factor Evaluation from a Sustainability Perspective.

Traditionally, sustainable development has been seen as a combination of three pillars: economic, social and environmental development. In recent years, another one has been added to these three pillars, namely culture, as being indispensable in achieving sustainable development. This study proposes an integrated approach for the identification and classification of safety culture factors in the company in a sustainability context. The research design was based on the assumption that safety culture is part of organizational culture that should support the development of corporate sustainability. Firstly, the identification of the safety culture factors (SCFs) based on the literature review was presented. Then, the ISM method was used to identify the interaction between SCFs and to develop the hierarchical structure of these factors. In the next step, ISM was integrated with the MICMAC method to cluster the factors based on driving power and dependence power into four categories. Finally, safety culture factors with high driving power were rated using the fuzzy TOPSIS method from the sustainability dimension perspective. This approach was used in an automotive industry company to improve and develop the company’s practices aimed at implementing a sustainable development strategy. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to monitor the robustness of the approach.

Connecting reverse logistics with circular economy in the context of Industry 4.0

PurposeReverse logistics (RL) has become integral in modern supply chains, with many companies investing in circular economy (CE), a recuperative and effective industrial economy. The traditional linear model triggered many negative environmental consequences such as climate change, ocean pollution, loss of biodiversity and land degradation. The development of RL strategies that support the transition between RL to CE is crucial. The purpose of this paper is to connect RL with CE in the context of Industry 4.0 and develop a hierarchal structure to explore the relationship between RL and CE critical success factors in the context of Industry 4.0.Design/methodology/approachThis study used both qualitative and quantitative approach. Literature review in collaboration with the Delphi method is used to identify and validate critical success factors. Then, the ISM-based model and MICMAC method were used to determine the relationship between CE and RL success factors and its driving and dependence power.FindingsThis study result shows that waste reduction, skilled employees and expert's involvement and top management commitment and support will provide guidelines and paths for implementing CE and RL, leading to the competitiveness of a firm.Practical implicationsThe findings provide managerial insight, particularly useful to third-party logistics companies' managers who are looking to implement RL and CE, to help prioritize where to invest company resources to generate prime difference. Furthermore, this study also identified Industry 4.0 technologies, which would tackle top identified critical success factors within the hierarchical model such as block chain and digital platforms.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature by exploring the connection between RL and CE in the context of Industry 4.0 that determines the critical success factors enabling sustainable inter-firm collaboration.