MG-63 Cells Research Articles

Electrospun Poly(L-Lactic Acid)/Gelatin Hybrid Polymer as a Barrier to Periodontal Tissue Regeneration.

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and PLLA/gelatin polymers were prepared via electrospinning to evaluate the effect of PLLA and gelatin content on the mechanical properties, water uptake capacity (WUC), water contact angle (WCA), degradation rate, cytotoxicity and cell proliferation of membranes. As the PLLA concentration increased from 1 wt% to 3 wt%, the tensile strength increased from 5.8 MPa to 9.1 MPa but decreased to 7.0 MPa with 4 wt% PLLA doping. The WUC decreased rapidly from 594% to 236% as the PLLA content increased from 1 to 4 wt% due to the increased hydrophobicity of PLLA. As the gelatin content was increased to 3 wt% PLLA, the strength, WUC and WCA of the PLLA/gelatin membrane changed from 9.1 ± 0.9 MPa to 13.3 ± 2.3 MPa, from 329% to 1248% and from 127 ± 1.2° to 0°, respectively, with increasing gelatin content from 0 to 40 wt%. However, the failure strain decreased from 3.0 to 0.5. The biodegradability of the PLLA/gelatin blend increased from 3 to 38% as the gelatin content increased to 40 wt%. The viability of L-929 and MG-63 cells in the PLLA/gelatin blend was over 95%, and the excellent cell proliferation and mechanical properties suggested that the tunable PLLA/gelatin barrier membrane was well suited for absorbable periodontal tissue regeneration.

Nanoscale hydroxyapatite/chitosan polymer coatings: Synthesis and characterization

AbstractThe present work involves the coating synthesis of nano‐hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHA/CS) on a Mg‐2 wt% Zn scaffold with the pulse electrodeposition (PED) technique. In practice, to render coatings more corrosion‐resistant and biocompatibility in simulated body fluids, the impact of PED factors, such as mean current density (j), a duty cycle, and coating duration (t), was investigated. Further, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, x‐ray diffraction, energy‐dispersion spectrometer, and water contact angle (WCA) were studied to characterize coatings. The corrosion resistance of coatings was investigated by impedance evaluations and potentiodynamic polarization. The results obtained from analyses revealed that the optimum conditions for synthesizing the nHA/CS coating were achieved when applying j = 20 mA/cm2, a duty cycle = 0.4, and a duration of 60 minutes. The coatings' microstructure and Ca/P ratio were influenced by PED factors, which included nano spherical‐shaped and 1.65. Furthermore, the corrosion rate was decreased from 19.603 to 1.492 mm yr−1 after being modified by optimum coating. Moreover, the high hydrophilic properties are assigned to this coating with a WCA of 29.9 compared to other coatings and the Mg scaffold. The biological properties of the optimum coating were assessed through in‐vitro experiments involving MG63 cells, which included the evaluations of cell adhesion and cytotoxicity. The results obtained from the corrosion and in‐vitro experiments indicate that the nanocomposite coating, upon optimization, holds potential as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering.Highlights Using Mg‐2 wt% Zn scaffold as a substrate for nanocomposite coatings. Pulse electrodeposition method for the synthesis of nano‐hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHA/CS) coatings. Pulse electrodeposition (PED) method to modify morphology, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Optimum PED parameters: j = 20 mA/cm2, duty cycle = 0.4, and t = 60 min.

Extrusion-based 3D printing of osteoinductive scaffolds with a spongiosa-inspired structure.

Critical-sized bone defects resulting from trauma, inflammation, and tumor resections are individual in their size and shape. Implants for the treatment of such defects have to consider biomechanical and biomedical factors, as well as the individual conditions within the implantation site. In this context, 3D printing technologies offer new possibilities to design and produce patient-specific implants reflecting the outer shape and internal structure of the replaced bone tissue. The selection or modification of materials used in 3D printing enables the adaption of the implant, by enhancing the osteoinductive or biomechanical properties. In this study, scaffolds with bone spongiosa-inspired structure for extrusion-based 3D printing were generated. The computer aided design process resulted in an up scaled and simplified version of the bone spongiosa. To enhance the osteoinductive properties of the 3D printed construct, polycaprolactone (PCL) was combined with 20% (wt) calcium phosphate nano powder (CaP). The implants were designed in form of a ring structure and revealed an irregular and interconnected porous structure with a calculated porosity of 35.2% and a compression strength within the range of the natural cancellous bone. The implants were assessed in terms of biocompatibility and osteoinductivity using the osteosarcoma cell line MG63 and patient-derived mesenchymal stem cells in selected experiments. Cell growth and differentiation over 14days were monitored using confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) quantification, gene expression analysis, and quantitative assessment of calcification. MG63 cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) adhered to the printed implants and revealed a typical elongated morphology as indicated by microscopy. Using DNA quantification, no differences for PCL or PCL-CaP in the initial adhesion of MG63 cells were observed, while the PCL-based scaffolds favored cell proliferation in the early phases of culture up to 7days. In contrast, on PCL-CaP, cell proliferation for MG63 cells was not evident, while data from PCR and the levels of calcification, or alkaline phosphatase activity, indicated osteogenic differentiation within the PCL-CaP constructs over time. For hMSC, the highest levels in the total calcium content were observed for the PCL-CaP constructs, thus underlining the osteoinductive properties.

3D Printing of Ti-6Al-4V-Based Porous-Channel Dental Implants: Computational, Biomechanical, and Cytocompatibility Analyses.

Objective: Loosening of dental implants due to resorption of the surrounding bone is one of the challenging clinical complications in prosthetic dentistry. Generally, stiffness mismatch between an implant and its surrounding bone is one of the major factors. In order to prevent such clinical consequences, it is essential to develop implants with customized stiffness. The present study investigates the computational and experimental biomechanical responses together with cytocompatibility studies of three-dimensional (3D)-printed Ti-6Al-4V-based porous dental implants with varied stiffness properties. Methods: Additive manufacturing (direct metal laser sintering, DMLS) was utilized to create Ti-6Al-4V implants having distinct porosities and pore sizes (650 and 1000 μm), along with a nonporous (solid) implant. To validate the compression testing of the constructed implants and to probe their biomechanical response, finite element models were employed. The cytocompatibility of the implants was assessed using MG-63 cells, in vitro. Results: Both X-ray microcomputed tomography (μ-CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies illustrated the ability of DMLS to produce implants with the designed porosities. Biomechanical analysis results revealed that the porous implants had less stiffness and were suitable for providing the appropriate peri-implant bone strain. Although all of the manufactured implants demonstrated cell adhesion and proliferation, the porous implants in particular supported better bone cell growth and extracellular matrix deposition. Conclusions: 3D-printed porous implants showed tunable stiffness properties with clinical translational potential.

Enhancing biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of laser cladding β-TiNb coatings

β-type TiNb biomedical alloys have received quite significant attention rooted in their excellent comprehensive performance. Nevertheless, their practical application is hampered by relatively poor performance and biological toxicity. Herein, TixNb alloy coatings were fabricated on the surface of Ti6Al4V (TC4) by laser cladding to evade the property-toxicity trade-off. Biocompatibility and mechanical properties, as well as the corrosion resistance of the TixNb alloy coatings, were discussed. The results show that the microstructure is composed of β grains and a small amount of the α″ martensite phase uniformly precipitated around them. The rapid melting process of laser cladding promotes the formation of the β phase, which improves the microhardness and wear resistance of the coating. However, the corrosion resistance was significantly improved due to the formation of the densification and stabilization of the passive films formed on the coating’s surface. Benefiting from the superior wettability and the biologically active sites of Ti and Nb on the alloy surface, MG-63 cells adhered to the coating’s surfaces in spindle shape and proliferated rapidly in cell experiments, denoting that the coatings have better biocompatibility than TC4. Hereby, the obtained TixNb laser cladding coatings with excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility have extensive application prospects in the field of orthopedic biomaterials.

3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffolds coated with beta tricalcium phosphate for bone regeneration

3D-printing technology is an important tool for the bone tissue engineering (BTE). The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds and modified mesh PCL coated with beta TCP (PCL/β-TCP) scaffolds with MG-63. This study used the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique with the 3D printing technique to fabricate the thermoplastic polymer and composite scaffolds. Scaffold structure and coating quality were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). MG-63 cells were injected and attached to the mesh-manufactured PCL scaffolds. The biocompatibility of mesh structured PCL and PCL/β-TCP scaffolds could be examined by measuring the viability of MG-63 cells of MTT assay. Bone cell differentiation was evaluated ALP activity by mineralization assay. The results showed that both mesh PCL scaffolds and PCL/β-TCP scaffolds were non-toxic to the cells. The ALP activities of cells in PCL/β-TCP scaffolds groups were significant differences and better than PCL groups in all groups at all experimental dates. The mineralization process was time-dependent, and significantly higher mineralization of osteosarcoma cells was observed on PCL/β-TCP scaffolds at experimental dates. We concluded that both meshes structured PCL and PCL/β-TCP scaffolds could promote the MG-63 cell growth, and PCL/β-TCP was better than the PCL scaffolds for the outcome of MG63 cell differentiation and mineralization.

Effect of debinding on alumina specimens and ultra-thin veneer fits using solvent-based stereolithography

The solvent-based ceramic slurry stereolithography (3S) technique offers a novel approach to fabricating complex structures, yet its potential in the realm of alumina specimens and ultra-thin veneers remains underexplored. The present study assessed the impact of the debinding process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 3S-fabricated alumina specimens, while also evaluating the fit of ultra-thin veneers with a thickness of just 0.3 mm. The results indicated that variations in debinding parameters—such as different rates and holding times—do not significantly affect surface morphology, density, Vickers hardness, or flexural strength. Additionally, the cell viability of 3S-fabricated specimens exceeded 90% for both MG-63 and NIH-3T3 cells, suggesting excellent biocompatibility. The mean marginal and internal gaps of the 3S-fabricated veneers were within clinically acceptable ranges, measuring 93.38 ± 29.53 μm and 130 ± 46.1 μm, respectively. These groundbreaking insights not only validate the robustness of the 3S fabrication technique but also highlight its promising potential for biomedical applications, distinguishing this research in the field.

Evaluation of the effects of zein incorporation on physical, mechanical, and biological properties of polyhydroxybutyrate electrospun scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications

Materials and fabrication methods significantly influence the scaffold's final features in tissue engineering. This study aimed to blend zein with polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) at 5, 10, and 15 wt%, fabricate scaffolds using electrospinning, and then characterize them. SEM and mechanical analyses identified the scaffold with 10 wt% zein (PHB-10Z) as the optimal sample. Incorporating 10 wt% zein reduced fiber diameter from 894 ± 122 to 531 ± 42 nm while increasing ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break by approximately 53 % and 70 %, respectively. FTIR proved zein's presence in the scaffolds and possible hydrogen bonding with PHB. TGA confirmed the miscibility of polymers. DSC and XRD analyses indicated lower crystallinity for the PHB-10Z than for PHB. AFM evaluation indicated a rougher surface for the PHB-10Z in comparison to PHB. The PHB-10Z demonstrated a more hydrophobic surface and less weight loss after 100 days of degradation in PBS than PHB. The free radical scavenging assay exhibited antioxidant activity for the zein-containing scaffold. Eventually, enhanced cell attachment, viability, and differentiation in the PHB-10Z scaffold drawn from SEM, MTT, ALP activity, and Alizarin red staining of MG-63 cells confirmed that PHB-zein electrospun scaffold is a potent candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.

Gossypetin Is a Novel Modulator of Inflammatory Cytokine Production and a Suppressor of Osteosarcoma Cell Growth.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common childhood sarcoma, and its treatment is hindered by adverse effects, chemoresistance, and recurrence. Interleukin (IL)-6 production by tumors plays a significant role in inflammation, carcinogenesis, and metastasis. This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative potential of luteolin derivatives in OS and to evaluate interleukin production. MG-63, Saos-2, HOS, and 143B human OS cell lines were incubated with luteolin and eight derivatives containing hydroxy, chlorine, or alkyl substitutions. The cell viability and growth were evaluated in the presence of these compounds. Apoptosis was also examined through the analysis of the Bax expression and caspase-3 activity. Finally, the gossypetin effects were measured regarding the production of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and IL-12p70. Our findings show that gossypetin was the most potent compound, with proliferation-suppressing activities that induced a series of critical events, including the inhibition of the cell viability and growth. Apoptosis was associated with enhanced caspase-3 activity and increased Bax expression, indicating the involvement of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Moreover, pre-/co-treatment with gossypetin significantly reduced the autocrine production of proinflammatory cytokines. Further investigation is required; nevertheless, considering the link between inflammation, carcinogenesis, and metastasis in OS, our findings suggest that gossypetin exhibits anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties that are potentially relevant in the clinical context.

Design, synthesis and anti-osteosarcoma activity study of novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives by inhibiting DKK1-Wnt/β-catenin pathway

Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents. Wnt/β-catenin has been proved to play a pro-oncogenic role and was overactivated in osteosarcoma. Therefore, this pathway has become an interesting therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Herein we report the design, synthesis and biological activities of a series of novel pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives based on our previous work. Among these, the representative compound 2-{[1,3-dimethyl-7-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]amino}-N-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]acetamide (7m) has exhibited good antiproliferative activity towards 143B and MG63 cells with good selectivity over non-cancerous HSF cells. In the assay of Ca2+ concentration, the compound 7m increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration in 143B cells. In addition, the expression of DKK1 increased, and that of p-β-catenin decreased by 7m treatment. Finally, the Hoechst 33,342 staining, Annexin-FITC/PI staining and mitochondrial fluorescence staining have clearly demonstrated that compound 7m induced apoptosis in 143B cells.

Response of Osteoblasts on Amine-Based Nanocoatings Correlates with the Amino Group Density.

Increased life expectancy in industrialized countries is causing an increased incidence of osteoporosis and the need for bioactive bone implants. The integration of implants can be improved physically, but mainly by chemical modifications of the material surface. It was recognized that amino-group-containing coatings improved cell attachment and intracellular signaling. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the amino group density in this positive cell behavior by developing controlled amino-rich nanolayers. This work used covalent grafting of polymer-based nanocoatings with different amino group densities. Titanium coated with the positively-charged trimethoxysilylpropyl modified poly(ethyleneimine) (Ti-TMS-PEI), which mostly improved cell area after 30 min, possessed the highest amino group density with an N/C of 32%. Interestingly, changes in adhesion-related genes on Ti-TMS-PEI could be seen after 4 h. The mRNA microarray data showed a premature transition of the MG-63 cells into the beginning differentiation phase after 24 h indicating Ti-TMS-PEI as a supportive factor for osseointegration. This amino-rich nanolayer also induced higher bovine serum albumin protein adsorption and caused the cells to migrate slower on the surface after a more extended period of cell settlement as an indication of a better surface anchorage. In conclusion, the cell spreading on amine-based nanocoatings correlated well with the amino group density (N/C).

Cu(II)-acylhydrazone complex, a potent and selective antitumor agent against human osteosarcoma: Mechanism of action studies over in vitro and in vivo models

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a frequent bone cancer, affecting largely children and young adults. Cisplatin (CDDP) has been efficacious in the treatment of different cancer such us OS but the development of chemoresistance and important side effects leading to therapeutic failure. Novel therapies including copper compounds have shown to be potentially effective as anticancer drugs and one alternative to usually employed platinum compounds.The goal of this work is the evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo antitumoral activity and dilucidate the molecular target of a Cu(II) cationic complex containing a tridentate hydrazone ligand, CuHL for short, H2L=N'-'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)thiophene-2-carbohydrazide, against human OS MG-63 cells.Anticancer activity on MG-63 cell line was evaluated in OS monolayer and spheroids. CuHL significantly impaired cell viability in both models (IC50 2D: 2.1 ± 0.3 μM; 3D: 9.1 ± 1.0 μM) (p < 0.001). Additional cell studies demonstrated the copper compound inhibits cell proliferation and conveys cells to apoptosis, determined by flow cytometry. CuHL showed a great genotoxicity, evaluated by comet assay. Proteomic analysis by Orbitrap Mass Spectometry identified 27 differentially expressed proteins: 17 proteins were found overexpressed and 10 underexpressed in MG-63 cells after the CuHL treatment. The response to unfolded protein was the most affected biological process.In addition, in vivo antitumor effects of the compound were evaluated on human OS tumors xenografted in nude mice. CuHL treatment, at a dose of 2 mg/kg i.p., given three times/week for one month, significantly inhibited the progression of OS xenografts and was associated to a reduction in mitotic index and to an increment of tumor necrosis (p < 0.01). Administration of standard-of-care cytotoxic agent CDDP, following the same treatment schedule as CuHL, failed to impair OS growth and progression.

Beyond Molecular Recognition: A Perylene Bisimide Derivative as a Functional Mimic of Chlorpyrifos.

Supramolecular assemblies of perylene bisimide derivative (PBI-SAH) have been developed which show 'turn-on' detection of chlorpyrifos in aqueous media, apple residue and blood serum. Differently from the already reported fluorescent probes for the detection of CPF, PBI-SAH assemblies also show affinity for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) which endow the PBI-SAH molecules with mixed inhibitory potential to restrict the AChE catalysed hydrolysis of acetylthiocholine (ATCh) in MG-63 cell lines (in vitro) and in mice (in vivo). The molecular docking studies support the inhibitory activity of PBI-SAH assemblies and their potential to act as safe insecticide with high benefit to harm ratio. The insecticidal potential of PBI-SAH derivative has been examined against Spodoptera litura (S. litura) and these studies demonstrate its excellent insecticidal activity (100 % mortality in nineteen days). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report regarding development of PBI-SAH assemblies which not only detect chlorpyrifos but also mimic AChE inhibitory activity of CPF to show promising aptitude as safe insecticide.

The Study on the Morphology and Compression Properties of Microcellular TPU/Nanoclay Tissue Scaffolds for Potential Tissue Engineering Applications.

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) materials have shown promise in tissue engineering applications due to their mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, the addition of nanoclays to TPU can further enhance its properties. In this study, the effects of nanoclays on the microstructure, mechanical behavior, cytocompatibility, and proliferation of TPU/nanoclay (TPUNC) composite scaffolds were comprehensively investigated. The dispersion morphology of nanoclays within the TPU matrix was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the nanoclays exhibited a well-dispersed and intercalated structure, which contributed to the improved mechanical properties of the TPUNC scaffolds. Mechanical testing revealed that the addition of nanoclays significantly enhanced the compressive strength and elastic resilience of the TPUNC scaffolds. Cell viability and proliferation assays were conducted using MG63 cells cultured on the TPUNC scaffolds. The incorporation of nanoclays did not adversely affect cell viability, as evidenced by the comparable cell numbers between nanoclay-filled and unfilled TPU scaffolds. The presence of nanoclays within the TPUNC scaffolds did not disrupt cell adhesion or proliferation. The incorporation of nanoclays improved the dispersion morphology, enhanced mechanical performance, and maintained excellent biocompatibility. These findings suggest that TPUNC composites have great potential for tissue engineering applications, providing a versatile and promising scaffold material for regenerative medicine.

Feasibility of magnetite-poly(n-isopropylacrilamide) smart nanocarriers containing doxorubicin for cancer therapeutic applications

The current study introduces a novel smart magnetic nanocarrier based on poly (n-isopropylacrilamide). Initially, magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized via the co-precipitation method and revealed an average size of 72 ± 10 nm. XRD confirmed the magnetite structure, and VSM showed a saturation magnetization of 69.63 emu/g for the synthesized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. The optimized nanoparticle was then encapsulated within poly (n-isopropylacrylamide) at 5, 10, and 15 wt%, using an electro-spraying system. A range of techniques were applied to fully characterize the resultant smart magnetic nanocarriers. The FTIR results confirmed the successful loading of doxorubicin drug. Results revealed a faster drug release at higher temperatures, and at an acidic pH (37 °C and pH = 5.1). According to the release profile, 26.6% of the drug release had occurred in an acidic environment, while about 23.2% was detected at pH = 7.1. The presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles allowed for a more controlled drug release. In vitro studies using MG63 cell line demonstrated non-cytotoxic results for the polymeric nanocarriers, and revealed a reduced cell viability in the presence of doxorubicin, confirming the effectiveness of the nanocarrier. Overall, the results demonstrate the feasibility of the optimized nanocarrier system for cancer therapeutic applications, and highlight its potential for simultaneous chemotherapy and hyperthermia.

Thermal necrosis in orthopedic bone tumors: experimental research.

The extent of surgical resection in orthopedic oncology differs according to tumor biology. While malignant bone tumors are operatively managed with wide resection, benign bone tumors and metastatic carcinomas are often treated through intralesional excision and adjuvant modalities, including the elimination of residual neoplastic cells through thermal necrosis. This study investigates in vitro temperature thresholds for thermal necrosis in common orthopedic bone tumors. Eleven cell lines, including metastatic carcinomas to bone (A549, A498, FU-UR-1, PC3, MDA-MB-231, TT, MCF7, and K1), giant cell tumor of bone, osteosarcoma (HG-63), and control non-neoplastic cells (HEK293) were cultured. Cells were exposed to thermal stress at varying times and temperatures and evaluated for survival and viability with crystal violet and MTT assays. Both the MTT and crystal violet assay demonstrated statistically superior rates of viability and survival for A549 (lung carcinoma), FU-UR-1 (renal carcinoma), K1 (thyroid carcinoma), and MG-63 (osteosarcoma) cell lines compared to control (HEK293 cells) at 60°C. Additionally, the MTT assay demonstrated superior viability for PC3 (prostate carcinoma), MCF7 (breast carcinoma), and A498 (renal carcinoma) compared to control. All cell lines demonstrated significantly decreased survival and viability in temperatures more than 90°C. This study demonstrated in vitro thresholds for thermal necrosis for cell lines of common orthopedic tumors of bone. The A549 (lung carcinoma), K1 (thyroid carcinoma), and FU-UR-1 (renal carcinoma) cell lines demonstrated greater resistance to heat stress compared to non-neoplastic control cells. Temperatures in excess of 90°C are necessary to reliably reduce cell survival and viability to less than 10%.

Ceragenin-CSA13 loaded high strength coatings of nano- and micro-SrHA implanted N-Carboxymethyl chitosan – Polyetheretherketone by low temperature high speed collision approach: In vitro pro-osteogenicity and bactericidal activity against MRSA

Cationic steroid antimicrobials (CSA13) loaded in the uniform coatings synthesized by micro and nano sized particles of strontium substituted hydroxyapatite implanted into the surface of N-carboxymethyl chitosan (N-CMCh) pre-embedded on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) substrate and their biocompatibility and antibacterial efficacy were investigated. Release of CSA13 from the nano SrHA implanted substrate showed faster release of the drug till 48 h with a release of 48% of total drug. It was found that CSA13 rich nano SrHA implanted substrate damaged the Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus biofilm mass in 30 h, while micron sized SrHA implanted substrate reduced the biofilm mass to 27% at the same culture period. MG63 cell viability on these specimens exhibited significant cell growth even in the presence of CSA13. Nano SrHA implanted substrate showed better biocompatibility simultaneously providing antibacterial efficacy than the micro sized coating. The sustained release of CSA13 from the nano Sr-HA coating could be beneficial for long term eradication of infection. In silico docking approach between CSA13 and 1VQQ penicillin binding protein 2a from MRSA strain showed strong negative binding energy of (−) 68.78 kcal/mol demonstrating an in-visual predicting anti-bacterial efficacy.

Use of Various UVC Photofunctionalization Times to Modify Surface Characteristics and Enhance the Biologic Activity of SLA Titanium.

To evaluate the effect of ultraviolet-C light (UVC) photofunctionalization treatment time on the biologic activity of airborne particle-abraded and acid-etched (SLA) titanium surfaces and to analyze its physical and chemical mechanisms. SLA titanium was treated with UVC light for different lengths of time (10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 24 hours), and then changes to its surface characteristics were evaluated via electron microscope scanning, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), water contact angle measurement, and zeta potential measurement. The effect of UVC photofunctionalization on the biologic processes of SLA titanium surfaces was assessed by analyzing the bovine serum albumin adsorption, adhesion, proliferation, morphology, and alkaline phosphatase activity of MG-63 cells. UVC irradiation did not change the topography of SLA titanium surfaces. As treatment times increased, the water contact angle decreased from 120 degrees to 0 degrees, and the hydrocarbon content decreased. Zeta potential testing showed increased surface potential of photofunctionalized titanium. In vitro testing showed that cell adhesion, proliferation, morphology, and alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity on titanium surfaces were significantly improved by UVC photofunctionalization. UVC photofunctionalization can improve the biologic activity of SLA titanium surfaces by removing hydrocarbons and increasing the surface potential of titanium.

Hyaluronic acid/cellulose acetate polymeric mixture containing binary metal oxide nano-hybrid as low biodegradable wound dressing

Wound dressing from a polymeric mixture of cellulose acetate (CA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) embedded with copper oxide (CuO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles as a scaffold was successfully fabricated. Several methods, including X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), contact angle, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were employed to characterize the prepared nanocomposite samples. The data obtained from XRD showed that pure HA with diffraction peaks at 2θ = 20.8°, 46.7°, and 63.2° that assigned to the semi-crystalline nature of HA. At the same time, the XRD pattern of the CuO@CA nanocomposites revealed the presence of a sharp crystalline peak at 2θ = 36°, representing the presence of the CuO nanomaterial. In addition, the typical cubic MgO peaks in the MgO@CA showed the pattern at 2θ = 43.1° and 62.5°. Furthermore, the diffraction pattern of CuO/MgO@HA/CA film shows strong crystallinity since its diffraction peaks are stated at 2θ = 8.8°, 13.01°, 29.6°, and 53.5° which represents CuO nanoparticles and the polycrystalline cubic structure of MgO nanoparticles exhibit several peaks at 2θ = 29.4°, 31°, 38.7°, 42.2°, and 63°. FTIR spectra of CuO/MgO@HA/CA displayed bands at 657 cm−1 and 843 cm−1 which correspond to the broadening vibration mode for the Mg-O-Mg and the existence of Mg-O vibrations, while the single band for CuO was shown at 1556 cm−1. SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles of copper oxide and magnesium oxide are evenly distributed throughout the polymer mass with the clean surface of the polymer with the appearance of nanoparticles with rough size and distribution in regions of varied densities by adding binary metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO/MgO@HA/CA). Furthermore, swelling rate percent, contact angle, and degradation behavior studies showed that the swelling rate percent of the polymer mixture film decreased when adding nanometal oxide. Contact angle was increased by incorporating the metal oxide nanoparticles in the polymeric mixture structure. Moreover, the degradation behavior of prepared samples showed lower rates of deterioration and the sample containing a mixture of metal oxide nanoparticles (CuO/MgO@HA/CA) exhibits a lower weight loss value when compared to HA, HA/CA, and CA samples. Human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells were used in in-vitro cytotoxicity tests. CuO/MgO@HA/CA sample treatment on cells suggests a non-cytotoxic impact, in contrast to the MTT test, which yields cell viability values of between 70% and 80% (72 h).

Osteogenesis and cytocompatibility compression of cerium and gallium doped mesoporous bioactive glass-ceramics

Bone defects have recently become one of the biggest problems for surgeons. This study aims to compression osteogenic properties of cerium and gallium doping in mesoporous bioactive glass-ceramics (MBGCs). MBGCs are synthesized using sol-gel method through evaporation induced self-assembly technique. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) revealed size of nanoparticle in MBGCs is ∼29 nm. The impact of cerium and gallium ions on ceramics was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 29Si Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopic methods. Images of samples taken with a transmission electron microscope show aggregated particles with irregular forms. MBGCs doped with cerium and gallium in vitro biocompatibility investigations do not show any cytotoxicity towards MG63 cells and also have considerably improved osteogenic properties. Overall, Ga doped MBGCs with desired osteogenesis properties compared to Ce doped MBGCs, and Ga doped MBGCs offers encouraging possibilities for the effective repair of bone fractures with implants.