Psychodiagnostic Methods Research Articles

Перспективы использования психофизиологических методов для оценки стрессоустойчивости в ситуации профессионального психологического отбора

<p style="text-align: justify;">The study is aimed at developing the problem of increasing the reliability and objectivity of professional selection. Psychodiagnostic methods used in professional selection have a common drawback: their result is quite easy to falsify. The purpose of the study is to explore the possibilities of psychophysiological methods in solving problems of psychological diagnostics. Hypothesis: the intensity of emotional and physiological reactions to stressful stimuli is positively related to the level of neuroticism and negatively to the stress resistance of the participants in the experiment. The sample consisted of students in the amount of 16 people (11 girls) aged 17 to 21 years. A modified Eysenck personality questionnaire and a test by Cohen and Willianson were used. The experiment consisted in presenting stressful video material to the participants and simultaneously fixing their mimic and physiological reactions. It was found that the intensity of the manifestation of the emotion of sadness is positively associated with low stress tolerance, and the severity of the emotion of happy is positively associated with the level of neuroticism (p<0.05). The revealed effects are both of applied importance in the context of professional selection, and are of independent theoretical interest.</p>

Current Assessment Methods of Investigator's Psychological Readiness for Professional Activities: Improvement Perspectives

Despite the fact that this category of psychological readiness for professional activity is actively considered and researched, scientists do not have a consensus on its semantic content. This situation complicates the development and implementation of the methodological apparatus. Summarising the theoretical analysis, it can be noted that the intersection of the concepts of “psychological readiness” and “professional activity of an investigator” is insignificant. The foregoing allows us to formulate the purpose of the article, which is to find out the ways to improve the assessment of investigators' psychological readiness for professional activity. The aim involves the following tasks: 1) to identify the structure of investigators' psychological readiness for professional activity; 2) to select and analyse the available psychodiagnostic methods aimed at identifying the level of psychological readiness for professional activity of representatives of high-risk professions; 3) to find out the prospects for improving the methodology for assessing investigators' psychological readiness for professional activity. The research methodology included the following steps: 1) analysis of the available options for the structure of psychological readiness as such; 2) substantiation of the author's approach to the structure of psychological readiness of investigators for professional activity; 3) selection of psychodiagnostic methods used to determine the psychological readiness of individuals for high-risk professional activity; 4) finding a correspondence between the parameters studied using psychodiagnostic methods and the components of the structure of psychological readiness of investigators for professional activity; 5) mathematical and statistical analysis of the effectiveness of the psychological readiness of investigators for professional activity. The theoretical and methodological analysis of the research allowed us to develop an approach to considering the structure of psychological readiness of investigators for professional activity. The structure of psychological readiness includes five components: 1) intellectual and cognitive; 2) emotional and volitional: 3) behavioural and reactive; 4) moral and ethical; 5) value-evaluation. The study revealed that psychodiagnostic techniques used in the practice of identifying psychophysiological characteristics of representatives of high-risk professions characterise the structure of investigators' psychological readiness for professional activity unevenly. The behavioural and reactive component can be measured most adequately, and the emotional and volitional component more or less adequately. The degree of representation of methods for determining the peculiarities of the value-evaluation component is insufficient. The possibility of measuring the intellectual-cognitive and moral-ethical components is extremely low and as such does not reflect real needs.

THE INFLUENCE OF DISHARMONOUS CHILD-PARENT RELATIONSHIPS ON THE EMERGENCE OF ADDICTIVE TENDENCIES IN ADOLESCENT AGE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM

The article highlights the current issue of peculiarities of emergence of addictive tendencies in adolescence based on child-parent relations in the family. On the basis of psychodiagnostic methods, it was found that various forms of inadequate upbringing in the family (high demandingness of parents, high strictness of parents, high control in relation to the child, emotional distance of parents, denial of the child by parents, lack of cooperation between parents and child, disagreement between the child and by parents, parental inconsistency, parental authority) lead to a predisposition to certain types of addictions, which differ between high school and college students. These types of addictions include: alcohol addiction, Internet and computer addiction, love addiction, drug addiction, game addiction, nicotine addiction, food addiction, intersex addiction, workaholism, television addiction, religious addiction, addiction to a healthy life, drug addiction dependence. Among all types of addictions, according to the results of the study, school students are more prone to the following addictions: smoking (80%), gaming addiction (80%), food addiction (80%) and love addiction (76%). At the average level, they show a tendency to: addiction to alcohol, addiction to intersex relationships, drug addiction, addiction to the computer (Internet, social networks), addiction to a healthy lifestyle). Adolescent college students have among the prevailing tendencies towards addictions: addiction to the computer (Internet, social networks) (88%), addiction to intersex relationships (88%), addiction to a healthy lifestyle (80%). At the average level, students show tendencies towards the following addictions: alcohol addiction, gaming addiction, smoking addiction, food addiction, love addiction, drug addiction. Both schoolchildren and college students have a low level of addiction to the following types: religious addiction, television addiction, work addiction.

Dynamics of Psychological Characteristics of Female Patients of a Cosmetological Clinic During Treatment

Introduction. The relevance of the research is determined by the insufficient study of the psychological characteristics of female patients in the cosmetological clinic and the dynamics in the process of non-surgical correction and, in general, the psychological aspects of cosmetological treatment.The objective was to study the dynamics of the psychological characteristics of female patients of a cosmetological clinic in the process of medical correction.Methods and materials. Using psychodiagnostic methods “Neuropsychic Adaptation Test” (NPA), Wellness Index (WHO-V), Visual Analogue Scale, Big Five, Quality of Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (QL), 193 female patients of the cosmetological clinic (mean age 39.19±0.8 years) were examined in the period before treatment and 3 months after it. Data processed by SPSS v. 25.0 using Pearson’s χ2 and Wilcoxon’s Z tests.Results. The results showed statistically significant changes in the course of treatment of 11 out of 20 psychodiagnostic indicators reflecting the positive dynamics of the following psychological characteristics: the level of neuropsychiatric adaptation (р=0.014), the level of psychological well-being (р=0.000), perception of one’s appearance (р=0.000), individual characteristics of the personality “self-consciousness” (р=0.003) and “personal resources” (р=0.001), overall satisfaction with quality of life (р=0.000) and its individual components.Discussion. There are showed limitations and research prospects associated with the further expansion of the range of studied psychological characteristics, their relationship with the severity of a cosmetic defect and, in a broader context - with the determination of the role of psychosocial factors in the mechanisms of development and the effectiveness of correction of facial skin defects.

Selection of psychodiagnostic methods for identifying and studying professionally important qualities of operators of anti-aircraft missile systems

The increasing complexity of the tasks assigned to modern anti-aircraft missile systems and the conditions for their use necessitate taking into account the human factor and revising the requirements for operational personnel, due to the increasing impact of the psychological component of their professional activities. The effectiveness of the professional activities of operators of anti-aircraft missile systems is determined by the level of expression of a number of professionally important qualities. The formation of a set of informative standardized psychodiagnostic methods that make it possible to determine the level of professionally important qualities of operators of anti-aircraft missile systems at the stages of selection and training is an urgent task. The study of the effectiveness of the use of tests and questionnaires proposed in these works, their reliability and validity, made it possible to identify a set of the most suitable psychodiagnostic techniques. The selection of psychodiagnostic techniques was carried out taking into account their practicality in relation to the peculiarities of operator activity. This article updates the integral professionally important qualities characteristic of the professional activities of operators of anti-aircraft missile systems. The author pays special attention to the results of the study of existing methods for assessing professionally important qualities, and provides a set of selected psychodiagnostic methods for identifying and studying the professionally important qualities of operators of anti-aircraft missile systems. The use of selected psychodiagnostic techniques at the stages of selection and professional training of operators of anti-aircraft missile systems will reduce the screening of unsuitable persons during the training process, reduce the accident rate of serviced equipment due to personnel errors, increase the reliability of control systems, and also reduce the cost of training operators.

Features of professional stress of coders

The article presents the results of an empirical study that focuses on the characteristics of occupational stress of coders. The research sample consisted of programmers aged 22 to 55 years. Respondents who participated in the study have a higher technical education and live and work in the territory of the Russian Federation. The participants in the empirical study, conducted as part of this work, voluntarily expressed their willingness to participate in the survey. The methods used in the study allowed for a multifactor assessment of the symptoms of occupational stress of programmers and the identification of the degree of its expression and qualitative characteristics among the surveyed. Psychodiagnostic methods aimed at determining the severity of occupational stress and the diagnosis of the formation of phases and symptoms of burnout, were selected for the study. To process the data obtained from the respondents through the Integral Diagnostics and Correction of Occupational Stress (IDICS) methodology developed by Leonova A.B., a corresponding computer program was used. The data obtained as a result of the conducted research allowed us to consider various aspects of the severity of occupational stress of the survey sample. The resulting assessment of the stress level made it possible to identify the main high and extremely high indicators of the severity of occupational stress of the respondents, diagnosed as part of a multi-level assessment of professional stress, indicate the relevance of considering the formation of a set of measures to prevent the occurrence of occupational stress of coders. In accordance with the research materials on the formation of phases and symptoms of burnout syndrome, the phases of tension and resistance are most formed among the surveyed programmers. Based on the data obtained from the analysis of the results of the preventive part of the Integral Diagnostics and Correction of Occupational Stress (IDICS) methodology, the article formulates recommendations for selecting a set of optimization measures in accordance with the identified specificity of stress.

Досвід використання арипіпразолу у комплексному лікуванні ПТСР внаслідок війни в Україні

Досвід використання арипіпразолу у комплексному лікуванні ПТСР внаслідок війни в Україні

Влияние профессиональной деятельности сотрудников органов внутренних дел на стрессоустойчивость и психофизиологические процессы организма

The specific features of the activity of ATS employees have a significant impact on the personal and psychophysiological characteristics of individuals and can lead to the development of maladaptive States. Employees subject to emotional instability, chronic emotional stress causes changes in the personality structure, manifested in the strengthening of accentuation, deviant behavior, the occurrence of professional deformation. The study was conducted among the employees of the internal Affairs bodies, in the amount of 708 people sent to the Center for psychological diagnosis, for the purpose of psychoprophylactic examination. When assessing the reserves of mental and psychophysiological stability of employees, the reference criterion was the length of service in the internal Affairs bodies. The following psychodiagnostic methods were used: lüscher color test, the method of assessing the overall intellectual development of the “CAT”, standardized multifactorial method of personality research “Smith”. These methods made it possible to diagnose the presence or absence of signs of socio-mental maladjustment, the presence of accentuations and negative personal characteristics, the level of intellectual productivity. According to researches it is established that the period of service in law-enforcement bodies from 6 to 10 years is critical when there is a critical accumulation of emotional tension, and as a result — psychological mechanisms of protection of an organism weaken, owing to it functional violations in a state of health increase, psychosomatic diseases are formed. The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of the personality of employees of the internal Affairs bodies, which are more exposed to the development of the state of maladjustment in the process of official activity. As these factors, the stability of the emotional sphere and the stability of the functional reserves of the body were considered.

ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT AND FACTORS SUPPORTING THE SUBJECTIVE VITALITY OF A PERSON

The purpose of the article is to review the phenomenon of vitality according to various scientific theories; to analyze the possible causes of exhaustion and increase the vital energy of the individual; to analyze the results of an experimental study aimed at research of the psychological features of vitality on the example of parachute sports and yoga practice representatives; to describe the studied types of activity on the level of subjective well-being influence mechanism; to develop general recommendations for maintaining a person’s vital energy at a favorable level.
 The following methods were used. From the group of empirical methods: psychodiagnostic method (tests); from the group of methods of data analysis (processing): qualitative and quantitative analysis of the obtained results, methods of computer processing of experimental data. The method of subjective and dispositional vitality research of R. Ryan and K. Frederick was used. 270 respondents aged 22 to 50 took part in the study, among them 90 representatives of yoga practice, 90 representatives of parachute sports and 90 respondents of the control group. Empirical research was carried out on the basis of: Yoga Studio «Symmetry» and Yoga and Music Festival «Avatar»; JSC «Avia-Soyuz» DZ «Mayske». 
 A theoretical analysis of the subjective vitality as a psychological phenomenon is presented; its features from the point of view of various interpretations are highlighted. The psychological and physiological factors of increasing vital energy were analyzed and the reasons for its depletion were considered. An analysis of the conducted empirical research results was carried out, the purpose of which was to experimentally investigate the psychological features of subjective well-being among representatives of the practice of yoga and parachuting. The mechanism of the researched types of activity on the level of human vital energy influence is substantiated.
 As a result of the conducted research, a high level of subjective well-being as a state and dispositional well-being as a personal quality was determined in representatives of yoga practice and representatives of parachuting sports. A comparative analysis of the results with the indicators of the control group was carried out, which indicates a direct positive effect of the yoga practice and parachuting on the general level of vital energy of the individual. It was determined that the parachutist’s level of subjective well-being decreases at the end of the jump season. Special general recommendations for maintaining the investigated indicator at a favorable level have been developed.
 Key words: vitality, vital energy, personal potential, subjective well-being, yoga, meditation, parachuting, extreme.

Psychosocial factors of psychological maladaptation in female patients of a cosmetology clinic

Introduction. In the field of aesthetic medicine, there is a lack of psychological research despite the obvious impact of cosmetic defects on the emotional state and social functioning of a person. Only a few studies indicate psychological maladaptation in patients of a cosmetology clinic, which is reflected in the frequency of the occurrence of anxiety, depression and personality disorders exceeding their levels in population. The objective was to identify psychosocial factors associated with the risk of psychological maladaptation in female patients of the cosmetology clinic. Methods and materials. To achieve the goal, female patients (n=161, mean age was 39.53±0.86 years) were studied using the author’s structured interview and 7 psychodiagnostic methods: «Neuropsychic Adaptation Test» (NPA), «Social Frustration Level» (SFL), «Visual Analogue Self-Esteem Scale» (VASES), «Semantic Time Differential» (STD), «Perceived Stress Scale» (PSS-10), «Well-Being Index» (WHO-5), «Quality of Life Satisfaction Questionnaire» (QOL). Groups of female patients without psychological maladaptation (group 1, n=74) and those with psychological maladaptation (group 2, n=87), selected on the basis of the final NPA test score were compared. Results. The results showed a statistically significant predominance in group 2 compared to group 1 of the frequency of emotionally neutral relationships with their own children, of living alone, as well as dissatisfaction in significant areas of life, especially in the material economic sphere, in the sphere of self-accepting as a personality and one’s physical «Ego», in the sphere of attitude to past and present life. In group 2, higher rates of perceived stress and frequency of psychotraumatic situations in anamnesis as well as lower rates of general psychological well-being and satisfaction with the quality of life were revealed. Conclusion. The factors influencing the psychological maladaptation in female patients of the cosmetology clinic were identified. The prospects of the study associated with the determination of the most informative factors for the prognosis of psychological adaptation based on the analysis on not only psychological but also individual and personal characteristics in female patients of the cosmetology clinic were indicated.

The relationship between linguistic features of speech and psychological characteristics in schizophrenia spectrum disorders

IntroductionText analysis can significantly enrich ideas about the functioning of the psyche in mental illness.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify the linguistic features of texts written by people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and to study the relationship between them and the personality traits and indicators of the standard of living of patients.MethodsTwenty-nine patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (F20, F21, F23, F25 according to ICD-10) and 37 without mental disorders participated. All participants wrote a text on a given topic and filled in psychodiagnostic methods: a short version of the Big Five method (TIPI-RU), Q-Les-Q, and MOS SF-36. The text was analyzed using the phpMorphy morphological analysis library.ResultsA comparative analysis showed that in the speech of patients, there are fewer adjectives and more verbs than in the speech of healthy subjects (p<0.05) and that the volume of speech production in patients is significantly reduced (<0.001). The results of correlations of such data with the volume of words were contradictory. A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between the verbality index and the factors of extraversion and openness to experience in the clinical group. As for the indicators of quality of life, expectedly positive correlations between the use of adjectives and negative correlations of the use of verbs with the quality of life were revealed.ConclusionsStudying the linguistic features of the speech of patients with mental disorders is essential. These indicators can be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Психогігієнічна оцінка особливостей емоційного вигорання, астенічного і депресивного станів та агресивності студентів за умов дистанційного (on-line) навчання

The aim of the work was to perform a psychohygienic assessment the characteristics of the spread of emotional burnout’s features, asthenic and depressive states and aggression of students in the conditions of the use of remote (on-line) organization of educational activities. Materials and methods: The research was conducted on the basis of National Pyrohov Memorial Medical University. A complex of highly informative hygienic, medical-sociological and psychodiagnostic methods and the methods of statistical analysis was used. Results: When considering the leading characteristics of emotional burnout, first of all, it was necessary to pay attention to a significant increase in the level of expression of resistance phase indicators (р<0.05-0.01), characteristic of the organization of the educational process according to the auditorium format, against the background of completely stable expression indicators of the specified phase (p>0.05), characteristic of the organization of the educational process according to the remote format. In the course of research aimed at determining the correlates of the asthenic state, it was established that under the conditions of using the remote form of education, either a decrease in the degree of their expression was observed (young women), or the indicators stabilized at the initial level (young men). When determining the characteristics of changes in the leading correlates of depression, it was noticed that under the conditions of using the remote format of the organization of the educational process, either a significant decrease in the degree of their expression was observed (young women), or the indicators stabilized at the initial level (young men) too. During the analysis of indicators of aggressive personality manifestations, it should be noted that under the conditions of remote education, statistically significant changes were observed in the characteristics of physical aggression (p<0.05) and negativism (p<0.05). Conclusions: In the course the research the psychohygienic assessment of the personality traits of students in the conditions of application of a remote form of organization of educational activity was carried out. It is established that in the case of use on-line learning there is a significant increase in the degree of expression of the phase of tension of emotional burnout, the stable course of the processes of formation of asthenic and depressive states, a decrease in the level of physical aggression on the background of a pronounced increase in the degree of negativism in the structure of aggressive manifestations.

Usage of TRX equipment in the process of conducting physical and health classes for women of the first period of mature age

The article analyzes the state of research on the problem of finding ways to improve the psychophysical condition of women in the first period of mature age in the course of physical education and health classes. The purpose of the study is to scientifically substantiate the usage of TRX equipment in the process of conducting physical education and health training of women of the first period of mature age to improve their psychophysical condition. Research methodology: theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodical literature; pedagogical testing; pedagogical experiment; psycho-diagnostic methods; anthropometric methods; index method; functional research methods; methods of mathematical statistics. The study was conducted on the basis of the sports club "Pride" in the city of Dnipro. 24 women aged 22 to 29, who are engaged in fitness and have no health disorders, took part in the study. During the study, changes in indicators of the psychophysical state of women in the first period of mature age such as the level of physical development, the level of physical and functional preparedness, mental state were analyzed. It has been proved that the usage of TRX equipment in the process of conducting physical education classes had a positive effect on the indicators changes of the psychophysical state of women in the first period of mature age.

Особенности самоотношения несовершеннолетних правонарушителей

The article analyzes significant differences in the parameters of self-attitude of law-abiding adolescents and adolescents in a pre-trial detention center at the stage of investigative actions and after sentencing. It is shown that deviant behavior is the result of the frustration of the need for self-esteem in adolescence due to insufficient social competence. The study involved 86 adolescents aged 15-17 years: adolescent delinquents and students of grades 10-11 of the lyceum in Barnaul. Three psychodiagnostic methods were chosen as research methods. Data were obtained on changes in the parameters of self-attitude of adolescents after sentencing. The fact of sentencing also leads to an increase in psychological readiness to demonstrate antisocial patterns of behavior of convicted teenagers. During this period, the risk of manifesting antisocial behavior increases due to the choice of non-constructive strategies for adapting to the future. In conditions of forced restriction of freedom, self-relationship plays a supporting role, allowing one to find resources for adaptation to a new life situation. It is shown that the development of reflexive abilities, the formation of a positive self-esteem of a teenager is a reference point for his constructive socialization.

Корекція психофізіологічних показників курсантів засобами рукопашного бою

Purpose: to determine the influence of hand-to-hand combat training on psychophysiological indicators of cadets of higher military educational institutions. Material and methods. The study was conducted in the period from September 2021 to December 2021 on the basis of the Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub and was aimed at determining the dynamics of psychophysiological indicators of cadets. The study involved 45 cadets of the control group, who were engaged in the current program of sports and mass work and 32 cadets of the experimental group, who were engaged in the hand-to-hand combat section. The age of cadets is from 17 to 26 years. The research period was 4 months. To solve the problems of the study, the following research methods were used: theoretical analysis, systematization and generalization of data from scientific and methodological sources, pedagogical experiment, psychodiagnostic method of Bourdon-Anfimov's correctional test and methods of mathematical processing of the results. Results: during the experiment, the study of indicators of the qualities of attention and mental activity was conducted. After the pedagogical experiment, there was an improvement in the quality of mental activity (mental performance, accuracy of work, the amount of visual information) of representatives of both groups, the difference between the indicators of the cadets of the experimental and control groups was not statistically significant. At the same time, hand-to-hand combat training had a positive effect on the quality of attention of the cadets of the experimental group, which was statistically significantly better than that of the control group: the speed of attention of the cadets of the experimental group improved by 7,4% against 1,6% of the control group (p<0,05); concentration of attention, respectively, improved by 7,2% against 1,3% (p<0,05); attention sustainability improved by 14,4% against 2,1% (p<0,05); the speed of information processing improved by 7,2% against 3,1% (p<0,05). Conclusions. The results of the experiment indicate the expediency of using hand-to-hand combat in the program of special physical training of servicemen in order to correct the psychophysiological indicators of cadets characterizing the functions of attention.

Ideas About the Ideal Marriage Partner Depending on the Moral Orientation

The problem of forming ideas about an ideal marriage partner is addressed in the context of studying the influence of the moral orientation of the personality of modern young men and women. Ideas about marriage perform a guiding function in mastering the social role of the spouse. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of ideas about an ideal marriage partner (ideal husband, ideal wife) depending on the moral orientation of the personality of young men and women. Theoretical and methodological literature analysis, questionnaire, psycho-diagnostic methods (the methodology of "Personal Moral Self-determination" by A. E. Vorobieva, A. B. Kupreichenko, the method of Semantic Differential, developed by Charles E. Osgood, projective technique of "Incomplete Sentences", the questionnaire "Role Expectations and Claims in Marriage" by A. N. Volkova); mathematical and statistical data processing methods. The study involved 490 students. The moral orientation of the personality (egocentric, group-centric, humanistic, world-creating) is an individual factor that determines the originality of ideas about an ideal marriage partner among young men and women. Young women with a humanistic personality orientation are distinguished by the formation of cognitive, emotional and behavioral component in the images of "ideal husband" and "ideal wife". In the ideas about an ideal marriage partner, young men and women with a world-creating personality orientation record the greatest number of content characteristics.

Association of Non-Suicidal Self-Harm with Anxiety, Depression and Aggressive Behavior in Young Men of Military Age

Background: suicidal behavior, intentional self-harm and non-suicidal self-harm are important precursors of suicide in children and adolescents. The objective: to determine the prevalence and structure of non-suicidal self-harm, as well as the relationship of non-suicidal self-harming behavior with aggression, anxiety and depression in a non-clinical group of young men of military age. Participants and methods: the object of the study was 507 young men (from 18 to 27 years old). The average age of the examined was 19.32 years (± 2.35). Assessment of non-suicidal self-harm was carried out using a clinical interview and the scale of self-harming behavior (Polskaya N.A., 2014). The analysis of patterns of aggressive behavior was carried out with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) to identify the propensity to aggression, the assessment of anxiety and depression level was assessed on Beck Anxiety and Depression Scales (BAI; BDI). Results: the study showed a high prevalence of non-suicidal selfharm in the non-clinical population of young people (33.9%). Instrumental self-harm was committed at least once in a lifetime by 14.7% of the surveyed, somatic — 19.2%. The most common acts of instrumental self-harm are blows with a fist, foot, head or body body on hard surfaces and cuts with cutting objects. From somatic — biting nails and lips, biting cheeks and tongue, combing the skin and creating obstacles to wound healing were the most frequent. As a result of the correlation analysis of the links of acts of self-harm with the domains of the scale of propensity to aggression from instrumental self-harm, a significant positive correlation was found in relation to self-burns. Punching your body and pulling out your hair turned out to be associated with all domains of the aggression scale. Self-harming was accompanied by depressive symptoms. Symptoms of anxiety correlate with somatic self-harm — punching your body, scratching your skin and biting your cheeks or tongue. Conclusion: non-suicidal self-harm showed positive correlations with manifestations of aggression, anxiety and depression. Effective and evidence-based prevention programs can be implemented at the population, subpopulation and individual levels to timely identify self-harming behavior. At the stage of psychiatric examination of young people, it is advisable to include in the complex of psychodiagnostic methods scales aimed at identifying self-harm, anxiety, depression and aggressive behavior.

Psychological Defense Mechanisms of Military Service Members as a Personality Stabilization Regulatory System for Combat Mission Effectiveness

ABSTRACT This study's objective is to explore the psychological defense mechanisms of Ukrainian service members as a regulatory system for personality stabilization that influences combat mission effectiveness. The study was carried out during 2019–2020. The respondents were 270 military personnel of the ground forces, who had gained experience in the Anti-Terrorist Operation hostilities in the East of Ukraine in 2017–2020. We used psychodiagnostic methods such as the Lifestyle Index by Plutchik, Kellerman, and Conte; Lazarus’s Coping Test; and Leontiev’s Meaningful Life Orientations Test. Our work confirmed our research hypothesis that psychological defense mechanisms as part of the regulatory system of personality stabilization predetermine the effectiveness of the combat missions performed by military personnel of special branches. Military psychologists can use the results during their official training (psychological training and psycho-corrective measures) in order to acquire among the troops the required effectiveness in combat. Defense mechanisms will also contribute to the observance of military ethics, not least when faced with military immorality on the part of adversaries.

Characteristics of psychological well-being in mature individuals

In today's era of individuals being integrated into numerous social groups, aimed at mastering and performing various social roles, processing vast amounts of information, making rapid decisions, and overcoming challenges that require an expansion of adaptive resources while increasing psychological tension, the issue of psychological well-being in mature individuals has become particularly relevant. Objective. This study is associated with a theoretical analysis of the problem of psychological well-being and empirical research into its main components in mature age. Methods. To achieve the set objective, we used a combination of methods: theoretical methods - analysis, systematization, synthesis of scientific sources; empirical methods - surveys, interviews; psychodiagnostic methods - K. Zamfir Professional Activity Motivation Questionnaire, and the WAM (Well-being, Activity, Mood) questionnaire. The study involved 30 individuals aged 35 to 50 years. The results of the empirical study on the peculiarities of psychological well-being (motivation for professional activity, emotional state) revealed that internal motivation and external negative motivation dominate in mature individuals. Most respondents prioritize deriving satisfaction from both the process and the outcome of their professional activity, as well as full self-realization within it. A significant portion of the sample is motivated by the desire to avoid criticism and potential discomfort in their professional activities. Future prospects for further developments are seen in the development and testing of a program for optimizing the psychological well-being of mature individuals through physical culture means.

Формирование социального интеллекта студентов на основе развития эмоциональной гибкости и эмпатии

Importance. Within the framework of modern education reform, the training of an education specialist with a set of personal qualities formed on the basis of social intelligence acquires a special sound. However, the issue of scientific and methodological support for the development of this personality trait within the modern space of the university is ambiguous and far from its scientific solution and practical implementation in practice. The purpose of the research is to study the conditions for the formation of social intelligence, to discover the mechanisms of its relationship with the empathy of students of pedagogical training areas. Research methods. The following methods were used: content analysis of scientific literature on the topic of research, generalization, systematization, structuring of information, methods of psychodiagnostics, methods of mathematical statistics (correlation analysis). Results and Discussion. The relationship between social intelligence, emotional flexibility and the ability to understand and manage the emotions of respondents is revealed. In addition, one of the research tasks was to establish the connection of social intelligence with the level of empathy development. It should be noted that the majority of respondents have average and low indicators of emotional intelligence, which indicates an insufficient formation of personal qualities that affect self-motivation to any activity. Moreover, this circumstance affects the ability to recognize the emotions of other people. According to some scales, for example, “Managing one’s own emotions”, low results were revealed, so the inability and incorrect expression of one’s own emotions significantly complicates communication processes among students. High indicators of the “Moral normativity” scale indicate a competent self-assessment of social roles, a high orientation towards compliance with the norms of behavior at the university and in society as a whole. A correlation was found between empathy and emotional intelligence, adaptive potential and penetrating abilities in empathy, which can be used in the process of training of a specialist in the field of education. Conclusion. Practical application of the obtained results is possible for the development of psychological and pedagogical conditions and technologies for the development of social intelligence of students in the field of educational activity.