Psychodiagnostic Methods Research Articles

Využití psychodiagnostických metod v manažerské práci

The article focuses on the use of psycho-diagnostic methods in management and HR management. Various methods and their classification are described and analysed for their best uses. Authors of the article work with the premise that while psychology itself developed in a neutral clinical environment, eventually it spread to other areas, such as HR management, with a completely different overall approach towards the examined subject. Where clinical psychology focuses on diagnostics separated from real life, HR psychology examines employees and job candidates in specific situations. It is further influenced by the HR professional’s experience and own, subjective calibration. Most managers have no psychological background and tend to think in precise, measurable terms unattainable in psychology. Thus reliability, validity, objectivity, and standardization of results is of utmost importance to the applied psychological methods and the results these methods provide. There are various ways of classifying psychological diagnostic methods in management. These include factors such as individuality, administration, or time-scope. The authors, however, choose to look at these methods in terms of their use and purpose. Non testing methods are described first – observation, interview, anamnesis, and analysis of spontaneous products are introduced in detail. Following are personality and performance tests, analysis of their advantages and disadvantages and possible uses. The focus of the article lies in detailed analysis of selected psycho-diagnostic methods and their use in the recruitment process through the eyes of managers. The authors interviewed managers with experience in recruitment and selection of new employees and provided a brief overview of providers of each of the following analysed methods: Behavioural interview, Hogan Personality Index (HPI), Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), The Big Five Questionnaire (NEO), Belbin e-interplace, Achievement Motivation Inventory (LMI) and the Bochum Personality questionnaire (BIP). The outcome includes basic recommendations for the use of various psycho-diagnostic tools. The most important is the need for the identification of employee selection criteria. Appropriate psycho-diagnostic tools can be selected only once these criteria are well defined. The various tool providers often organise pilot runs to create diagnostic models that are tailored to specific job positions or clients. Such models are often reliable, and their providers should be able to provide data about empirical test results, standardization of the used methods and detailed user and evaluation manuals. Evaluation reports for each candidate are a standard feature of such solutions. Further recommendations are: psycho-diagnostic tools are not the only source of information about candidates, the number of candidates and the overall time-frame designated for the hiring process play an important role too, some methods are good only for screening while other methods require professional psychologists. Some methods are better for specific positions or can be used to sieve candidates in the first round of the hiring process. And finally, the various tools can be combined for better results which should always be evaluated not in their absolute values but in relation to the desired position and the required competencies.

Ethical Consciousness of University Students in the Context of Postmodernism

The article describes theoretical views on the development of ethical consciousness in Ukrainian university students in the context of postmodernism, using the data from quasi-experimental psycho-pedagogical measurements. The article aims to specify the process of developing structural components of ethical consciousness in Ukrainian university students, who de facto (culturally and socially) are still gaining the experience of late postmodernity. The following methods were used at the propaedeutic, quasi-experimental and resumptive levels: theoretical-methodological analysis of relevant scientific-methodical sources; selection of relevant diagnostic methods; modelling of educational conditions; psychodiagnostic methods; methods of mathematical statistics; summarization. The necessary data were collected, with the observance of all ethical norms, at the premises of Ukrainian higher education institutions, with the participation of 280 students-respondents (Years 1-5) who major in the humanities and technology. The obtained results indicate a rather uneven personal development of students under all structural components of ethical consciousness. The main part of the article, as well as conclusions, clarifies the components of ethical consciousness, their dynamics and dependence on one’s worldview and experience. The international relevance of the article lies in objectifying ethical consciousness of young people in the post-totalitarian environment. It will allow one to evaluate the interaction between traditional and postmodern systems, justify the prospects of such categories as “meanings” and “values” in the belated postmodern society. The results of the article may influence the modelling of the character-building component in new education systems in the post-cultural society.

IMPACT OF SLEEP QUALITY ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH ANXIETY DISORDERS

Modern scientific sources point out a close connection between depression, anxiety, psychological distress and low quality of life. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of sleep quality on the quality of life in patients with anxiety disorders of neurotic origin. Examination of 81 patients with anxiety disorders of neurotic origin and dyssomnic disorders was carried out using clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic and statistical research methods. The psychodiagnostic method included determining the level of stress load according to the PSM-25 questionnaire, the level of anxiety and depression by the HADS scale, the severity of the mental and somatic component of anxiety according to the HAM-A scale, assessing the quality of life according to the "SF-36" scale, studying sleep quality disorders according to the PSQI questionnaire.
 Depending on the level of psychological stress based on the PSM-25 scale, 3 groups were formed: group 1 included 25 (30.7%) people with a low level of stress, group 2 included 29 (35.8%) individuals with an average stress level, and group 3 included 27 people (37.4%) with a high stress level. Analysis according to the HADS scale has shown that anxiety symptoms prevail over depressive symptoms in all examined subjects. According to the HAM-A scale, the average score of the somatic and mental components in the group 1 is significantly lower compared to the group 2 (p<0.001) and the group 3 (p<0.001).
 This study has demonstrated that as the level of stress increases, there is a tendency for quality of life indicators to decrease in all spheres of functioning. Significantly worse sleep quality scores were found in patients with anxiety disorder and high mental stress level compared to those with moderate or low levels. There is a strong negative correlation between indicators by the "vital activity" scale and such components of sleep quality as "daytime dysfunction", "sleep latency" and the total score of sleep quality, between indicators by the scales "role functioning due to physical condition" and "daytime dysfunction". It has been found out that with increasing pain intensity, all indicators of sleep quality decline. The data obtained should be taken into account in developing patient-centred treatment plan for this group of patients.

Hardiness and psychological safety of a teacher in an educational environment

Introduction. In the conditions of emerging psychological threats and risks of the educational environment, the development and formation of the hardiness of a teacher as one of the participants in educational relations becomes relevant. The study of professional hardiness in the system of psychological safety of a teacher and the justification of the means of its support are of particular relevance.Aim. The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of the hardiness and psychological safety of teachers in the educational environment of the school.Methodology and research methods. The provisions on the social environment as a source of development, the provisions of resource and risk-resource approaches in psychology, theoretical and empirical approaches to the psychological safety of the educational environment were used as subject-scientific guidelines. Psychodiagnostic methods were used: “Psychological Safety of the Educational Environment of the School” (I. A. Baeva), “Hardiness Test” (by S. Maddi, Russian-language adaptation of D. A. Leontiev, E. I. Rasskazova), “The Index of Well-Being” (WHO-5) (Well-Being Index, WHO). The data obtained were processed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis (principal component method, Varimax rotation), correlation and regression analysis.Results and scientific novelty. The conducted research allowed authors to identify four factors of subjectively significant psychological threats to the teacher in the educational environment (social nature, intensity of work, interpersonal relations and digitalisation of education). The authors revealed direct interrelations of the teacher’s satisfaction with the significant characteristics of the educational environment, its reference significance, psychological security with well-being and hardiness; inverse relationships between threats of a public nature and the teacher’s well-being, resilience, psychological safety and reference significance. It was established that the main predictors of the teacher’s hardiness in the educational environment were its reference and subjectively significant threats of a public nature for the teacher.Practical significance. The identified factors of the threats, psychological predictors of hardiness allow us to outline approaches to the development and implementation of psychological and pedagogical programmes to support the hardiness of a teacher, as well as to the introduction into teacher training programmes of methods for teaching interpersonal communication skills, stress management and burnout prevention, contributing to teacher hardiness.

The Telegram-channel as a Means of Developing Cognitive Activity Teenagers

The relevance of the study is due to the need to find new ways to develop the cognitive activity of schoolchildren in the context of the digitalization of all spheres of life of a modern person and the active inclusion of digital services and tools in educational activities. The main research methods are theoretical methods aimed at creating theoretical generalizations that allow us to consider the Telegram channel as a means of developing cognitive activity in adolescents; a survey identifying messengers preferred by schoolchildren, digital resources and devices for obtaining information; psychodiagnostic methods aimed at studying the level of development of cognitive activity in schoolchildren in the subject area “history”; analysis of messengers, which involves the identification of functionality; a formative experiment aimed at developing cognitive activity through the presentation of various types of educational content in the Telegram channel; monitoring the cognitive activity of schoolchildren in history lessons; methods of mathematical and statistical data analysis (T-test, Spearman’s test). The analysis of messengers has made it possible to define Telegram as an accessible digital tool for use in educational activities in order to present educational content to schoolchildren. The structure of the Telegram channel is presented: the selected content is subjected to psychological and methodological analysis. Dynamics has been found in the change in the level of cognitive activity of schoolchildren in the subject area “history” (t = 2,763 at r ≤ 0,01) and self-assessment of cognitive interest (t = 3,574 at r ≤ 0,001) after schoolchildren used educational content posted on the Telegram channel. There has been an increase in interest in learning, a decrease in the number of schoolchildren who are passive during the lesson and are often distracted from educational activities, as well as the activity and independence of adolescents in studying the subject. To make a conclusion it should be outlined that the Telegram channel acts as a learning tool that develops the motivation for cognition, acting as a motivating force for the process of cognition and determining the effectiveness of educational activities, evokes positive emotions in the use of digital tools in training, actualizes the development of new information for the purpose of its practical application and appropriation of new knowledge. Keywords: cognitive activity, digital learning tools, mobile learning, BYOD technology, Telegram channel Acknwledgments.

The influence of the program of physical education and health classes using folk games on the psycho-emotional state of children 3-4 years of age

The modern system of physical education of preschool children provides for the use of a wide range of mobile games, including Ukrainian folk games. Ukrainian folk mobile games, created by a consistent change of age and social roles, have a great potential for the comprehensive development of a preschool child, as they most fully reflect the way of life and customs of our people, their way of life, the level of Ukrainians' ideas about the world, elements of national everyday and military operations The process of teaching Ukrainian folk mobile games to preschoolers provides an opportunity to familiarize children with folk customs, traditions, and rituals, and promotes the upbringing of children with national pride and a sense of patriotism.
 The purpose of the study: to determine the impact of physical education classes using folk games on the psycho- emotional state of children 3-4 years old. Research methods: analysis, generalization and systematization of data from scientific and methodical literature; pedagogical formative experiment, observation, methods of psychodiagnostics, methods of mathematical statistics. Material: 57 children (29 girls and 28 boys) took part in the experiment. The experimental group (EG) included 15 girls and 14 boys, the control group (CG) included 14 girls and 14 boys. It was established that at the end of the formative experiment, the indicators of psycho-emotional state improved in children of both groups, but at a reliable level only in EG (p<0.05).

Research of future masters of pedagogy’s socio-professional activity

The purpose was to conduct an empirical study of the content parameters of future masters of pedagogy’s socio-professional activity. Valid psychodiagnostic methods, purposeful observation, and statistical data processing methods were used to display relevant content parameters of socio-professional activity. With the clarification of reliable correlations, an ascertaining strategy was developed. It was revealed that respondents’ general activity (GA) had reliable connections with all parameters of motivation: internal (rs=.208; p<.01), external negative (rs=.099; p<.05), and external positive (rs=.128; p<.05), as opposed to creative activity (CA), which was only reliably associated with internal motivation (rs=.198; p<.01). It was discovered that creative activity had the most reliable correlations with the individual’s self-regulation parameters – four in total: modeling (rs=.088; p<.05), programming (rs=.112; p<.05), flexibility (rs=.228; p<.01) and independence (rs=.245; p<.01). It has been established that creative activity is essential in the development of the social and professional activity. It is concluded that it is preferential to operationalize received scientific facts into educational and professional training and professional development of future masters of pedagogy.

Информационно-психологическая устойчивость сотрудников полиции: определение понятия и концептуально-методологические подходы исследования

The article deals with the topical and underdeveloped problem of the psychological resistance of policeofficers to negative information and psychological impact. A theoretical review of the sources of destructive influence in the conditions of modern society and the degree of their influence on law enforcement officers is given. The author considers the scientific novelty and practical significance of the study of information and psychological stability ofpolice officers using innovative psychodiagnostic methods in order to increase the efficiency of police work and the quality of the system of police psychological support.The subject of the study is the psychodynamic mechanisms that ensure the psychological resistance of police officers to the negative information and psychological impact. The methodological basis of the study, along with the general scientific principles and principles of the development of the psyche in behavior and activity, is the I-structural sychodynamic model of the personality of G. Ammon and the concept of values of S. Schwartz. From the standpoint of the modern psychodynamic (psychoanalytic) approach, psychological resistance to negative information impact is considered as the degree of predominance of a constructive self-identity over a destructive-deficient one, as well as the dominance of humanistic values in the structure of value orientations of police officers. As a hypothesis of the study, it was suggested that the psychological resistance of police officers to negative informational and psychological impact is due to a number of intentional and psychodynamic characteristics of the individual, among which the qualities of self-identity (constructiveness, destructiveness, deficiency) and dominant values play a leading role.

PECULIARITIES OF BEHAVIOUR SELF-REGULATION IN STUDENTS WHO COMBINE STUDY AND WORK

The aim is to present the study results of features of individual behaviour self-regulation among the students who combine study and work. Methods. Theoretical – analysis, comparison, systematization and generalization of scientific literature on the problem researched; empirical – surveys and psychodiagnostic methods, such sociodemographic characteristics as gender, age, education, year and form of study at the university, employment, marital status, presence of children, sibling position, income level, etc. were also taken into account. Results. It has been established that there are some divergences in the level of self-regulation among both employed and unemployed students, manifested, in particular, in such indicators as flexibility of behavior and activity as well as decision-making ability. Employed students have a better-manifested striving for planning their own activity, tend to be more independent, flexible, and organized in their academic and labor activity. They are characterized by a higher level of self-acceptance and goal-setting capacity. It has been established that with growing self-regulation, students’ satisfaction with their life and relations with other people goes up, efficiency of planning and organization of own activity and flexibility in behavior improves. Conclusions. Self-regulation is a specific form of human interaction with the surrounding world, a means of consciously setting tasks, mobilizing mental and physical potentials to achieve defined goals. The self-regulation indicator of students’ behavior measured in the work involves studying the processes of planning, modeling, programming one's behavior and activities, evaluating its results, as well as its flexibility and independence, which, in turn, can lead to more effective activities and the ability to solve various kinds of problems tasks that arise in everyday activities, increasing its success. Undoubtedly, self-regulation is an important element in the process of setting and achieving goals, contributes to achieving success in all types of activities in the course of a person’s life. Self-regulatory skills are important in building relationships and solving life tasks, they are especially important in educational activities.

Оценка уровня эмоционального интеллекта в межкультурной образовательной среде

Introduction. Currently, the training of professionally competent specialists is a priority in the higher education system. One of the productive creative approaches is the development of emotional intelligence (EI/EQ), which contributes to the development of emotional intercultural competence to accelerate adaptation in a new intercultural environment.Aim. The aim of the research is to empirically determine the level of emotional intelligence in the intercultural context for further improving work with students of the humanities and economics specialities and proposing new techniques that develop emotional intercultural competence.Methodology and research methods. The methodological basis of the research is the concept of developing emotional intelligence as an integral part of soft skills. To study the level of emotional intelligence, the authors used the Mark Daniel Self-Scoring Emotional Intelligence Tests, which are a compilation of tests designed to study the level of emotional intelligence and determine the strengths and weaknesses of the test takers. The methods of psycho-diagnostics, comparison and generalisation of the obtained results were used. The test results were analysed using the SPSS.27 statistical package.Results. The research results help to understand the psychological characteristics of students of the humanities and economics specialities, taking into account the cultural context, which makes it possible to predict the difficulties and problems faced by teachers in the process of work with this type of students, to more accurately determine the characteristics and motives of their behaviour and the characteristics of the professional development of the individual. It also helps to select the right curriculum to meet students’ needs.Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research consists in supplementing the existing knowledge in the field of EI about the psychological characteristics of representatives of the humanities and economics specialities in the context of intercultural communication and further forecasting their development based on correctly selected teaching methods.Practical significance. The presented features of students of the humanities and economics specialities can be employed by teachers when interacting with them and organizing the educational process, taking into account their interests and needs, as well as adjusting the level of development of EI. The results obtained can be useful in the preparation of educational and methodological complexes specifically designed for the development of emotional intercultural competence.

The use of polyphony in trumpet playing: developing creativity in Chinese trumpet students engaged in improvisations

ABSTRACT The present research analyses the growing popularity of the trumpet musical instrument in modern Chinese music. The research purpose is to examine the use of the technique of polyphony in trumpet players and its impact on the creative development of trumpet students. The sample consisted of 496 Chinese trumpeters who participated in brass band festivals. The creative abilities of students were assessed using the following psychodiagnostic methods: Readiness for self-development test, Imagination test, Test questionnaire by Davis to measure creativity; Creative Thinking Test developed by Torrance and Bruner method to assess the types of thinking and creativity. The results showed a statistically valid and significant performance improvement creativity and creative abilities of the studied students of the experimental group, who performed polyphonic pieces of music for a month, as well as increased motivation for further self-knowledge and self-development. The research found an increase in the trumpeters who had a high level of creative potential (from 20.6% to 34.8%). Quantity trumpeters with low creativity decreased from 14.6% to 6.5%. The research concluded that the lessons of polyphonic music contributes to the development of creative abilities among trumpet players.

Features of subjective well-being of Russian and Chinese students: A comparative analysis of the problem

Introduction. The subjective well-being of students is an important factor affecting academic achievements and professional development. The number of Chinese students studying in Russia is already quite large, and there is a potential for growing cooperation between our countries. Therefore, the study of the subjective well-being of Chinese students in their comparison with Russian students is relevant not only from an academic point of view (as a cross-cultural study of the globalising world), but also from a practical point of view.Aim. The aim of the present research is to theoretically and empirically study the subjective well-being in general and its individual components among Chinese students getting higher education in Russia, in comparison with Russian students there.Methodology and research methods. The methodological principles of the study are activity-based and subject-activity approaches, as well as the principles of consistency and system analysis. The theoretical study was conducted using the bibliographic method. The empirical study used the testing method and methods of statistical data processing.An empirical study was conducted on 392 students of the RUDN. The following psychodiagnostic methods were applied in the study: “Scale of Subjective Well-Being” by A. Perue-Badu (adaptation by M. V. Sokolova), “Questionnaire of Self-Attitude” (V. V. Stolin, S. R. Pantileev), “Oxford Happiness Questionnaire”, “Subjective Assessment of Appearance” (V. A. Labunskaya, E. V. Belugina), and “Scale of Basic Beliefs” by R. Yanov-Bulman (adaptation by O. Kravtsova). The statistical Mann-Whitney U criterion was used for the calculations. The calculations were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program.Scientific novelty and results. The scientific novelty and the most significant research results consist in identifying the features of subjective well-being and related personal characteristics of Chinese students studying at Russian universities, in comparison with Russian students there. It was found that most of the indicators of subjective well-being of Chinese students are at a lower level than those of Russian ones. The exception is the parameters “psychoemotional state” and “tension and sensitivity”, for which Chinese students show better scores.Practical significance. The practical significance of this work is that the authors developed the recommendations aimed to improving the indicators of the subjective well-being of Russian and Chinese students studying in Russian universities.

The problem of economic literacy development of children and youth

The article presents the urgency of the problem of improving thequality of economic education in educational institutions of different types under modern social challenges regarding the cooperation of society and nature, forecasting economic development of regions, organization of production taking into account environmental and socio-economic preconditions. The study used methods of conceptual and comparative analysis, as well as psycho diagnostic methods. Theoretical aspects of forming children’s basics of economic (financial) literacy taking into account social and geographical factors are substantiated. Some features of the development of schoolchildren’s economic thinking in the course of their training (rationalism, practicality, variability, problem character, etc.) are defined. The essence of the economic culture of student youth is outlined and the necessity to create an educational environment of the educational institution for its development is emphasized. The results of the empirical study on the state of the outlined problem in school practice are presented. It was found out that the formation of economic literacy in primary and secondary school involves students mastering general knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary for their lives.

Vocal education in higher educational institutions in China: student motivation and creativity

The purpose of the present research is to study the impact of innovative educational strategies of vocal training on the development of creativity and motivation among students. The present study builds on an empirical approach. It involved 86 first-year undergraduate students in the Department of solo singing, Institute of Music, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China. It is significant to mention that the students were chosen randomly. The study covers the period of an academic semester. The study participants underwent training using innovative pedagogical methods of personality-oriented learning. This approach aims at developing creative abilities, creativity, and motivation among students. It is worth noting that this approach contained a psychophysiological component. The present research presupposed using the following psychodiagnostic methods: “Questionnaire of Formal-Dynamic Properties of Individuality” (QFDPI) by Rusalov; “BFQ-2. Big Five Questionnaire” (Caprara, Barbaranelli, Borgogni, and Vecchione); “Motivation of professional activity” (Zamfir, modifications by Rean); “Research of Creative Imagination.”

Socio-Psychological Features of the Correction of Children’s Anxiety Through Play Therapy

Introduction. Currently, the number of anxious children, characterized by increased anxiety and uncertainty, has increased. These qualities are most acute in the preschool period. One of the most important social and psychological characteristics of preschoolers is the emergence and subordination of motives. There is reason to believe that increased anxiety can exacerbate the manifestation of the negative aspects of the crisis of seven years. The problems of child anxiety are of great concern to education of parents of social workers, as well as acute scientific and practical interest of researchers. The need to fill this gap in scientific knowledge determines the relevance of our study. The authors have set the following tasks: 1. Based on a theoretical analysis scientific literature to reveal the essence of children’s anxiety and features of play therapy as methods of socio-psychological correction. 2. Determine the level of anxiety preschool children and bring corrective work through the method of non-directive game therapy. 3. Outline the main ways and forms of social work with parents of anxious preschoolers. Research hypothesis: socio-psychological correction of child anxiety underlying violations of the social status of a preschooler will be most effective if this process is organized within the framework of play therapy. Materials and Methods. Analysis scientific literature observation psychodiagnostic methods (tests, conversation), experimental methods, mathematical and statistical methods (the Mann –Whitney test, the Wilcoxon test). Discussion and Conclusions. The results of a study are presented that are associated with a decrease in the level of anxiety preschoolers as a result of classes using play therapy.

EMOTIONAL BURNOUT AND SIGNS OF DEPRESSION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

The article is devoted to emotional burnout and detection of early signs of depression in medical students. Medical students are in a critical period of physical and mental development. They are most susceptible to emotional burnout due to a large amount of educational information, night shifts, lack of sleep, poor nutrition, although the students themselves underestimate this state in themselves, and refer to fatigue, bad mood. Given that most medical students will become doctors and specialize in a particular profession, they experience more psychological stress and academic pressure than students at other universities. The purpose of this study is to assess the degree of susceptibility to emotional burnout and depression. On the basis of the Department of Internal Medicine of the Bashkir State Medical University, a survey was conducted using standard psychodiagnostic methods: signs of depression were assessed using the Beck Depression Scale, emotional burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire, adapted for Russia by N. E. Vodopyanova and the system index of burnout syndrome. 60 students of the medical university of the 3rd year of the pediatric faculty took part in the survey, the average age was 20 +2.3, boys – 19 people, girls – 41. Results were obtained that helped to identify signs of emotional burnout and mild to moderate depression. It is necessary to study the characteristics and factors influencing medical student burnout and develop possible solutions to prevent medical student burnout. Through this, medical students can better adapt to the environment and serve in their future careers.

Moral orientations as a factor of family self-determination development of modern students

Introduction. The phenomena of the family-demographic crisis in modern society make it necessary to study socio-psychological factors determining the actualisation and development of family self-determination of young people in the context of digital socialisation. Within the framework of digital socialisation, an open and contradictory information space determines the nature of marriage and family ideas, which are the indicative basis for the implementation of family behaviour by young men and women.Aim. The aim of the research is to identify the features of family self-determination of Russian students, who have different moral orientations and personality types in adolescence and early adulthood.Methodology and research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study consists of: cultural-historical theory of psychological development and the doctrine of a psychological age by L. S. Vygotsky; age and psychological approach to the analysis of mental development in ontogenesis; theories of family self-determination of the individual; the concept of personality orientation by B. S. Bratus; concepts of moral self-determination by A. B. Kupreichenko, A. E. Vorobieva, Q. Guo, P. Sun, M. Cai, X. Zhang, K. Song; theories of prosocial behaviour by K. R. Bell, C. J. Showers; L. Kamas, A. Preston. The study involved 490 students, mostly enrolled in the humanities educational programmes. To achieve the goal, the author applied theoretical and methodological analysis of scientific literature; methods of comparison, generalisation, concretisation; psychodiagnostic method and mathematical and statistical methods of data processing.Results. The conducted research has shown that the dominant moral orientation of the personality in adolescence and early adulthood is a peace-building orientation. As a result of comparative analysis of the structural and content characteristics of family self-determination depending on personal moral orientation at different stages of age development, general and specific features were identified. The invariant characteristic is manifested in the fact that in the humanistic orientation there is a high importance of the value of happy family life; in the peace-building orientation – the strength of roles claims in the sphere of social activity for the stability of marriage and family relations, the importance of such marriage motives as self-actualisation and security; the probability of marriage regulated by unproductive feelings of revenge increases in the egocentric orientation. Adolescence is a sensitive period to form a cognitive component of family self-determination of student youth through the development of spiritual and moral sphere. The period of early adulthood is the most sensitive for the development of value-emotional and regulatory-behavioural component of family self-determination as a result of purposeful education of humanistic and peace-building orientation of students’ personality.Scientific novelty of the research lies in the establishment of the connection between the moral orientation of the personality and meaningful characteristics of family self-determination of students in adolescence (17–19 years) and early adulthood (20–22 years).Practical significance. The research materials and findings can be used for creating the education programmes in the organisations of higher education and for planning measures to preserve and develop traditional family values in the youth environment.

Computer addiction as a new way of personal self-realization of student youth

The article presents the results of an empirical study of computer addiction of student youth in the context of personal self-realization by parameters: motivation to succeed, volitional self-regulation, development of emotional intelligence. The aim of the article is to analyze the manifestations of computer addiction as a new way of personal self-realization, to empirically investigate the relationship of individual psychological factors of self-realization of personality by parameters: motivation to succeed, volitional self-regulation, development of emotional intelligence with subjective assessment of computer addiction by the student youth. Psychodiagnostic methods were used: test for Internet addiction of K. Young; Shostrom’s personal orientation (short form) in the modification of E. Jones and R. Crandall; N. Hall’s emotional intelligence test, a questionnaire to study the motivation to succeed of T. Ehlers; questionnaire “Study of volitional self-regulation” by A. Zverkov and E. Eidman. The study allowed to obtain significant correlations between computer dependence and the level of self-actualization, volitional self-regulation and its components, self-management of emotions as a component of emotional intelligence. Virtual space for the younger generation in modern conditions serves as a means of meeting those significant needs that are frustrated in real conditions. In particular, personal self-realization in student youth is transferred to cyberspace through new hobbies, acquaintances and attributions of their own “I”. Thus, computer addiction in this study was considered as a new way of personal self-realization of student youth, which is still treated mainly as a form of deviant behavior. Self-realization on the Internet for modern youth is a significant area of personal self-realization in general, which under favorable conditions complements self-realization in reality, and under adverse conditions replaces self-realization in reality. Taking into account these points will allow to build a system of psychological work with different levels of computer addiction of student youth in the context of their personal self-realization.

Психогігієнічні принпипи використання здоров’язберігаючих технологій у сучасних закладах вищої освіти

Objective: We established and scientifically substantiated the psychohygienic principles of using health-preserving technologies in modern institutions of higher education. Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of National Pyrohov Memorial Medical University. A well-structured set of highly informative modern hygienic, medical-sociological, psychophysiological and psychodiagnostic methods and methods of statistical analysis were used to adequately achieve this goal. Results. The data obtained in the course of research indicate that as conceptual psychohygienic principles of effective use of health-preserving technologies in modern institutions of higher education should be noted: (1) regime-adaptive principle of application of psychohygienic components in the structure of modern health-preserving technologies, which determines the need to take into account the main regime elements of educational and extracurricular activities of students in specific conditions of the educational process, determining and constantly monitoring the level of educational adaptation and academic performance of students, especially in professionally oriented disciplines; (2) psychophysiological principle of application of psychohygienic components in the structure of modern health technologies, which is determined by the level of development of leading socially and professionally significant psychophysiological functions of the body of girls and boys; (3) personal principle of application of psychohygienic components in the structure of modern health technologies, which is related to the peculiarities of assessing the processes of formation of leading personality traits of student youth, which play an important role under the influence of both favorable and, above all, unfavorable educational factors. extracurricular activities; (4) integrative-functional principle of application of psychohygienic components in the structure of modern health technologies, which is determined by the presence of deep relationships between individual components of the functional state and adaptive capacity of young girls and young boys, which have a complex impact on health and theoreticalу- and, mainly, practically-significant components of students’ training. Conclusions. In the course of the research the leading psychohygienic principles of using health-preserving technologies in modern modern institutions of higher education have been identified and scientifically substantiated.

Стан професійного стресу у медичних працівників, протидії та його подолання

Objective. To determine the manifestations and the level of predictors of the development of emotional burnout (PREV) among medical workers in the Vinnytsia region and develop preventive measures to prevent it. Materials and methods. The study involved 324 respondents - healthcare workers in the Vinnytsia region. Among the respondents were women – 82,4%, men – 17,6%. The average age of respondents among doctors was 44,06+12,2 years, among nurses – 37,2+11,4 years. The length of service in professional activities was: among doctors – 19,7 + 12,3 years and SMPs – 15,5 + 11,1 years. The psychodiagnostic method of emotional burnout by V.V. Boyko was used in the study and the adapted technique of N.E. Vodopianova. Statistical processing of the study results was performed in the licensed standardized package Statistica 6.1 for Windows with the calculation of the arithmetic mean value, the standard mean arithmetic error. The significance of the difference was assessed using Student's t-test (t). The work used content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, biblio-semantic, analytical and statistical research methods. Research Results. The article analyzes the state of professional and emotional burnout/stress among medical workers in the healthcare sector in Ukraine and abroad. The chief causes of professional burnout/stress, their factors, and their consequences are highlighted. Conclusions. These research results indicate inappropriate working conditions and the presence of harmful professional factors leading to a high level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduction in professional achievements, which negatively affects the performance of their professional duties by every second health worker and requires them to be provided with outpatient treatment to prevent the transition of PREV syndromes and professional burnout into illness. The prospect of further research is to study the problem of professional burnout/stress, counteraction, and an effective system of mental health prevention both for medical personnel and the population of Ukraine.