Science Research Methodology Research Articles

The evaluation concepts – a necessary means of achieving the constitutional idea of legal certainty or a factor leading to its violation?

The subject of the research is the study of evaluative concepts included by the legislator in legal norms in order to ensure dynamic legal regulation of social relations. The problem of using evaluative concepts is of scientific interest, since the unreasonable inclusion of such concepts in the content of a legal norm can lead to a violation of the constitutional idea of legal certainty, and their interpretation and practical application to specific situations largely depends on the level of legal awareness of the law enforcer.The author aims to analyze approaches to understanding the category of “evaluative concepts”, identifies signs that characterize this category, its role in the legal regulation of social relations.The methodology of scientific research is represented by a complex of private scientific, formal legal, systemic and structural methods.The main results. The author establishes the features of the inclusion of evaluative concepts in the legal norms based on the analysis of the practice of the Russian Constitutional Court, provides interesting cases considered in the framework of the constitutional proceedings. In particular, the author provides examples of the inconsistency between established judicial practice and the practice of the Russian Constitutional Court, and also establishes the need to apply evaluative concepts in both private and public law.Conclusions. The inclusion of evaluative concepts in legal norms is relevant for many areas of law, which is due to the need to ensure the flexibility and dynamism of legal regulation. However, the possibility of their application should not be unlimited, since this may lead to a violation of the fundamental principles of law, including the principle of legal certainty.

О методологии научных исследований в области энергетического права

This article addresses the methodological issues inherent to scientific research in the field of energy law as a basis for improving energy legislation. The author proposes that the methodology of scientific and legal research be understood as a set of general and private scientific methods representing systems of approaches, methods, ways, and rules of scientific research in a particular vector of cognition. The author distinguishes between the general methodological approach and the theoretical and methodological framework of scientific and legal research. He highlights new challenges in the methodology of scientific research, including in the field of energy law, resulting from scientific and technological progress, particularly the use of artificial intelligence. The author suggests the use of the method of legal stratigraphy when conducting research in the field of energy law. Furthermore, the author highlights the role of energy law in ensuring national security, which he considers an essential element of its methodology.

Naval policy of the Russian Federation: national security issues

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to comprehend the problems of naval policy in order to solve them within the framework of the implementation of the goals of strategic planning of maritime activities of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030. The purpose of the study is a political analysis of the current problems of Russia’s naval policy, the solution of which is necessary to achieve the goals of strategic planning for the period up to 2030 in the field of maritime activities. The objectives of the study were: 1) political analysis of the latest documents of the state policy in the field of maritime activity of Russia in order to identify the most significant problems that require prompt resolution; 2) content analysis of certain provisions of the Strategy for the Development of Maritime Activities in the Russian Federation adopted until 2030; 3) analysis of the research directions of the naval policy of Russia by Russian scientists; 4) development of recommendations on possible solutions to problems of a political and legal nature that contribute to improving the effectiveness of further implementation of Russia’s naval policy for the strategic period up to 2030. The methodology of scientific research is based on the use of methods of political science and content analysis of strategic documents that determine the vector of development of modern Russian naval policy for the next decade. The research uses methods of political science and jurisprudence (in particular, legal analysis). The author substantiates the most pressing problems of Russia’s naval policy, the solution of which directly affects the results of strategic planning of maritime activities in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030. The analysis of the positions of Russian scientists and practitioners on the problem of research is carried out. The study made it possible to formulate the necessary recommendations regarding the solution of the problems of incompleteness of international legal regulation of the maritime borders of Russia with certain neighboring states as the main problems of the implementation of modern naval policy of the Russian Federation.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МОДЕЛИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ

The personnel management of organizations is included in the management system. In the modern conditions, use of the various personnel technologies and personnel management models aimed at fuller realization of the labor and creative potential in order to achieve the common economic good and meet the personal needs of employees is becoming relevant in global management practice. When choosing the personnel management model, the management of organizations is guided by the level of humanistic development of society, the principles underlying organizational culture, the level of development of the technological base of organizations, and trends towards the success of their project development. The purpose of the scientific article is to summarize knowledge and practices about modern models of the personnel management. The methodology of scientific research is based on the study of the principles, techniques and methods of building modern models of the personnel management, corresponding to optimal combination with the field of activity of organization. The methods of the modern personnel management models represent the comprehensive program of their efficiency in the prevailing economic conditions based on analytical data on the parameters of application to various situations. HR management models of organizations are nothing more than strategies or approaches that organizations apply to optimize the work of their staff, including aspects such as hiring, training, performance evaluation, motivation and retention of staff. The main results of the scientific research are based on evaluation of analysis of generalized data on existing modern models of the personnel management, and their implementation in activities of organizations. The path of development that the theories of the personnel management have taken demonstrates the constant increase in influence of the human factor on organization of the labor processes. To ensure effective interaction at all levels, complex models of the personnel management of organizations are used.

Nauka i metod - metodologija naučnog istraživanja u sportu

The monograph titled "Science and Method: Methodology of Scientific Research in Sport", authored by Dejan Dasić, presents an in-depth analysis of the foundations of a scientific approach within the context of sports sciences. This manuscript examines the essential elements of any scientific research, regardless of the discipline in which it is conductedranging from the planning of research and the development of a scientific design to the selection of methodological approaches, data collection, and analysis. Published in 2023 by the Faculty of Sport at "Union University Nikola Tesla" (Belgrade), this work serves as a valuable resource for researchers focused on phenomena and processes in the fields of sports and physical education.

Conduct and Validation of an Educational Lecture Series on the Integration of Faith and Scientific Research Methodology

This paper examines the effectiveness of integrating faith-based values with scientific methodologies through a case study of a lecture series conducted in Nabaoy and Boracay. The Catholic Church’s support for ethical scientific endeavors that benefit humanity and respect human dignity was emphasized. The study aimed to enhance participants’ knowledge and skills in integrating faith and science. The lecture series involved pre-test and post-test assessments to evaluate changes in participants’ understanding. The study involved two groups of participants: Group A, comprising local pupils of Brgy. Nabaoy, and Group B, consisting of faculty members from Nabaoy Elementary School, Malay National High School, and Aklan State University. Results showed significant improvements: Group A’s average score increased from 55% to 85% (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 2.42), and Group B’s average score increased from 58% to 88% (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 2.32). Perception ratings of the integration of Laudato Si values also significantly improved, with Group A’s rating rising from 2.8 to 4.4 (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.98) and Group B’s rating increasing from 3.0 to 4.5 (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.89). The findings underscore the effectiveness of integrating faith with scientific research methods.

Оценка профессиональной компетентности студентов медицинского университета

The article analyzes the necessary pedagogical approaches to organizing research activities at a medical university within the framework of the taught discipline “Translational Medicine”. The study was carried out within the framework of competence-based, comparative and cognitive approaches, which determine not only the psychological and pedagogical competence of the student’s personality, but also form the basis of autonomously oriented learning. Pedagogical conditions have been discovered that contribute to the favorable development of psychological and pedagogical competence of a medical university student in the process of mastering the discipline “Translational Medicine”. It has been established that in order to increase the psychological and pedagogical competence of medical students, their conscious desire to study and engage in research activities is necessary. The important role of competency-based and autonomously oriented approaches for this is formulated. The results of the study, including the analysis of foreign and domestic literature, made it possible to identify new conditions for teaching the fundamental discipline, as well as their innovative significance for solving educational and professional research problems. The most relevant sections of the work program of the discipline “Translational Medicine” have been identified. Successful mastery of these sections will contribute to the formation of competencies in the field of research activities, mastery of the methodology and methods of scientific research. The presented study made it possible to formulate certain pedagogical methods and techniques for the psychological and pedagogical competence of students for the development of research activities using the example of teaching such a discipline as “Translational Medicine” at the Krasnoyarsk State Medical University. prof. Voino-Yasenetsky (hereinafter referred to as KrasSMU). The proposals formulated on this basis are aimed at increasing the psychological and pedagogical competence of the future doctor.

Рукопис В.М. Хижнякова «О ревизии волостей в некоторых уездах Черниговской губернии в 1888 году» як джерело з історії земського лібералізму Північної України (1880-х рр.)

The purpose of the study. The purpose of the publication is to introduce the found author’s work of V. Khyzhnyakov and its content analysis into the international scientific circulation. Work methodology. When writing the article, general scientific (methods of synthesis and analysis, deduction and induction) and special-historical (critical, problem-chronological methods, content analysis) research methodology was used, which in general ensured the achievement of the tasks set in the publication. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time in Ukrainian historical science, an analysis of the author’s manuscript of a member of the opposition aristocratic front of northern Ukraine, the mayor of Chernihiv V. Khyzhnyakov ‘About the revision of volosts in some counties of Chernihiv province in 1888’ was carried out. The author came to the conclusion that the researched work is an important source from the history of the Zemstvo liberal movement in the north of the Left Bank of Ukraine, which illustrates the ideological imperatives of ascetic practical activity of the Zemstvo liberal party of the Northern Left Bank. The conducted content analysis of the manuscript shows that it contains generalizations of a conceptual nature that reflect the main intentions of the social and economic program of the Zemstvo liberal movement, once again proving that the studied trend in the liberation movement of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century had a self-sufficient and very promising vision of the future of the Russian Empire. The study of this topic will allow domestic historiography to significantly increase its achievements in the matter of forming a doctrinal vision of a large-scale liberation movement in the Russian Empire of the second half of the 19th century.

Формування дослідницьких умінь майбутніх вихователів ЗДО у процесі виконання навчальних завдань

The article examines scientific approaches to the implementation of a relevant component in the content of the professional training of future teachers of preschool education institutions – mastering pedagogical techniques in general and research skills, in particular, during their studies in higher education institutions. An attempt was made to consider research skills as pedagogical abilities, which are formed in the process of mastering the content of the educational components of professional training in the specialty 012 “Preschool education”. The importance of studying the methodology of scientific research by students is emphasized, since search and research activity is an important factor in the formation of critical thinking of preschool children, as well as their assimilation of the content of professional psychological and pedagogical knowledge as a whole complex, however, and specific methods of their education and upbringing, which serve for future educators as the basis for the formation of their research skills. The scientific principles and current approaches to the development of the individual style of the teacher’s professional activity are presented in the perspective of his activity in classes in accordance with the content of the current programs of professional education. Ways to increase the effectiveness of students’ cognitive activities and their preparation for organizing appropriate activities with children of different age groups are outlined in order to acquire knowledge, develop research behavior skills, organize independent search actions, as well as master the skills of independently organizing the search for interesting information in the natural environment and in specially created conditions. It has been proven that the research skills of the future teacher of special education are formed on acquired theoretical knowledge, practical skills and skills in various types of pedagogical practice in special education and are characterized by reflexivity, multi-functionality, structural integrity and positive motivation.

Information activities of the Russian Federation in 2023

The subject of information activities carried out by the Russian Federation was taken up as a result of the dynamic changes taking place in the security environment. Research methods from the field of scientific research methodology typical for social sciences were used to implement the undertaken research problem. The comparative method was used to juxtapose narratives. The method of content analysis included the analysis of the source material obtained from the information environment. The introduction presents information on the essence of information activities as an element of military activities. The next section of the article presents information activities that enabled the achievement of political goals both in Russia itself and on the international arena. The conclusions indicate those activities that diversified the recipients. The result of the conducted research was the identification of those information activities that allowed the Russian Federation to impose its arguments on the Russian society and in the global competition of superpowers.

Computational modeling for medical data: From data collection to knowledge discovery

<p>Biomedical data encompasses images, texts, physiological signals, and molecular omics data. As the costs of various data acquisition methods, such as genomic sequencing, continue to decrease, the availability of biomedical data is increasing. However, this data often exhibits high dimensionality, heterogeneity, and multimodal characteristics, necessitating the use of advanced computational modeling. Transforming raw data into meaningful biological insights is a critical aspect of computational modeling, which plays an increasingly important role in biomedical research in the era of big data. This review outlines the collection of various types of biomedical data and the challenges faced in data modeling, including high dimensionality, standardization, and privacy protection. Additionally, it addresses the complexity and interpretability of models used to guide knowledge discoveries. The review also discusses computational architectures such as parallel computing, cloud computing, and edge computing, which are essential to meet the demands of large-scale computation. Furthermore, it highlights the driving force of computational modeling in advancing medical research. With the foundation of big data, big models, and big computation, biomedical research is transitioning from experimental observation to theoretical deduction and data-driven approaches, profoundly impacting scientific research methodologies and paradigms. The development of biomedical computational modeling is steering medical research toward intelligent medicine, redefining the scientific research paradigm in biomedicine.</p>

Działania informacyjne Federacji Rosyjskiej w 2023 roku

The subject of information activities carried out by the Russian Federation was taken up as a result of the dynamic changes taking place in the security environment. Research methods from the field of scientific research methodology typical for social sciences were used to implement the undertaken research problem. The comparative method was used to juxtapose narratives. The method of content analysis included the analysis of the source material obtained from the information environment. The introduction presents information on the essence of information activities as an element of military activities. The next section of the article presents information activities that enabled the achievement of political goals both in Russia itself and on the international arena. The conclusions indicate those activities that diversified the recipients. The result of the conducted research was the identification of those information activities that allowed the Russian Federation to impose its arguments on the Russian society and in the global competition of superpowers.

PENGENALAN DAN PELATIHAN SOFTWARE PENGOLAHAN DATA SPSS DAN SMARTPLS DI UNIVERSITAS MIKROSKIL

One of the popular tools for data processing is the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS. Understanding data processing has a very important role in preparing the final assignment. Data processing is a critical step in scientific research methodology. Students who compose their final assignment need to know and understand the techniques, stages and interpretation of results correctly so that their research has a strong basis. So the aim of Community Service Activities is to provide knowledge and understanding to final semester students who have started preparing their final assignments at Mikroskil University. Provide practical understanding and skills to students in using SPSS and SmartPLS as data processing tools. This training was carried out directly using SPSS and SMArtPLS software. Based on the results of the answers to the pre-test and post-test questions of the training participants, it can be seen that there is an increase in understanding in the introduction and use of SPSS and SmartPLS software before and after, for details, see Figure 7 for a comparison of the pre-test and post-test results. So it can be concluded that the introduction and training of SPSS and SmartPLS data processing software at Mikroskil University was successful.

The culture of Kazakhstan of the Soviet period in the English historiography of the second half of the XX -early XXI centuries

The article provides an analysis of the work of English scientists who tell about the history of Kazakhstan in the Soviet period of the second half of the XX-early XXI centuries, the history of the local population, econ-omy, culture, traditions, religious beliefs. We consider historiography as a special historical discipline that studies the history of the accumulation of historical knowledge, the development of historical thought and re-search methodology, the history of the creation of historical works and biographies of scientists, the history of scientific institutions, the organization of historical education and the spread of historical knowledge. The main purpose of writing the article was to introduce researchers to the scientific environment, the modern community of readers. The article conducted a scientific analysis of the works of European and English re-searchers who wrote about the culture, traditions, and religious beliefs of Kazakhs in the period from the XXcentury to the beginning of the XXI century. According to the theory and methodology of scientific research, the methods of historicism, objectivity, historical comparative analysis and historical regularity were mainly used. In the post-war years, Anglo-American Sovietology proved its right to take a worthy place in World historiography, and was in demand not only in Western countries, but also in the countries of the for-mer Soviet Union. The most accurate and deep analysis was distinguished by the works of Jeffrey Wheeler, Walter Kolartz, Shirin Akiner, Sevket Akıldız, Richard Carlson, Violet Connolli, Sarah Cameron, Harun Yilmaz, Rico Isaacs. At the beginning of writing the article, the books and articles of these researchers of the Soviet history, including Kazakhstan, were taken as a basis

Implementation of post-classical rationality in the modern discourse of legal protection of social morality

Modern Ukrainian society is at such a segment of world history that is called postmodern and post-industrial society, and therefore corresponds to a post-neoclassical type of rationality, which is characterized by non-linear development, self-organization and self-development, the transition to new models of relations, including state-legal ones sphere, especially when it comes to the development of democratic principles in local self-government and the structure of executive power, etc. For general jurisprudence, such approaches are considered promising, because they take into account random, probabilistic relationships along with cause-and-effect relationships. It is believed that the post-non-classical type of rationality “works” within the limits of the new (modern) development of science with a new way of knowing and the methodology of scientific research. At the same time, it is not only about science, but, in a broader sense, about the global transformation of the knowledge production system and the change in the ways of relating to society in the context of overcoming the “contemplative” nature of knowledge and giving it a praxeological focus with further inclusion in the conceptual field of post-classicism. Based on the peculiarities of post- non-classical rationality in social cognition, we will make an assumption about its threefold goal, which, in view of the above, consists in combining rational and logical possibilities in the studied phenomena and events with the intellectual and personal qualities of the researcher, including a wide range of “value orientations, existential experience, psychological characteristics, etc., that is, his understanding of social reality. Thus, it is substantiated that the weakness of state positions on the protection of public morality lies in the fact that, from the very beginning, a model of moral relations adequate to the requirements of the time was not formed, which would take into account the dynamics of social changes and find embodiment in legislation, state institutions, civil society, and was b a tool of social regulation, a criterion for assessing the vital activity of a person and society.

INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF UKRAINE'S ECONOMY AS A DOMINANT FACTOR IN ATTRACTING INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL: ANALYSIS, PROSPECTS, PRIORITIES

The article analyses and proves the expediency of assessing the investment attractiveness of the Ukrainian economy on the basis of international ratings. The main task of the scientific publication is the analysis of the current state of investment attractiveness of the national economy and the determination of priority directions of its further strategic development. The concretisation of methodological approaches to the assessment of the level of investment attractiveness of the national economy through the prism of rating assessments of various agencies becomes a prerequisite for the formation of modern methods, principles, forms and priority tools of state regulation of this process. The use of innovative methods and methods of conducting scientific research in the context of determining the level of investment attractiveness of the national economy is a fundamental element of the model of successful attraction of investment capital and implementation of long-term strategic investment decisions. The subject of the scientific article is a rating of the investment attractiveness of the national economy from the perspective of the post-war period. The methodology of scientific research is based on the need to determine the level of economic efficiency of investment capital in modern conditions of globalisation transformations in the economy of Ukraine. The paper reveals the main issues of the methodology of investment decision analysis and the definition of criteria of efficiency of investment capital attraction to the national economy. The criteria of selection, justification and adoption of balanced management decisions are detailed and analysed. The purpose of this study is a comprehensive analysis of the state's position in international rating assessments of investment attractiveness, identification of key factors influencing the formation of a high level of investment attractiveness of the Ukrainian economy and search for ways to increase it by attracting additional investment capital. The conclusion of the publication is the search for ways to ensure a high level of investment attractiveness of Ukraine's economy as a dominant factor in attracting international investment capital. The fundamental strategic priority of the state investment policy is to form a comprehensive mechanism for ensuring a high level of investment attractiveness of the economy by developing a long-term programme for ensuring a high level of investment attractiveness of the national economy.

Mythological and Religious Basis of Mykhailo Sapozhnykov’s Symbolic Painting

The purpose of the article is to analyse and systematise the figurative structure of artworks from two series of symbolist paintings by Mykhailo Sapozhnykov in the light of Slavic and ancient mythology, Christian religion. The methodology of scientific research is based on use of systematic approach in combination of general scientific and special methods of cognition, such as analytical, formal-stylistic, systematisation, and generalisation. The application of these methods and approaches contributed to the thorough processing of the identified issues and made it possible to formulate reasoned conclusions. The scientific novelty of research consists in a comprehensive approach of consideration and synthesis on range of issues regarding the influence of Slavic and ancient mythology, the Christian religion on aesthetics and figurative style symbolist painting of M. I. Sapozhnykov. This issue was considered for the first time. Conclusions. The artwork of Mykhailo Sapozhnykov (1871–1937), as a consistent symbolist artist, occupies a special place in the history of Ukrainian fine art. Range of the artist's works presented in the research proved his ultimate interest in ancient and Slavic mythology, as well as the Christian religion, which together become a specific keynote of the paintings from two symbolist series. The artist's interest in mythology is reflected in the presented images, in the titles of artworks, and in pantheistic mood of most symbolist paintings. Animism is an obligatory element of the symbolist painting’s aesthetics by M. Sapozhnykov. According to the results of scientific research, two types of figures are allocated according to their function and status: personifications of natural forces, where elements and earthly matter itself, appear in anthropomorphic and zoomorphic forms and figures of folk demonology, among which the figure of Pan stands out – the key character of the artist's symbolist paintings. Following the results of research, it was found that 18 symbolist paintings have thematic quotations from the Bible selected by the author as a kind of epigraph, what are artist by himself called "keys". Keywords: Mykhailo Sapozhnykov, symbolism, painting, mythology, pantheism, the first quarter of 20th century, Dnipro Art Museum.

EVERYDAY LIFE OF STUDENTS OF ZHYTOMYR IVAN FRANKO STATE UNIVERSITY DURING THE SOVEIT PERIOD

Abstract
 The purpose of the study is to present the everyday life of students of Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University in the Soviet period from 40th to early 90th years of the 20 century. The methodology of scientific research includes both general scientific and specifically historical methods, first of all oral history method and history of everyday life. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the questions of everyday life of students of the Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University has not been studied separately yet, but only fragmentarily considered in general scientific studies devoted to the history of this educational institution. Therefore, the author suggests expanding the base of research in this direction, including personal recorded testimony. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the daily life of students of the Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University represented socio-economic and cultural features of different decades of the Soviet period. Positive memories and richness of student life are associated not only with studies, but with inclusion in the so-called "cultural and mass" work, the involvement of students in agricultural and other work in the field of industry, a lot of pedagogical practices, and the specifics of daily life in the dormitories. Economic problems seen as temporary, political aspects and the general atmosphere associated with it do not take the main place in the memories of the majority of former students.

EPISTEMOLOGICAL ROLE OF METHODOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTS IN FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS

The article deals with the cognitive functions of methodological constructs in fundamental physics. The author proceeds from the fact that such universal means of cognition as a scientific picture of the world, a scientific paradigm, a research program, etc. should be considered as methodological constructs. The nature of these constructs is such that in the bosom of the methodology of science they are formed only in the mature state of scientific knowledge, turn of the 19-20th centuries. The generation of diverse scientific theories and other forms of scientific knowledge (principles, axioms, laws, concepts, etc.) led to the need for generalized means of knowledge, starting with scientific pictures of the world. Methodological constructs are difficult to define strictly, but they help to realize the human desire to see unity in diversity, build some generalized view of the diversity of fractal natural objects, and use the accumulated body of knowledge as a methodology for further scientific research. The epistemological role of methodological constructs is extremely significant for revealing not only the dynamics of the historical development of physics, but also its current state. The author concludes about the fundamental value of the diversity of methodological constructs in understanding their role in the philosophy of physics and in the development of the most fundamental theoretical physics.

Synergic Approach in Philosophy and Pedagogy: Interaction and Influence on the Educational Process

This article is devoted to the consideration of synergetic as the basis of a new approach to the functioning of the modern educational system. Various points of view on synergetic as a methodology of modern scientific research are considered. The study “Synergetic approach in philosophy and pedagogy: interaction and impact on the educational process” is a comprehensive analysis of the concept of synergetic in the context of its application in philosophy and pedagogy, as well as an assessment of its potential impact on improving educational processes. This article examines the key aspects of the synergetic approach and its connection with the educational sphere, and also offers practical recommendations for its implementation in teaching practice.