Methods Of Logical Analysis Research Articles

Use of modern digital educational resources in geometry lessons in higher educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Relevance. In the era of global digitalisation, more and more spheres of public life are switching to the use of innovative technologies, which also applies to the educational process. Especially important is the process of using digital technologies for exact sciences and those requiring modelling and graphical operations, geometry being one of them. This explains the relevance of the issue of student-teacher interaction during the use of digital programmes for studying geometry in higher educational institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyse the impact of innovative technologies on the processes of teaching and assimilation of educational material on geometry by students and to determine the role of digital programmes in the process of establishing communication between a student and a teacher. Methodology. It is necessary to systematically apply various means for scientific research, in particular, dialectical and activity-based methodological approaches, methods of logical analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, content analysis, modelling, and analysis of scientific literature. Results. The main findings of the paper are the theoretical and practical background to the issue. That is, the theoretical component of the study includes the concept of digital technologies, their features, and types. The practical part includes an analysis of the effectiveness of using digital technologies in the context of studying geometry and determining the level of prevalence of relevant programmes abroad. As for the prospects for the following studies, it would be necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of the use of innovative technologies in higher educational institutions before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions. The practical value of the study is quite high since it determines the possibility of using the findings in further developments, in particular, in the construction of geometry curricula in universities, or use as a means for the development and improvement of current curricula. Keywords: digital educational resources; geometry; innovative technologies; students; higher educational institutions

Design of innovative processes

Subject. The article deals with allocation of scarce resources, problems of forecasting, risk management. Objectives. The aim is to search for optimal methods of detailed elaboration of strategic objectives, forms of joint participation of scientific and industrial organizations in innovation activities. Methods. The study employs methods of comparative, structural, and logical analysis are applied. Results. Innovative design should take into account the uncertainty of the economic situation. A number of sections of innovation project should be developed in several versions, based on forecasts for the development of target markets. Conclusions. New knowledge is produced out only through the use of human cognitive abilities.

Internal control as a tool for identifying in-house reserves

Subject. This article considers on-farm reserves as an effective tool for improving the performance of economic entities, helping look for additional opportunities to achieve their goals in conditions of insufficient resources and investments in the development of production processes. Objectives. The article aims to describe the importance of internal reserves in the activities of companies and develop a way to most effectively identify and implement them using internal control. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of modeling, induction, deduction, and logical analysis. Results. The article offers an author-developed definition of the term On-Farm Reserve, as well as a set of internal control tools, which is a set of pairs of control procedures aimed at identifying a potential reserve and assessing its effectiveness. Relevance. The practical significance of the study lies in the proposed tools, namely a set of control procedures that help minimize the risks of failure to achieve the goals of an economic entity as a result of the use of inefficient savings. The results of the article can be used for the organization of internal control of companies, as well as for further scientific developments and practical application.

Perceptions of and attitudes toward the issue of ethical behavior in academic work in higher education and factors contributing to it: A review of studies

Relevance. Today, the topic of academic integrity is quite relevant among the scientific and educational communities, and it is based on the fact that ethical behavior in academic work in higher educational institutions is an effective tool that ensures the quality of higher education from the point of view of international standards. The issue of academic cheating in higher education institutions has become globalized, which has forced researchers to focus on the study of academic ethics from different perspectives.Purpose. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the perception and attitude of teachers and students toward the issue of ethical behavior in academic work, as well as factors that contribute to solving the problem of plagiarism.Methodology. The following scientific methods were used during the research: structural-functional method, method of synthesis, logical and comparative analysis, and method of generalization.Results. The study showed that students' attitudes toward the issue of ethical behavior in academic work are similar due to various institutional, socio-cultural, and personal factors, as well as the fact that some individuals have no idea about plagiarism. It has been shown that a number of factors can lead to a problem of ethical behavior in academic work, and no taxonomy can explain either all these factors, how they affect the problem, or how it manifests itself. The study shows that students do not feel guilty for missing classes and using other people's work on their own. Most people demand a tolerant attitude towards plagiarism and accept the practice of passing off other people's tasks and Internet sources as their own.Conclusions. The practical significance of the work is that all theoretical provisions, conclusions, and recommendations can be used in educational institutions by teachers and students to increase their level of knowledge about ethical behavior in academic work.

Research on the Cultivation Path of Digital Literacy of PE Teachers under the Background of Education Digital Transformation

With the continuous advancement of digital transformation, digital technology has penetrated into various fields of the education system. Digital literacy, as a key force to adapt to this transformation, is gradually attracting the attention of educators. This article uses literature review and logical analysis methods to study the path of cultivating digital literacy of physical education teachers in the context of educational digital transformation. Based on the theoretical framework of digital literacy for teachers both domestically and internationally, the digital literacy of physical education teachers is summarized into four dimensions: Digital awareness, Digital teaching, Digital communication and collaboration, and Digital evaluation. This paper explores the connotation and value of digital literacy for physical education teachers in the context of educational digital transformation, and proposes to create a digital technology environment for teaching and cultivate digital awareness for physical education teachers; Optimize the digital literacy training mechanism and enhance the digital application ability of physical education teachers; building a digital communication platform for physical education teachers to facilitate digital communication and collaboration; building a digital literacy evaluation system and cultivating a path for precise digital evaluation.

Stakeholder Model of Corporate Governance: Methodology for Rapid Assessment of the Impact of Macroeconomic Challenges

The global humanitarian and economic challenges facing Russian corporate structures today require not only a rethinking of the role of public institutions in the future fate of the national economy, but also unprecedented innovative development of mechanisms for making management decisions in conditions of limited time and information. Well-known and methodologically developed approaches need transformation and development in relation to new realities. Based on the competent opinion of Russian corporate management on the current situation in the business environment, voiced at the XII All-Russian Forum «Business Management: Adaptation to Challenges and Development», requirements for the transformation of the corporate governance model have been determined. The purpose of the study was to develop the methodology proposed earlier by the authors for assessing the stakeholder value of the corporate network of the ESG activities of the corporation in terms of the influence of macro-level factors on it, in particular, economic sanctions. The following methods were used as a methodological basis: network approach, methods of logical analysis, correlation and regression analysis, comparison, graphic visualization. The methodology presented in the article was tested on the example of PJSC Norilsk Nickel and the region of its presence – the Krasnoyarsk Territory, based on data from two periods – pre-crisis (2012–2018) and including the COVID‑19 pandemic and strengthening of foreign trade sanctions (2012–2021). The results showed the sensitivity of the stakeholder value model to changes in macro conditions, which confirms the validity of the methodology for solving problems of operational management of corporate processes. The prospects for the research lie in the area of expanding the composition of stakeholder groups, developing methods for establishing operational connections between them and their assessment.

The US military policy toward China and Russia under the Biden administration

This article offers a comprehensive study of the policy of deterrence toward China and Russia in the military sphere under the Biden Administration. The US military policy toward China and Russia under the Biden Administration consists in increase regular pressure on Beijing and Moscow. The motivation for this policy is expressed in the following way: authoritarian China and Russia are posing a direct challenge not only to the values, interests, security and well-being of the United States, but also to the free, open, prosperous, and secure world order. According to the Biden administration's opinion only integrated deterrence through military and non-military methods and direct competition with China and Russia can maintain the US leadership in world politics. The methodological basis of the study includes analysis of the doctrinal documents which that regulate foreign and military policy of the US, the method of logical analysis and decision analysis. Despite the difference in ideological preferences and foreign policy attitudes between the Democrats and the Republicans, the foundations of the US military strategy toward China and Russia under Trump have passed into the strategic documents of the Biden administration. The main threats to the US and its allies are once again China and Russia. The US emphasizes that China and Russia are powerful nuclear powers which the US faces simultaneously for the first time in its history. China is rapidly developing its military potential and preparing for a military confrontation with the United States, which makes this country the most dangerous threat to the entire world in the very near future. Russia, which has a smaller range of capabilities compared to China, poses an acute military threat here and right now through special military operation, cyber-attacks, activities in gray zones and the deployment of the latest hypersonic missile systems.

Transformation of the Russian economic model in the context of a changing world structure: prerequisites and principles

In the conditions of rapid qualitative changes in socio-economic relations in the Russian society and cardinal transformation of the world structure, the authors set the goal to present a conceptual approach and theoretical foundations of the national economy model transformation. The methods of content and logical analysis, as well as general scientific methods of abstraction, generalization, and synthesis were used in the problem formulation within the framework of historical and systemic approach to studying complex issues and challenges characteristic of socio-economic formations development transitional periods. The political and economic aspects of the influence of the world structure transformation on the tasks and foundations of the national state economic mechanism adaptation have been considered. The interrelation of the social structure evolution and the increasing role of national wealth effective management to ensure sovereign development and increase public welfare has been outlined. The preconditions have been analyzed and the necessity of updating the modern nation-state economic model substantiated, as well as the conceptual provisions and basic principles of updating the economic model formulated. Possible ensuring solutions in the sphere of public power, including improving the mechanism of state control over the effective use of national assets for implementing the justice principle in the economic relations system have been defined.

Pricing in service industries: methods for justifying the cost of developing a design project

The subject of the study is the peculiarities of pricing in the service sector, in particular the process of justifying the standard cost of developing a design project in the domestic pricing system. The object of the study is methods for justifying the cost of developing a design project, used in domestic design practice both in the development of projects financed by public funds and projects financed by a private investor. The purpose of the work is a comparative analysis of domestic methods to justify the cost of developing a design project. The authors consider such aspects of domestic pricing methods as the mathematical apparatus, the price level, basic and current, the possibility of using the methodology to justify the value of the cost when replicating a project or its processing by making minor changes to the parameters, the level of qualifications of development specialists, etc. The research methods used are induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, the method of analogy, logical and historical analysis, scientific abstraction, comparison and classification, theorization, idealization, formalization, positive and normative analysis, verification. The practical significance of the research results lies in the analysis of existing methods of regulatory pricing in the field of design, in the formulation, within the framework of the study, of their advantages and disadvantages, in the development of directions for their improvement. The authors’ special contribution to the study of the topic of pricing in the field of design is the substantiation of the main direction for improving existing domestic methods – the symbiosis of methods of state regulation of pricing in design and recommendations developed by the professional community, which will improve quality by increasing the scientific validity of calculations and taking into account the specifics of the development of design projects.

태극권 건강원리와 메커니즘에 대한 연구

Tai Chi is widely noted as a traditional Chinese method of exercise. As more and more people begin to practice Tai Chi for the purpose of improving their health, researchers are constantly exploring the health effects of tai Chi. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to make a more comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the health principles of Tai Chi through various research methods. The research methods include literature research and observation method, interview and logical analysis research. First, the researcher read various literature and conducted prior research to obtain information on the health principles of Tai Chi, conducted interviews with tai Chi experts, and obtained the health principles of Tai Chi training. In addition, he watched a video clip of tai Chi training and analyzed the movements of Tai Chi, and understood the movements and the dynamics of tai Chi movement by watching tai Chi in the field. Thus analyzed and summarized the health mechanism of Tai Chi using logical analysis method finally. Research shows that 1) Tai Chi is an aerobic exercise. 2) Tai Chi movement is resistance training, the activity area of the movement is multifaceted. 3) Tai Chi exercises the body's ability to brace and balance. 4) Tai Chi's breathing style is abdominal breathing, which exercises the practitioner's ability to breathe. 5) The process of doing Tai Chi is a process of accepting and improving ideas. 6) Tai Chi can exercise will power. 7) Tai Chi is an active mode of practice. Conclusion The health mechanism of Tai Chi is reflected from two aspects, physiological and psychological, so it is easy to learn and does not have high requirements for training objects, so its physical and mental health value is very high.

Dynamics of dialect change in urban communities: Analysis of linguistic variation and evolution of Polish urban dialects based on data from local libraries

The relevance and necessity of the study of this topic lies in the fact that, in comparison with other lexical groups, dialectal linguistic units are peripheral and can easily be lost. The purpose of this study was to thoroughly examine and analyse the emergence and development of dialects in different regions of Poland. The study employed structural-functional and dialectical methods, the method of synthesis, logical and comparative analysis, the method of generalisation, as well as comparative, statistical, and system analysis. As a result, it was found that linguists distinguish three urban dialects of Polish: Warsaw, Poznan, and Krakow. The Warsaw dialect is the most widespread urban Polish dialect. Over the past few decades, the Warsaw dialect has undergone considerable changes. These changes can be noticed on several levels: the mazurka has disappeared, the accent and intonation have been simplified, and some terms are pronounced differently. Simple past tense forms are used more often than complex ones, and the grammar generally becomes simpler. The number of English and Russian borrowings is growing. Conventional phrases and expressions are becoming less common, while slang and colloquial terms are becoming more common. Unfortunately, Polish urban dialects are under threat of extinction. Local libraries are crucial for the preservation of dialects, as they collect resources on urban dialects and hold events to promote their use. The study is practically important, since all the theoretical provisions, conclusions, and recommendations can be used by philologists to improve their knowledge of the dialectical vocabulary of Poland

Innovative Motivation Methods of Staff At Small and Private Business Enterprises

.This article discusses one of the crucial challenges for small businesses today- issue of motivation at staff members which in the long run can lead either to prosperity of business or to the failure of it. The aim of this work is to study the reasons and consequences of this phenomenon for small business and private enterprises. During our research we comprehensively studied the works of world expertise on the raised issue, different research methods were used such as abstraction, induction and deduction, methods of observation, logical and structural analysis, grouping, mutual and comparative comparison. Various concepts of work motivation were analysed, concepts proposed by A.Maslow, K.Alderfer, McCelland, F.Herzberg were studied in detail taking into account the specific of human resource management at small business companies. In conclusion, several recommendations were given for small businesses’ managers regarding creating favourable conditions for staff motivation at workplace.

Competence-based approach to formation of students� learning motivation

Relevance. Building an educational process that can serve as a basis for the formation and growth of motivational spheres of students is one of the urgent problems facing modern education in the context of improving training in higher and secondary vocational educational institutions.Purpose. The research aims to study the process of formation of motivation in students of higher educational institutions of Kyrgyzstan, on the example of Pedagogical College of the Kyrgyz State University named after I. Arabaev, International University of Innovative Technologies and Batken State University.Methodology. The following methods were used: structural and functional method, method of synthesis, logical and comparative analysis, and method of generalisation. The following methods were used in the study of this issue: K. Zamfir�s methodology �Study of motivation of learning activity� (edited by A. Rean); A. Rean�s methodology �Diagnostics of personality on motivation to success and fear of failure�.Results. According to the study, most students are more motivated internally, they have an average level of motivation. Having analysed students� motivation for success and fear of failure, it was determined that most of the respondents have a strong motivation and desire for success, and only 14% of students have a predisposition to failure. The results emphasise the value of building an educational process based on a competency-based approach.Conclusions. Competency-based approach enhances student engagement by enabling them to apply new knowledge in their personal and professional lives. The practical significance of this study lies in the fact that all theoretical provisions, conclusions, and recommendations can be used in educational institutions by teachers and students to improve knowledge about the formation of the motivational sphere of students in the university, as well as by other scientists for a detailed study of this problem.

SYSTEMATIZATION OF SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS AND THEORIES OF THE FORMATION OF CLUSTER-UNITED ENTERPRISES

The purpose of the article is research and systematization of scientific concepts and theories regarding the formation of cluster-united enterprises.
 Research methods. In this study, when carrying out the systematization of scientific concepts and theories, the authors used general scientific research methods, in particular, to reveal the evolutionary foundations of the development of cluster theory, comparative analysis of scientific concepts of both foreign and domestic scientists regarding the development of cluster formations, the formation of cluster-united enterprises, the following empirical methods were used as a method of historical analysis, methods of logical and comparative analysis.
 Presentation of the main research material. In the course of research and systematization of scientific concepts and theories regarding the formation of cluster-united enterprises, analyzing scientific concepts and theories regarding the formation of cluster-united enterprises, it was highlighted that within the limits of these theories, the concept of a cluster is complemented by such characteristics as systems of generation and dissemination of innovative ideas and experience, which in turn generally affects the modernization of the national economy. The article substantiates that cluster forms of organization of research subjects and organization of production make it possible to facilitate the commercialization of innovations and make it possible to create favorable conditions for the development of new highly specialized innovative and active areas of activity.
 Conclusions from the conducted research. The article outlines that modern science still lacks a generally accepted understanding of when the first clusters appeared. The evolutionary study of the development of cluster formations and their global connections indisputably points to the growing relationship of cluster-united enterprises, where resources and competences are combined, access to target markets and know-how becomes open, information and experience are exchanged between clusters.
 Keywords: cluster theory; cluster; cluster formations; clusterization.

CONCEPT OF FORMING MODIFIED STRATEGIES FOR MITIGATING RISKS IN INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT DURING GLOBAL ECONOMIC CRISIS

Negative phenomena and triggers of global economic crises are always diverse, but classically, they are accompanied by market fluctuations, changes in exchange rates, and threats to financial stability. The systemic impact of these factors leads to losses for investors in terms of both profitability and the value of their investment portfolios. Therefore, the conditions of a global economic crisis present investors with the task of developing and effectively implementing modified strategies for risk reduction in investment management. Taking into account the limited elaboration of the outlined issues, the purpose of the article is the systematic study of the features of forming such strategies through methods of logical analysis. Based on the research results, it has been proven that there are key aspects ensuring the success of the concept of forming modified strategies for risk reduction in investment management during a global economic crisis. Specifically, these aspects include: flexibility and adaptability in investment management; integration of various approaches and complementary tactics in investment management; consideration of the global context of risks; emphasis on achieving specific results; the use of advanced technologies and big data analysis for effective decision-making. Attention has been drawn to the fact that the synthesis of key aspects in forming modified strategies for risk reduction in investment management during a global economic crisis should be oriented towards a unified framework, the purpose of which is to preserve capital and minimize potential losses.

Digital Ecosystems: The Need and Content of Regulation

The article deals with the issue of legislative regulation of digital ecosystems. In modern Russia, there are several large digital ecosystems that play a significant role in bringing a product to the end consumer, and therefore there is a need for legislative regulation of relevant relations. The purpose of the work is to identify the directions and approximate content of legislative regulation of digital ecosystems. Research objectives: to identify the range of relationships those arise in the digital ecosystem; to identify the problems inherent in each group of relationships; to establish the position of the current legislation on the identified problems. General scientific methods were used in the course of the study. In order to determine the subject composition of the digital ecosystem, logical methods of analysis and synthesis were used. Using a systematic method, groups of relationships that develop within the framework of digital ecosystems are established. Private law methods made it possible to identify gaps in legislation and determine the sufficiency of current regulation (the formal legal method), as well as to identify directions and optimal vectors of development of legislation for regulating digital ecosystems (the method of legal modeling). According to the results of the study, six groups of relationships are identified, depending on the composition of the participants in the digital ecosystem. Each group identifies several main problems that require at least minimal legislative regulation. The vectors of the approximate content of this regulation are indicated. It is noted that some of these issues are typical not only for ecosystems, but also for services that are not. At the same time, there are problems that are relevant only for digital ecosystems. Therefore, the adoption of a single legislative act is impractical, and regulation should be integrated into existing regulations. Local regulations — the rules of digital platform operators — should be used more actively in regulation. At the same time, it is possible to develop uniform rules for the digital ecosystem.

LπCET: A Logic Security Analysis for Cryptographic Protocols Based on π‐Calculus Extension Theory

The π‐calculus is a basic theory of mobile communication based on the notion of interaction, which, is aimed at analyzing and modeling the behaviors of communication processes in communicating and mobile systems, and is widely applied to the security analysis of cryptographic protocol’s design and implementation. But the π‐calculus does not provide seamless logical security analysis, so the logical flaws in the design and the implementation of a cryptographic protocol cannot be discovered in time. This paper introduces logical rules and logical proofs, binary tree, and the KMP algorithm and proposes a new extension of the π‐calculus theory, a logical security analysis method, and an algorithm. The aim is to analyze whether there are logical flaws in the design and the implementation of a cryptographic protocol, to ensure the security of the cryptographic protocol when it is encoded into software and implemented. This paper presents the logical security proof and analysis of the TLS1.3 protocol’s interactional implementation process. Empirical results show that the additional extension theory, the logical security analysis method, and the algorithm can effectively analyze whether there are logical flaws in the design and the implementation of a cryptographic protocol.

Research on the Path of Integrating Chinese Traditional Culture in Civic and Political Education in Colleges and Universities Toward the Implicit Logic Construction of Emotional Identity Enhancement

Abstract Chinese traditional culture, as an important part of enhancing cultural self-confidence, needs to be further integrated into the existing ideological education of colleges and universities in order to improve students’ cultural self-confidence. This paper centers on the research of the excellent Chinese traditional cultural identity of contemporary college students, supported by multidisciplinary theoretical knowledge. It constructs a Chinese outstanding conventional culture identity system through the entropy power method and hierarchical analysis method. After that, the questionnaire survey method is used to collect data to statistically analyze the content, the mathematical statistics method is used to verify the results, and the logical analysis method is used to construct the specific framework of the article, which demonstrates the influence of the integration of Chinese traditional culture into the teaching of ideology and politics in colleges and universities on students’ cultural self-confidence and emotional identity. The empirical analysis shows that in the 1087 sample Chinese traditional culture Civics courses, the average score of cultural self-confidence of the sample college students is 3.8406, and the average score of cultural identity is 3.6766. Through learning and experiencing Chinese traditional culture, college students deepen their recognition of the integration of Chinese traditional culture into ideological and political courses and enhance their cultural self-confidence and emotional identity.

РОЛЬ МАРКЕТИНГА В РАЗВИТИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ ТАМОЖЕННЫХ УСЛУГ

The purpose of the article is to study the customs marketing system and its impact on the development of state customs services provided by customs authorities. The work used standard and specific research methods: the method of induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization, economic and logical analysis. Based on the research, the conceptual apparatus used in the system of customs marketing and government customs services was presented, which allows not only to more accurately define key concepts and their relationships, but also helps to establish common standards, improve communication, develop management strategies, and improve professionalism specialists in this field. It is shown that today there is an increase in demand for government customs services, this is primarily due to an increase in the volume of trade and procurement operations among foreign economic activity entities, their need for appropriate warehouse facilities for storing goods under customs control, as well as in organizing professional support procedures for customs declaration of goods. The use of marketing tools in the customs sector is aimed at increasing the efficiency of the services provided, ensuring the satisfaction of business entities and constantly improving the quality of the service provided. In addition, marketing has the effect of better informing users about available services, which can increase their attractiveness and therefore demand. The prospect for further research is the selection and study of the most effective marketing tools to improve the mechanism for providing state customs services.

Структурно-параметрический анализ и меры по развитию внешней торговли Российской Федерации в условиях санкционного давления

The subject of the study is the evolution of the foreign trade of the Russian Federation in the context of changing foreign policy factors. The purpose is to analyze the key parameters of Russia’s foreign trade at the present stage and develop measures to accelerate development with updated trading partners. The article is based on structural parametric analysis and modeling of economic processes and systems. The methods of logical, graphoanalytic, statistical, correlation and comparative analysis are used. A statistical and correlation analysis of the foreign trade activity of the Russian Federation has been carried out. The main reasons for the slowdown and acceleration of the development of foreign trade have been identified. The main export and import goods on which the economic security of the state depends are identified. The measures for the development of the domestic market of the Russian Federation in the context of increasing the country’s export potential are proposed. New key trading partners of the Russian Federation have been identified, as well as measures to accelerate the development of trade with such states. Conclusions. In order to accelerate the development of foreign trade in the Russian Federation, it is necessary to improve the domestic market. The proposed measures will improve the economic situation within the state, which will increase the potential of foreign trade activities.