Higher Medical School Research Articles

Stavovi studenata prema internacionalizaciji visokog obrazovanja

The internationalization of higher education as an important aspect of a country's development potential is manifested through the mobility of students and university staff through joint research, international projects, the development of new curricula and the implementation of new approaches to teaching and learning. The paper presents the results of examining students' attitudes towards the internationalization of higher education. The aim of the research is to examine students' general attitude as well as to examine differences in attitudes between medical students and students of education. The research was conducted on a sample of 325 students, of which 168 (51.69%) are future class teachers and preschool teachers students and 157 (48.30%) students, future medical doctors and medical technicians. The sample included students from 2 faculties of teacher education, one medical faculty and one high medical school in Serbia. An attitude scale constructed for the purposes of this research was used to collect data. The results show that there are more students who have positive attitudes towards the internationalization of higher education. There were significant differences in attitudes towards the internationalization of higher education between students of education and students of medical sciences (p <0.01). Medical students have a more positive attitude towards the internationalization of higher education than their colleagues, future class teachers and preschool teachers, which can be explained with the fact that medical professionals have a much greater opportunity to find employment in foreign countries, which also means that they are more informed. Given that the number of students who have negative attitudes towards the internationalization of higher education is not negligible, it is necessary to undertake planning activities to inform and motivate students to participate in mobility programs and to contribute to the promotion of internationalization as an important precondition for ensuring openness, quality and competitiveness of higher education.

RELATION OF EXTRAVERSION/INTROVERSION AND FOREIGN LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY IN THE EFL CLASSROOM

Due to the fact that extraverted and introverted personalities are rather different, especially in the context of foreign language learning, teachers and learners often believe that these two personality types have different learning habits and require different learning environments. Moreover, teachers and learners often believe that extraverts are more successful at foreign language learning because they easily communicate in the foreign language and overcome their anxiety without much difficulty. For that reason we aim to determine whether there is a difference between extraverted and introverted students in terms of their foreign language proficiency and in order to establish that we rely on the EPQR-S to determine the students’ personality type and the final grade from the previous semester, the grade from the previous English test and the score from the Language and Skills Test to determine the participants’ foreign language proficiency. The participants who took part in this research were N=60 first and second grade students from a medical high school in Novi Sad aged 15 to 17. The results from this research were analyzed quantitatively and, based on the results, we can conclude that introverts are slightly more proficient than extraverted students, but taking into consideration the manner of assessment of English language proficiency, this result must be taken with caution and serves as an indicator of deeper issues that point to the need for a relatively individualized classroom approach in which teachers pay attention to their students’ personality and modify their approach to learning and assessment accordingly.

Отношение студентов медицинского вуза к проблеме охраны репродуктивного здоровья

Отношение студентов медицинского вуза к проблеме охраны репродуктивного здоровья

Characteristic of acute illness of higher education students

Abstract. The problem of student health has become of great importance in recent decades and remains unresolved at the current time. The article presents the data of the study of acute morbidity of students of higher educational establishments, its frequency and structure, the gender peculiarities and the state of resistance of their organism are analyzed. Highlighted the priority diseases groups, their specificity and differences. According to the results of the study, the state of adaptation of the students' body in the first year of study was revealed. At the same time, there are signs of tension and breakdown of these mechanisms, decrease in body resistance may be primarily due to sudden changes in the habitual environment of students, impaired diet and quality of work-rest cycle, the presence of a large number of students who have bad habits, constant increase of educational and information load in the present conditions. Only 18.46 ± 1.16 % of medical high schools and even fewer students of technical high schools have 7.81 ± 0.63 % satisfactory indicators of resistance to the body, which indicates a possible discrepancy between the impact of the educational complex and external factors to the adaptive capacity of the student body. In the structure of acute morbidity prevail respiratory diseases in both study groups (KhNMU − 80.16 ± 2.58 %, KhNURE − 80.37 ± 2.61 %). Also, quite a large part was taken by diseases of the digestive system and urogenital system. Students of a technical university had worse indicators of body resistance compared to students of a medical university. It was also found that boys had poorer body resistance compared to girls in all groups. In future all this has negative social and economic consequences for the country as a whole.

Practices for the development of communicative skills of professional communication of medical university students

Introduction.In this article the problem of formation of communicative skills of professional communication of students of medical high School is considered. Theoretical and methodological approaches to this problem are analyzed. The theoretical basis of the study was the work of MV Rodikov, LV Kochetova, Ln. Vasilyeva about the process of formation of readiness of students of medical University for interpersonal interaction in the professional sphere and in particular the formation of skills of building trust between the doctor and the patient. The authors identified individual and personal qualities necessary for the graduate in practice, such as: the ability to diagnose the social situation; skills of effective interaction with colleagues in the workplace; possession of verbal and non-verbal means of communication in building relationships with patients; rejection of all kinds of stereotypes of patient perception [5,6]. The assessment of such important professionally significant qualities in the formation of communicative competence of the future doctor, such as sociability, tolerance, empathy, goodwill, respect, attentiveness, restraint, flexibility [7, 15]. The authors highlight the psychological characteristics of the doctor, affecting the communicative competence, such as: emotional stability; sensitivity to negative attitude on the part of the patient; anxiety; depression [13]. The important qualities of the future specialist include: the ability to be convincing in conversation with the patient and his relatives, respect for colleagues and their opinion, especially when the issue concerns controversial clinical cases and requires open discussion [8,9,10]. It is noted that the success of the interaction between the doctor and the patient depends on the skills: the establishment of primary contact; elimination of possible contradictions (clash of views of the doctor and the patient); correction of conflict behavior of the patient during medical consultation; ability to inform the patient of "bad news" concerning his health; planning joint actions with the patient [4, 14,31].Materials and methods.A study was conducted on the diagnosis of the ability to empathize in students of a medical university using the method of V. V. Boyko, the specifics of gender attitudes were determined using the «Sex-role questionnaire», the coping styles of behavior were studied using the method «Coping strategies indicator».Results.The study are showed that 44.7% of respondents have an average level of empathic abilities, 53.2% – understated, 2.1% – very low. The girls is in 86.6% the emotional channel of empathy prevailed, which allows the latter to easily enter into an emotional resonance with the other person. Among young men, 52.9% showed rational, 47.1% - intuitive channels of empathy. The analysis showed of the structure of coping behavior that the first place for both girls and boys (66.6% and 88.2%, respectively) was occupied by the problem-solving strategy. The second is the search for social support, which indicates the importance of social support at the initial stage of professional activity.Discussion and Conclusions.It is noteworthy that among those surveyed, attitudes that limit emotional responsiveness prevailed, along with this, students used various empathy channels, allowing them to build the medical process most effectively in the future depending on the situation. The level of communicative competence of students did not differ in terms of "empathy" depending on the specialization. The active position was in the choice of coping strategies allow students to overcome the influence of various types of stress associated with future professional activities.

Вища медична школа Харкова - найстаріша в Україні

Вища медична школа Харкова - найстаріша в Україні

Мethodology of conduction of a professional dialogue-questioning in Ukrainian language as foreign one at higher medical school

Мethodology of conduction of a professional dialogue-questioning in Ukrainian language as foreign one at higher medical school

Results of the social research of the relationship of students of the medical university to obtained education

The article examines the attitude of students of a medical higher education institution to the education they receive. On the basis of the Astrakhan State Medical University, a sociological study was conducted among the fifth and sixth year students of the medical, pediatric, dental, medical and preventive faculties. The designated category of students answered the questions of the questionnaire («Attitude of students of the Astrakhan State Medical University to the education they receive»). The study examined and tested two groups - young men and women of graduating courses of medical high school, their attitude to the education received at the university was determined, a sociological survey was conducted using an author's questionnaire consisting of 15 questions. The study examined the motives for choosing this profession among medical university students, as well as the prospects for continuing to stay in the health care system after graduation, and what are the reasons for the lack of desire for graduates of a medical university to work in health care institutions. In the course of the study, the tendencies towards the leakage of personnel were determined based on the results of the survey. It was determined the relationship to the education received.

From the History of State Examinations in Higher Medical School

The article discusses one of the episodes of the history of Yaroslavl State Medical University – a change in approaches to the final certification of graduates of medical faculties. The author dwells on how, over the course of seven decades, starting from wartime, the order of conducting state examinations, the list of exam disciplines submitted for final certification, the content of tickets, the form of state graduation exams, the requirements for the graduates of a higher medical school have changed. The content of the article is illustrated with photographic documents that clearly demonstrate the atmosphere of the exams of the past decades.

To the 100th anniversary of the opening of the State Higher Medical School in the Moscow Military Hospital.

The article is devoted to the State Higher Medical School, opened in March 1919 in the Moscow Military Hospital, which was due to the need of the new Soviet state for highly educated medical personnel. The Higher Medical School was a kind of continuation of the traditions of training medical personnel at the Moscow Hospital after the medical-surgical school and the Moscow Medical-Surgical Academy.

Motivación de estudiantes extranjeros para estudiar en escuelas de medicina superiores en Ucrania.

Hoy en día, las escuelas superiores de medicina de Ucrania tienen demanda entre los estudiantes extranjeros, cuya composición nacional está cambiando en un corto período de tiempo. En consecuencia, los motivos para la admisión de los estudiantes cambian. El documento presenta los resultados de la investigación realizada en el año académico 2017-2018 sobre la base de las facultades médicas de la Universidad Médica Nacional Memorial Pirogov, Vinnytsya y la Universidad Médica Nacional Ivano-Frankivsk. Se han identificado los motivos que llevaron a los estudiantes a abandonar sus países de origen y estudiar en el extranjero, en particular en Ucrania, así como los motivos para elegir una profesión médica. Además, se determinaron las preferencias de carrera de los estudiantes de segundo año.

Healthy lifestyle behaviors of medical and vocational high school students and related socio-demographic factors

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi ve Van Meslek Yüksek Okulu’nda eğitim gören öğrencilerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi ve bu davranışlarla ilişkili sosyo-demografik özelliklerin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmanın evreni Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi ve Van Meslek Yüksek Okulu’nda eğitim gören 1842 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Tabakalı ve sistematik yöntemle seçilen 470 öğrenci örnek grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında öğrencilerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerini ve sağlıklarıyla ilgili bazı konuları sorgulayan bir anket ile Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları-II (SYBD-II) ölçeği gözetim altında uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin 313’ü (%66.6) Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda, 157’si (%33.4) Tıp Fakültesinde öğrenim görmektedir. Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin 199’u (%42.6) kız, 268’i (%57.4) erkektir. Öğrencilerin yaşlarının ortanca değeri 22’dir (en küçük-en büyük=17-60). Öğrencilerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ölçeğinden aldıkları puanın ortalaması 123.2±20.6’dir. Fakülteler arasında SYBD toplam puanı açısından istatistik olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p=0.05). Sonuç: Öğrencilerin SYBD toplam puanı ortalaması orta düzeyde bulunmuştur. SYBD düzeyinin artırılması için farkındalık yaratma ve bilinçlendirme çalışmaları yapılmalıdır.

The modern concept of teaching genetics at a medical higher educational institution

Aim. To study and evaluate the peculiarities of teaching genetics in the system of higher medical education of Ukraine. Methods. Studying typical and working programs of educational disciplines of medical universities, analysis of their interconnections with the volume and depth of knowledge and achievements of genetics. Results. The worldwide rapid development of genetic technologies, that open up new possibilities for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of many hereditary and non-hereditary diseases, requires the unification of the disparate efforts of scientists and practitioners. A significant role in solving this task should be played by higher medical school. Compact information about general genetics and the basics of anthropogenetics is received by medical students in the first year of study. This creates an appropriate basis for understanding the basic laws of the emergence of various forms of human pathologies, but does not ensure the assimilation of the genetic methodology of clinical disciplines and sections related to the organization of health protection and social medicine. Conclusions. An urgent need as of today is an inter-departmental and multi-level program on general genetics, human genetics, medical and clinical genetics, which would be compiled in accordance with the achievements of modern biology, medicine and genetics, and would penetrate all the stages of undergraduate and postgraduate education of doctors.&#x0D; Keywords: genetics, teaching in higher medical school.

ДИДАКТИЧНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ПЕРСОНАЛЬНОГО ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОСТОРУ В ФОРМУВАННІ ДОСВІДУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ МОБІЛЬНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ МЕДИЧНИХ СЕСТЕР

The article is highlights that in in Ukrainian High Medical Schools as well in the process of development of professional mobility of nurses aren’t introduced the procedures of international mobility of students. The authors generalized, that an absence of possibilities for international mobility of medical students is based on: differences of educational curriculum programs in Ukraine and European Union; on high cost of the medical education; programs are focused on postgraduate education level. The directions of experience development of nurses are defined: personal professional mobility, faced on improving of professionally-oriented personal qualities, cognitive, communicative, social, creative potentiality; horizontal mobility – spread of opportunities in additional branches of activity or in other professional displays. The characteristics of personal educational environment are presented as: a complex of information and resources, that is formed by the person and appeared around him, it is accessible for him in present time or is stored by him in the net; content-instrumental, mainly self-organizing actions and procedures, which are based on necessities of self-informing, self-development, self-control; process-content, organizationally-pedagogical and self-organizing complex, which is formed by personal educational net, personal educational content, personal educational environment.In the article the features of filling the personal educational environment in the conditions of obtaining modern medical education are analyzed. It separated the components of didactic potentiality of personal educational environment; technologic, a content (educational platforms, an educational and communicative informational resources, medical informational materials of the net), activity, evaluatively-resultive, social, and it was discussed opportunities of its using in the direction of formation of the experience of personal and horizontal professional mobility of future nurses.It was concluded that in the condition of absence of international mobility of future nurses on the level of graduating higher education the development of experience of personal professional and horizontal mobility is maintained by functioning of the personal educational environment of the student, resources of which is better to use more actively in the direction of organization of educational process.

Managerial and organizational bases for the state examination at higher medical school in the format of OSCE

Issue of high-quality vocational training is crucial for any sphere of activity, health care is not an exception. Modern trends of socioeconomic development require professionals, which use multi-disciplinary and highly competitive approaches. Thus, improving an educational process and process of assessing training of medical university graduates is an essential element of modern reformation of health care and medical education. Implementation of newest world educational technologies and methods of learning assessment is key to its improvement. Methodology. The methodological basis of the paper is the complex of methods, including methods of scientific cognition, analysis and synthesis, systematization and scientific abstraction. The informational basis of the conducted research is the scientific works of the domestic and foreign scientists in the sphere of improving higher education on the basis of using skill approach.Results. In the paper organizational and managerial aspects of implementing objective structural clinical exam (OSCE) into the process to the state examination of medical graduates are considered. Process of planning and preparation for state attestation in OSCE format is worked out in detail. We consider use of principles of teamwork and project management as the main advantage of this process, what considerably increases the quality of assessment process. Objective structural clinical exam is viewed by authors as a tool for upgrading the quality of educational process in higher medical school.Practical importance of this scientific research results lies in defining principles of planning and preparation process for implementing skill approach into the educational and assessment process of medical graduates. The proposed format of exam can be used not just in medical education, but in other humanitarian spheres of education. Further research directions are aimed at study of sociological and psychological research of usage for OSCE format in state examination process, and also assessment of its effectiveness.

Formation of professional ethics of future physicians-surgeons, using a “case-study” technology

Objective. To substantiate the prerequisites of moral behavior and to demonstrate the application procedures for a “case-study” technology while formation of professional ethics in the future physicians-surgeons.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The education-professional program for the specialists training in accordance to the 222 «Medicine» specialty, the education plans and programs of primary specialization for physician while internship in surgical specialties, and the situation exercises were analyzed. In the experiment 418 persons took part, who studied up, and 24 teachers of high medical schools. The investigation was conducted, using theoretical (bibliographic analysis), empyrical (observation, talks, questioning, expert opinions, testings, rangings) methods and procedures of mathematical statistics.&#x0D; Results. The indices of the ethics knowledge and capacities formed in the experimental group, the participants of which were studied in accordance to the “case-study” technology, have grown up, comparing with the paired indices of a control group.&#x0D; Conclusion. The «case-study” technology application consists of involvement of future physicians-surgeons in active analysis of various professional situations, gaining by them a certain experience of professional interrelations with colleagues, patients and their relatives, subjects of interrelationship.

New functions and tasks of the teacher of the modern higher medical school in the preparation of qualified specialists

The main activity orientations of instructor of higher medical educational institution in preparation of highly-skilled doctors as well as self-professional development (educational-methodical, scientific-research, social, educational) are outlined in the article. The necessity of introducing new active, interactive and informational-communication methods of education in conditions of “anthropocentric” model of education is substantiated. The roles and functions of modern instructor (preceptor, trainer, provider, mentor, coach, facilitator, assessor) in providing the conditions for obtained knowledge, competence and skills of students are disclosed in the article. It is shown that among the important functions of the teacher of the higher medical school is the formation of practical orientation and foreign language competences of the future doctor.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ У ВИКЛАДАЧІВ МЕДИЧНОГО ВНЗ

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ВИГОРАННЯ У ВИКЛАДАЧІВ МЕДИЧНОГО ВНЗ

Teaching activities in higher medical school: innovations and management features

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reveal the essence of innovations and their application in teaching in connection with the student’s educational outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of the study consists of 588 third-year students of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University. The paper describes the use of innovations in teaching in the context of the competence-activity approach, which implements the psychological process of learning of social experience in the practice of education.FindingsThis paper reflects the content of a scientific research on a relevant topic in the field of modern education – the implementation of four innovations in teaching, the guarantee that each student masters the educational outcomes that meet the requirements of the Bologna Declaration to the quality of training of graduates and the development of competence-based education ideas. The paper presents the learning and professional activities that focus on constructing a mental image of educational outcomes in the student’s mind and independent training that focus on automating the student’s activity, with a view to solving the practical tasks of modeling socio-professional situations on the basis of the mental image in the mind.Research limitations/implicationsThere are some limitations with this research. The sample is small and this makes broad generalization difficult. In total, 588 participants (both Russian and foreign) from 611 upper-year medical students of State Medical University were involved in research work. This may have functioned as a measurement ceiling. With that, all the proposed tools are universal. The authors tried to describe their specific in as much detail as possible. The findings are also consistent with the urgent publications of researchers in the field. Thus, the authors believe there will be no problems with their implementation in other medical universities.Practical implicationsThe practical value of the study is that it shows medical university professors a model of teaching activities, which guarantees that each student achieves educational outcomes of the planned quality.Originality/valueThe authors propose new didactic means, which help to manage each student’s activities according to individual educational trajectory.

The value of interdisciplinary integration in the study of forensic medicine by students of the medical faculty of higher medical schools

This paper presents current views on interdisciplinary integration in the study of clinical disciplines such as forensic medicine and pathomorphology. Main trends interdisciplinary integration, the forms and means of conducting the role of knowledge and skills in the interdisciplinary integration. Keywords: pathomorphology, forensic medicine, interdisciplinary connections.