Material Elements Research Articles

From Trending to Teaching: A Framework to Analyze TikTok Videos for Vocabulary Instruction

TikTok, a popular short-form video platform, has evolved into a versatile communication tool with potential applications in education. Examining the various multimodal components present in TikTok videos can offer valuable insights for vocabulary acquisition. TikTok combines multiple modes (multimodal), like visuals, text, audio, and movement, to engage users. Understanding the synergy between these modes on TikTok, in conveying meaning and maintaining engagement, could inform more effective vocabulary teaching methods. This paper delves into the examination of two frameworks for analysing multimodal elements in pedagogical materials. The first framework discussed is Serafini's (2010), while the second is Machin and Mayr's (2012). The findings suggest that a key distinction lies in Serafini's narrow focus on pedagogy compared to Machin and Mayr's broader approach, which scrutinises the construction of meaning. The study concludes that Serafini's framework is most appropriate for analysing multimodal elements in pedagogical materials as it directly addresses the learning objectives in student learning. The results of this study hold implications for students, educators, and educational establishments.

Speciation of antimony and vanadium in municipal solid waste incineration ashes analyzed by XANES spectroscopy

The use of ashes from municipal solid waste incineration as secondary building materials is an important pillar for the circular economy in Germany. However, leaching of potential toxic elements from these materials must be at environmentally acceptable levels. Normally, a three-month ageing period immobilizes most hazardous heavy metals, but antimony (Sb) and vanadium (V) showed previously unusual leaching. In order to clarify the mechanisms, we analyzed the Sb and V species in various bottom and fly ashes from municipal waste incineration by XANES spectroscopy. Antimony oxidizes from Sb(+ III) species used as flame retardants in plastics to Sb(+ V) compounds during waste incineration. However, owing to the similarity of different Sb(+ V) compound in the Sb K- and L-edge XANES spectra, it was not possible to accurately identify an exact Sb(+ V) species. Moreover, V is mainly present as oxidation state + V compound in the analyzed ashes. However, the coarse and magnetic fraction of the bottom ashes contain larger amounts of V(+ III) and V(+ IV) compounds which might enter the waste incineration from vanadium carbide containing steel tools. Thus, Sb and V could be critical potential toxic elements in secondary building materials and long-term monitoring of the release should be taken into account in the future.

School transformation in minoritized settings: a practice architectures lens

ABSTRACT This article examines school transformation for students from minoritized backgrounds in a highly disadvantaged Australian elementary school. Employing the theory of practice architectures and ecologies of practices, it analyses the educational practices and arrangements that enable and constrain the fostering of a more holistic educational approach for the school’s diverse and highly impoverished school community. Furthermore, it examines how these practices and arrangements connect to one another in ways that foster enabling conditions for a more holistic approach to educating to emerge. A practice approach to the study of change is crucial for schools in highly disadvantaged circumstances. It foregrounds the non-human, material elements of school transformation, rejects the reification of practices found in adjectival accounts of leadership and acknowledges the funds of knowledge that minoritized communities bring to schooling. In so doing, a practice approach speaks back to the materiality of power in the making. The article concludes by discussing the implications for socially just educational leadership practice, particularly in minoritized school communities experiencing the challenges of highly performative, marketized systems.

Numerical and experimental investigation of direct rapid tooling for sheet metal forming using selective laser sintering

The rapid tooling approaches were most sought after for the low-volume production of sheet metal parts within a short duration. This study presents an investigation of direct rapid tools produced with Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) for sheet metal forming. SLS is one of the widely used additive manufacturing techniques to produce polymer parts. The ability to form the sheet metal components using SLS direct rapid tools was assessed through cup drawing from aluminium blanks. A full factorial experiment was formulated to design the tools by varying the punch radius, die radius and draw ratio. The tools were fabricated with SLS using glass bead - filled polyamide material (PAGF) and finite element analysis was employed to study the stress distribution. The stress concentrations were observed at the tool edge radius, yet the PAGF tools sustained the load from the cup drawing process. The inspection of the PAGF tools and drawn cups shows that they are sensitive to the edge radius and draw ratio. Wear at the edge radius was evaluated in terms of percentage deviation from the initial radius. While the designed dimension of the edge radius is a significant factor affecting respective tool edges, the die edge wear was also influenced by the draw ratio. Both the formed parts and the tools exhibit geometrical variations localised to the forming edges and demonstrate good repeatability even up to 200 draw cycles.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL PEMBELAJARAN PENATALAKSANAAN ASUHAN KEBIDANAN PERSALINAN

This study aims to produce and develop an audio-visual learning media for helping teachers in Management Midwifery Care Delivery of Kala I, II, III and IV. By adapting Borg and Gall’s model (1983), procedures of development includes (1) analysis of the problem, (2) the collection of data, (3) mendesai products, (4) validation of design, (5) revision of design, (6) test cuba products, (7) revision of products, (8) the trial use, (9) revision of the product, and (10) product period. The results of this study as a whole is a product that is developed on both criteria, the following details (1) media Validator gives a value of 4 which means the product at a good level, (2) Validator of material with a value of 4.5 which means that both products are at good levels based on material elements, (3) The response of students about media fascination that was developed had an average score of 4.14 on testing a small group, is included in both criteria. Response field or group of students scored 4.25 grade categorized as good, (4) The trial results showed that the average pre-test students for field trials in the pre-test class IIA shows the average value of 56.7 and mean average post-test grade 76 at IIC pre-test showed 54.48. post-test showed the value of 64.83 calculated on a simple learning outcomes of students with a 10,5 difference between class IIA to IIC This figure shows that the product can provide the difference in student learning Study abroad and thoroughness. In the normal group based on these data we can conclude that audiovisual media learning midwifery care delivery based on the criteria of both the validity and effectiveness of student response and teacher audio visual media users midwifery management of labor. Kata kunci: Audio Visual Media, Learning Management Midwifery Care Delivery

BIBE Chair Space Filling Elements as a Form of Tropical Style Dayak Culture Implementation

In the interior of a room there are filling elements such as floors, walls, and ceilings or forms of space-filling such as furniture and aesthetic elements in it. A design or shape of a room filler describes the concept of what is in a building, if the impression of a room is appropriate it can certainly be accepted from a human point of view, then this can influence the function and emotion in creating a room atmosphere. This design methodology starts from a data collection method containing literature data and typology data, followed by an analysis method in the form of design to the final design. Based on the method described, the design of interior space-filling elements refers to the cultural diversity of the Dayak tribe which is implemented with a modern concept with a tropical theme. The Dayak tribe is of course very closely related to nature based on its geological location, therefore in this design, a lot of wood is used in the material elements to make it suitable. Meanwhile, to add tropical elements, of course, it is necessary to add tropical motifs or patterns to it. The purpose of writing this design is to identify the factors that form the elements of a room that implement Dayak culture in a tropical style. The benefit of this research is to find out what factors influence the design elements of Dayak culture. This design produces structured space-filling elements or refers to concepts analyzed based on literature data and typology.

Reducing Oxidation during Direct Metal Deposition Process: Effects on Ti6Al4V Microstructure and Mechanical Properties

The production of materials with a high affinity for oxidation using the direct metal deposition (DMD) process requires an extended process examination that goes beyond the usual, purely energetic consideration, with the aim of providing sufficient energy to melt the substrate and the powder material supplied. This is because the DMD process does not allow any conclusions to be drawn as to whether it and its respective selected parameters result in an oxidation critical process. To assess this, a superposition of the temperature field with the existing spatial oxygen concentration is required. This work uses this approach to develop an oxidation model that reduces oxidation during the DMD process. In addition to the numerical model, an analytical model is derived, with which the temperature of a material element can be calculated analytically and the resulting boundary oxygen concentration calculated using Fick’s 2nd law. The model also takes into account two-stage oxidation kinetics for Ti alloys. The effect of too high a travel speed (with the same specific energy of the other experiments) is shown visually in the numerical calculation of the temperature field. However, if the process model is taken into account, the components do fulfil the specified requirements. Finally, the effect of oxidation on the microstructure, microhardness, ultimate strength, yield strength and elongation at failure of Ti6Al4V structures produced using DMD is also investigated, and further supports our conclusions regarding the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Role of Nd doping on the structural, morphological and optical properties of BaTiO3 nanoparticles hydrothermally synthesized

Herein, we have reported the facile synthesis of pure and neodymium (Nd)-doped BaTiO3 powders via the hydrothermal method. The effects of Nd concentration (2–10 wt %) on the properties of the BaTiO3 powders were studied. Structural and morphological characteristics were realized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), UV–visible, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies were used for optical analyses. XRD results show that all powders crystallized under a cubic structure with an average crystallite size that was in the range of 35–47 nm. SEM micrographs revealed that the grains were spherical-shaped, with an average size found in the range of 232–390 nm. The EDS analysis detected the presence of Ba, Ti, O, and Nd elements in the elaborate materials. XPS data confirms the introduction of Nd3+ in the BaTiO3 and the amphoteric substitution of Nd3+ in the Ba and Ti sites at 6 and 10 wt%. FT-IR spectra indicate the presence of the Ti–O vibration bonds. UV–visible optical spectra illustrate the enhancement of absorbance with Nd doping. PL spectra exhibit ultraviolet, blue, green, and orange emissions in the samples.

Nickel binding enables isolation and reactivity of previously inaccessible 7-aza-2,3-indolynes.

N-Heteroaromatics are key elements of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials. N-Heteroarynes provide a scaffold to build these essential molecules but are underused because five-membered N-heteroarynes have been largely inaccessible on account of the strain of a triple bond in that small of a ring. On the basis of principles of metal-ligand interactions that are foundational to organometallic chemistry, in this work we report the stabilization of five-membered N-heteroarynes in the nickel coordination sphere. A series of 1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane nickel 7-azaindol-2,3-yne complexes were synthesized and characterized crystallographically and spectroscopically. Ambiphilic reactivity of the nickel 7-azaindol-2,3-yne complexes was observed with multiple nucleophilic, electrophilic, and enophilic coupling partners.

Effect of Cr2O3 on the clinkerization and carbonation properties of γ-C2S

Dicalcium silicate (C2S) has strong CO2 reactivity and is a possible low-carbon binder. In order to facilitate its industrial production, it is important to evaluate the potential influence of minor elements in the raw material on the performance of γ-C2S. In this work, the effect of Cr2O3, a common impurity in solid wastes, on the structure and carbonation properties of C2S was investigated. The results show that doping Cr2O3 can stabilize the β-C2S crystalline form at low temperatures, inhibit the transition from β-C2S to γ-C2S due to the substitution of Si by Cr to change the silica-oxygen tetrahedra, thereby reduce the degree of carbonation of clinkers. During calcination at 1350 °C, Cr2O3 was partially evaporated. The leaching rate of Cr from carbonized clinker decreased significantly and the solidification rate of Cr in carbonized clinker was greater than 89.9 %. This work lays a solid foundation for the low-temperature preparation of β-C2S from industrial solid wastes.

Theoretical Study of the Competition Mechanism of Alloying Elements in L12-(Nix1Crx2Cox3)3Al Precipitates

The impact of variations in the content of single alloying element on the properties of alloy materials has been extensively discussed, but the influence of this change on the content of multiple alloying elements in the alloy materials has been disregarded, as the performances of alloy materials should be determined by the collective influence of multiple alloying elements. To address the aforementioned issue, the present study conducted a comprehensive investigation into the impact of variations in the content of alloying elements, namely Ni, Cr, and Co, on the structural and mechanical properties of L12-(Nix1Crx2Cox3)3Al precipitates using the high-throughput first-principles calculations and the partial least squares (PLS) regression, and the competitive mechanism among these three elements was elucidated. The findings demonstrate that the same alloying element may exhibit opposite effects in both single element analysis and comprehensive multi-element analysis, for example, the effect of Ni element on elastic constant C11, and the influence of Cr element on Vickers hardness and yield strength. The reason for this is that the impact of the content of other two alloying elements is ignored in the single element analysis. Meanwhile, the Co element demonstrates a significant competitive advantage in the comparative analysis of three alloying elements for different physical properties. Therefore, the methodology proposed in this study will facilitate the elucidation of competition mechanisms among different alloy elements and offer a more robust guidance for experimental preparation.

Modeling of semiconductor heterostructures for energy converters and sensors

A set of modeling programs for constructing a sequence of energy zones of heterojunctions is presented for analyzing the distribution of charge carriers in the heterostructure and internal characteristics, for describing the processes of charge transfer and accumulation. Wolfram Mathematica analytical system and Delphi programming language were used. The main elements of materials are semiconductors, metals of contact structures and injection regions of nonequilibrium carriers. The programs allow determining the structural characteristics of materials, active zones and spatial charge regions, calculating quasi-Fermi levels and built-in potentials, as well as the efficiency of heterostructures in general and for separation-charge collection, charge accumulation, determining the type of metallization of barrier or ohmic contact.

From Trending to Teaching: A Framework to Analyze TikTok Videos for Vocabulary Instruction

TikTok, a popular short-form video platform, has evolved into a versatile communication tool with potential applications in education. Examining the various multimodal components present in TikTok videos can offer valuable insights for vocabulary acquisition. TikTok combines multiple modes (multimodal), like visuals, text, audio, and movement, to engage users. Understanding the synergy between these modes on TikTok, in conveying meaning and maintaining engagement, could inform more effective vocabulary teaching methods. This paper delves into the examination of two frameworks for analysing multimodal elements in pedagogical materials. The first framework discussed is Serafini's (2010), while the second is Machin and Mayr's (2012). The findings suggest that a key distinction lies in Serafini's narrow focus on pedagogy compared to Machin and Mayr's broader approach, which scrutinises the construction of meaning. The study concludes that Serafini's framework is most appropriate for analysing multimodal elements in pedagogical materials as it directly addresses the learning objectives in student learning. The results of this study hold implications for students, educators, and educational establishments.

Surfacing the complexity of students’ experiences of assessment and feedback processes using a rich picture approach

ABSTRACT Student-staff dialogue is often emphasised as a means of improving students’ engagement with assessment and feedback processes. However, focusing on dialogue alone overlooks the complexity of students’ experiences and the sociomaterial contexts in which they occur. To surface the roles of the social and the material in students’ experiences, we engaged pedagogies of mattering theory, and employed a rich picture (RP) approach in which students visually depicted their experiences of assessment and feedback. We anticipated that making use of a range of icons, symbols, and visual metaphors might enable participants to think about what matters in their everyday experiences, moving beyond solely human–human interactions, to highlight the significance of the objects, spaces and material elements that are involved. RPs were analysed using a form of content analysis and the following recurrent motifs were identified: Visual metaphors depicting uncertainty; emotive faces showing impacts on wellbeing; seasons, clocks and calendars depicting the pervasiveness of processes; and figures and objects depicting human and non-human elements. Based on the findings, we argue for a shift to greater embedding of meaningful relational approaches in assessment and feedback processes.

Specifics of Porous Polymer and Xenogeneic Matrices and of Bone Tissue Regeneration Related to Their Implantation into an Experimental Rabbit Defect.

This paper provides a study of two bone substitutes: a hybrid porous polymer and an osteoplastic matrix based on a bovine-derived xenograft. Both materials are porous, but their pore characteristics are different. The osteoplastic matrix has pores of 300-600 µm and the hybrid polymer has smaller pores, generally of 6-20 µm, but with some pores up to 100 µm across. SEM data confirmed the porometry results and demonstrated the different structures of the materials. Therefore, both materials were characterized by an interconnected porous structure and provided conditions for the adhesion and vital activity of human ASCs in vitro. In an experimental model of rabbit shin bone defect, it was shown that, during the 6-month observation period, neither of the materials caused negative reactions in the experimental animals. By the end of the observation period, restoration of the defects in animals in both groups was completed, and elements of both materials were preserved in the defect areas. Data from morphological examinations and CT data demonstrated that the rate of rabbit bone tissue regeneration with the hybrid polymer was comparable to that with the osteoplastic matrix. Therefore, the hybrid polymer has good potential for use in further research and improvement in biomedical applications.

Effect of ZnO on the clinkerization and carbonation behavior of γ-C2S

Dicalcium silicate polycrystalline (γ-C2S) is characterized by the carbon dioxide reactivity which can be used as carbon neutral binders. To promote the industrial scale production of γ-C2S, it is necessary to evaluate the potential effect of minor elements in the raw materials on the performance. In this study, the impact of ZnO, a common impurity in solid wastes, on the clinkerization and carbonation characteristics of γ-C2S was investigated. The results revealed that ZnO doping could promote the formation of γ-C2S at a lower temperature but lead to a decrease in the crystal plane spacing of γ-C2S, which is adverse to its carbonation properties. During the carbonization of γ-C2S doped with Zn, the Zn will combine with calcite, hindering calcite crystallization and γ-C2S carbonization. This work laid a solid foundation for the manufacture of γ-C2S by utilizing industrial waste and optimizing its properties.

Non-noble metals coordinated covalent organic frameworks as oxidase-like biocatalysts for light-responsive biomarker sensing

Metal-based enzyme-mimetic biocatalysts exhibit much better enzyme-like activity than metal-free biocatalysts. At the same time, both non-noble and noble metal-based catalysts have been proven to exhibit good biocatalytic activity. It is a great challenge to find extremely sensitive and adaptable biosensors with biocatalytic activity in biotechnology and medical diagnostics. For performance improvement and cost reduction, the development of non-noble metal-based biocatalysts is still of great significance. Here, we disclose that the covalent organic frameworks (COFs) coordinated by cobalt (Co) or nickel (Ni) with specific oxidase-like (OXD-like) activities can serve as intelligent artificial enzymes for light-augmented biocatalytic sensing of biomarkers. Because of the effects of metallic elements on the band gap adjustment, the Ni–COF exhibited the most efficient, selective, and light-responsive OXD-like biocatalytic activity (Km = 0.91 mM, Vmax = 1.50 μM s−1). Moreover, COFs loading metals show superior light-augmented biocatalytic detection capabilities. Notably, Ni–COF exhibits the most efficient and multifaceted diagnostic activity, including the extremely low limit of detection (LOD): 0.34 μM for glutathione and 0.54 μM for L-cysteine, which enables visual assays for abundant reducibility biomarkers. This study offers a unique and efficient non-noble metal-coordinated COF biocatalyst for high-sensitive and low-cost colorimetric detection. It also provides new insights into the design of non-noble metal elements in COF materials with better enzyme-like activities in biocatalytic and biomedical applications.

Implementation of Urban Planning Parameters for the Needs of the Spatial Planning Process in Kosovo

This paper consists of finding a way to implement some norms of urban planning in the process of drafting the urban development plan, that in are ignored in many cases. The plan is considered a development process to be carried out in several phases, such as the analysis of the existing situation, the vision provisions, and its implementation for the specified period. Based on the development program, the future functions of the city are determined, its increase at the end of the foreseen planning period, and the completion of new material elements of the city. All these predictions in the urban development plan should be realized in the foreseen period. For this reason, the program must rely on preliminary testing, analysis, and budgeting.

Concentrations and influencing factors of 17 elements in placenta, cord blood, and maternal blood of women from an e-waste recycling area

BackgroundThe effects of prenatal element exposure on mothers and fetuses have generated concern. Profiles of trace and toxic elements in biological material are urgently desired, especially for women who reside near e-waste recycling facilities. The aim of this study was to investigate elements concentrations in placenta, cord blood, and maternal blood of women and to evaluate the influencing factors. MethodsA group of 48 women from an e-waste recycling site and a group of 31 women from a non-e-waste recycling site were recruited. Basic characteristics were collected by questionnaire and the concentrations of 17 elements in placenta, cord blood, and maternal blood samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Finally, the generalized linear model regression analysis (GLM) was used to test the association between element concentrations and possible factors. ResultsCompared to the control group, the exposed group had significantly elevated cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), and antimony (Sb) in placenta, and higher lead (Pb) in maternal blood and cord blood (P<0.05). Sb concentration in maternal blood was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). GLM analysis showed that element concentrations were mainly associated with maternal age [chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), selenium (Se), cobalt (Co), mercury (Hg) in placenta, copper (Cu) in maternal blood], education (Se, Sb in placenta), family income (Cu in maternal blood and Ni in placenta), passive smoking [Cu and Zn in placenta, Pb in maternal blood], and e-waste contact history (Hg in cord blood, Cu, Zn, and Cd in maternal blood). ConclusionsWomen in the e-waste recycling area had higher toxic element levels in the placenta and blood samples. More preventive measures were needed to reduce the risk of element exposure for mothers and fetuses in these areas.

A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF VISUAL ELEMENTS ON SLIDE PRESENTATIONS USED IN COLLEGE ENGLISH CLASS

The purpose of this study is to establish that visual elements found in slide presentation used in College English Class convey mean-ing by its interpretation through semiotic analysis. Using the semiotic analysis, fifty-one (51) visual elements were identified and underwent in-depth analysis and interpretation. The study’s findings revealed that the visual elements carry meaning and can be interpreted in various ways. The study obtained significant information that helped derive the semiotic features of the visual ele-ments based on their signifier, signified, denotative meaning, connotative meaning, and myth. Moreover, the signifier interpretation of the visual images provided information on how each visual element were classified into- icon, symbol, and index. It was also dis-cussed in the study the detailed description of the signified meanings of each visual element. Additionally, the relevance to the social context of the college English class were examined intensively by analyzing its denotations, connotations, and myths. Indeed, visual elements carry meaning; thus, there is a need for close monitoring and evaluation of the visual elements used in slide presentations as it could affect the learning of the students. Ultimately, the study suggests that the incorporation of visual elements in instructional materials should be carefully considered because this may affect how students learn and perceive the subject matter and discussion in class. KEYWORDS: Semiotic Analysis, visual elements, slide presentations, signifier, signified, denotation, connotation, myth, Davao de Oro