Management Behaviour Research Articles

The Mentoring Role for Maritime Cadets' Guidance in Seafaring Carrier

This article is a result of a joint research conducted by the international team of SEAMENTORS project ”SEAfarers Experiential Knowledge Based MENTORS”, project no. 2021-1-RO01-KA220-VET-000029622, (www.seamentors.eu), implemented under Erasmus+ KA220 Vocational Education and Training, by Romanian Naval Academy (coordinator), Lithuanian Maritime Academy, Bulgarian Naval Academy, Polish Naval Academy, Spinaker Co and Maritime Innovators. According to the project objectives, the research team has concluded a survey study, applied on the cadets’ and professionals’ perception, aiming to disclose the importance of the mentorship programs during the cadetship training stages at sea. For this purpose, the authors have developed a KAP Survey Model (Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices questionnaire), seeking to collect the opinions and to analyse the impact of mentorship practices onboard the commercial and military ships. In compliance with the STCW standards, STW 44/3/2 Leadership and Teamwork, HTW 5/3/2 Leadership and Managerial Skills, correlated with HTW 5.3.5 Crisis management and human behaviour training, as developed under the supervision of the Sub-Committee on Human Element, Training and Watchkeeping, the study is revealing in its concluding remarks, the role of mentoring for assuring an effective and smooth insertion of seafaring professionals onboard the ships, in balance with educational, training and coaching operational dimensions.

Corporate Accountability. Not Moral Responsibility

The aim of this article is to briefly spell out why corporate moral agency is a fallacy and to show how this conclusion should shift the field of business ethics more in the direction of political philosophy and the rule of law. An argument based on a false assumption can be valid, but it cannot be sound. If corporate moral agency is a fallacy, and thus also moral prescriptions for corporations, how do we salvage the field of business ethics? To the extent that business ethics is about corporate behaviour (rather than individual managerial behaviour), the field can shift its foundational paradigm from ethics (which requires the attributes of moral agency) to legal accountability (which can be imposed instrumentally on corporate legal agents). By letting our elected representatives legislate the norms of acceptable corporate behaviour we can hold corporate legal entities legally accountable. What these norms should be then becomes the central focus of business ethics seen through the lens of political philosophy.

Analysing the Effect of Talent Management on the Behaviours of Work Engagement by Structural Equation Modelling (A Research on Academicians in Turkiye)

This study aims to research the relationship between perceptions of talent management and work engagement behaviours of academicians in Turkish Universities. The survey method was conducted in the study and data were gathered by means of online questionnaires. The sample of research consists of 335 academicians who completed the questionnaires. Because of normally distributed data parametric tests were used to make analyses. Results of the study show that there is a positive, linear, and moderate relationship between talent management and work engagement behaviours. Talent management predicts 27.8% variances in work engagement. It is determined that there is a difference in work engagement level between public universities and private universities in favour of private universities. It is also determined that there are differences in carrier evaluation and institutional evaluation dimensions of talent management in favour of private universities. According to gender and educational status talent management dimensions and work engagement do not differ. The relationships between dimensions of talent management and work engagement are shown with structural equation modelling. In this context, it should be stressed that administrators of universities should increase activities supporting the development of academicians to promote work engagement behaviours.

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PERILAKU MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN DENGAN LOCUS OF CONTROL SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA ASN RSUD dr. H. KOESNADI BONDOWOSO

Managing finances is very important for everyone; someone must manage well to balance income and expenses, meet life's needs and avoid getting caught in financial difficulties. This study aimed to analyze the role of locus of control in mediating financial knowledge and financial attitudes towards the financial management behaviour of ASN RSUD dr. H. Koesnadi Bondowoso. The population in this study were the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) of RSUD dr. H. Koesnadi Bondowoso. The sampling technique was determined by purposive sampling. This study's data analysis and hypothesis testing used the Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square (PLS-SEM. The results of the direct effect hypothesis test using the Smart PLS 4.0 application show that financial knowledge has a significant positive effect on the locus of control, financial attitudes have a significant positive effect on the locus of control, financial knowledge has a significant positive effect on financial management behaviour, financial attitudes have a significant positive effect on financial management behaviour, locus of control has a positive but insignificant effect on financial management behaviour, financial knowledge on financial management behaviour through locus of control has a positive but insignificant effect, financial attitudes on financial management behaviour through locus of control has a positive but insignificant effect.

Motivations behind daily preventative household food waste behaviours: The role of gain, hedonic, normative, and competing goals

The relationships between consumers' motivations, food management behaviours, and food waste are complex and depend on multiple motivational and health-related competing goals. This study uses Goal-Framing Theory and Structural Equation Modelling using data from a household survey (n = 1030) to demonstrate that multiple motivations, including gain, hedonic, normative, and competing motivations, can influence food waste through the mediations of daily food management behaviours (i.e. planning, purchasing, storing, preparing, and managing leftovers). The normative motivation emerges as the most significant driver of food waste reduction through four food management behaviours, except purchasing behaviour. The gain motivation exerts the second-largest effect on food waste reduction and is associated with all five food management behaviours. The hedonic motivation shows weaker associations with food waste reduction, primarily manifesting in phases involving the physical disposal of food (e.g. managing leftovers). Importantly, the competing goal related to health and food safety concerns emerges as the strongest motivation leading to increased food waste. Among the food management behaviours, over-purchasing and consuming leftovers have the largest effects on food waste, presenting two critical points for interventions, especially in the context of consumer-retailer engagement, where the normative motivation is absent while the gain and hedonic motivations for food waste reduction are weak. Understanding the underlying motivations associated with specific behaviours provides valuable guidance for identifying ways to motivate households to change behaviours in relevant domains, ultimately contributing to reductions in food waste and fostering more sustainable practices.

Household waste management behaviour amongst residents in an informal settlement in Durban, South Africa

In South Africa, household waste management is a significant challenge in informal settlements, as most of these lack basic waste management infrastructure, and the government's waste management services are limited. This contextual setting brings unique challenges that have not been extensively explored in existing research. Understanding waste management behaviour is therefore critical in addressing underlying challenges and improving waste management practices in such settlements. The purpose of this study was to assess the waste management behaviour among residents of the Shannon Drive informal settlement, in Durban, South Africa. Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study conducted a cross-sectional survey amongst 226 residents at the Shannon Drive informal settlement in Durban, South Africa. The findings suggest that whilst individuals have a positive attitude towards managing their household waste, they believe that it is solely the responsibility of the municipality to manage this in their area, which could have implications for waste management policies and programs. The findings suggest that there is a need for continued education and outreach efforts to promote positive behaviour towards household waste management.

A health-social service partnership programme for improving the health self-management of community-dwelling older adults: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation pilot study protocol

BackgroundThe ageing population requires seamless, integrated health and social care services in the community to promote the health of older adults. However, inadequate financial resources, a lack of clear operational guidelines, and various organisational work cultures may affect the implementation quality and sustainability of these services. As a unique approach, this study seeks to examine the preliminary effects of a health-social partnership programme on the health self-management of community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong. Additionally, the study seeks to ascertain key insights into the mechanisms and processes required to implement and sustain a self-care management programme in broader practice in community settings.MethodsThis study will use a hybrid effectiveness-implementation design. During the 3-month programme, subjects in the intervention group will receive four Zoom video conference sessions and four telephone calls conducted by a health-social service team that will include a nurse case manager, community workers, general practitioners, a Chinese medicine practitioner, and social workers. Subjects in the control group will receive a monthly social telephone call from a trained research assistant to rule out the possible social effect of the intervention. The reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance framework (i.e. RE-AIM framework) will be used to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness outcomes. Of the five dimensions included in the RE-AIM framework, only effectiveness and maintenance outcomes will be collected from both the intervention and control groups. The outcomes of the other three dimensions—reach, adoption, and implementation—will only be collected from subjects in the intervention group. Data will be collected pre-intervention, immediately post-intervention, and 3 months after the intervention is completed to evaluate the maintenance effect of the programme.DiscussionThis programme will aim to enhance health-promoting self-care management behaviours in older adults dwelling in the community. This will be the first study in Hong Kong to use the hybrid effectiveness-implementation design and involve key stakeholders in the evaluation and implementation of a health self-management programme using a health-social service partnership approach. The programme, which will be rooted in the community, may be used as a model, if proven successful, for similar types of services.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov, NCT04442867. Submitted 19 June 2020

Factors affecting the green behaviour of hotel managers

This study aimed to determine the effects of green human resource management, green culture, environmental consciousness, green psychological climate, green behavioural intentions, and employees' green behaviour. The results of this study determine whether age plays a moderating role in the effects of green culture, environmental consciousness, and green psychological climate on green behavioural intentions. The research population comprised hotel managers in Istanbul, Turkey. The research data were collected using non-probability sampling methods, specifically purposeful and criterion sampling, between June 08 and November 25, 2022. The sample comprised 432 participants. The data were analyzed using Smart PLS statistical software, and structural equation modeling was used to interpret the data. According to the research results, green human resource management significantly and positively affects green culture, green psychological climate, and environmental consciousness. Green culture and environmental consciousness significantly positively affected green behavioural intentions, whereas green psychological climate had no significant effect on green behavioural intentions. Green behavioural intentions significantly and positively affect employees' green behaviour. It has been determined that age moderates the effect of a green psychological climate on behavioural intention. Recommendations were developed based on the results of relevant research.

Green Human Resource Management and Pro-Environmental Behaviour: Effect of Green Organizational Identity and Green Shared Vision

Green Human Resource Management and Pro-Environmental Behaviour: Effect of Green Organizational Identity and Green Shared Vision

THE MEDIATING AND MODERATING EFFECT ON SMES' PERFORMANCE: DOES RELIGIOSITY MATTER?

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are entities managed and controlled by the owners. The performance of the owners strongly reflects the business performance of the SMEs. That is also the way of looking into the study aiming at analyzing the performance of SMEs from an Islamic perspective, which can be viewed from the owners' religiosity and financial behaviour. This framework is still rarely found in shari'a economics literature. This also involves further consideration of the need for Islamic values on the performance of small businesses in countries with Muslim-majority. Using a survey research design, 238 small business owners and managers participated in responding to a self-registered questionnaire research instrument. Using PLS-SEM, the research instrument has been tested for its validity and reliability and the variable's influence. The result proves that religiosity does not directly affect the performance of SMEs but indirectly influences the performance through financial behaviour. It means that religiosity forms good financial behaviour, and then the financial behaviour increases business performance. This study also finds that gender moderates the effect of religiosity on the behaviour of SME owners or managers. Furthermore, business age reduces the effect of financial behaviour on performance. The results of this study warn that old businesses should not make SMEs owners feel comfortable and resistant to change unless they fail to gain good business performance.

Does the UK Companies Act of 2006 matter for the private companies? Evidence from real and accruals earnings management practices

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine both accruals and real earnings management in a large sample of private companies in the UK using data from 2002 to 2009 following the implementation of the UK Act of 2006.Design/methodology/approachA panel data analysis using GMM has been adopted to examine the objectives of the study and answer the research questions.FindingsThe results of this study showed that the imposition of the Companies Act of 2006, on its own, did lead to changes in earnings management behaviour, in both accruals-based earnings and real earnings management. Moreover, this study also found that firms that chose to provide IFRS financial statements tended to show less discretionary earnings management, however, it tended to have no impact on real earnings management.Practical implicationsIn accordance with the research findings, standard setters with some insight tend to determine how capital markets see the information provided under the legislation such as the UK Act of 2006 in developed countries and thereby ensure long-term sustainability in a modern and sophisticated financial world. This study provides an insight into the successful implementation of the UK act of 2006, and its influence on the aspect of financial reporting.Originality/valueThe novel conclusion reached in the study is that there exists a strong and direct link between the smooth implementation of UK Act of 2006 and the practices of both accruals and real earnings management in real-world business and financial scenarios, particularly, in private companies.

Anxiety and Depression in British Horseracing Stud and Stable Staff Following Occupational Injury.

Horseracing has identified several factors influencing staff wellbeing; however, the relationship between injury, anxiety, and depression is yet to be established. This study investigated anxiety and depression scores and their association to pain management, coping, and help-seeking behaviour in injured British horseracing staff. An online retrospective survey was completed by 175 participants, identifying injury prevalence, coping strategies, occupational risk factors, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores. Analysis identified 65.14% (n = 114) of staff reported anxiety scores above the threshold (≥8) and 59.52% (n = 104) of staff reported depression scores ≥8. Median anxiety and depression scores were higher for staff who viewed their employer as unhelpful (anxiety p = 0.001; depression p = 0.020). Heightened anxiety and depression were associated with an increased likelihood to use pain medication to manage at work, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID's), alcohol, nicotine, and prescription drugs (p < 0.05). Implications for staff wellbeing is evident; anxiety and depression risks are high following injury, which may influence help-seeking behaviour, perceived job security, and coping mechanisms. This paper suggests it is vital to continue to investigate poor mental health and injury in racing staff and the implications for equine welfare.

Constructs and Theoretical Connections of Disability Management Policies, Managerial Behaviours, and Return-To-Work Outcomes

The workplace reintegration of employees that have recovered from longer-term injury or illness is usually legally required and often challenging to complete. This article pertains to disability management policies, managerial behaviours, and return-to-work outcomes of such reintegration activities. Previous research has neglected the intermediary role of managers in the return-to-work process. To remedy this gap, descriptions and categorizations of pertinent disability management policies, manager behaviours, and outcomes, as well as theoretical explanations for the connections between these constructs, are presented. The central nature of managerial behaviours is noted. Consequently, the article provides structure to support additional research on the relationship between policies, behaviours, and outcomes. Further, the presented logical model offers pathway guidance for diagnostic and initiative actions for the reintegration of employees to the workplace.

Acceptability of a digital health application to empower persons with multiple sclerosis with moderate to severe disability: single-arm prospective pilot study

BackgroundMany persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) desire to learn how health behaviour changes (e.g., dietary adjustments, physical activity, improvements in stress management) might help them manage their disease. Previous research has shown that certain health behaviour changes can improve quality of life (QoL), fatigue and other MS outcomes. Digital health applications may be well suited to deliver relevant health behavioural interventions because of their accessibility and flexibility. The digital health application “levidex” was designed to facilitate health behaviour change by offering evidence-based patient information and cognitive-behavioural therapy techniques to pwMS. By doing so, levidex aims to improve QoL and MS symptoms such as fatigue and mental health.ObjectivesA previous study reported on the development of levidex; this non-randomised pilot study examined the feasibility (practicability and acceptability) of levidex in pwMS with moderate to severe disability. Furthermore, the intervention’s impact on empowerment, stress management, and relevant health behaviours (e.g., dietary behaviour, physical activity) was explored.Methodslevidex was originally developed for newly diagnosed pwMS in the first year after diagnosis and eventually modified to offer access to pwMS with moderate to severe disability. Participants (n = 43) with an Expanded Disability Status Scale between 3.5 and 7.5 and a disease duration of more than one year were eligible to participate. The intervention was used over a period of six months with measurement time points at baseline, month 3 and month 6.ResultsOut of 38 participants who completed the six-month intervention period, 18 (47.4%) completed all 16 modules and 9 (23.7%) reached modules 13–16, the long-term maintenance part of levidex. Participants rated levidex positively in terms of practicability and acceptability and had only few points of criticism such as to include more physical exercise routine suggestions suitable for participants with severe impairment. Data on secondary endpoints showed no significant changes.ConclusionThis pilot study provided evidence for the practicability and acceptability of levidex, a digital health application designed to facilitate health behaviour change in pwMS with moderate to severe disability. Adequately powered randomised controlled studies with longer follow-up periods are needed to clarify the benefit of levidex in pwMS with moderate to severe disability.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00032667 (14/09/2023); Retrospectively registered.

Employee satisfaction during the pandemic in the tourism and hospitality industries

ABSTRACT How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected employee satisfaction in Tourism and Hospitality industries? This paper uses a topic modelling approach to explore the pandemic effects utilizing a large sample (N = 733,746) of employee-generated online reviews. Comparing online employee feedback during the pandemic to the pre-pandemic period, the study indicates a shift in topics discussed, suggesting changes in employee satisfaction drivers. During the pandemic, there was a noticeable increase in positive discussions regarding work stress, customer behaviour, and managerial practices. Work-life balance and management behaviour were found to be more closely linked to increased dissatisfaction, whereas employee treatment, working environment, and company culture were associated with higher satisfaction levels. The present study contributes to the understanding of employee satisfaction in tourism and hospitality services as the first to measure the impact of COVID-19 by harnessing the power of online employee user-generated content providing practical implications for theory and employee practice.

Women Micromanagement in Private Higher Education UK: A Critical Review

The primary purpose of women's micromanagement in private higher education institutions in the UK is to attempt to define micromanagement, examining the underlying factors, characteristics and outcomes of such micromanagement practices. This topic is essential for understanding the dynamics within private higher educational institutions and how gender-based management behaviours may influence various aspects of private higher education. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is a rigorous research methodology used to gather, analyse, and synthesise existing academic literature onWomen Micromanagement in Private Higher Education UK. We used a systematic and structured approach to identifying, selecting, and evaluating relevant studies on Women Micromanagement in Private Higher Education in the UK from various sources such as Google Scholar, ERIC, JSTOR, and Science Direct, including websites such as Higher Education Statistic Agency (HESA.) The findings of a systematic review of "Women Micromanagement in Private Higher Education in the UK” revealed several significant insights and patterns in the existing literature. The review uncovered a gender disparity in leadership roles generally and within private higher education institutions in the UK, particularly with women often occupying middle management positions while being underrepresented in top leadership roles. Literature also revealed that micromanagement could be good or bad; the negative side is that it drains productivity, inflicts fear, and includes excessive control, which is seen as demotivating. Micromanagement can be advantageous in certain short-term situations. It is not right to label women as micromanagers, and males could also be micromanagers. However, not all studies support the idea that women are more likely to micromanage. Keywords: Women (Gender), Leadership, Private Higher Education

Defensive medicine through the lens of the managerial perspective: a literature review

PurposeSeveral studies have been carried out on defensive medicine, but research from the managerial viewpoint is still scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to conduct a literature review to better understand defensive medicine from a managerial perspective.Design/methodology/approachA literature review was conducted of studies focusing on the organisational (meso) level of healthcare providers and managerial practices. A final sample of 28 studies was processed.FindingsDefensive medicine has mainly been studied in the USA, and scholars have principally used quantitative surveys. High-risk specialities have been a critical field of investigation, and a large portion of the papers are published in journals that cover medicine, health policy, education and law fields. The analysis showed that operations and the organisation of staffing were the most discussed managerial practices. No study considered planning and budgeting aspects.Originality/valueThe review confirmed that the managerial aspect of defensive medicine has not been fully addressed. Stimulated by this gap, this study analyses the managerial background of the defensive medicine phenomenon and shows which managerial practices have been most analysed. This paper also contributes to developing the literature on defensive medicine from the managerial side. Areas for future research include qualitative studies to investigate the behaviour of managers of healthcare companies to give a different perspective on defensive medicine and organisations’ decision-making.Research limitations/implicationsSome important publications might have been missed in this work because of the choice of only two databases. A further limit could be imposed by the use of the English language as an inclusion criterion.

Governance mechanisms, firm performance and CEO compensation: evidence from Jordan

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the effect of governance mechanisms and firm performance on chief executive officer (CEO) compensation in relation to the Jordanian business environment. This study also examines the moderating role of gender diversity. Design/methodology/approach The sample is drawn from the annual reports of 68 Jordanian firms between 2015 and 2019. This paper uses the ordinary least square regression. It also uses the generalised method of moments approach to control any endogeneity issue and analyses the data in depth. In addition, it uses a dynamic model to address concerns regarding causality in the study’s models. Findings The results show that governance mechanisms and firm performance have an impact on CEO compensation. Furthermore, the outcomes indicate that gender diversity significantly and positively moderates the association between firm performance and CEO compensation. These findings enhance and support agency theory in the context of Jordan. Practical implications The study’s results have significant implications for policymakers, shareholders, investors, academicians and the public in the developing Jordanian market. The findings also support more monitoring and inspection to prevent the occurrence of opportunistic management behaviour and ensure that CEO remuneration packages are appropriately designed. Originality/value This study provides a unique understanding by explaining the impact of governance and performance on CEO compensation in a developing country such as Jordan. Besides that, the current study extends prior studies in Jordan significantly.

A theoretical model for preventing marine litter behaviour: An empirical evidence from Singapore

Marine litter pollution has been an emerging environmental problem and arousing extensive attentions from both the academia and the public in recent years. The improperly disposed domestic refuse has been proven to be a major source of the marine litter, which can be effectively prevented through scientific waste management and citizens' daily pro-environmental behaviour. This study aims to investigates Singapore citizens’ intention of avoiding marine litter based on an extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB), incorporating the cognitive constructs as precursors and the irrational constructs as mediators. An online survey was performed targeting Singapore citizens to collect data, and 417 valid responses were analysed using structural equation modelling. The results reveal that environmental knowledge possess significant indirect effect to intention, and concern can act as a predictor of behaviour intention by influencing TPB constructs. Behaviour intention is most influenced by perceived behaviour control, while subjective norm has less constraining force. The irrational factors influence behaviour intention through both direct and indirect paths, habit exerts significant effect to behaviour patterns, while positive affection has greater effect size than negative affection. Previous research regarding marine litter preventing behaviour focus on tourists and consumers, while the survey object of this study is daily behaviour of citizens. The proposed theoretical model extends the traditional TPB by incorporating the cognitive and irrational factors, and offers deeper insights into the process of behaviour change. Besides, the findings also provide implications for government agencies in the field of marine litter control and waste management.

ROLE OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR AND WELFARE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

Animal behavior and welfare play pivotal roles in livestock production and management, shaping the well-being of animals and the industry's overall success. The primary aim of the study is to find the role of animal behaviour and welfare in livestock production and management. The comprehensive study was conducted at University of Veterinary &amp; Animal Sciences Lahore from November 2021 to January 2022. Behavioral data were collected from various livestock species, including cattle, poultry, pigs, and sheep. Observations were made in various settings, such as farms, feedlots, and poultry houses, to capture a comprehensive view of animal behavior. A total of 220 animals were included in the research. Observations revealed that cattle exhibited grazing behaviors for an average of 6 hours daily, while poultry engaged in frequent feeding bouts totaling 10 hours daily. Pigs and sheep displayed flexible feeding behaviors with an average of 8 hours per day, consistent with earlier findings. It is concluded that this study plays a pivotal role in animal behavior and welfare in livestock production and management. Understanding and accommodating natural behaviors, mitigating environmental stressors, and adhering to ethical guidelines contribute to healthier, more contented livestock.