Main Content Research Articles

Особенности трудового поведения современной российской молодежи

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the of modern Russian youth labor behavior specifics, namely: focus on the meaning and content of professional activity; desire for self-realization; the growing demand for social guarantees of labor provided by law; the importance of the financial component; the importance of fair job evaluation; special requirements for the team, which should be based on a partnership type of relationship and be a set of friendly relations. Particular attention is paid to the difference between young people and the previous generation in the field of attitudes towards money. Young people tend to quickly spend what they earn on pleasure in its various manifestations, which is largely dictated by the trends of the consumer society, where public opinion has undergone a transformation, within which it has ceased to be condemned to want to be saturated with all possible goods, services and travel. A generalized description of such a phenomenon as instant culture, erasing and forming the traditional hierarchical boundaries of a professional career and forms the attitude “here and now, everything at once” is given. In this regard, young people are extremely unhappy when they do not see the quick results of their work. The essence and the reasons for the career trend “quiet quitting” when an employee is limited to performing only his direct duties stipulated by the employment contract, are revealed. The main content of the article presents the expertise affecting the relevant subject area, and the results of sociological surveys of the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, as well as data from other studies. The article may be useful for employers, human resource managers, specialists in the research field on the attitude of modern youth to professional activities.

Research on a Wire Rope Breakage Detection Device for High-Speed Operation Based on the Multistage Excitation Principle

Wire rope breakage, as damage easily produced during the service period of wire rope, is an important factor affecting the safe operation of elevators. Especially in the high-speed elevator operation process, the problem of magnetization unsaturation caused by speed effects can easily lead to deformation of the magnetic flux leakage detection signal, thereby affecting the accuracy and reliability of wire breakage quantitative detection. Therefore, this article focuses on the problem that existing wire rope detection methods cannot perform non-destructive testing on high-speed elevator wire ropes and conducts design and experimental research on a high-speed running wire rope breakage detection device based on the principle of multi-stage excitation. The main research content includes simulation research on the multistage excitation, structural design, and simulation optimization of open–close copper sheet magnetizers and the building of a detection device for wire rope breakage detection experimental research. The simulation and experimental results show that the multistage magnetization method can effectively solve the problem of magnetization unsaturation caused by the velocity effect. The multistage excitation device has a good wire breakage recognition effect for speeds less than or equal to 3 m/s. It can detect magnetic leakage signals with a minimum of four broken wires and has good detection accuracy. It is a new and effective wire breakage detection device for high-speed elevator wire rope, providing important technical support for the safe and reliable operation of high-speed elevators.

Women in Lexicography: a collaborative citizens project

Abstract This paper presents the version 1.0 of the collaborative citizens project Women in Lexicography (WL), which aims to compile and to increase the visibility of female lexicographers’ work in different countries and continents. It explains how this project came about and how the main structural and content characteristics of this collaborative tool were defined, focusing on the description of the Dictionary Platform where WL is hosted and the macro and microstructure of Women in Lexicography. In addition to the presentation of the dictionary from a lexicographical perspective, the role of the work as a cultural mediator is the guiding principle of the contribution. This open science, i. e. this citizen lexicography project, represents a model of sustainable and socially responsible lexicography.

Characteristics and Kinematics of Bali Bull Sperms after Thawing Using Tris Soy Lecithin

Soy functions as an extracellular cryoprotectant, which can maintain the integrity of spermatozoa cell membranes with its main content is lecithin. Lecithin from soybeans protects sperm cells from cold stress and reduces the effects of oxidative stress during cryopreservation. This study aimed to analyse the effect of various levels of lecithin diluent on the quality of Bali bull semen during cryopreservation. Semen collection of Bali bull was carried out once a week during four times consecutively using an artificial vagina. The semen was then diluted using the essential ingredient Tris Aminomethan with the addition of powdered soy lecithin; P1 (1 %), P2 (3 %) and P3 (5 %), respectively. Andromed® (K1) as a positive control and Tris without soy lecithin (K2) as a negative control. The parameters observed were motility, progressive motility, kinematics, viability, membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity. The results of this study showed that the dilution of semen with soy lecithin before and after thawing the semen quality was not significantly different (P< 0.05) in motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity. Meanwhile, the kinematics of VAP, VCL, VSL, DAP, DCL, and DSL showed that the average quality increased at P3 compared to K1, K2, P1, and P2, which decreased after thawing or were significantly different (P< 0.05). It can be concluded that Bali bull semen diluted with 3% and 5% of tris soy lecithin produces good characteristics and kinematics, can protect spermatozoa from cold shock.

Research on the Influence of Educational Psychology on Teachers Education and Teaching

In recent years, education has been continuously developing and improving. The traditional cramming style of teaching and preaching style of education are being negated more and more. The development of modern education requires teachers to be able to master students psychology. At the same time, pay attention to the teacher-student interaction in teaching practice. Educational psychology is a science that studies the basic psychological laws of learning and teaching in the context of education and teaching. It mainly studies the psychological process of the teacher-student interaction in teaching and learning, and the psychological phenomenon in the process of teaching and learning. Although Educational psychology is closely related to the basic theories of general psychology, its main research content is students psychological phenomena and the regular pattern of psychological development under the conditions of education and teaching. The relationship between Educational psychology and pedagogy is quite close. Through the guidance of Educational psychology, teachers can understand students psychological phenomena and psychological development laws under the conditions of education and teaching. With the help of Educational psychology, it is easier for teachers to understand students learning motivation, habits, and influencing factors. Teachers, through the appropriate application of educational psychology, can improve the overall planning of education and teaching, improve teaching methods, and improve teaching efficiency.

The sanctions regime for doing business in the securities and collective investments market

Restrictions on the Russian financial sector by foreign states, their associations and international organizations, as well as retaliatory measures on the part of Russia, in their entirety, can be described as a sanctions regime for doing business in the securities and collective investments market. The article reveals the main content of these sanctions restrictions and retaliatory measures. The sanctions regime is intended to become the basis for reviewing a number of principles of the organization and functioning of the securities and collective investments market. The restructuring of the international financial center established in Russia is required, based on the presumption that there is a risk of sudden unfriendly actions on the part of any of the foreign states or financial institutions, even if they are friendly as of today. Emphasis should be placed on the development of national institutions of the securities market and collective investments, which should largely be replaced by relevant foreign institutions. The principle of openness and transparency of the Russian stock market is subject to revision.

VOLTAGE ON THE POWER ELECTRIC DIODES OF A THREE-PHASE BRIDGE COMPENSATION CONVERTER WITH ONE COMMUTATING LINK

The operating conditions of power electric diodes of a three-phase bridge compensation converter with one commutating link, which consists of a three-phase capacitor battery and a three-phase group of fully controlled devices, are investigated. This technical solution makes it possible to ensure the recharging of the capacitors of the commutating link and the control of the energy process of the converter. At the same time, the operating conditions of its power equipment also change. The main content of the study is the analysis of the components of the reverse voltage of the power electric diodes of the compensation part of the converter and the dynamics of its change during the regulation of the electromagnetic process by transistors of the commutating link. This is required when determining the class of diodes in the case of introducing a converter according to the scheme under study into production. The study of the magnitude and form of the reverse voltage was carried out for two modes: the transistors of the commutating link are controlled within the framework of the operation of the power electric diodes of their phase and the next one. The volume of research is limited to the analysis of processes at a single frequency of control pulses. As a result, it was proved that on the power electric diodes of the compensation part of the converter, the reverse voltage is less than on other valves. The reason for this is the commutating voltage of the capacitors, which, superimposed on the line voltage of the secondary winding of the converter transformer, reduces the maximum value of the reverse voltage curve of the electric diodes.

Understanding university graduate’s independent entrepreneurship by 3D designing cultural and creative products

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global economy is sluggish and the employment situation is grim. It is difficult for fresh graduates to find a job with a stable income. Therefore, college students' self-employment has become one of the main forms of college graduates. Among them, designing a meaningful cultural and creative product for sale is one of the ways for art graduates to achieve employment. However, college students' entrepreneurship must face fierce competition from existing cultural and creative products in the market, which often leads to a high failure rate of college students' entrepreneurship and a weaker ability to resist market risks. Based on the above problems, this paper is triggered to help college students quickly adapt to the business competition environment. The research methods of this subject mainly include the following two: (1) With the help of teachers, college graduates majoring in art and design can design cultural and creative products with practical, beautiful, and cultural characteristics, so that these novel cultural and creative products have price competitiveness and product design competitiveness in existing cultural and creative products. (2) Helping college students to visit enterprises broadening employment channels, and expanding sales forms through college leaders are also effective ways to improve students' self-employment. From these two aspects, the main research content of this paper is to promote the entrepreneurship and employment of college students in the context of COVID-19.

Evaluating the Impact of Data Transformation Techniques on the Performance and Interpretability of Software Defect Prediction Models

The performance of software defect prediction (SDP) models determines the priority of test resource allocation. Researchers also use interpretability techniques to gain empirical knowledge about software quality from SDP models. However, SDP methods designed in the past research rarely consider the impact of data transformation methods, simple but commonly used preprocessing techniques, on the performance and interpretability of SDP models. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the impact of three data transformation methods (Log, Minmax, and Z-score) on the performance and interpretability of SDP models. Through empirical research on (i) six classification techniques (random forest, decision tree, logistic regression, Naive Bayes, K-nearest neighbors, and multilayer perceptron), (ii) six performance evaluation indicators (Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1, MCC, and AUC), (iii) two interpretable methods (permutation and SHAP), (iv) two feature importance measures (Top-k feature rank overlap and difference), and (v) three datasets (Promise, Relink, and AEEEM), our results show that the data transformation methods can significantly improve the performance of the SDP models and greatly affect the variation of the most important features. Specifically, the impact of data transformation methods on the performance and interpretability of SDP models depends on the classification techniques and evaluation indicators. We observe that log transformation improves NB model performance by 7%–61% on the other five indicators with a 5% drop in Precision. Minmax and Z-score transformation improves NB model performance by 2%–9% across all indicators. However, all three transformation methods lead to substantial changes in the Top-5 important feature ranks, with differences exceeding 2 in 40%–80% of cases (detailed results available in the main content). Based on our findings, we recommend that (1) considering the impact of data transformation methods on model performance and interpretability when designing SDP approaches as transformations can improve model accuracy, and potentially obscure important features, which lead to challenges in interpretation, (2) conducting comparative experiments with and without the transformations to validate the effectiveness of proposed methods which are designed to improve the prediction performance, and (3) tracking changes in the most important features before and after applying data transformation methods to ensure precise and traceable interpretability conclusions to gain insights. Our study reminds researchers and practitioners of the need for comprehensive considerations even when using other similar simple data processing methods.

Failure analysis and factors influencing spline wear in hydraulic motors of charging pumps in nuclear power plants

Metallographic analysis techniques such as optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology of spline wear, confirming the presence of fretting wear characteristics. Microstructural analysis of spline cross sections using a metallographic microscope revealed surface carburization treatment on the splines. Hardness tests conducted from the surface to the core of the splines showed a gradual decrease in hardness, consistent with the observed microstructural features. The chemical composition of the spline was analyzed using a spectrometer, and the main component content was analyzed.By combining finite element analysis techniques, this study analyzed the effects of factors such as forces, eccentricity, and lubrication on spline wear. The results indicated that the varying degrees of spline wear in the hydraulic motors of charging pumps in the on-site conditions of the nuclear power plant were primarily attributed to differences in spline eccentricity after manufacture and assembly. Further investigation revealed that the fundamental cause of spline wear in hydraulic motors was the operation of the equipment under conditions deviating from the rated operating points, resulting in poor circulation of oil within the motors and insufficient spline lubrication. Specifically, operating the equipment at lower pressures and away from the rated operating points resulted in reduced oil flow velocity, increasing the friction between the spline mating surfaces. The poor lubrication of the spline and eccentricity are the primary reasons for spline wear, and the combination of these two factors exacerbates spline wear. To address the wear issue of the hydraulic motor, we replaced it with a linear-axis hydraulic motor and conducted a comprehensive analysis of the linear-axis hydraulic motor. The results indicate that the linear-axis hydraulic motor can effectively reduce wear, and after testing at the nuclear power plant, it meets the operational time requirements on-site.These findings offer valuable guidance for the maintenance and operation of charging pumps in nuclear power plants, facilitating the prevention of similar issues and enhancing equipment reliability and operational efficiency.

Differences in the quality of black tea (Camellia sinensis var. Yinghong No. 9) in different seasons and the underlying factors

Spring green tea is usually considered to be better than summer green tea. Whether this phenomenon applies to black tea is unknown. Black tea produced using Camellia sinensis var. Yinghong No. 9 leaves is popular in South China and analyzed in the study. The taste and color quality of the infusion was higher for spring tea than for summer tea. Compared with summer tea, the main catechin contents were lower in spring tea, whereas caffeine and total amino acid contents were higher, especially glutamic acid, which may be responsible for the differences between teas. Moreover, spring tea had a higher theabrownin content and a lower L* value. The compounds contributing to the infusion taste and color were correlated with the chromaticity value (i.e., useful indicator of black tea quality). This study revealed the seasonal differences in Yinghong No. 9 black tea quality and the key underlying factors.

Research on the Investment Value of the New Energy Vehicle Industry

At present, the reserves of fossil energy resources are constantly decreasing, and it is foreseeable that there will be a shortage of fossil energy in the future. At the same time, the protection of the environment in various countries is constantly increasing, which makes the market for traditional fuel vehicles increasingly narrow. Therefore, to solve these problems, the emergence of new energy vehicles has become an inevitable choice for various car companies. The emerging energy vehicle market, which has emerged with the research and development, is still a constantly developing and unknown market. The goal of this article is to study the investment value of the current emerging energy vehicle market by analyzing emerging energy vehicles business such as NIO, Xiaopeng, and Li. The main research content of this article is the various capability indicators of NIO, Xiaopeng, and Li three car companies, to judge the investment value. This article draws some conclusions through research, including the enterprise value multiples of three car companies, four capability indicators, finally, it is concluded that the current emerging energy vehicle market is not worth investing in for investors. These achievements have a certain reference value for investors to invest in the emerging energy vehicle industry.

The Growth and Monetization of PC Games and Mobile Games

For the future university application, this paper carried out research and exploration on this subject, and finally put my success into this paper. My goal is to break down these two game models thoroughly and give the company a better idea of which one is more promising. The main research content is the differences between mobile games and personal computer (PC) games, and the development of these two game modes from early to recent times and changes in market size. Finally, by analyzing their different business sizes and their different growth, we can give game companies, or companies willing to get involved in games, a better idea of which type of game to develop in which situation. After studying historical literature and analyzing various data, the conclusion is that if a company wants to monetize or capture the market in the short term, it can do so through mobile games. Because mobile games are fast to develop, and because the user base is diverse, there are many ways to make money. If you have a long time and enough money, you can develop quality PC games, and you can use that to boost your reputation (if it's good enough).

Research on Price Prediction of Digital Currency Based on Machine Learning

Since the invention of digital currency, the social recognition and demand for special currency and similar cryptocurrencies have increased significantly with the development of digital currency and blockchain technology. The rapid rise in the price of digital currency and its significant volatility attracts a large number of users to invest in it as a digital asset. Before the formation of a regulatory strategy with a standardized system, the development of digital currency will undoubtedly have an increasing impact on society, and its price fluctuation will become an unstable factor in society by increasing the risk to users. Therefore, finding out the factors that affect the price of digital currency and forecasting its price has become the focus of research on Bitcoin in recent years. This will not only help investors and relevant institutions understand Bitcoin and the digital currency market but also help improve the financial market and its policies. In this paper, I use a machine learning model to predict the price of digital currency from both numerical and trend aspects. The main contents include the following elements.First, in terms of data characteristics, I comprehensively summarized and referred to the previous research on the price of special currency at home and abroad. Second, in terms of model prediction, I designed a two-stage feature processing method, used three kinds of recurrent neural network models to compare and predict the price of digital currency, and used recursive feature elimination (RFE) and logical regression (LR), random forest (RF), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naive Bayes (NB), five commonly used machine learning models, are combined to predict the price trend of Bitcoin.

Physical Contacts Between Mitochondria and WPBs Participate in WPB Maturation.

Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) are endothelial cell-specific cigar-shaped secretory organelles containing various biologically active molecules. WPBs play crucial roles in thrombosis, hemostasis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. The main content of WPBs is the procoagulant protein vWF (von Willebrand factor). Physical contacts and functional cross talk between mitochondria and other organelles have been demonstrated. Whether an interorganellar connection exists between mitochondria and WPBs is unknown. We observed physical contacts between mitochondria and WPBs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by electron microscopy and living cell confocal microscopy. We developed an artificial intelligence-assisted method to quantify the duration and length of organelle contact sites in live cells. We found there existed physical contacts between mitochondria and WPBs. Disruption of mitochondrial function affected the morphology of WPBs. Furthermore, we found that Rab3b, a small GTPase on the WPBs, was enriched at the mitochondrion-WPB contact sites. Rab3b deficiency reduced interaction between the two organelles and impaired the maturation of WPBs and vWF multimer secretion. Our results reveal that Rab3b plays a crucial role in mediating the mitochondrion-WPB contacts, and that mitochondrion-WPB coupling is critical for the maturation of WPBs in vascular endothelial cells.

Optimization of preparation conditions, molecular structure analysis and antitumor activity of sulfated sodium alginate oligosaccharides

Sodium alginate is a kind of marine polysaccharide extracted from brown algae, and its degradation products have been widely used in food, medicine and other fields. Sodium alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) was degraded by hydrogen peroxide from sodium alginate and modified by sulfonic acid-chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine to obtain sulfated alginate oligosaccharide (S-AOS). The main research contents included the optimization of the preparation process of S-AOS and the study of its structure characterization and biological activity. First, the optimal reaction conditions of S-AOS were optimized by single factor analysis and response surface analysis. The sulfated derivatives were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Nuclear magnetic resonance Hydrogen (1H NMR) spectrum and Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and molecular formula and substitutions were determined. Molecular docking, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were used to predict S-AOS biological activity and possible action targets, and the mechanism of tumor suppression activity of S-AOS was preliminarily investigated. The results showed that, the optimal reaction conditions for S-AOS was finally determined as: Chlorosulfonic acid - pyridine volume ratio was 7:1. Sulfation reagent – AOS volume ratio was 3:1. Reaction time was 3 h. Reaction temperature Was 40 ℃. Under this condition. In contrast to AOS, S-AOS showed two new absorption peaks in the FTIR spectrum and two new chemical shift peaks in the 1H NMR spectrum, suggesting that the sulfate group selectively reacts with the hydroxyl groups on the third carbon and the fourth on the mannoconide. The relative molecular mass of S-AOS was 1566 g/mol and a degree of sulfate substitution was 0.931. Molecular docking screening, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of S-AOS revealed that it may have a role in apoptosis, oxidative stress, thrombosis, and cellular autophagy. In vitro experiments showed that S-AOS could inhibit the expression of apoptosis and proliferation related proteins, and showed certain anti-tumor activity. S-AOS had more or stronger biological activity by introducing sulfuric acid groups, and its application in the field of biomedicine is expanded.

Virtual site visits in Construction Management education: A practical alternative to physical site visits

Construction site visits and hands-on experiences are among the important instruments for educators in construction engineering and management to provide students with valuable knowledge and more engaging learning experiences. However, in addition to its existing logistical challenges, the COVID-19 pandemic has made site visits even more inaccessible as in-person classes and site visits moved to distant learning or got canceled. In a distance education system, conducting a physical site visit is not an easy task. This study focuses on the use of virtual site visits in construction and experiencing virtual hands-on training using immersive videos. Three types of video formats were used as the main content delivery methods in this pilot study namely, 2D flat, 360-degree, and 180-degree 3D videos. This method was adopted and tested in two courses that were previously face-to-face, which were then shifted to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of immersive videos gave students who would not have the ability to experience a physical site visit, the opportunity to experience the construction site environment and receive educational direction during a pre-recorded, hands-on, immersive video project. The goal of this study is to understand students’ experience with the provided technology, necessary improvement, implications for future research, and the potential implementations of this technology. A costume set of questionnaires was designed to retrieve students’ feedback on their experience which includes a comparison of different content delivery methods and four other study measures: knowledge retention, sense of presence, user experience, and overall satisfaction. Multiple statistical analyses were conducted on the collected data to provide both descriptive details and further insight into the study parameters and their relationship with each other and between different parameters.

Virtual site visits in Construction Management education: A practical alternative to physical site visits (REDIRECT)

Construction site visits and hands-on experiences are among the important instruments for educators in construction engineering and management to provide students with valuable knowledge and more engaging learning experiences. However, in addition to its existing logistical challenges, the COVID-19 pandemic has made site visits even more inaccessible as in-person classes and site visits moved to distant learning or got canceled. In a distance education system, conducting a physical site visit is not an easy task. This study focuses on the use of virtual site visits in construction and experiencing virtual hands-on training using immersive videos. Three types of video formats were used as the main content delivery methods in this pilot study namely, 2D flat, 360-degree, and 180-degree 3D videos. This method was adopted and tested in two courses that were previously face-to-face, which were then shifted to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of immersive videos gave students who would not have the ability to experience a physical site visit, the opportunity to experience the construction site environment and receive educational direction during a pre-recorded, hands-on, immersive video project. The goal of this study is to understand students’ experience with the provided technology, necessary improvement, implications for future research, and the potential implementations of this technology. A costume set of questionnaires was designed to retrieve students’ feedback on their experience which includes a comparison of different content delivery methods and four other study measures: knowledge retention, sense of presence, user experience, and overall satisfaction. Multiple statistical analyses were conducted on the collected data to provide both descriptive details and further insight into the study parameters and their relationship with each other and between different parameters.

The Use of Punishment as a Way to Relization Political Goals in International Relations (Theoretical Study)

The problem of the application of punishment to realization political goals in international relations is considered. The author characterizes the social institution of punishment, indicates its place and role in the structure of social relations. The political and legal component of punishment is analyzed in the context of unilateral sanctions of some sovereign states against others. The main forms and content of the influence of political goals on the institution of international legal sanctionspunishments are determined. The author’s vision of such specific phenomena as “self-punishment” and “political engagement” is substantiated. An algorithm for identifying the political bias of decisions on the imposition of international legal penalties, as well as possible ways to develop an adequate response to them from the “punished” subjects (target states) is formulated. The empirical base of the study includes materials on the application of punishments by individual and collective subjects of international relations against the Russian Federation, including the geopolitical consequences of the relevant sanctions decisions.

Политико-правовая идеология И.В. Сталина: общий дискурс

Introduction. The study of the state and law of the USSR, whose successor and legal continuer is the modern Russian Federation, is impossible in isolation from the activities and political outlook of I.V. Stalin, one of its founders and state leader for almost thirty years. The subject of the paper is the discourse analysis of the political and legal ideology of I.V. Stalin by studying the ontological and epistemological prerequisites of its content and identifying on this basis the historical and cultural conditionality of its conceptual idea. Methods. The methodological framework for the work is a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the main ones are a combination of dialectics and metaphysics, formational and civilizational approaches, and a number of general scientific and specific scientific methods. The main content of the paper is to establish the features of Stalin’s worldview as a politician and theorist and to study the main points of view on the general nature of his political ideology to provide its most adequate scientific description and definition. Results and conclusions. In relation to the general discourse of I.V. Stalin’s political ideology, the most adequate definitions would be “national Bolshevism” for the period of its formation and crystallization and “national-state socialism” for a later period, which characterizes its content in its mature and final version much more accurately. The fundamental conceptual formula of the Russian nationalization of the communist doctrine was the Stalinist idea of the possibility of building socialism in one single country. It became the value foundation of Stalin’s socio-political project, in whose theoretical justification there was a creative synthesis of the teachings of Marxism-Leninism with the traditions of Russian statehood.