Methods Of Linguistic Analysis Research Articles

Rules of succession through a focus on everyday life based on the кadiaskers’ notes of the XVII–XVIII centuries

The goal of the research is to clarify the rules of succession through a focus on everyday life in the Crimean Khanate. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that until now both individual aspects and the general everyday life of the Crimean Khanate have not been studied. In turn, this is due to the fact that the sources of the Crimean Khanate period are mostly written in the Arabic script. Much attention in the article is paid to new facts revealed during the study of the Kadiaskers’ notebooks of the XVII–XVIII centuries. An analysis of the recorded court decisions allowed us to clarify not only one aspect of the extensive legislative system, but also to imagine the everyday life in the Crimean Khanate. When writing the article, the following scientific-research methods were used: comparative-historical method, linguistic analysis method and others. The identified examples of court decisions from the Kadiaskers’ notebooks have been transliterated and translated from Arabic (the Ottoman language) into Russian, which will significantly facilitate the work for future research. During the research, it has been found out that the executive and legal authorities in the Crimean Khanate worked strictly according to the established Muslim legislative system, the Sharia laws. Each individual example taken and examined reveals the details of life situations and gives an opportunity to look into the everyday life of an ordinary person.

SYSTEMATICITY OF THE FORMATION OF POTENTIAL WORDS AS AN EXPRESSION OF THE TRANSPARENCY OF THE LEXICAL SYSTEM OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

The work is devoted to the study of potential nouns and adjectives. The purpose of the study is to identify the place of potential words in the word-formation system of the Russian language. The following methods of linguistic analysis were used in the work: a synchronous-descriptive method, including observation, comparison, juxtaposition, generalization, interpretation of linguistic data, and system analysis method. The material for the description was mainly the works of E. Yevtushenko. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that potential words are a product of speech, not language. But they represent part of the general word formation and stand out in it. Potential words are laid down by the word-formation system of the language itself, created based on productive models of the Russian word-formation system. They can fill in the empty cells of word-formation paradigms using productive word-formation models. The study of trends in the development of modern Russian word formation has an undoubted theoretical significance for the development of the science of word formation, which makes it possible to study the mechanism of the emergence of new words. Also, it makes it possible to practically apply the findings in university teaching of word formation, lexicology of the Russian language, in the practice of compiling dictionaries, etc. KEYWORDS: derivation, methods of derivation, morphemes, derived word, potential word (potentialism).

PIDGINISATION AS LINGUOCULTURAL PHENOMENON (on the example of African linguoculture)

This article identifies the features of such a linguocultural phenomenon as pidginisation and creolisation on the example of African linguoculture. The scientific problem is caused by the influence of globalisation on the state of languages and cultures within the framework of intercultural and interlanguage interaction, on the one hand, and the need to preserve native languages and cultures, on the other hand. The purpose of the article is to identify the key properties of such hybrid languages as Pidgin English and Creole English which operate in the largest country in West Africa – Nigeria. The research work is based on a combination of linguistic and cultural analysis method, which revealed the peculiarities of language and culture in the process of historical development, and comparative analysis method, which is the key to distinguish similar and distinctive features of Nigerian Pidgin English in relation to British English. The research work systematised the key historical, linguistic and cultural factors that influenced the formation and Pidgin English and Creole English development in Africa, and identified its key characteristics. It was proved that English is a universal means of interethnic communication for all social groups, but Pidgin English has simple structure at all language levels – phonetic, grammatical, lexical ones – and suits for everyday communication perfectly. Adapting to local realities, Nigerian Pidgin English at the phonetic level is the subject to assimilation and dissimilation of consonants, quantitative and qualitative reduction of vowels. The grammatical structure of Nigerian Pidgin English is the subject to maximum simplification, this level is characterised by the omission of articles; the use of abstract nouns in the plural form; the formation of adjectives’ comparison degrees and adverbs on the principle of a monosyllabic adjective; the use of simple tense forms of verb. The lexical structure of Nigerian Pidgin English is characterised by the functioning of high-frequency lexemes of autochthonous languages, which is due to the desire to follow the norms of native culture. All deviations from British English are explained by the need to create an accessible form of communication for all social groups using minimal linguistic means.

Старинная немецкая песня в историко-культурном и переводческом аспектах (на примере баллады „Liebe ohne Stand“ из сборника А. фон Арнима и К. Брентано «Волшебный рог мальчика»)

The article is devoted to the problem of an old German song translation from German into Russian, which is relevant for modern linguistics. Aiming at an adequate poetic translation of the ballad “Liebe ohne Stand”, the author conducts a detailed pre-translation cultural and linguistic analysis of the original text. Using hermeneutical and comparative methods, as well as methods of structural and linguistic analysis, the author creates a basis for the further translation. As a result, a translation of the ballad with comments is presented, and the features of the poetic translation of a medieval song from German into Russian are established.

Фразеологічна експресивність у вінницькій пресі

Phraseology is a unique linguistic phenomenon and a communicative component of the language system, which functions actively and changes under the influence of extralingual and intralingual factors. Observations of modern media discourse convincingly show that the language of mass media reacts quite sensitively to the events and realities now, accumulating everything in the lexical and phraseological system of the language. In the article, mediaphraseology is considered as a complex of figuratively-expressive fixed expressions in the media language, which perform a text-creating role, give a special expressiveness, bright stylistic coloring to journalistic works. There are tendency to the use of such linguistic units in the original composition and in the transformed. The purpose of the article is to analyze the functioning peculiarities and expressiveness of phraseological units in modern regional press (on the material of the newspaper “Vinnychchyna”). The main research method is the descriptive method, which involves observation, classification, generalization and interpretation of phraseological means in journalistic works. At various stages of the research, the method of functional analysis was used to determine the expressive role of the phrase. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systematization, as well as the special scientific methods of linguistic text analysis were also applied. Results. The phraseologisms, proverbs, sayings, aphorisms are obligatory linguistic-stylistic components of journalistic publications, a kind of source of expressive and emotional coloring of content, creating a special imagery and expressiveness in media texts. Analyzing the regional media discourse, we observe a variety of phraseological means. They express the stylistics and aesthetics of journalistic speech, aptly create an emotional flavor for a special perception of the text and a more effective impact on the reader's consciousness. The expressiveness of the phraseology relates to the concepts of imagery, evaluation, emotionality, connotation and intertextuality. Originality. Phraseological resources, like modern vocabulary, are dynamically updated, in particular in the media. It`s evidenced by linguistic and lexicographic works. Mediaphraseology was considered in structural-semantic, functional-stylistic and communicative-pragmatic aspects, mainly on materials of various all-Ukrainian publications. However, the regional segment of this media-linguistic field remains relevant and promising mainly for local researchers. Conclusion. In the Vinnytsia press (on the material of the weekly “Vinnychchyna”) we find various phraseological representations of figurative reinterpretation of the facts of reality, which strengthens the expressive potential of the presentation, condenses semantics and enlivens attention. Expressiveness acquires a kind of pragmatics in the phraseologized headlines of the Vinnytsia newspaper, which are less informative, but attract attention, intrigue with their veiled expression, give an impetus to decoding the title of the publication after reading it. Transformed phrasemes update the imagery of established expressions, actualize the emotional and expressive meaning, enrich the newly created context with certain connotations.

Linguistic means of identity construction in media texts (comparative analysis of political interviews)

he study aimed to determine and explain the influence of discourse of political interviews on audience identity construction and their understanding of social and political processes. Methods of cross-cultural analysis, Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the method of linguistic analysis of identity markers in media text, and the method of linguistic analysis of identity markers were used in the study. The reliability of the methods was checked with Cronbach's alpha. The increase in the importance of media and social networks in identity construction indicates reorientation of the modern society towards digital platforms as a key factor of public position determination. Increased individualization was fixed in identity formation, where personal choices and clarity are important factors affecting the self-determination process. The study confirms that identity formation in media texts is a complex and multifaceted process, which includes the interaction of different aspects as individual, group, cultural and political identities. Further research perspectives are the study of the role of new technologies, including artificial intelligence and large data analysis in identity construction and interaction with the audience in the digital environment.

STRUCTURE AND SEMANTICS OF THE INAUGURAL SPEECH IN THE PRESIDENTIAL DISCOURSE (ON THE MATERIAL IN UKRAINIAN, POLISH, SLOVAK AND SERBIAN LANGUAGES)

The article is devoted to the study of structural and semantic features of the main speech genre of presidential rhetoric — the inaugural speech. We characterized the main approaches to defining the speech genre and highlighted the structural components of the inaugural speech in political discourse. The purpose of the study is to reveal the structural and semantic features of the presidents’ inaugural speeches presented in Slavic languages (Ukrainian, Polish, Slovak and Serbian). The object of the research is the presidential discourse implemented in the speech activity of the presidents of Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia and Serbia. The subject of the study is the structural components and semantic features of the inaugural speeches in the presidential discourse. We analyzed the inaugural speeches of the presidents who held this position in the first half of 2024: Volodymyr Zelensky (Ukraine), Andrzej Duda (Republic of Poland), Zuzana Čaputová (Slovak Republic), Aleksandar Vučić (Republic of Serbia). The material for the analysis was the texts of the inaugural speeches delivered by the presidents in the last term. The methods of component and linguistic stylistic analysis were used to analyze the structural and semantic features of the inaugural speeches. The component analysis made it possible to consider the lexical semantics, and the linguistic stylistic analysis became the basis for determining the stylistic features of the texts. The structure of the inaugural speech covers the framework elements of the greeting, conclusion, formulation of the political creed. Speech acts of thanksgiving are the main structural elements of the inaugural speech of the presidents. At the semantic level, the inaugural speech contains a description of the political situation in the country in the context of historical events and a specification of program provisions of a priority nature. Common elements for the inaugural speeches of the presidents of Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia and Serbia are the presence of mandatory structural elements, the dominance of speech acts of thanksgiving, appeals to the historical past and the formulation of future political steps. Among the specific features of presidential speeches, the use of ethnonyms in the speeches of V. Zelenskyi and A. Duda was recorded; the dominance of references to ancient history in the speeches of A. Duda and O. Vuchich; V. Zelenskyi’s criticism of the previous government, in particular the country’s presidents.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTIC AND STYLISTIC PECUARITIES OF THE EPITHET IN THE ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN FAIRY TALES (BASED ON THE TALES OF O. WILDE AND M.E. SALTYKOV-SHCHEDRIN)

Background. Studying and understanding stylistic devices, and, in particular, the epithet, is an integral part of the world linguistic picture. The epithet is inextricably linked with all literary works and is therefore a key part of any language. It reveals the attitude of native speakers to certain phenomena, which is manifested in the use of words stable for epithets. However, the lack of certainty in various aspects of the study of the epithet determines the need for its further study. The subject of the study is the linguistic and stylistic features of the epithet in English and Russian fairy tales. Purpose. The article identifies and compares the linguistic and stylistic features of epithets in the English and Russian fairy tales. Materials and methods: The material for the study comprises 150 epithets from the fairy tales of O. Wilde the fairy tales of M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. When analyzing the material, the following methods of linguistic analysis were used: semantic, stylistic, cultural, comparative and quantitative analysis, as well as the continuous sampling method. Results. As a result of a comparative study, identical and distinctive pecularities of epithets in two languages were identified. It was determined that the stylistic characteristics of epithets are largely similar, but it is emphasized that the English-language epithets are more unique and concise than Russian-language ones, which, in turn, are characterized by repetition and figurative meaning. In the English-language examples, there was greater neutrality and an emphasis on the positive and neutral qualities of the characters. Negative connotations were noted in the Russian-language epithets. Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in the study of the courses in stylistics, foreign literature, as well as in foreign language classes.

The Syntax of the Genitive Case in Longus’ Novel Daphnis and Chloe

This study aims to explore the syntactic functions and characteristics of the genitive case in the ancient Greek novel “Daphnis and Chloe” by Longus, a text from the 2nd century AD, which exemplifies the “second sophistic” period of rhetorical development. The primary source for this research is the text of “Daphnis and Chloe”, which has been thoroughly analysed to ascertain the usage of the genitive case in various syntactic roles. The research employs descriptive and structural methods of linguistic analysis. The descriptive method identifies and explains instances of the genitive case within the text, while the structural method examines the relationships between these instances and other linguistic elements. The genitive case in the novel is found to perform multiple syntactic functions, including controlling verbs, nouns, adjectives, and expressing various semantic nuances. Detailed examples are provided to illustrate these functions and their impact on the text’s meaning. The findings offer a foundation for further studies of the genitive case in ancient Greek texts, providing significant insights for researchers and linguists interested in ancient Greek grammar and its syntactic constructions. The study enhances understanding of ancient rhetorical techniques and their application in literary texts during the “second sophistic” period.

Shifting Communicative Roles through Subcode Switching and Blending in Works of Zadie Smith

This study is part of the discourse on code-switching in conversational discourse. The aim of this article is to describe frequent instances of subcode switching and mixing in a multicultural environment, as well as to determine their involvement in communicative role exchanges within the literary texts of a contemporary English writer. The object of description is examples of (sub)code switching and mixing in the literary texts of Zadie Smith. The research employs linguistic analysis methods alongside observation, comparison, and interpretation techniques to highlight the significance of role exchange in the context of subcode switching and mixing. The novelty of this study lies in its examination of role exchange in a multicultural setting. The author emphasizes the pace of role exchange as a crucial indicator of interaction dynamics in heterogeneous cultural environments. The relevance of this research stems from the importance of understanding complex communicative frameworks that involve participants, social parameters, intentions, and speech communication situations. Definitions of subcode mixing and subcode switching are provided, with a clear distinction between code and subcode concepts.

FICTION AS SYNTHESIS OF MULTI-MODE MEANS OF PRESENTING NARRATIVE INFORMATION

Despite a considerable number of discoveries made in the XX and XXI centuries in the field of linguistics, there still remain a few global problems demanding their solution or treatment on the new level of scientific and social development. Amongst those, we shall mention the issue of giving a clearcut definition of fiction. This challenge has become even more difficult due to such new literary forms as digital literature, comics, fanfiction, narrative videogames, etc. Thus, the topicality of the article follows from the linguo-gnoseological importance of defining the very term “fiction” in a world with the dominance of computer technologies, providing more and more new ways of transmitting information. Our work is also motivated by the lack of serious research suggesting objective criteria for a modern piece of fiction. Hence, the research aims at specifying what can be understood as fiction in modern conditions and at characterizing the peculiarities of narrative representation in fiction today. The work is grounded on the postulates of information theory and narrative studies, coupled with classical methods of linguistic analysis. Thus, the results obtained in the process of investigation can be summarized in the following conclusions. A piece of fiction is a work of art which is built around a certain narrative. Its aesthetic component is shaped by the latter and by the communicative goal set up by the author. Narrative here is codified by means of verbal (and sometimes non-verbal) signs and presents an extra-lingual situation arousing the reader’s interest since it reflects or has nothing to do with their own cognitive experience, teases their ability to predict the plotline and influences their world pictures in the process of indirect communication with the author. The very existence of a number of modes objectivizing one and the same narrative (or its close invariants), like movies, comics, fanfiction, gamebooks, videogames, etc., enhances the reader’s immersion and the impact made by the narrative, granting the audience multi-existence and generating a new Gestalt-like quasi-universe in their minds.

AN ARTISTIC DIRECTION USING THE METHOD OF LINGUISTIC AND POETIC ANALYSIS IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING LITERATURE TO STUDENTS

The article discusses the scientific and theoretical foundations of the application of the method of linguistic analysis, which helps students of art education in higher educational institutions to delve into the content of a work of art, understand the meaning of a word, comprehend the art of poetry.

ABOUT BUSINESS E-MAIL AS A GENRE OF PROFESSIONAL INTERNET COMMUNICATION IN THE COURSE OF “LANGUAGE OF BUSINESS COMMUNICATION”

The research focuses on exploring lexical-grammatical, syntactic, punctuation features of the text of business e-mail as a genre of professional Internet communication in the course of “Language of business communication”. The tasks are outlined as follows: 1) to reveal the contents of the course of “Language of business communication”; 2) to highlight the importance of the content module on professional Internet communication; 3) to analyze business e-mail as a genre of professional Internet communication. The descriptive method and various types of linguistic analysis are applied. Emphasis is placed on the motivational-practical (speech) component of the course as a defining feature of the “Language of business communication” discipline, which determines the approach to the thematic content of the four content modules. The proposed research highlights the fourth content module, which reveals the peculiarities of Internet business communication and encompass follows themes: “Internet communication: specifics, types, genres”, “Language organization of business Internet communication”. The analyzed content module involves familiarizing students with the concept of Internet style, types of network communication, genres of business Internet communication, types of posts in social networks, and the culture of Internet communication. To improve the practical skills of business electronic correspondence, an educational model (formulated in linguistics) was used, which consists in the synthesis of four interrelated aspects. The first aspect is based on mastering the theoretical foundations of the researched problem: philology students reveal the essence of the concept of an electronic business letter, systematize the basic principles of creating and rules for writing business e-mails. The second aspect is practical. It consists primarily in the formation of skills and abilities to analyze the texts of business letters. For example, the structural-compositional, lexical-grammatical, and punctuation features of an electronic Cover Letter and a Request Letter are considered. The third aspect is research. It involves independent processing of the text of an electronic business letter in accordance with the proposed algorithm. The fourth stage is creative. It provides for the independent creation of an electronic business letter taking into account the specified requirements. The results of the research can be used as materials for practical classes on the language of business communication, Ukrainian language for professional purposes, language culture, etc. Key words: “Language of business communication”, business e-mail, professional Internet communication, etiquette of business correspondence.

THE FORMATION OF COLOR ASSOCIATIONS THROUGH STABLE UNITS FORMED WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF WORDS EXPRESSING COLOR

This research investigates the formation of color associations through stable units formed with the participation of words expressing color. Language plays a significant role in shaping our perception of colors, and the formation of stable units—linguistic constructs involving color words—provides a framework for understanding how these associations are established and maintained. Through a combination of linguistic analysis and experimental methods, this study explores how stable units influence color perception, categorization, and conceptualization. By uncovering the cognitive mechanisms underlying the formation of color associations through stable linguistic units, this research contributes to our understanding of the intricate interplay between language and cognition.

Selection and application of building material suppliers based on the 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic number combined grey relational analysis method

The quality of building materials will affect the implementation effect of construction projects. To ensure the service capacity of building materials, it is necessary to do a good job in selecting suppliers. In the specific evaluation of building material suppliers, after evaluation, suppliers with poor quality are excluded to ensure the quality of material supply, reasonably improve the construction effect of the building project, meet the construction needs of the building project, and improve the quality of the building project. The selection and application of building material suppliers (BMSs) is a multiple-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) technique. In this study, the 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic number combined grey relational analysis (2TLNN-CGRA) technique is constructed based on the classical grey relational analysis (GRA) and 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic sets (2TLNNSs). Finally, a numerical example for building material supplier selection was constructed and some comparisons is constructed to illustrate the 2TLNN-CGRA technique. The main contribution of this study is constructed: (1) the 2TLNN-CGRA technique is implemented to cope with the MAGDM under 2TLNSs; (2) the 2TLNN-CGRA technique is implemented in line with the 2TLNN Hamming distance (2TLNNHD) and 2TLNN Euclidean distance (2TLNNED) simultaneously under 2TLNSs; (3) the numerical example for building material supplier selection is implemented to show the 2TLNN-CGRA technique; and (4) some efficient comparative studies are constructed with several existing decision techniques.

Identifying disputants’ attitudinal variations in family mediations: A data mining approach

This article combines linguistic analysis and data mining methods to explore variations in speakers’ evaluative meaning-making in conflict talks. It focuses on conflict style construction through evaluative language, specifically how disputants advance attitudes. The corpus consists of 230 minutes of family mediation talks involving 12 divorcing spouses. The research draws from the Appraisal framework to analyse evaluative meaning-making at a discourse semantics level, capturing both explicit and implicit attitudes, as well as the scaling and dialogic framing of attitudes. Data exploration uses clustering algorithms via RStudio to identify variations in disputants’ discursive behaviour. The findings uncover three conflict styles based on disputants’ preference for attitude advancement formulations, with varying degrees of assertiveness and forcefulness. This study’s contributions include a holistic treatment of evaluative meaning-making, the marriage of digital tools to nuanced linguistic annotation, and a novel interpretation for conflict style. The findings offer fresh insights into disputants’ discursive self-presentation in confrontational exchanges.

Функционирование реактивных прагматических моделей в непрофессиональном интернет-дискурсе

The response pragmatics in political Internet discourse is one of the most interesting and understudied aspects of modern virtual communication. This research featured a model of non-professional Internet discourse in the genre of political Internet commentary and its pragmatics. The resulting models correlated with the general model, which was based on the communicative intentions of the authors of political Internet comments. The empirical material involved feedback lines from readers of the RIA Novosti news agency. Determining the textual entity by its sender’s macrointension, the authors established the genre of Internet commentary as reactive. The pragmatic options for response patterns were based on the addressee’s communicative role and the reactive macrointension implemented in non-professional Internet discourse. The paper describes two reactive models of non-professional discourse: 1) reaction to a political event; 2) reaction to a pragmatic context. The method of linguistic and pragmatic discourse analysis revealed that the reactive models contained the following types of reaction: positive, negative, and twofold. However, the Internet comments also included an interpretative component. The reactive intention of the subjects of non-professional Internet discourse was combined with their intention to introduce a fragment of personal experience.

Features of the implementation of speech strategies and tactics in the slogan of television food advertising

The article is devoted to the study of speech strategies and tactics in the slogan of television food advertising. The slogan as an element of the advertising text plays a significant role in influencing the consciousness and behavior of the addressee. Slogans implement various speech strategies and tactics to ensure the success of advertising communication. The difficulty of studying this phenomenon lies in a short formulation with great strategic potential and its uncertain relationship with the main text of television advertising. The relevance of this study is related to the importance of the slogan in the advertising text and the prospects for studying speech strategies and tactics in the slogan of television food advertising. The article aims to identify the features of speech strategies and tactics in the slogan of television food advertising. The method of linguistic and pragmatic analysis was used in the work, which makes it possible to identify speech strategies and tactics in the slogan of television advertising of food products and describe the linguistic features of their implementation. The novelty of the research lies in a comprehensive examination of speech strategies and tactics in the slogan, taking into account the main advertising text. As a result of the analysis, corporate slogan, product slogan and festive slogan were highlighted in television advertising. The slogans of television food advertising highlight presentation strategy, convincing strategy, persuading strategy and reminiscent strategy, as well as tactics and techniques within the framework of relevant strategies. The linguistic means of verbalization of techniques used within the framework of appropriate speech strategies and tactics in television advertising of food are described. The correlation of their implementation with the main advertising text has been established. The slogan of a TV advertisement usually implements several strategies and tactics at the same time. The implementation of the convincing strategy in a product slogan is relevant to the main advertising text. The implementation of other strategies in the slogan is not related to the main advertising text.

POLYCODE HISTORICAL DISCOURSE FEATURES

The paper deals with the feature of verbal and visual semiotic systems peculiar to historical discourse. The relevance of the research is determined by the necessity to identify the correlation of verbal and visual means used by historians in the transmission of information. The methodology of the article is based on the research works of home and foreign scholars. The methods that have been used in the research are: the method of discursive analysis, the method of linguistic analysis, the method of interpretive analysis. As a result of the analysis of historical discourse it has been established that the appeal to various semiotic systems facilitates and streamlines the assimilation of information about the events of the historical past of mankind, preserving the memory of them in the images proposed by the historians. History, which is not given to historians in their immediate experience, is reconstructed by them by means of different semiotic systems. The verbal code reinforced by the visual one sets a certain perception of historical events as they are viewed by historians. In historical discourse, the use of different semiotic systems in the transmission of the most significant historical events is necessary to attract the attention of recipients to them in order to change not only their perception, but also to transform the basic dominants of their mental space, in which the events of the historical past that are not reproduced in experience are reconstructed.

Structural, grammatical and linguocultural aspects of the meteorolexeme "halun" in the Mongolian languages

The article analyzes the meteorological vocabulary in the Mongolian languages, which characterizes hot weather. The linguistic means of expressing hot weather in the worldview of the Mongolian peoples can be represented as integral and consistent natural phenomena that are systematically used by traditional speakers in direct, figurative, comparative, evaluative and metaphorical meanings. The object of the study is nominative units (words, phrases, phraseological units) in Mongolian languages that characterize hot weather. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the compatibility of the "halun" meteorological system. The bearers of a nomadic civilization are directly dependent on the natural and climatic features that determined the state of nomadic management, orientation and location of a person in nature and society. The relations of nature, man and the animal world, reflected in the ethnic consciousness of native speakers, had their own systemically categorical forms of expression in linguistic pictures of the world. For the Mongolian peoples, in addition to universal verbal forms of expression of these relations, the whole variety of linguistic and cultural approaches was used to express figuratively comparative and evaluative aesthetic means of language. This article uses a descriptive method, a comparative method, a method of linguistic and cultural analysis of lexical units. In the linguistic picture of the world of a traditional native speaker, the halun lexeme "heat, depending on the temperature regime, can denote different degrees of heat manifestation: from ordinary heat to incredible, exhausting heat, affecting the physical condition of a person. As examples, the author uses Mongolian lexicographic sources, texts of artistic and folklore works, in which lexemes denoting hot weather were analyzed from meteorological vocabulary. Meteorological vocabulary characterizing hot weather is considered in the article from the point of view of their composition, semantics, morphological-syntactic and lexico-semantic method of education. The peculiarity of artistic and folklore texts makes it possible to consider a specific lexeme in its various combinations, which makes it possible to fully reveal the features of the semantic structure of the word. In this aspect, meteorological names characterizing hot weather in the Kalmyk language are considered and systematized for the first time.