Linguistic Consciousness Research Articles

Иллюстративная зона регионального словаря: структура и содержательный потенциал интенционально фрагментированных воспоминаний носителей говоров

The article covers the various-aspect informative value of illustrative recollections in a regional dictionary. Its aim is to identify structural features of the illustrative area of the regional dictionary and its potential of presenting various types of information about antecedency. An Essay on the Dictionary of Kuban Region Sub-Dialects is taken as a source for examination, with a significant part of justifying examples therefor sampled from materials recorded by the authors of the article during multiyear dialectological expeditions. Pursuant to the purposes of lexicography, dialect macrotexts were subject to fragmentation, i.e. extraction of fragments of various size and structure in their shortened form. The article provides a graduated scale of intentional fragmentation by way of four structural types of intentionally fragmented illustrative recollections: illustrative recollections with actualized composition; illustrative recollections with reduced composition; illustrative recollections with zero composition; one-word remarks, equal to a dialect word, in an illustrative dialogue. The article demonstrates the informative potential of the identified structural types of illustrative recollections and its determinancy by volume. It defines the priority of illustrative recollections with actualized composition for communicating factual content. It also demonstrates that the informative value of illustrative recollections with reduced composition, as well as with the zero one, is ensured by presuppositions which exist in the subtext and must be present in the linguistic consciousness of the reader. The article notes the informative single-aspect feature of one-word remarks, equal to a dialect word, as part of an illustrative dialogue. The analysis of conceptual content, incorporated into illustrative recollections about singing and attitude towards singing in the past, proves the persistence of traditional cultural values of the Kuban Cossacks in the consciousness of Kuban region residents. The article concludes that the actualization of evaluative emotional content and conceptual content allows for illustrative recollections to be viewed as axiological texts by virtue of ethical and esthetical impact on the dictionary reader. In conclusion, the authors establish that the illustrative area of An Essay on the Dictionary of Kuban Region Sub-Dialects, due to broad presence of oral recollections therein, makes it a reliable source for their various-aspect study, due to the fact that the dictionary reconstructs the world of the past and reflects ethnical beliefs of the Kuban region dialect community. The findings allow for the argument that the regional dictionary, with its position at the intersection of two directions of communicational impact, i.e. between the collector and the informant, between the dictionary addressee and the lexicographer, is able to provide a mediated communicative contact between the dialect speaker and the reader, making the voice of the narrator heard through space and time. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

The Evolution of Dialect Consciousness among the South Korean since 2005 : Based on “The survey of Korean people’s Linguistic consciousness”

The Evolution of Dialect Consciousness among the South Korean since 2005 : Based on “The survey of Korean people’s Linguistic consciousness”

LANGUAGE REFLECTION: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND CONSCIOUSNESS ACTIVITY

The article deals with the problem of linguistic reflection and its implementation through the relationship between consciousness and linguistic activity. The problem of linguistic reflection is one of the urgent problems in modern Kazakh linguistics. Consideration of reflection in relation to language forms the basis of the concept of language reflection, and language has been shown to be an important tool in its definition. The materialization or verbalization of information that entered the human mind through language corresponds to the concept of linguistic reflection.The scientific work proposes a model of the process of language reflection. A review of the scientific understanding of the levels of linguistic consciousness was made, and the marking of information by a language unit and the transmission of the speaker's thoughts as an indicator of the connection between language and consciousness was presented by an analysis of an excerpt from A. Kunanbayev's poem. Linguistic units used in speech facts were considered from the point of view of the mental aspect. In the research work, definitions of the terms consciousness, linguistic consciousness, reflection, and reflexive are given and their meaning is revealed. The article uses methods of analysis, synthesis, description, and modeling based on the work of researchers of the concepts of language and consciousness, language, and reflection.The article aims to analyze the relationship between consciousness and language activity in the process of language reflection and present a model of language reflection. Achieving this goal includes the collection of theoretical data related to the use of the term "reflection" in various fields of science, a review of works that study the problem of language reflection, the definition of a model of the process of language reflection and the corresponding analysis of language units.

Exploring the Dynamics of Linguistic Consciousness: An Experimenal Approach

The article delves into the intricate domain of experimental research about linguistic consciousness dynamics. The exploration of linguistic consciousness dynamics encompasses a multifaceted examination that includes the analysis of how social, cultural, and psychological factors contribute to the formation of linguistic consciousness, the delineation of the developmental patterns it follows, the methodological principles that underpin its analysis, and the utilization of experimental techniques for its thorough investigation. The emergence of consciousness as a precise regulator of human behaviour is rooted in a complex interplay of inherent and acquired elements, all of which materialize during socialization. It is imperative to acknowledge that knowledge does not arise from unmediated perception; instead, perception is structured by cognitive models and schemas. Within the purview of the article, we underscore the efficacy of employing experimental methodologies, specifically those drawn from the realm of psycholinguistics, as a potent avenue for determining the precise position of specific concepts and the semantics of particular words within the intricate hierarchy of meanings and thoughts held by native speakers. The empirical data derived from experimental inquiries into the dynamics of linguistic consciousness serves as compelling affirmation for the existence of systematicity within this cognitive realm. Crucially, this systematicity does not represent an immutable trait etched indelibly into individuals; instead, it emerges due to their progressively deepening comprehension of the tangible world and the accrual of a more extensive spectrum of social experiences.

Pre-Reformation and Reformation Influences on the Development of European Literary Languages

The pre-Reformation and Reformation social and religious movements contributed to the development of biblical and religious as well as journalistic and polemical writings, which had a significantly positive impact on the increase in functional efficiency and standardisation of European languages. Translations of The Bible played a special role in the development of European languages as texts with the highest linguistic prestige. Not only did Luther’s Bible (1522–1534) contribute to the unification of German literary language, but its 16th-century translations had an outstanding influence on the development of Dutch and the Scandinavian languages, i.e. Danish, Swedish and Icelandic. The language of Protestant translations of The Bible was regarded in the 16th–17th centuries in France and England as a model of stylistic excellence. Prior to the 16th century, there were fairly rich Celtic writings (Irish, Scottish, Welsh and Cornish), but they were undoubtedly greatly enriched between the second half of the 16th century and the first quarter of the 19th century by Protestant translations of The Bible and other religious texts. The translation work by the Czech brothers (ideological supporters of the Reformation) – Blahoslav’s New Testament (1564) and the Kralice Bible (1579–1593) – is a symbol of the linguistic prowess of the 16th-century Czech language as well as the basis for its rebirth in the 19th century. The linguistic consciousness of the Slovaks was long influenced by the Kralice Bible. Hungarian and Polish Reformation translations of The Bible enriched the history of these languages considerably. A number of European languages owe their actual literary beginnings to the Reformation: Finnish and Estonian (Finnish languages), Latvian and Lithuanian (Baltic languages), Upper Lusatian, Lower Lusatian and Slovene (Slavonic languages). In Croatia, prints financed by Reformation supporters appeared in the 16th century. The Serbian Orthodox New Testament (1847) by Karadžić and The Old Testament (1868) by Daničić were published by the Protestant publishing house of the British Bible Society in London, which also published a translation of the Bulgarian Catholic Slaveykov Bible (1871).

КОННОТАТИВНЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ ЗООНИМОВ, ОБОЗНАЧАЮЩИХ ДИКИХ ЖИВОТНЫХ, В АЛТАЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ

The purpose of this paper is to identify the lexical and semantic features of the connotation of zoonyms denoting wild animals in the Altai language. The relevance of the work is due to the lack of a comprehensive study of the connotative meanings of zoonyms in the Altai language. The subject of the study is zoomorphisms that designate representatives of different families (bears, canines, deer, mustelids, squirrels) and are used in human nominations. One of the tasks is to identify the positive (meliorative) and negative (pejorative) connotations of these zoolexems. The research methods used in this work are the semantic-pragmatic method, contextual and component analysis. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of manifestations of connotation in the speech of native speakers of the Altai language, which are not recorded by existing dictionaries, but are reproduced in the process of forming and interpreting statements. In line with the anthropocentric approach, the specificity of zoonyms denoting in the Altai language representatives of the families of bears, canines, mustelids, squirrels, and deer, which are endowed with connotative meanings and are means of emotional-evaluative nomination, is considered. Zoonyms denoting wild animals in the Altai language are involved in the conceptualization of man, his physical, moral, ethical and intellectual qualities. By expressing a subjective attitude towards another person, describing his qualities, a native speaker actualizes those stereotypical established associations with animals that are enshrined in his linguistic consciousness. The connotative meanings of zoonyms denoting representatives of the bear and dog families are as follows: ayu “bear” expresses the word “strong”, bӧrü “wolf” – “evil”, “cruel”, “greedy”, “young”; tülkü ‘fox’ – “beautiful”, “cunning”, borsuk ‘badger’ – “stupid, kind, honest”, jeeken ‘wolverine’ – “boastful”, toktonok ‘weasel’ – “wise”; pulan ‘elk’, maral ‘deer’ – ‘strong, brave’, elik ‘roe deer’ – ‘beautiful’, ‘timid’, tiyyn ‘squirrel’ – ‘fast’, ‘light’, ‘nimble’. In cultural and linguistic practice, when using zoonyms, two trends in meaning are noted: anthropomorphism, or endowing animals with human properties, and zoomorphism, or endowing people with animal properties, likening humans to animals. In the process of functioning of zoonyms in a figurative meaning in speech practice, mutual enrichment of the semantics of lexemes occurs.

MYTHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW (THE MOON AND THE SUN IN PHRASEOLOGY)

In the focus of the article there is the problem of hidden mythological seman- tics of lexical (more broadly — phraseological) units in the Slavic and Germanic (English) languages. Often the lack of proper attention to this problem leads to inaccurate, inappropriate, superficial translation or to incorrect assessment of certain fragments of folklore texts of various genres in their ethnolinguistic study. Being «erased» on the surface of linguistic consciousness, which in the course of evolution has developed new stereotypes, the structures of mythological think- ing are often preserved at the level of lexical semantics and in the semantics of phraseological units. The mythological plane of the semantics of linguistic units is an important level of such a complex object of linguistics as the linguistic picture of the world, since it largely determines the specificity and originality of linguistic thinking, while remaining implicit, hidden behind the everyday, habitual meaning. On the example of microtexts (established figurative phrases) with two oppo- site ancient concepts «the moon» and «the sun», the commonality and difference in the mythological semantics of the units of the Slavic and English languages are shown. The relevant differential features of the Slavic and Germanic worldviews are emphasized.

THE CONCEPT OF “BILINGUISM” AND ITS FEATURES IN FICTIONAL TEXTS

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of bilingualism in fiction. Bilingualism is an important sociolinguistic phenomenon that plays an important role in the profession of translator and the modern development of psycho- and sociolinguistics. Different definitions of the concept of "bilingualism" are characterized in the article; different positions in the understanding of the concept are described. Linguistic, sociolinguistic, psycholinguistic and methodical aspects of bilingualism are distinguished due to a rather broad concept. Linguistics analyzes the structure of two languages, the relationship between structural elements and their interaction and interpenetration at different levels. Sociolinguistics analyzes the role of social functions of bilingualism in the life of speakers. Psycholinguistics focuses on identifying the characteristics of linguistic categories and concepts reflected in the linguistic consciousness of bilingual people, and analyzing the features of retention, recognition and understanding of categories and concepts specific to the second language, which are absent in the linguistic consciousness of native speakers. This is where the concept of "culture shock" arises, which is extremely popular in literary texts. Depending on the listed aspects, the types and types of bilingualism are described: individual and group; official and unofficial; horizontal and vertical; pure and mixed; artificial and natural; regional and national. Special attention is paid in the article to bilingualism in the texts of the artistic genre. It is noted that language is a cultural code of intercultural communication, which in turn is a criterion of the author's nationality and the reason for bilingualism and multilingualism in artistic works. The specificity of literary conceptualization is characterized, which in turn affects the cultural integration of artistic texts and the most complete description of the linguistic picture of the world. Artistic texts simultaneously narrate, evoke memories, and describe their own reality in a constantly changing language, and thus reflect the author's artistic reality and the atmosphere he intended to convey.

The associative field of the concept “enemy” in modern Russian linguistic consciousness

The purpose of this study is to reveal the structure of the associative field of the ENEMY concept in the Russian linguistic consciousness and to find out the factors causing its transformation. The object of the study is the results of associative experiments presented in the "Slavic Associative Dictionary" and in the "Russian Regional Associative Database. 2008-2015". The subject of the study is the basic cognitive features that form the associative-verbal model of the concept "enemy" in the modern linguistic consciousness of Russians. The results of the comparative analysis of the researched associative fields in general testify to the stability of the associative-verbal model of the concept of ENEMY in the Russian linguistic consciousness of the first decades of the 21st century. The list of high-frequency reactions to the stimulus of враг is mostly unchanged (друг, недруг, враг народа, злой, мой, ненависть, etc.). The enemy's qualitative, action and acting characteristics, as well as his emotional and general negative assessment, remain stable. The connection between the concepts ENEMY and WAR is relevant. However, the circle of reactions that point to the subject of enmity changes: next to the topic of Germany (немец, Гитлер, Германия, фашизм), the reactions of Америка, США, Запад are noted. Reactions нации, страны, государства appear among the names of the objects targeted by enmity. Reactions indicating the location of the enemy express the idea of his proximity, which is associated with a sense of danger and threat. The appearance of such reactions indicates the gradual actualization in the Russian linguistic consciousness of the image of an external enemy, which can be associated not only with people of other nationalities, but also with individual states or their associations. Such changes are obviously caused by extralinguistic factors, in particular, the strengthening of political tensions on the part of Russia in the early 2000s against neighboring states and Western countries, which was accompanied by the active formation of the image of an external enemy in the Russian media space. The transformation of the associative field of the ENEMY concept in Russian linguistic culture demonstrates socio-cultural conditioning, discursiveness and dynamism of language consciousness.

Age-related differences in Russian and Hungarian linguistic pictures of the world

This cross-cultural, interdisciplinary study aims to investigate how the linguistic picture of the world differs in various age groups from kindergarten years to adulthood. In this paper, linguistic picture of the world is referred to as a technical term introduced into linguistics by Leo Weisgerber (Weltbild der Sprache). In order to trace the differences in Russian and Hungarian language users’ linguistic picture of the world in different age groups, thus obtaining a more precise picture of the linguistic development of the individual from a cross-cultural perspective, a research was conducted and data were collected with the aid of the association experiment, a foundational research method of Russian psycholinguistics. Respondents from three age groups (4–5 years, 10–12 years, and 18–26 years) were investigated via the collection of word associations to 10 stimulus words. As the research results suggest, culturally bound traits of linguistic development were identified, including the Russian linguistic consciousness changing its orientation from being self- and family-oriented in early childhood to being people-oriented (man-oriented) as an adult. The study also revealed common characteristics of the age-related development of the Russian and Hungarian linguistic pictures of the world, for instance, toys and games moving from the center of the linguistic image of the world to the periphery to be replaced by love. Results can be utilized not only for theoretical psycholinguistic purposes including a better description of the presumed age-related changes in the mental lexicon but also in the practical realm of education for curriculum development or the fine-tuning of pedagogical methods, as well as in intercultural studies for gaining a more precise picture of the linguistic consciousness of representatives of different cultures.

Семантика фразеологизмов как объект психолингвистического описания (на примере устойчивых сочетаний из древнегреческих мифов с компонентом «имя собственное»)

The aim of the research is to develop a methodology for describing the semantics of phraseological units in the Russian linguistic consciousness. Using the example of set expressions borrowed from ancient Greek mythology with a proper name component (the Augean stables, Achilles’ heel, herostratic fame, the prophetic Cassandra, the Trojan horse), the paper demonstrates the potential of using the results of psycholinguistic experiments to describe the psychologically real meanings of phraseological expressions. The psycholinguistic meanings of the studied units are formulated based on the semantically interpreted data from a free association experiment. The paper compares lexicographic and psycholinguistic definitions. The research is novel in that it is the first to develop a methodology of psycholinguistic description of the semantics of set expressions in the everyday linguistic consciousness of Russian native speakers, to determine the types of psycholinguistic sememes in the set expressions. As a result of the research, it has been found that the psycholinguistic meaning of each phraseological unit in the linguistic consciousness of the native speakers is wider than its lexicographic version. Three types of psycholinguistic sememes of the phraseological units have been identified: phraseological, mythological and contaminated.

Linguistic and cultural foundations of verbal aggression in the Russian language

The relevance of the research is determined by the insufficient study of the forms of aggression in the context of culture, as well as insufficient description of the extralinguistic prerequisites of aggression correlated with the subject area of culture, and intra-linguistic means and methods of cultural reference of aggression. The aim of the study is to identify the linguistic and cultural foundations of expressing aggression in the Russian language and to describe the means of its verbalization through the prism of the binary category “Own/ Other”, which is the basis of ethnic conflicts. To achieve this aim, the method of definitional, semantic, linguistic-cultural analysis, descriptive method was used. A sociolinguistic experiment was conducted. Methods of continuous sampling from lexicographic sources and of quantitative calculations of the responses received by the participants of the experiment were applied. The research material included: 1) a corpus of more than 50 lexical and phraseological units of the Russian language taken from dictionaries, which verbalize aggressive attitude towards “foreign” culture and “foreign” ethnos; 2) a range of ethnopholisms obtained in the sociolinguistic experiment among high school students in Astrakhan. It was determined that aggression in the Russian language has a culturological explanation: it is conditioned by identifying the ethnos according to the principle of “own - other”. The linguistic and cultural basis of aggressive semantics is the semantics of “alienness”, which is expressed by demonstrating an obviously negative attitude to “alien”, which is the object of an aggressive action. A special group of lexical means - linguistic and cultural markers of aggression - includes units, negatively characterizing representatives/artifacts of a “foreign” culture. Linguistic and cultural markers of aggression are ethnopholisms. Aggressive nominations of ethnic groups historically residing both far abroad and in the Russian multicultural region are equally relevant in the linguistic consciousness of young people. From extralinguistic positions, the consolidation and activation of hostile lexico-phraseological means in the language are conditioned by the intercultural historical contacts of nations which are currently being reflected in the journalistic discourse, in Internet communication. The perspective of the research is seen in the use of its results for developing the concept of overcoming speech aggression in the educational space, where the factor of hostility has hindered the education of a tolerant personality.

Konstruirovanie sovremennoy effektivnoy modeli obucheniya inostrantsev russkomu yazyku na printsipakh antropologicheskoy lingvodidaktiki

The relevance of the work is due to the need to optimize the educational process by its integrating on all its main parameters; to free up the working time of students, to increase the productivity of educational activities and ensure the high quality of mastering the learning materials by means of multidimensional and multi-level integrative units in educational speech activity in the Russian language. The aim of the research is to present an integrative model of efficient educational speech activity of international students in the Russian language, as well as implementing this model within a specific lesson. The study was carried out on the material of audio recordings of classroom discourse in learning groups of international students, A2-B1 level of the Russian language proficiency. The method of modeling, based on integrating and differentiating units correlation and generalization of best practices in teaching Russian to foreign learners were used. A descriptive model of teaching Russian to international students has been developed, based on the bidirectional and multifaceted integrative system, scaling: a) from the personality-based activity approach, across its three principles (anthropological, communicative and cognitive), to operating with the acquired language material (vertical perspective); b) from the integrative to differentiating units of the languages in contact in the process of educational cross-cultural communication at the level of text/discourse as communicative units (considering their verbalizations) (horizontal perspective). In accordance with the presented model, the development of the student's linguistic personality at the initial stage of learning Russian is based on the identified integrative units. In terms of content, these are microtexts of the following types: a) description; b) narrative, as well as structural units (words and word forms) that identify them and are included in the processes of internalization; in operational terms, this is the interaction of integrated reading-listening-speaking systems. The study demonstrates that both right-hemisphere and left-hemisphere international students easily include (integrate) into their linguistic consciousness a typified Russian-language description or narrative, as well as elements of reasoning, using the cognitive strategy “from synthesis to analysis”. The educational materials interiorized on the integrative basis allows these students further, at the B1 level, to cope with more complicated educational tasks, such as producing their own monologues/discourses of different types.

AXIOLOGICAL ASPECT OF THE CONCEPT IDENTITY OPPOSITION REALIZATION (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE CREATION ‒ DESTRUCTION DICHOTOMY)

Background. The global redistribution of the balance of power, caused by the imbalance of the geopolitical interests of the leading world powers, contributed to the actualization within the boundaries of the Russian linguistic and cultural space of phenomena associated with the accentuation of existential significance categories among which the concept IDENTITY occupies a special position.
 Purpose. The article is devoted to the study of the implementation of the value aspect of the concept IDENTITY opposition in Russian linguistic culture.
 Materials and methods. The material for this study was the article of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin On the historical unity of Russians and Ukrainians. July, 12, 2021; interview with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation S.V. Lavrov; Internet publication of the Russian journalist I.A. Yakovenko Disintegration of the Russian Federation: Scenarios and Prospects; speeches of state and political figures of Russia in the television political show Evening with Vladimir Solovyov. When writing the article, the following methods were used: lexical-semantic, comparative-contrastive, discursive, contextual analysis.
 Results. In the course of the study the specifics of the differentiated objectification of the concept IDENTITY in the Russian language were analyzed; various theoretical approaches to the substantiation of the oppositional nature of the language implementation of the concept under study were systematized; the factual interdependence of the studied concept with the category “linguistic consciousness” was established; an integrative feature of the implementation of the concept IDENTITY in the Russian language space was revealed; the indicative characteristic of the concept IDENTITY in the composition of the subjects of the opposition CREATION ‒ DESTRUCTION was described.
 Practical implications. The results of the study can find practical application in the preparation of teaching aids and textbooks on the linguo-cognitive analysis of concepts based on dichotomous models.

LEXICAL REPETITION AS A TEXTUAL ELEMENT AND MEANS OF EXPRESSION IN A WORK OF FICTION (RUMAAN ALAMʼS LEAVE THE WORLD BEHIND)

The re-actualisation of the stylistic device of repetition as an element of textuality and means of expression in a work of fiction, which is manifested in its power to impact readers, their linguistic consciousness, emotional evaluation and culture of perception in a specific manner, meets the research purpose. The article focuses primarily on lexical repetition which is a means of rhythmising words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, etc. Rumaan Alamʼs most recent novel Leave the World Behind (2020) which has been selected for analysis is full of repetitions to give expression to the text. This is explicated through the stylistic functions of repetition which actively participate in creating literary images and semantic compatibility, ensuring narrative integrity and lexical coherence. The research methodology is primarily based on a combination of the methods of hermeneutic, linguistic and stylistic, and semantic analysis. In the article, lexical repetition is proposed to be a structural means of representation and embodiment of the concept of intensification and actualisation. Since the compositional organisation of the novel is found to be linked to its semantic structure, repetition as a textual element accentuates certain paragraph features across the book, making them semantically consistent, thus forming the semantic structure of the novel. Lexical repetition serves as a crucial element of an author’s writing style contributing to the representation of authorial intent.

Exploring sociolinguistic attitudes among multilingual youth in Kazakhstan

Relevance. This study explores the complex interplay between the Kazakh and Russian languages in Kazakhstan, examining how these languages coexist and interchange at individual and societal levels due to their paradigmatic, vertical linguistic relationships stored in native speakers' consciousness.Purpose. The purpose of the study is to conduct a sociolinguistic investigation into the sociolinguistic attitudes of Kazakhstani youth in a multilingual environment.Methodology. The research employed a sociological survey using a closed-ended questionnaire for data collection, which was then analyzed and modeled. The study was based on a comprehensive sociolinguistic survey of 96 students aged 17-20 from the Kazakh departments of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University. For the first time, a comparative analysis of language attitudes among Kazakh youth was conducted.Results. The findings reveal the nature of their sociolinguistic attitudes at micro and macro-social levels. The analysis shows that the Russian language exerts significant influence on language loyalty and attitudes. Within the context of Kazakh-Russian bilingualism, Kazakh youth tend to symbolize their native language, indicating a transformation in their linguistic consciousness driven by socio-global mechanisms. While Russian serves a functional and instrumental role, the native Kazakh language holds communicative and personal significance for them.Conclusions. The practical application of this research is to contribute towards promoting linguistic purity, raising linguistic consciousness, and strengthening the social significance of the Kazakh language among the nation�s youth.

LINGUOCULTURAL FEATURES OF THE CONCEPT SEA IN THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING PRESS (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF «THE TIMES» HEADLINES)

The sea, in all its scope and variety of denotative sphere, is one of the most important factors in the geopolitical location of Great Britain. The image-concept of the SEA is key in the linguistic consciousness of English people, which is objectivized in linguistic and conceptual pictures of the world. This fact is reflected in linguistic semantics and communicative activity. The relevance of our research is due to the need to study the phenomenon of the sea as a separate, independent cultural sphere of existence, without which it is impossible to imagine the course of the historical development of Great Britain, as well as to identify the relevant semantic components that form the concept of SEA. The specificity and semiotic richness of the concept of SEA is directly related to the historical and cultural experience of British people, to the peculiarities of the geographical location — living on the island, and to the realities that surround the representatives of this nationality. The study of the marine fragment of the world picture of the British became the object of this research for the reason that the world, natural objects and phenomena are part of the cultural world of the British linguistic community. The identification of the national cultural specificity of the linguistic consciousness of the speakers of this culture is related to the study of the content of everyday ideas about the real world. The sea, which is an integral part of the British landscape, has always had a great influence on the identity and language of this nation. The purpose of the research is to identify the specifics of the functioning of the lexeme “sea” within the framework of the linguistic-cultural concept of SEA and its comprehensive description based on the material of newspaper headlines. The subject of the research is the studying of structural and semantic characteristics, information rubrication of the titles in the newspaper discourse, which is part of the concept of SEA. The work is carried out within the framework of the theory of the linguistic and cultural approach, which is a synthesis of several research methods, including conceptual analysis, definitional analysis, and the field method. The research was conducted on the material of the English language. The source of language material was the headlines of magazine texts of the British periodical “The Times” for the period from July 1, 2021 to July 1, 2022.

The image of Russia in the Minds of Modern Youth Through the Perception of the Stimulus Words "Globalization", "Culture" (Based on the Materials of an Associative Experiment)

The article is a comprehensive analysis of the image of Russia, based on theoretical research and the results of an associative experiment conducted with two groups of subjects: the main (17-25 years old) and control (26-50years old). The aim is to study the perception of the image of Russia in the context of modern globalization and the change of the socio-cultural paradigm. The object of study is representatives of the modern generation of Russianyouth. The subject of the study is the image of Russia formed in the minds of modern youth under the influence of external and internal factors. The relevance of the research is due to the need to study the relationship in the triad of man-culture-globalization, in which an active youth stratum occupies an important place, acting as an indicator of public mood and a determinant of cultural values. The novelty of the research lies in considering the image of Russia through the prism of perception of the words-stimuli "globalization", "culture" according to the results of an associative experiment carried out using two methods – a free associative experiment and a directed associative experiment. The analysis of the obtained data is carried out within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach: psycholinguistic, linguophilosophical and sociological. The method of hermeneutical and comparative analysis of the words image and εἷδoς is used. The question is considered: what dominates in the linguistic consciousness of representatives of modern youth regarding the image of Russia: "image" as an artificial construct imposed from the outside, or constructed by the efforts of the mind and spirit of "eidos"? According to the results of the study, a number of associative reactions to stimulus words were obtained, showing that the image of Russia in the representations of the main age group is formed mainly under the influence of external factors caused by the modern media space (Internet, social networks), and not as a result of internal factors (the work of will, spirit and mind).

A Cultural Study of Aagha Hashar Kashmiri's Dramas

Culture is a collection of national traditions, lifestyles, ethics, literature, arts, dialects, languages, social systems and other factors that are common to the people of a particular region or nation. Culture is the identity of a country, region or nationality. Cultural elements bring any work of art closer to reality. Agha Hashar has also presented the civilization and culture of the sub-continent in his plays, from which his plays are known as the main part of Urdu literature, as if in this way he secured that era. At that time, the Mughal culture was in decline, but its effects on Indian civilization are significant. Agha Hashar's plays reflect the decadent Mughal civilization as well as Western civilization as he adapted English plays into Urdu language by giving them an Indian look. For this reason, there is a special kind of Ganga Jamni in his plays, which can be estimated by studying his plays. Through these plays, he not only preserved the culture and civilization of the subcontinent, but also used the words of different languages ​​in his plays. It is as if these plays are a milestone in the interpretation and publication of Urdu dramatization, by reading them, one is aware of the historical, cultural, intellectual and linguistic consciousness of a certain era.

Unveiling Cultural Perceptions: The Concepts “Freedom” and “Slavery” in The English and Georgian Linguistic Consciousness

The interrelationship between language and thought serves as the crux of this study, which delves into the comprehensive analysis of the concepts of "freedom" and "slavery" within the context of the English and Georgian linguistic cultures. Through an intricate exploration of linguistic markers, including dictionary definitions and phraseological units, the research illuminates the nuanced and multifaceted nature of these concepts, emphasizing their dynamic interplay with consciousness and cultural perception. Employing a range of research methods, such as conceptual analysis, interpretive analysis, and introspection, the study unravels the intricate layers of meaning embedded within these terms, shedding light on their socio-philosophical underpinnings. The findings underscore the fundamental role of language as a medium for cultural transmission, reflecting the intricate socio-historical contexts and values inherent within each linguistic community. While both languages accentuate the significance of autonomy and subjugation, they do so through distinct linguistic nuances, showcasing the diverse perspectives that shape their interpretation. This comparative analysis not only deepens our understanding of linguistic diversity but also holds practical implications for enhancing intercultural communication and fostering a more profound awareness of the complexities underlying human perception and behavior. Through its meticulous examination of the intricate relationship between language, consciousness, and cultural perception, this study contributes to the burgeoning field of linguistics and cultural studies, paving the way for further research into the intricate dynamics of linguistic diversity and its profound impact on human cognition and societal constructs. Key words: Language, consciousness, freedom, slavery.