Triticale Lines Research Articles

Economic and technological assessment of triticale breeding lines

The article presents the results of the study of breeding lines of winter hexaploid triticale in the West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University. Zhangir Khan. Selected and recommended for inclusion in the competitive variety testing variety samples - carriers of traits important for breeding: high productivity, quality indicators of grain. In terms of yield, they exceeded the performance of grain of the standard triticale variety TI 17. High grain yields were found in the breeding lines (Patriot x Vanguard) (35 c/ha), [(Patriot x Vanguard) x (Niklap x Matyrskoe)] (29.1 c/ha). ha), 9457-4/14 (26.2 centners/ha), 9523-1/14 (23.8 centners/ha), varieties Run (23.7 centners/ha). An assessment of the physical, biochemical qualities of the grain of triticale breeding lines was carried out. The analysis of baking qualities made it possible to identify lines with good baking properties: (Niklap x Victor) x Antey, KS88T, Antey x Mara. The assessment of the technological and flour-grinding and baking qualities of winter triticale grain made it possible to identify samples that, along with technological advantages, have a whole range of economically valuable properties that can become a variety of triticale for baking purposes.

Wheat dwarf genes Rht12 and Rht‐B1b affected the performance of agronomic traits in hexaploid triticale

AbstractAs a new synthetic species, triticale has been widely used for food and feed. Lodging is a severe problem in triticale production, and it is unknown whether wheat height‐reducing genes can improve lodging resistance in triticale. In this study, the wheat‐dwarfing genes Rht12 and Rht‐B1b were introgressed into hexaploid triticale (AABBRR) lines to understand their effect on plant height. The results showed that Rht12 and Rht‐B1b reduced the plant height of triticale plants by 37.7 and 29.9%, respectively. Rht12 and Rht‐B1b both had significant effects on the basal internode's length, diameter, and thickness, which may greatly improve lodging resistance. Additionally, the net photosynthetic rate was increased by 28.7% in Rht12 dwarf lines. However, Rht12 had a significant and negative effect on thousand‐kernel weight (14.5%) and yield per plant (20.6%). On the other hand, Rht‐B1b reduced the number of tillers by 19.6% and yield per plant by 18.1% with no negative effect on the harvest index. Furthermore, Rht12 and Rht‐B1b decreased grain plumpness but improved several grain quality traits. Conclusively, Rht12 and Rht‐B1b improved lodging resistance but had some negative effects on yield components, which need careful consideration in triticale breeding.

Using Biplot Analysis Technique to Selection in Tritikale Breeding Studies

This study was carried out in Diyarbakır conditions with 20 advanced triticale lines and 5 standard varieties in 2012-2013 and 2013-14 growing seasons. According to variance analysis results, the interaction of year, genotype and year*genotype was found to be significant (p<0.01; p<0.05) in terms of many characteristics. the results showing that plant height was changed 3 237-5 389 kg/ha-1, hectoliter weight is 71.2-78.8 kg/hl-1, thousand grain weight is 28.0-40.2 g, protein content 14.6%-17.2%, the moisture rate in the grain varied between 7.9-8.1%. In terms of traits, many lines used in the research were superior to the varieties used as standard in the experiment. In addition, superior genotypes were determined by considering all characters together with GT biplot technique. In GT biplot technique, PC1 made up 36.83% of the variation, PC2 constituted 19.53% of the variation and 56.36% of the variation in total. According to the results of the research, depending on the ecological factors of the growing seasons, the plants were earlier spiked and reached higher height in the first year; It was determined that grain yield, thousand grain weight and hectoliter weight were higher than the second year, and on the contrary, the protein content was lower than the second year due to high precipitation. It was concluded that biplot analysis techniques facilitate the work of breeders in selection. It has been concluded that the results of a single growing season will be insufficient and the results of two growing seasons may be sufficient to evaluate the cultivar candidates.

Comparison of Some Agronomic Character and yield of Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) lines at Halabja and Qlyasan Regions of Kurdistan/Iraq

The main aim of this study was to determine the optimum line of triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) and best location for cultivating. The experimental design used in this study was randomized complete block design with two replications. In this study 29 lines of triticale were applied to assess some agronomic character (Plant Height (cm), No. of Days from Seeding to 50% Anthesis, No. of Days from Seeding to Physiological maturity, No. of Days from 50% Anthesis to Physiological maturity, No. of Fertile Tiller/Plant ), yield character (Grain Yield (t/ha), Biological Yield (t/ha) and Harvest Index). Plowing methods were used twice for the area of the study in each region. In Qlyasan region sowing started on 21 December and on 25 December in Halabja region. A total of 29 triticale lines developed from the hybridized winter triticale lines were used with a set name of 41ITYN and was taken from The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). The 29 triticale lines consisted of (802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819, 820, 821, 822, 823, 824, 825, 826, 827, 828, 829 and 830). The result illustrated that ) the maximum plant height, No. of Days from Seeding to 50% Anthess, No. of Days from Seeding to Physiological maturity, No. of Days from 50% Anthesis to Physiological maturity and No. of Fertile Tiller/Plant was observed in lines (804, 809, 830, 827 and 807). The highest agronomic character was observed under cultivation of triticale in the Halabja location. The maximum Grain Yield (t/ha), Biological Yield (t/ha) and Harvest Index was observed in lines (802, 828 and 827). Cultivation of the plant in Halabja region also gave the highest yield.

Lodging resistance and feeding quality of triticale and cereal rye lines in an alpine pastoral area of P. R. China

AbstractTriticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is a hybrid progeny of wheat (Triticum spp.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) and exhibits significant heterosis compared with its parents. Triticale is grown in many countries as a forage crop and has broad application prospects. In this study, conducted in 2015 and 2016 at Gansu, P. R. China, the morphological characteristics of stems, the microstructural features of the second internode from the base, and the chemical components of two triticale lines and two rye lines were compared. This study found that the plant height of triticale was lower than that of rye (P < .01), whereas the triticale internode diameter was larger (P < .05). Compared with values in rye, the diameter of the second internode from the base, thickness of the stem wall, ratio of the length of the second internode to the total length, and the sheath/internode weight ratio were all greater in triticale. Examination of the anatomical structure of the second internode revealed that the basic and vascular tissues of stems of triticale were more developed than those of rye. In addition, cellulose, lignin, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and ash contents of triticale stems were less than those of rye, whereas the triticale soluble sugar content was greater (p < .01). Therefore, we inferred that triticale stems have greater nutritional value, palatability, lodging resistance, and production potential than rye and were suitable for planting and popularizing in alpine pastoral areas.

Aluminum Stress Induces Irreversible Proteomic Changes in the Roots of the Sensitive but Not the Tolerant Genotype of Triticale Seedlings.

Triticale is a wheat–rye hybrid with a higher abiotic stress tolerance than wheat and is better adapted for cultivation in light-type soils, where aluminum ions are present as Al-complexes that are harmful to plants. The roots are the first plant organs to contact these ions and the inhibition of root growth is one of the first plant reactions. The proteomes of the root apices in Al-tolerant and -sensitive plants were investigated to compare their regeneration effects following stress. The materials used in this study consisted of seedlings of three triticale lines differing in Al3+ tolerance, first subjected to aluminum ion stress and then recovered. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) was used for seedling root protein separation followed by differential spot analysis using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS/MS). The plants’ tolerance to the stress was evaluated based on biometric screening of seedling root regrowth upon regeneration. Our results suggest that the Al-tolerant genotype can recover, without differentiation of proteome profiles, after stress relief, contrary to Al-sensitive genotypes that maintain the proteome modifications caused by unfavorable environments.

Qualitative Characteristics of Varieties and Lines of Winter Triticale Representing Production and Breeding Interest

The article presents the results of evaluating varieties and lines of winter triticale for various indicators of grain quality, which are of great importance in production and breeding. On average, over the years of research, a higher protein content in grain was found in lines 32/4 (13.33 %) and 29/1 (13.23 %). The studied varieties and lines had a high content of good quality gluten, varying from 24.1 % (line 28/1) to 35.3 % (cultivar Bard). All varieties and lines of winter triticale, except for the Orlik variety, correspond to the first quality group.

Phytosanitary diseases’ monitoring of breeding crops of winter cereals and limitation of their harmfulness

Studies on fungicides’ effect on new varieties and lines of winter triticum-wheatgrass hybrids and winter triticale were conducted in the conditions of the Central zone of the Russian Federation. The results showed that the preparations Alto Super, CE and Falcon, CE effectively cope with the suppression of brown leaf rust on new varieties in the dosages recommended by manufacturers. They allow to reduce the prevalence of brown rust by 15.2-35.6%, the development degree of the disease - by 9.9-18.0%. The spread of septoria decreases by 7.7-8.8%, the intensity of plant damage - by 1.0-2.2%. The use of these preparations allowed to increase crop yields by 1.2-1.7 times compared to the option with no fungicidal treatments.

Karyotype and plasmotype characteristics in wheat-rye hybrids with the different structural organization of the nuclear genome

Aim. Genome structure analysis and plasmotype identification in wheat-rye hybrids of various types (triti- cale, secalotriticum) and ploidy level. Mcth0ds. Cytological and molecular-genetic analysis. Rcsults. The karyotype and plasmotype analysis was carried out in 11 stable lines of secondary recombinant hexaploid triticale with the introgression of D-genome chromosomes of the wheat (A/B/DRR, 2n = 6x = 42), 14 stable and highly productive secalotriticum lines of F6–16 generations (Secalotriticum, S/RRAABB, 2n = 6x = 42), 9 stable lines of tetraploid triticale (A/BRR, 2n = 4x = 28). By means of differential chromosome staining, the chromosomal composition of the experimental material was characterized and the intergenomic substitution and translocation of chromosomes were detected. The PCR-RFLP analysis of the 18S/5S mitochondrial (mt) repeat and the ndhH-region of chloroplast DNA showed that these organ- elle DNA regions are in the homoplasmic state and belong to rye-type cytoplasm in secalotriticum lines and wheat-type cytoplasm in tetraploid and secondary recombinant hexaploid triticale lines. C0nclusi0ns. Cytological and molecular genetic analysis revealed significant genetic diversity of the created gene pool of wheat-rye hybrids by nuclear-cytoplasmic structure. The synthesized linear material of wheat-rye hybrids may be used in cytogenetic research and practical breeding.

THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF PRODUCTION OF A TRITICALE HYBRID GENETIC LINE AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INTENSITY

The aim of the study was to evaluate the economic efficiency of production of a hybrid genetic line of winter triticale in comparison with a short-straw form, at different intensity levels under cereal crop rotation conditions. Calculations were made based on three-year (2017-2019) field trial results. The analysis included tillage methods (traditional and simplified), differentiated nitrogen fertilization (0,90 and 120 kg N/ha) and two forms of triticale: The rotondo variety and the hybrid genetic line – BOH 2415. The gross margin was taken as a measure of economic efficiency. The economic effectiveness of cultivation of both forms of winter triticale was assessed from the perspective of utilizing one of the basic production factors, i.e., land. The gross profitability index for particular variants of the experiment was also calculated as the relation of production value to direct costs. The analysis of production and economic indices showed that the more favorable variant of winter triticale cultivation was hybrid form cultivation technology with the use of traditional tillage (plough) and a nitrogen fertilization rate at a level of 120 kg N/ha. The level of the obtained gross margin was more influenced by the level of the obtained yield and the purchase price of triticale than by the level of incurred direct costs depending on the soil tillage method.

Comparative proteomic analysis provides new insights into regulation of microspore embryogenesis induction in winter triticale (\xd7\u2009Triticosecale Wittm.) after 5-azacytidine treatment

Effective microspore embryogenesis (ME) requires substantial modifications in gene expression pattern, followed by changes in the cell proteome and its metabolism. Recent studies have awakened also interest in the role of epigenetic factors in microspore de-differentiation and reprogramming. Therefore, demethylating agent (2.5–10 μM 5-azacytidine, AC) together with low temperature (3 weeks at 4 °C) were used as ME-inducing tiller treatment in two doubled haploid (DH) lines of triticale and its effect was analyzed in respect of anther protein profiles, expression of selected genes (TAPETUM DETERMINANT1 (TaTPD1-like), SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE 2 (SERK2) and GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE (GSTF2)) and ME efficiency. Tiller treatment with 5.0 µM AC was the most effective in ME induction; it was associated with (1) suppression of intensive anabolic processes-mainly photosynthesis and light-dependent reactions, (2) transition to effective catabolism and mobilization of carbohydrate reserve to meet the high energy demand of cells during microspore reprograming and (3) effective defense against stress-inducing treatment, i.e. protection of proper folding during protein biosynthesis and effective degradation of dysfunctional or damaged proteins. Additionally, 5.0 µM AC enhanced the expression of all genes previously identified as being associated with embryogenic potential of microspores (TaTPD1-like, SERK and GSTF2).

Grain quality of winter triticale varieties selected by the Samara Research Institute of Agri-cultural Sciences

The article presents the results of studies to identify the influence of abiotic factors on the grain quality of varieties and lines of winter triticale of the Samara Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences for 2017-2020, in comparison with varieties of winter rye and wheat. The studied crops were cultivated in the fields of the institute, located in the black earth steppe of the Middle Volga region. Technological properties were determined in the laboratory of the technical and analytical service of the Samara NIISH and at the Faculty of Technology of the Samara State Agrarian University according to standard generally accepted methods. The data obtained indicate a higher productivity of modern triticale varieties, compared to rye and wheat. In terms of grain quality, these varieties and lines are superior to winter rye varieties and are not inferior to wheat. On average, over 4 years, the content of HAC in triticale varieties was (1.09-1.51 mp · S), with a variation by year, depending on climatic conditions from 0.90-1.53 mp · S in 2017 to 1.01-1.59 mp · S in 2018. It was revealed that the varieties Krokha and Arcturus were distinguished by the fat content of 1.81-1.85 %, the variety Spika and liniya 9385-4/14 1,72-1,75% – by ash content. In terms of the content of almost all amino acids, the grain of the 830-4/13 line was superior to the rest of the studied samples. The amount of protein in the grain varied from 11.7 to 15.6% over the years, and fat from 0.61 to 2.55%. A high yield relationship was observed with the content of pentosans r=-0.82±0.08, arginine r=-0.72±0.12, with the mass of 1000 grains r=0.67±0.14, histizine r=0.61±0.16, leucine r=-0.69±0.13, sodium content r=0.86±0.06, and depended on the amount of precipitation in April r=0.81±0.08. The necessity of analyzing the amino acid composition of triticale grain to determine its biological value is justified

RESEARCH ON THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME VARIETIES OF TRITICALE FOR SILOSIS, IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE BANAT PLAIN

Triticale is a cereal widely used lately due to its high production potential of both grains and biomass and its multiple uses in both animal feed (feed) and humans (flour, flakes, alcohol). The development of the livestock sector will also have the effect of increasing the areas cultivated with fodder plants. In addition to increasing the cultivated areas, a diversification of the assortment of crops with multiple uses is also desired. Increasing the production capacity per unit area, the study of several varieties (lines) of triticale (Triticosecale Witt.) And the selection of the most competitive contributing to the achievement of this objective.. The purpose of this research is to study varieties (lines) of triticale (Triticosecale Witt.) In terms of their production capacity (green mass) and adaptation to pedo-climatic conditions specific to the Banat Plain, in order to enrich the current range of forage plants for silo, given the ever-increasing needs for feed in the context of a growing demand for animal products. We chose for this study nine varieties (lines) of triticale (Triticosecale Witt.), Noted: TMV1, TMV2, TMV3, TMV4, TMV5, TMV6, TMV7, TMV8, TMV9, in order to evaluate them in terms of the main characters that contribute to the achievement green mass production for silage and selection of the most valuable genotypes for breeding. The green mass productions of the nine varieties of triticale were directly influenced by the values of the studied productivity traits. Regarding the yield per plant, the character, the height of the plants contributes to the greatest extent; the TMV7 triticale variety has the highest value in terms of this production character. From the analysis of the synthesis of mass productions in order to ensilage obtained by the studied triticale varieties, in 2018 - 2020, it is found that the best production results, in the conditions of Timisoara were recorded by TMV7 registering an average production of 44.53 t.ha-1 green mass. Based on the results recorded, under the given conditions, the TMV7 triticale line is classified for future improvement programs.

Determination of Yield, and Cold Hardiness of Some Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) Genotypes in Eastern Anatolia Region

Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) is a grain used in animal feed and is known for its high efficiency, high nutritional quality and resistance to stress factors. Triticale is an alternative plant used for the utilization of marginal areas due to these properties. This study was carried out at three different locations in Erzincan and Muş province and Pasinler districts of Erzurum province. Two candidate line and registered triticale varieties (Umranhanım) and 22 triticale lines in the advanced breeding stage were assessed comparatively in terms of efficiency yield and cold resistance parameters. According to the results of this study, Candidate-2 and Line (1, 6, 8, 11, 15, 17, and 18) genotypes were the prominent genotypes in terms of yield. In addition, low precipitation in May and June caused serious losses in yield. Because this period is the pollination period for grains in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Additional irrigation may be recommended in years when precipitation in this period is insufficient. In addition, it has been concluded that it is important to include cold test studies in breeding programs in regions where winter damage is experienced intensively as well as included in the selections.

Use of cluster analysis and analysis of the main components for evaluation of triticale samples

The study was conducted in the period 2015-2017 in the experimental field of IRGR "K. Malkov” Sadovo. The elements of productivity of 24 varieties and lines of triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmacks) were studied. The degree of variation of each of the indicators of productivity is determined by calculating a coefficient of variation. The results obtained show that the most variable indicator is the weight of grains in the central spike whereas the slightest variation is observed in the parameters of test weight and 1000 grains weight. Hierarchical cluster analysis and analysis of the main components (PC-analysis) are applied to assess the genetic similarity and distance between the different varieties. As a result of the clustering the studied samples were divided into six groups. The varieties Trit 32/6 and KS 60 are characterized with the greatest genetic proximity, followed by line BGR 30071 with the Bulgarian variety Rozhen. The largest genetic difference was reported between line BGR 30816 and variety KT 81. The applied analysis of the main components shows that the components PC 1, PC 2 and PC 3 explain 70.6% of the total variation of all traits by genotypes. The largest numbers of samples (9) belong to component 3, as four of them are located in the negative values of PC 3, and the other five genotypes are in the positive values of PC 3. Component 1 is represented by eight samples, and component 2 includes seven triticale genotypes.

Reaction of advanced lines of triticale to karnal bunt (Tilletia indica)

Twenty advanced lines of triticale were evaluated for resistance to karnal bunt during the 2014-2015 crop season, at the Norman E. Borlaug Experimental Station. The sowing dates were November 19 and 29, 2014. One mL of an allantoid sporidial suspension (10,000/mL) was injected during the boot stage of ten spikes per line. A mist-irrigation system was used to provide high humidity in the experimental area. Harvesting and threshing were done manually, and the counting of infected and healthy grains was perfomed by visual inspection. The range of infection for the first sowing date was 0 - 2.4%, with an average of 0.3, and for the second 0 - 1.4%, with an average of 0.4. Five lines did not show any infected grains in both dates and the rest was in the 0.1-2.5% infection category. The average of infection of the susceptible check during the period of inoculation of this group of lines was 86.6%. The highest average percentage of infection of both dates were shown by lines: TURACO/CENT.SARDEV/7/LIRON_2/5/DISB5/3/SPHD/ PVN//YOGUI_6/4/KER_3/6/BULL_10/MANATI_1/8/LIRON_2/5/DISB5/3/SPHD/PVN// YOGUI_6/4/KER_3/6/BULL_10/MANATI_1/9/BICEN (CTSS08Y00035S-099Y-026M-19Y-099M-2Y-2BMX-4Y) with 1.6 and POPP1_2/CAAL//THELIN#2/5/PRESTO//2*TESMO_1/ MUSX603/4/ARDI_1/TOPO1419//ERIZO_9/3/SUSI_2/6/ARDI/GNU//2*FAHAD_1/4/BULL_ 10/MANATI_1/3/ELK54/ BUF_2//NIMIR_3 with 1.3%. These lines also showed the highest percentage of infection in the first date with 1.8 and 2.4%, respectively.

Molecular identification of triticale introgression lines carrying leaf rust resistance genes transferred from Aegilops kotschyi Boiss. and Ae. tauschii Coss

Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) is a commercial hybrid harboring wheat (Triticum sp.) and rye (Secale cereale L.) genomes. The limited genetic diversity of this crop resulted in the collapse of fungal disease resistance. Leaf rust disease, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks., is reported to reduce the triticale yield significantly (more than 30%). There is a need to enlarge the genetic variability of this crop including leaf resistance genes. The main aim of this research was to evaluate the leaf rust resistance of the offspring of translocation lines of triticale carrying chromatin of Ae. tauschii and Ae. kotschyi. A reaction of seedlings of 200 plants of two triticale-Aegilops translocation lines (Bogo-2Dt.2R and Sekundo-2Sk.2R) was compared after inoculation with a natural mixture of P. triticina races, specific to triticale in controlled condition. Before inoculation, each plant was screened using molecular cytogenetics and molecular markers linked to leaf rust resistance genes. The presence of Aegilops chromosome segments was confirmed using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Lr39 and Lr54 leaf rust resistance genes were identified using Xgdm35 and S14 molecular markers, respectively. After inoculation, a significant improvement of resistance severity was observed in Sekundo-2Sk.2R in comparison with triticale cv. Sekundo plants. The resistance level of Bogo-2Dt.2R did not differ compared with triticale cv. Bogo plants. It was shown that Lr39 gene did not increase the leaf rust resistance level of triticale cv. Bogo.

Pollen Flow of Winter Triticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) Investigated with Transgenic Line Expressing β-Glucuronidase Gene

A transgenic winter triticale line expressing the uidA gene, encoding β-glucuronidase, was used to assess the pollen flow in field experiments over two consecutive vegetation seasons in central Poland. The experimental design included two variants of mixed transgenic and non-transgenic lines. Pollen grains were collected using passive traps located at 0, 10, 30, 60 and 85 m from the transgenic line. GM pollen grains were detected histochemically by staining with x-Gluc. A positive effect of temperature increase, as well as the strength and direction of the wind on the number and spread of pollen grains was observed. Regardless of the experiment year and variant, only few pollen grains were observed at a distance of 85 m. In the first year of the study the amount of pollen grains at 85 m was 300-fold lower than at the source and 140-fold lower in the second year. The number of transgenic pollen grains was two times lower when the field with the transgenic triticale was surrounded by a non-transgenic line, compared to an empty field. On the basis of the obtained results, we suggest 100 m as the distance for triticale pollen migration, although longer flight incidents are possible in extreme atmospheric conditions.

Triticale and barley microspore embryogenesis induction requires both reactive oxygen species generation and efficient system of antioxidative defence

The effectiveness of microspore embryogenesis (ME) is determined by a complex network of internal and environmental factors. In the present study on triticale and barley, strong positive correlation (r = 0.85) between the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ME effectiveness confirmed the important role of reactive oxygen species in microspore reprogramming. However, for high effectiveness of ME induction, intensive H2O2 generation had to be associated with high activity of antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The strong seasonal effect on the physiological status of microspores revealed in the study suggests a kind of ‘biological clock’ controlling plant reproduction, crucial for microspore viability and embryogenic potential. Although the effect of various modifications of ME-inducing stress tiller pre-treatment was determined mainly by the physiological condition of microspores, at higher stress intensity positive effects induced by antioxidant molecules—reduced glutathione and its precursor, l-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid—were observed. High level of variation in the response to ME-inducing stress tiller pre-treatment was also revealed between the two DH lines of triticale and two cultivars of barley and among microspores isolated from subsequently developed spikes.

News lines of winter common wheat (triticum aestivum L.) and winter triticale (xtriticosecale wittmack ex a. camus) in the conditions of the forest-steppe of Ukraine

The data on the analysis of new lines of common wheat and winter triticale hexaploid level by morphological characteristics, biochemical properties and markers grain created and studied during 2005–2019 are provided. in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.A new breeding material of common wheat and winter triticale hexaploid level has been submitted for study to the National Center for Genetic Resources Plant of Ukraine of the Рlant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuryev of NAAS of Ukraine and is used by us in breeding tasks.The purpose and objectives of the study – to create and give an agroecological and selection and economic assessment of the new starting material of hexaploid level of winter triticale adapted to the conditions of the Forest-Steppe and Polissia Ukraine.Materials and methods. The breeding work was carried out in the educational and scientific research center of Bila Tserkva NAU in 2007–2017. The source material was the triticale varieties of winter of various ecological and geographical origin of domestic and foreign selection (Slavetne, Pshenychne, Chayan, DAU 5, Uragan, Ladne, Rarytet, Poliske 7, Adas, Woltario, etc.) provided on a contractual basis to the NCGRP of Ukraine of the Рlant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuryev of NAAS. Hybridization was performed by the method of manual castration of maternal components and fueling by the «fuel-method» 2–3 days after castration. All observations and evaluations were carried out according to the according to generally accepted methodology according to generally accepted methodology. Mathematical-statistical data processing was carried out according to B.A. Dospekhov and using computer software Statistica-5.5 and Excel-2003.The discussion of the results. It is shown that new wheat lines: Donzorna 1005, Sviatdonivka 1007/05, Kyivopolka 1016, Polezoriana 1021, Flonormyra 1017/05, Zoroariyivka 1024/05, and triticale Trygorsyz give good results, given the consistently high consistently high winter tolerance and drought tolerance (8.5 points on average), plant productivity (average grain weight per ear 2.5 g, weight 1000 grains 50 g) and grain yield (average 5.8 t/ha ) and grain quality (protein content: in wheat grain – 14%, triticale – 10.8%) and flour (gluten content 27–29%, including triticale – 19%).According to the results of environmental testing in the central and northern Forest-Steppe, new genotypes formed such an average grain yield: Donzorna 1005 – 5.32 t/ha, Sviatdonivka 1007/05 – 5.59 t/ha, Kyivopolka 1016 – 5.89 t/ha, Polezoriana 1021/09 ’ 5.87 t/ha, Flonormyra 1017/05 – 6.77 t/ha, Zoroariyivka 1024/05 – 5.93, and triticale Trygorsyz – 5.17 t/ha.Analysis of electrophoresis of storage proteins showed that the new Donzorna line 1005/05 is characterized by the presence of recombinant wheat-rye translocation 1BL.1RS from the Caucasus type secalinam. In addition, the genetic marker 1BL.1RS was also noted in the lines KC 14-05 (UA0123342), Zoriana Nosovskaya (UA0110603), L 3-95 (UA0107961), L 41-95 (UA0108030), L 4639/96 (UA 0108163) , which are samples of the Ukrainian Plant Gene Pool, which indicates the possibility of their study in breeding and genetic programs for the use of reserve proteins controlled by the Gli-Al, Gli-R1 loci as genetic markers for identifying genotypes with recombinant 1RS and determining the frequency of recombination between shoulders 1RS as part of various translocations within the framework of tasks on the formation of recombinantly inbred wheat lines with high resistance to a series of stem rusts.Conclusions. The materials of the article reflect the results of the formation and study of a new source material of winter common wheat and triticale of hexaploid level, which was transferred in 2019 to study in National Center for Genetic Resources Plant of Ukraine of the Рlant Production Institute nd. a. V.Ya. Yuryev of NAAS of Ukraine in order to register and replenish the country's genetic bank with genotypes valuable for agroecological, breeding and economic traits for long-term selection and genetic research.