Lifestyle Components Research Articles

Socioeconomic inequalities in sport participation: pattern per sport and time trends – a repeated cross-sectional study

BackgroundSport participation is an important component of a healthy lifestyle and is known to be more common among privileged individuals. However, few studies examined socio-demographic patterns of participation by type of activity. This study aims at quantifying socio-economic inequalities in sport participation by sport type, and to analyse their trend over 15 years.MethodsWe used 2005–2019 data from the Bus Santé study, a yearly population-based cross-sectional survey of Geneva adults. Sport participation was defined as reporting at least one sporting activity over the previous week; educational level, household income and occupational position were used as indicators of socio-economic position. Socio-economic inequalities in sport participation, and their trend over time, were examined using the relative and slope indexes of inequality (RII/SII).ResultsOut of 7769 participants (50.8% women, mean age 46 years old), 60% participated in a sporting activity. Results showed that the higher the socioeconomic circumstances, the higher the sport participation (RII = 1.78; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.64–1.92; SII = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.29–0.37 for education). Relative inequalities varied per sport e.g., 0.68 (95%CI: 0.44–1.07) for football and 4.25 (95%CI: 2.68–6.75) for tennis/badminton for education. Yearly absolute inequalities in sport participation tended to increase between 2005 and 2019 for household income, especially among women and older adults.ConclusionsWe observed strong socio-economic inequalities in sport participation in Geneva, with different magnitude depending on the sport type. These inequalities seemed to increase over the 2005–2019 period. Our results call for tailored measures to promote the participation of socially disadvantaged populations in sporting activities.

P080 Print and online news representations of osteoporosis and its treatment in the UK: a framing analysis

Abstract Background/Aims Osteoporosis is a common condition which weakens bones, meaning bones can break easily. Breaking a bone may be a painful experience with significant physical, psychological, and social impact. Experts have recently proposed the “osteoporosis crisis” meaning those at risk are not being identified and for those who are, treatment uptake remains low. It is unclear what is driving the crisis. One influence may be news media, as news can impact on health beliefs and behaviours. This study aimed to investigate how osteoporosis and its treatment are represented in UK print and online news. Methods First, to explore the amount of newspaper coverage of osteoporosis compared to other long-term conditions (LTCs), a ProQuest search of twelve highly circulated newspapers between the 1st of October 2019 and the 30th of September 2020 was conducted, using the keyword “osteoporosis” and keywords relating to eight other LTCs. Next, the search on articles relating to osteoporosis was extended by using the search function on each newspaper’s website. The articles containing the keyword “osteoporosis” were subject to an inductive framing analysis. Analysis involved identifying dominant frames and components within them including problem definition, causal attribution, moral evaluation, and treatment recommendation. Results From the ProQuest comparison search, fewer articles were published containing the keyword “osteoporosis” (n = 148) compared to any of the other LTCs (“rheumatoid arthritis” (n = 194) to “cancer” (n = 9,644)). A total of 218 articles from ProQuest and online news platforms were identified for the framing analysis. Three dominant frames were present: Biomedical (n = 53 articles), Lifestyle (n = 47 articles) and Human-Interest (n = 118 articles). Osteoporosis was presented as a problem of menopause and ageing across all frames. The cause was attributed to either an imbalance in bone turnover (biomedical), poor diet and inactivity (lifestyle) and often disordered eating and menopause (human-interest). Moral evaluations of osteoporosis included descriptions of osteoporosis as a serious condition (biomedical), women were often described as vulnerable (lifestyle), and people with the condition were described as disabled, elderly and suffering (human-interest). Treatment recommendations highlighted pharmacological treatment (biomedical), or prevention through lifestyle choices (lifestyle). Human-interest stories included celebrity perspectives which were characterised by wealthy, glamorous and royal individuals and events, and lay stories which presented shocking or unusual cases and described those with the condition as victims and sufferers. Conclusion This study found that osteoporosis receives little media attention compared to other LTCs. There was little overlap between biomedical, and lifestyle components which reinforce osteoporosis as either a serious condition requiring medical intervention or as a self-inflicted condition controllable through individual actions. Human-interest stories highlighted pain and suffering of those afflicted. Results will inform focus groups exploring audience perceptions of media about osteoporosis and contribute to recommendations for reporting osteoporosis in the media. Disclosure R. Turner: None. C. Jinks: Grants/research support; CJ is part funded by the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (ARC) West Midlands. S. Holohan: None. Z. Paskins: Grants/research support; ZP is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) (Clinician Scientist Award (CS-2018-18-ST2- 010)/NIHR Academy).

Optimizing Lifestyle Behaviors in Preventing Multiple Long-Term Conditions

Multiple long-term conditions such as the simultaneous prevalence of obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease are becoming increasingly prevalent globally with major consequences of morbidity, mortality and health economy. Lifestyle preventative approaches, especially combining nutrition and physical activity behavioral components, are essential in preventing multiple long-term conditions. However, funded research programs often focus on a single disease or a condition rather than a cluster of conditions. This entry addresses how lifestyle components, especially exercise and nutrition, could target multiple risk reductions associated with preventing multiple long-term conditions, especially diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Innovative exercise prescription should include different intensity-based approaches, which may include intense forms of exercise, but one size does not fit all. Nutritional intake guidelines can also be individualized to target multiple long-term conditions, which all contribute to informing better public health preventative policies.

Food insecurity is associated with an unhealthy lifestyle score in middle- and older-aged adults: findings from the EPIPorto cohort.

The association of food insecurity with the combined effect of lifestyles is still limited. This study evaluated the association between food insecurity and a lifestyle score in middle- and older-aged adults. A cross-sectional study (2013-2016) was performed among 595 individuals (≥ 50 years) from the EPIPorto cohort (Porto, Portugal). Food security status was assessed using the US Household Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form. Information on fruit and vegetable consumption (F&V), physical activity (PA) practice, tobacco smoking, and alcohol consumption were included in a lifestyle score. Those with F&V < five portions/day, < 150min/week of moderate-intensity PA or < 75min/week of vigorous-intensity PA, current smokers, consumers of > one drink of alcoholic beverages in women, and > two in men were assigned with one point; all the others had nil points. The score could range from 0 to 4, and was further categorised into three categories. Food insecurity was positively associated with an unhealthy lifestyle profile (OR = 2.272; 95%CI:1.079-4.782), independently of the adjustment variables. Analysing each lifestyle component, food insecurity was associated with low PA practice (OR = 2.365; 95%CI:1.020-5.485). Individuals from food insecure households were more likely to have an unhealthy lifestyle profile. Public health strategies should be developed among food insecure individuals to promote healthy lifestyles.

The Development of a Hypertension Prevention and Financial-Incentive mHealth Program Using a "No-Code" Mobile App Builder: Development and Usability Study.

Regular physical activity (PA) is a key lifestyle component for hypertension prevention. Previous studies have shown that mobile health (mHealth) apps can be an effective tool for improving PA behaviors. However, adherence to and poor engagement with these apps is a challenge. A potential solution to overcome this challenge may be to combine financial incentives with innovative behavior theory, such as the Multiprocess Action Control (M-PAC) framework. Currently, there is a lack of PA financial incentive-driven M-PAC mHealth programs aimed at hypertension prevention. We aimed to describe the process of developing an 8-week mHealth PA and financial-incentive hypertension education program (Healthy Hearts) and to evaluate usability of the Healthy Hearts program. The first 2 stages of the Integrate, Design, Assess, and Share framework were used to guide the development of the Healthy Hearts program. The development process consisted of 2 phases. In phase 1, the research team met to discuss implementing the M-PAC framework to adopt an existing web-based hypertension prevention program to a mobile app. The app was developed using a no-code app development platform, Pathverse (Pathverse Inc), to help decrease overall development time. In phase 2, we created a prototype and conducted usability testing to evaluate lesson 1 of the Healthy Hearts program to further enhance the user experience. We used semistructured interviews and the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire to evaluate program acceptability and usability. Intervention development among the research team successfully created an 8-week financial-incentive hypertension education program for adults aged 40-65 years who did not currently meet the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines (<150 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA per week). This program lasted 8 weeks and comprised 25 lessons guided by the M-PAC framework. The program used various behavior change techniques to further support PA adherence. Usability testing of the first lesson was successful, with 6 participants recruited for 2 rounds of testing. Feedback was gathered to enhance the content, layout, and design of the Healthy Hearts program to prepare the mHealth program for feasibility testing. Results of round 1 of usability testing suggested that the content delivered in the lessons was long. Therefore, the content was divided into multiple lessons before round 2 of usability testing, where feedback was only on design preferences. A minimum viable product was created with these results. The iterative development process and the usability assessments suggested by the Integrate, Design, Assess, and Share framework enabled participants to provide valuable feedback on the content, design, and layout of the program before advancing to feasibility testing. Furthermore, the use of the "no-code" app development tool enabled our team to rapidly make changes to the app based on user feedback during the iterative design process.

Association of fasting blood glucose variability with all-cause mortality in heart transplant recipients.

Fasting blood glucose (FBG) variability, an emerging marker of glycemic control, has been shown to be related to the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in subjects with or without diabetes. However, whether FBG variability is independently associated with a higher all-cause mortality in heart transplant recipients remains unknown. We performed a retrospective cohort study including 373 adult recipients who survived for at least 1year after heart transplantation with a functioning graft and measured FBG more than three times within first year after transplantation. Multivariable adjusted Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the association between FBG variability and all-cause mortality. Patients were categorized into three groups according to the coefficient of variation of FBG level: ≤7.0%, 7.0%-13.5%, and >13.5%. During a median follow-up of 44.4months (interquartile range [IQR], 22.6-63.3months), 31 (8.3%) participants died. In univariate analyses, FBG variability was associated with an increased all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.67, 5.38; p<.001). This association remained materially unchanged in the multivariable model adjusted for components of demographics, cardiovascular history and lifestyle, hospital information, immunosuppressive therapy, and post-transplant renal function (HR: 2.75, 95% CI: 1.43, 5.28; p=.004). After heart transplantation, high FBG variability is strongly and independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. Our findings suggest that FBG variability is a novel risk factor and prognostic marker for heart transplantation recipients in outpatient clinic.

Challenges to Lifestyle Medicine for Type 2 Diabetes in Iran: A Synoptic Review

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health issue in Iran. The principal context for T2D management is the prevention of cardiovascular disease development and progression. These preventive strategies can be enhanced with routine implementation of comprehensive lifestyle modification, guideline-directed medical therapies, and creation of infrastructure that considers social determinants of health, ethnocultural variables, and financial challenges. In this synoptic review, scientific evidence sourced from Iran is analyzed to identify tactics to optimize the lifestyle medicine component of T2D care in Iran. Important evidence-based factors gleaned from the literature were curated into 9 categories: self-care, dietary adherence, mental health, self-comparison, transcultural adaptation, family support and community engagement, physical activity, the global pandemic, and service delivery. These categories were then assigned to 1 of 4 a priori aspects challenging diabetes care in Iran: behavioral factors, belief system, drivers, and implementation. By codifying discussion points and individual tactics, the improvement and optimization of T2D care in Iran can be facilitated. This reductionist model of approaching lifestyle medicine and complex chronic disease such as T2D can be applied to other ethnocultural populations.

FEATURES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON INCREASE OF PHYSICAL WORKABILITY OF FEMALE STUDENTS AND THE COURSE

The purpose of the work: to investigate the influence of modern fitness technologies on the level of physical condition of students of higher education. Methodology: theoretical research methods were used, in particular, analysis and generalization of methodological, psychological-pedagogical and educational-methodical literature, which made it possible to reveal the influence of modern fitness technologies on the health of student youth, determining the health of students according to the Pyrogova method. Scientific novelty: it was found that the indicators of the state of health, physical fitness, motor activity and motivation of students for traditional physical education classes are at a rather low level. A survey of physical education teachers showed that in institutions of higher education there is an insufficient amount of computer equipment that would be used during classes. The physical condition of higher education graduates who are engaged in modern fitness programs, where the results are observed to be significantly higher, was also analyzed.Conclusions: the main idea of introducing fitness technolo gies into the educational process of physical education is to create a conscious attitude to health-related activities, the formation of a sustainable interest in physical culture, a positive and active attitude to a healthy lifestyle, and the disclosure of everyone's creative and motor abilities. This approach has a positive effect on the physical condition of those who practice. The interest of young people in fitness culture is due to the accessibility, effectiveness and emotionality of the components of its basis of health fitness, among which are elective physical exercises with the use of innovative programs and technologies, components of a healthy lifestyle, the possibility of diagnosing physical condition, visible external improvements, etc.

Ethnic differences in the lifestyle behaviors and premature coronary artery disease: a multi-center study

BackgroundDiverse ethnic groups that exist in Iran may differ regarding the risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and family history of non-communicable disease. Premature Coronary Artery Disease (PCAD) is more endemic in Iran than before. This study sought to assess the association between ethnicity and lifestyle behaviors in eight major Iranian ethnic groups with PCAD.MethodsIn this study, 2863 patients aged ≤ 70 for women and ≤ 60 for men who underwent coronary angiography were recruited in a multi-center framework. All the patients’ demographic, laboratory, clinical, and risk factor data were retrieved. Eight large ethnicities in Iran, including the Farses, the Kurds, the Turks, the Gilaks, the Arabs, the Lors, the Qashqai, and the Bakhtiari were evaluated for PCAD. Different lifestyle components and having PCAD were compared among the ethnical groups using multivariable modeling.ResultsThe mean age of the 2863 patients participated was 55.66 ± 7.70 years. The Fars ethnicity with 1654 people, was the most subject in this study. Family history of more than three chronic diseases (1279 (44.7%) was the most common risk factor. The Turk ethnic group had the highest prevalence of ≥ 3 simultaneous lifestyle-related risk factors (24.3%), and the Bakhtiari ethnic group had the highest prevalence of no lifestyle-related risk factors (20.9%). Adjusted models showed that having all three abnormal lifestyle components increased the risk of PCAD (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.04–1.06). The Arabs had the most chance of getting PCAD among other ethnicities (OR = 2.26, 95%CI: 1.40–3.65). While, the Kurds with a healthy lifestyle showed the lowest chance of getting PCAD (OR = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.05–3.67)).ConclusionsThis study found there was heterogeneity in having PACD and a diverse distribution in its well-known traditional lifestyle-related risk factors among major Iranian ethnic groups.

Eating habits and nutritional status of women with musculo-skeletal diseases

Different theories link chronic musculoskeletal pain with lifestyle components, including diet. However, nutritional assesment and optimization is not routinely included into the medical management of patients with muskuloskeletal diseases (MSKD). In this study we aimed to evaluate the diet and nutritional status of a group of women with MSKD and to assess the extent to which they comply with the general recommendations for a healthy diet. The results showed that 97% of the subjects included were overweight or obese, and the compliance to different general nutritional recommandations ranged between 3% to 57%. Furthermore, the quality of life of this patients measured through SF-36 question-naire was severly affected and the reported pain intensity on numeric pain scale had a mean of 8 (±1.3) in our study group. Although there are currently no specific guidelines for the nutrition of patients with chronic pain, an important first step would be to guide these patients towards an increase in diet quality and a healthy lifestyle by adhering to general nutritional recommendations regarding healthy eating.

Urinary Paraben Derivatives in Infertile Women; Is It a Cause of Concern?

Background: Parabens (PBs) may have potential endocrine disruption effects and may affect fertility. Objectives: This study aimed to find the relationship between the urinary concentration of PB derivatives, including methylparaben (MP), ethylparaben (EP), propylparaben (PP), and butylparaben (BP), with the hormonal profile and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes of infertile women. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in an academic center in Tehran from April to December 2021. The demographic data and lifestyle components as well as the urinary MP, EP, PP, and BP among the infertile and fertile women were evaluated and compared. Also, in infertile patients, the correlation between the hormonal profile and IVF outcomes (the number and quality of oocytes and embryos) with urinary PBs was assessed and reported. Results: A total of 206 women were included in the study. The distribution of urinary PB concentrations between groups was not significantly different. The frequency and comparison of used personal care products, cosmetics, detergents, and foodstuffs for some items except folic acid were significantly higher in the control group. Comparing the effects of PBs on hormones, a significant impact of MP on estradiol was observed for the second, third, and fourth quantiles. The follicle-stimulating hormone was significantly affected by the fourth quartile of EP. Additionally, the effect of EP on anti-mullerian hormones was negative and significant for the fourth quartile compared to the first quartile. Conclusions: Urinary PB levels may not be an indicator for infertility and hormonal distribution, at least for a short duration, and did not impact IVF outcomes.

Swimming as a means of recovery for students in high school

Swimming classes have a positive effect not only on the health level of students, but also increase brain activity, since all processes in the human body are interconnected. In turn, swimming is the kind of motor activity that helps the human body to fully heal itself. In swimming lessons, when performing physical exercises in water, all the main muscle groups are involved in the work, which contributes not only to health and physical development, but also positively affects the development of basic physical qualities, such as strength and endurance, which is reflected in physical education programs of higher education institutions. Today, unfortunately, there is both a low level of health among student youth and a low level of development of physical qualities, which makes it necessary to develop differentiated programs for young men and women, taking into account not only their level of preparation, but also taking into account the deviations and disorders in their condition health in the development of control standards. Swimming, as one of the types of motor activity, is one of the components of a healthy lifestyle. Swimming can be done not only by healthy people, but also by those who have diseases of the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular or respiratory system, and moderate and heavy physical activity is contraindicated for them, but physical exercises in water are recommended. Therefore, the main task of swimming in ZVO is to improve the functional state of the body by selecting the optimal amount of physical load and the nature of exercises for everyone who engages in it and obtaining the desired health-improving effect.

"A wolf in sheep's clothing": when so-called placebo interventions are not what they seem.

"A wolf in sheep's clothing": when so-called placebo interventions are not what they seem.

Potential Lifestyle Indicators of Health among White-Collar Workers during the SARS-Cov2 Pandemic in India

Lifestyle is well known to be a player in the health of society, increasing the number of concerns on lifestyle diseases accounting to increase in the mortality to the coronavirus pandemic make it more evident. The COVID-19 pandemic is a dreadful disease caused by the recently discovered coronavirus, still at large affecting the lives of millions across the globe. The lockdown and social distancing are known key factors that can slow down the spread apart from host immunity. The objective of this study is to find the effect of many lifestyle components in influencing host immunity and health. Methods: COVID lifestyle questionnaire was designed by experts and digitally circulated. The aim of the study is to determine the importance of the various lifestyle components in health, during the Covid 19 pandemic. The questionnaire was related to pandemic lockdown work style, stress, sleep, food habit, physical activity, social connectivity, personal habits, perception of health factors and healthy practices. Results: The 94 valid responses in total, and the data showed that the lifestyle component of (i) work duration was high in (n=37, 35.6%), (ii) physical stress at work was high and above in (n=49, 46.6%), mental stress at work (n=65, 61.9%), (iii) sleep -bedtime beyond 11: 00 PM (n=71.68.3%), sleep duration below 6 hours (n=54, 51.4%), (iv) change of food habit (n= 61, 58%), (v) low physical activity (n=42, 40.4%), low exercise (n=56, 53.3%), (vi) social interaction, decrease in peer (n=60, 57.1%), decline in friends (n=55, 52.4%), increase in a family circle (n=64, 61%), increase socializing activities (n= 74, 71.1%). Chi-square test to determine the association between categorical variables showed an association between Lockdown, Food, Social habits, and personal time with a significance of p &lt;0.000. Perception to boost immunity and health were food, exercise and immunity enhancer intake. Whereas the factors assumed to affect health were food, stress and sleep. Conclusion: It is certain that lifestyle components are to be considered in a wholesome approach to health promotion in society to improve overall well-being and potential defense against infections like coronavirus. Value of the data • These data provide information on health-related behavior and lifestyle, which is important for understanding the lockdown impact due to COVID-19 on the healthy population. • The diverse data on various aspects of lifestyle provides key understanding to healthcare teams on priorities to be made based on subject preferences. • The authorities can benefit from these data to set up adequate protocols for the post-confinement and a possible future similar crisis. • Other researchers around the world can use these data to conduct comparative studies in other countries. • These data would be very useful for the marketing teams of the lifestyle variables described so as to enhance their focus. Objective COVID-19 as a pandemic had raised many concerns on how certain people or communities have been immune to it completely or with minimum toll. As the saying “survival of the fittest”, Lifestyle factors is mostly believed to be the answer to the question that the pandemic has raised. Further, during the pandemic, it was evident that people had modified their lifestyles in the best way possible to keep themselves secure.

The Effect of Transvaginal Prolapse Surgery on Anorectal Function

AbstractObjective Pelvic floor dysfunction can manifest as a spectrum including anorectal dysfunction, vaginal prolapse, and urinary incontinence. Sacrospinous fixation is a procedure performed by gynecologists to treat vaginal prolapse. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of transvaginal prolapse surgery on anorectal function.Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective review of patients undergoing sacrospinous fixation surgery for vaginal prolapse between 2014 to 2020. Those with anorectal dysfunction who had also been evaluated by the colorectal service preoperatively and postoperatively were included for analysis. These patients were assessed with symptom-specific validated questionnaires. The effect of surgery on constipation and fecal incontinence symptoms was analyzed.Results A total of 22 patients were included for analysis. All patients underwent transvaginal sacrospinous fixation, and 95.4% also had posterior colporrhaphy for vaginal prolapse. There were a statistically significant improvements in the Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI), the St. Mark's Incontinence Score (Vaizey), the embarrassment and lifestyle components of the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Score, the Constipation Scoring System, the Obstructed Defecation Score, and components of the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life score.Conclusion Transvaginal prolapse surgery leads to a favorable effect on anorectal function, with improvements in both obstructed defecation and fecal incontinence scores in this small series.

Psychological interventions aiming for changing dietary habits in patients with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Diet is a critical component of healthy lifestyle, especially in cardiac rehabilitation. Psychological interventions, as well as mix-treatment interventions, such as psychological components, appear promising approaches in the adoption and maintenance of a healthy diet in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD).Given the variety of clinical intervention programmes available, we aimed to determine whether psychological interventions and interventions that incorporate psychological components provide better lifestyle outcomes than traditional care, specifically targeting dietary outcomes, and what types of psychological or mix-treatment interventions are more likely to benefit patients with CVD. A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO to identify interventional studies, published from 2012 to 2022, written in English, evaluating psychological and mix-treatment intervention programmes for dietary outcomes in patients with CVD. In total, 33 intervention studies (n = 5644 patients) were retrieved and analysed using fixed and random effects models. No significant effect of the psychological intervention was observed regarding fruit and vegetable intake (Hedge's g = +1.06, p = 0.766), whereas a significant reduction was observed in alcoholic beverage consumption in the intervention group, as compared to the control group (Hedge's g = -7.33, p < 0.001). However, based on both our qualitative and quantitative analyses, psychological and mix-treatment interventions were more effective than traditional models in dietary modification. Also, the majority of effective interventions were psychological over mixed-treatment interventions. Findings add to the growing evidence suggesting that specific psychological interventions may be effective approaches in dietary modification for patients with CVD, potentially forming part of public health agenda.

Interaction effects of Action Real-Time Strategy Game experience and trait anxiety on brain functions measured via EEG rhythm

Purpose Action Real-Time Strategy Games (ART SGs) is a prominent component of lifestyles and offers an ecological venue to investigate brain functions. Anxiety is an adaptive emotion and may exert its wide influence on brain functions. However, little is known about the potential interaction effects of trait anxiety and ART SG exper ence on brain functions.Materials and methods In this study, EEG and behavioral data of 215 League of Legends (LOL) video game players were collected. And then, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted on relative power indices, and relations between power indices and game performance scores were calculated using Spearman's correlation.Results Results showed that (a) gamma (resting and game play states) and beta (game play state) powers of high-level ART SG players were greater than those of low-level players in the high-Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) score group (p<0.05); (b) during the game play state, the delta power of highlevel players was lower than that of the low-level players in the high-TAI score group (p<0.05); and (c) game performance scores were positively correlated with gamma powers.Conclusions These findings indicated that brain functions may be influenced by interactions of the ART SG experience and trait anxiety levels, and provided new insights into the potential mechanisms of brainapparatus conversation.

Effect of Food Intake on Sleep: Mechanisms and Recommendations

Sleep is a crucial lifestyle component that improves general health. The effect of diet and consumption of certain foods has been reported to have a significant effect on sleep patterns and sleep quality. Many supplements were used to help promote healthy sleep. However, the connection between some food factors and sleep is rather complicated. The nutritional components change depending on the food habits and the digestive and metabolic processes of each person. Several studies and systematic reviews reported potential benefit of specific nutrients and their role in sleep including: high-fiber and low-sugar carbohydrates, protein, fatty acids, several vitamins such as vitamins D, C, and B and electrolyte especially magnesium. Others were reported could disrupted sleep such as caffeine, alcohol and excess sugar. This article discussed nutrients that are potential to play a role in sleep quality, their mechanisms, and food recommendation that can be made to help improve sleep quality and sleep wellness. Keywords: Diet, sleep-promoting food, sleep quality

Lifestyle Factors, Genetic Risk, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Prospective Cohort Study in UK Biobank.

Evidence is limited regarding the association between lifestyles and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and the extent to which healthy lifestyles could offset the genetic risk of CVD in females with breast cancer (BC). Females diagnosed as BC, who were free of CVD at baseline, from UK Biobank were included. Five modifiable lifestyle factors were considered to calculate the healthy lifestyle score, namely body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary habits, and physical activity. The polygenetic risk score (PRS) was derived for coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic stroke (IS), and heart failure (HF). In 13,348 female BC survivors, there were 986 CVD events (736 CHD, 165 IS, and 353 HF) over a median of 8.01 years of follow-up. Participants with 4-5 healthy lifestyle components were associated with a decreased risk of incident CVD (HR: 0.50; 95%CI: 0.37, 0.66), CHD (HR: 0.49; 95%CI: 0.35, 0.69), IS (HR: 0.35; 95%CI: 0.19, 0.65), and HF (HR: 0.59; 95%CI: 0.36, 0.97), compared with those with 0-1 lifestyle components. Evidence for the genetic-lifestyle interaction was observed for CHD (p = 0.034) and HF (p = 0.044). Among participants at high genetic risk, a healthy lifestyle was associated with a lower risk of CHD (HR: 0.37; 95%CI: 0.24, 0.56), IS (HR: 0.37; 95%CI: 0.15, 0.93) and HF (HR: 0.39; 95%CI: 0.21, 0.73). Our findings suggest that BC survivors with a high genetic risk could benefit more from adherence to a healthy lifestyle in reducing CVD risk.

Components of a healthy lifestyle among tertiary students in Kemerovo

Highlights. The results of an online survey of Kemerovo students regarding nutrition, physical activity, smoking, drinking alcohol, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are presented.University students do not always follow the principles of healthy living due to poor nutrition, low physical activity and high consumption of tobacco and alcohol products.Aim. To evaluate dietary habits and modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in tertiary students in Kemerovo.Methods. The pilot study included 136 university students (aged 20-21 years) residing in Kemerovo who filled out online questionnaires. The questionnaires were comprised of questions about the preferred diet, lifestyle, level of physical activity, the presence of behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases (smoking, drinking alcohol). Additionally, the respondents` subjective opinion about their own healthy lifestyle (HLS) was evaluated.Results. The obtained data demonstrates a high prevalence of meat and sausage consumption (60%) and a low frequency of vegetables and fruits consumption (26%) among tertiary students. Simultaneously, most of the respondents have restricted the intake of savory snacks and consumption of sweet carbonated drinks. Almost a third of students skip breakfast and regularly visit fast food restaurants. Most of the respondents do not consider replacing red meat with fish or poultry, or using more low-fat dairy products and fruits instead of confectionery in their diet. A third of young people (33%) aged 20-21 have smoked or are currently smoking cigarettes, and more than half (63%) have consumed or regularly consume alcohol. Moreover, a very low percentage of students (7%) devote their time to regular physical activity. The analysis of the respondents` subjective opinion of their lifestyle has revealed that most students do not fully comprehend the concepts of “healthy lifestyle” and “healthy diet”, because their answers did not meet the criteria of healthy lifestyle. Only 57.7% of respondents who believe their lifestyle to be healthy are actually correct.Conclusion. Tertiary students in Kemerovo do not always follow the rules of healthy lifestyle. It has been illustrated by their poor nutrition, low physical activity and frequent alcohol and tobacco use. Students associate healthy diet exclusively with not consuming sugary drinks, savory snacks, fast food, and having proper breakfast, which could be caused by the lack of general knowledge about a proper balanced diet.