Latin American Literature Research Articles

Factors associated with suicidal ideation among puerperal women in the context of public health: integrative review

Objective: To synthesize scientific evidence about the factors associated with suicidal ideation in the puerperal period in the context of public health. Methods: Integrative review conducted by the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol, carried out in July 2022, in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Nursing Database, Spanish Bibliographic Index of Health Sciences, PsycINFO and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Results: Seven studies were selected to compose this review. Factors associated with suicidal ideation in the puerperal period were younger, single, unemployed women, having an unemployed partner, having experienced intimate partner violence, having faced stressful events during pregnancy, previous experiences of abortion and marital dissatisfaction, depressive symptoms and other mental disorders (mood disorders, hypomanic symptoms, neuroticism and psychoticism). High self-esteem aimed to reduce ideas of suicide during the postpartum period. Being primigravid, having a harmonious relationship with the mother-in-law, and marital satisfaction were presented as protective factors. Conclusion: The synthesis of the studies showed the association of psychosocial, physiological and sociodemographic factors with suicidal ideation among puerperal women, as well as protective factors.

Study of the Bionomy and the Therapeutic Potential of a Substance Obtained from Spider Venom (Arthropoda: Araneae)

Venom is present in most spiders in the world, only two groups of venomous spiders are known and their chemical composition varies greatly between species. The vast majority have venom that is not very toxic to the human body, as is the case with crabs. However, the venom of other spiders affects humans more seriously. This manuscript aims to verify the bionomics of spiders and their therapeutic potential (Arthropoda: Araneae). Regarding the type of research source, As for the type of research source, it was worked with scientific articles published in national and international magazines. This type of production is commonly the most valued in all bibliographic production and is the easiest to access. Access to articles was through virtual libraries such as SciELO, the University of São Paulo, Latin American Literature, and the University of Brasília. This library has a specific section for Hymenoptera, with journals and article texts available in full. Considering only this section constitutes a limitation of the study since articles belonging to journals that are part of other sections of the electronic library could also contribute to the discussion of the production of knowledge. However, in principle, within these articles, there could not necessarily be a discussion focused on biology, ecology, and taxonomy.

Acesso à saúde por mulheres migrantes internacionais e refugiadas no município de São Paulo no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19

The present study is a narrative literature review aimed at understanding the specificities of access to healthcare for international migrants and refugees, with a focus on migrant women, and reflecting on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on this population. Articles were searched in databases in the Virtual Health Library, refining by sources from the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), MEDLINE, PubMed Central (PMC), and the Scientific Electronic Library (Scielo). From the articles found, after reading the abstracts, 35 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed according to the principles of thematic analysis. The literature shows that access to healthcare for international migrants and refugees has specificities that can contribute to a situation of health vulnerability, potentially exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic. Due to social inequalities, sociocultural differences, the burden of domestic work, and different forms of violence accentuated during the pandemic, migrant women constitute a severely affected group by the setbacks of the socio-sanitary crisis caused by Covid-19. The scarcity of focused public policies makes it difficult to confront this challenge, which, to be solved, must take into account the socio-economic, cultural, symbolic, and linguistic barriers existing between them and the service, as well as the central role they play in family care, acting as a bridge between the migrant community and the healthcare system

Transfusion reaction - Signs and symptoms and hemovigilance interventions

The aim of this study was to review the literature on transfusion reactions - signs and symptoms and hemovigilance interventions. This is a bibliographical review of the literature. Scientific materials were used from the databases - Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences - Lilacs, and Scientific Electronic Library Online - Scielo, and articles related to "Blood component transfusion" were selected. Despite the regulations and the efforts of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), together with the sentinel networks, there is still under-reporting of transfusion reactions in Brazil. This makes it more difficult to control and recognize occurrences. Transfusion reactions cause varying degrees of damage to the patient and can be immediate: when signs and symptoms appear during the blood transfusion or up to 24 hours after the start of infusion therapy. As an integral part of the health system, all health professionals must achieve an optimum standard of patient care, prioritizing quality care and good practices in the management of patients who need to be transfused.

NURSING CARE FOR PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEART SURGERY

INTRODUCTION: Nursing care for patients undergoing heart surgery is extremely important, as it is possible to avoid risks, as well as the manifestation of various complications. With regard to cardiac surgeries, surgical interventions have the possibility of reducing mortality and thus improving the quality of life of patients, as it favors the development and improvement of assistance itself. OBJECTIVE: To identify nursing care for patients undergoing cardiac surgery in the literature. METHODOLOGY: this study is an integrative review of the literature, based on the following guiding question: what is the nursing care provided to patients undergoing cardiac surgery? Data collection took place between the months of January and February 2024 through the databases Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Databases (BDENF), making use of the descriptors in health sciences (DeCS): nursing, cardiac surgery and patient. For the inclusion criteria, the following were adopted: articles published between the years 2019 and 2023, articles available in Portuguese for free, which addressed the topic and which were available in full, duplicate articles were excluded, that is, those present in more of a database, incomplete articles, and those that deviated from the study proposal. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: It is worth noting that the postoperative period of cardiac surgeries, a period during which the patient recovers from post-anesthetic and post-surgical stress, is marked by the destabilization of the patient’s clinical condition, and is therefore , full of specificities, and critical care. Therefore, the postoperative period of cardiac surgery requires continued attention, resoluteness, and highly complex care from the nursing team. Therefore, it is possible to minimize various complications, such as changes in blood pressure levels, as well as compensation of organic systems. CONCLUSION: It is concluded, therefore, that the assistance of the nursing team to patients undergoing cardiac surgery is essential, as it makes it possible to carry out a continuous investigation, as well as to determine human responses, as well as to elaborate possible nursing diagnoses.

Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on Janus kinase inhibitors in the management of vitiligo

BackgroundVitiligo is a disease that affects people of all skin shades and can impact their quality of life. Reliable evidence on the effectiveness and adverse events associated with the recent use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors to treat vitiligo is needed. This protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to collect evidence from both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies to determine the effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes concerning treatment with JAK inhibitors.MethodsWe will conduct a systematic review of the literature for RCTs and observational studies that used upadacitinib, ritlecitinib, brepocitinib, ifidancitinib, cerdulatinib, deglocitinib, baricitinib, tofacitinib, and ruxolitinib JAK inhibitors as treatments for vitiligo compared to placebo, no treatment, or combination therapies. We will systematically search from inception in Epistemonikos, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials.gov, PsycINFO, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science Core Collection, relevant preprint servers, and the gray literature. Ethics approval was not sought as the protocol and systematic review will not involve human participants, but rather summarized and anonymous data from studies. Primary outcomes include quality of life, percentage repigmentation, decreased vitiligo within 1 year or more, lasting repigmentation after a 2-year follow-up, cosmetic acceptability of repigmentation and tolerability or burden of treatment, and adverse events. Secondary outcomes are patient and study characteristics. We will include full-text articles, preprints, and clinical trial data in any language and all geographic regions. For data sources unavailable in English, we will obtain translations from global collaborators via the Cochrane Engage network. We will exclude articles for which sufficient information cannot be obtained from the authors of articles and systematic reviews. At least two investigators will independently assess articles for inclusion and extract data; reliability will be assessed before subsequent selection and data extraction of remaining studies. The risk of bias and certainty of evidence with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidelines will be assessed independently by at least two investigators. We will estimate treatment effects by random-effects meta-analyses and assess heterogeneity using I2. Data that cannot be included in the meta-analysis will be reported narratively using themes.DiscussionThe proposed systematic review and meta-analysis describe the methods for summarizing and synthesizing the evidence on the effectiveness and patient-centered outcomes concerning the treatment of vitiligo with JAK inhibitors that were recently approved for this indication. To disseminate further the results of our systematic review, we plan to present them at international conferences and meetings. Our findings will provide robust evidence to facilitate decision-making at the policy or practitioner level.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42023383920.

Mortality Due to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Latin America.

Mortality due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major global health problem. Knowledge of epidemiological data on ARDS is crucial to design management, treatment strategies, and optimize resources. There is ample data regarding mortality of ARDS from high-income countries; in this review, we evaluated mortality due to ARDS in Latin America. We searched in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature databases from 1967 to March 2023. We searched prospective or retrospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials conducted in Latin American countries reporting ARDS mortality. Three pairs of independent reviewers checked all studies for eligibility based on their titles and abstracts. We performed meta-analysis of proportions using a random-effects model. We performed sensitivity analyses including studies with low risk of bias and with diagnosis using the Berlin definition. Subgroup analysis comparing different study designs, time of publication (up to 2000 and from 2001 to present), and studies in which the diagnosis of ARDS was made using Pa o2 /F io2 less than or equal to 200 and regional variations. Subsequently, we performed meta-regression analyses. Finally, we graded the certainty of the evidence (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation). Of 3315 articles identified, 32 were included (3627 patients). Mortality was 52% in the pooled group (low certainty of evidence). In the sensitivity analysis (according to the Berlin definition), mortality was 46% (moderate certainty of evidence). In the subgroup analysis mortality was 53% (randomized controlled trials), 51% (observational studies), 66% (studies published up to 2000), 50% (studies after 2000), 44% (studies with Pa o2 /F io2 ≤ 200), 56% (studies from Argentina/Brazil), and 40% (others countries). No variables were associated with mortality in the meta-regression. ARDS mortality in Latin America remains high, as in other regions. These results should constitute the basis for action planning to improve the prognosis of patients with ARDS (PROSPERO [CRD42022354035]).

Is Incentive Spirometry Superior to Standard Care in Postoperative Cardiac Surgery on Clinical Outcomes and Length of Hospital and Intensive Care Unit Stay? A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Cardiac surgery is a frequent surgical procedure and may present a high risk of complications. Among the prophylactic strategies studied to decrease the rates of negative outcomes, respiratory care seems to reduce pulmonary complications. Incentive spirometry (IS) is a low-cost, respiratory exercise technique, used for the prevention and treatment of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC). The aim of this review was to evaluate whether IS is superior to respiratory care, mobilization exercises, and noninvasive ventilation on PPC, and clinical outcomes. Systematic review. Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (or MEDLINE®), Embase®, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (or CENTRAL), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (or PEDro), Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (or CINAHL®), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (or LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (or SciELO), Allied, Scopus®, and OpenGrey databases, clinical trial registration sites, conferences, congresses, and symposiums were searched. Twenty-one randomized trials and one quasi-randomized trial (1,677 participants) were included. For partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), IS was inferior to respiratory care (mean difference [MD] -4.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] -8.32 to -0.63). Flow-oriented IS was inferior to respiratory care on PaO2 (MD -4.53; 95% CI -8.88 to -0.18). However, compared to respiratory care, flow-oriented IS was superior on recovery vital capacity. This meta-analysis revealed that IS was not superior to standard respiratory care for PPCs and clinical outcomes, therefore its use should not be widely recommended until further studies with high quality be performed to ensure this clinical guidance.

The “Primitive” <em>Cecilia Valdés</em>. A short story by  Cirilio Villaverde. A translation and introduction by Thomas Genova

ABSTRACT: The text is the first English translation of Cirilo Villaverde’s 1839 “primitive” Cecilia Valdés, a short story that the author penned decades before publishing his canonical novel by the same name. The 1882 novel narrates the unwittingly incestuous relationship between the novel’s eponymous mulata heroine and her creole half-brother Leonardo Gamboa. Though the work enjoys high-canonical status, its textual history, tightly entangled with nineteenth-century Cuba’s racially fraught struggle for independence, is largely unknown to non-specialists. The translation is preceded by an introduction that discusses the short story’s relationship to the novel and the racial and political ideas present in the earlier text, as well as the translator’s efforts to render these paradigms legible to an English-language readership. keywords: Cirilio Villaverde, Cecilia Valdés, Cuba 19th century, Afrolatinidades, Latin American literature in translation, literary translation

LA IMPORTANCIA DE LOS MACROHONGOS PARA EL MEDIO AMBIENTE

Ethnomicology was defined as the branch of Ethnobotany that is dedicated to the study of the role of mushrooms. In view of the above and the fragmented knowledge about fungi in the Amazon region, this work aims to analyze the scientific knowledge produced on the importance of macrofungi to the environment, using consultation in electronic platforms. Thus, the bibliographic survey to obtain scientific articles and review was carried out in the electronic platforms Google academic, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and MEDLINE (International Literature in Health Sciences). To do so, using a descriptive and exploratory approach, including the inclusion period 2012-2018. The is from macrofungoes play an important role in ecological balance, as decomposers of organic matter, besides being useful for nature, is also used by man for the use of drugs, medicinal, food and industrial.

Combination of diuretics for acute heart failure: a protocol for a systematic review of randomised clinical trials with network meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

IntroductionAcute heart failure (AHF) is a critical, costly condition with high mortality rates, affecting millions annually. Despite advances in cardiovascular care, AHF treatment lacks robust evidence. AHF commonly manifests with...

Assessment of head trauma in children: Current guidelines and challenges

The objective of this research is to analyze and synthesize current guidelines for the assessment of head trauma in children, identifying challenges faced in implementing these guidelines in clinical practice. To search for eligible responses, a systematic literature review was carried out, the aim of which was to gather, analyze and synthesize all available evidence on the research topic. Searches in scientific literature were carried out in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences - LILACS and National Library of Medicine - PUBMED. Analysis and synthesis of current guidelines for the evaluation of head trauma in children reveal a series of fundamental recommendations to ensure an effective and safe approach to the management of these complex cases. However, its implementation in clinical practice faces significant challenges that can impact the quality of care offered to children suffering from head trauma. One of the main challenges is the variability in interpretation and application of guidelines by healthcare professionals, due to the complexity and multifaceted nature of pediatric head trauma. Additionally, a lack of adequate resources, such as neuroimaging equipment and trained personnel, may limit the ability of healthcare facilities to follow all guideline recommendations.

Gender-affirming surgical procedures and their psychosocial impacts: an integrative review

Objective: Identify the main gender affirmation surgery techniques related to the construction of a neovagina and a neopenis and the consequent impact of these procedures on the mental issues of transgender people. Methods: This is an integrative literature review with an electronic survey of articles selected between August and September 2023, using MEDLINE (International Literature in Health Sciences) and LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences) via the Virtual Health Library (VHL) portal and PubMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine), portraying the main surgical procedures for gender reassignment and their psychosocial impacts on the transsexual community. Results: 21 articles were obtained that made up the final sample of the present study. Final considerations: Studies point to the satisfaction of transgender individuals after gender affirmation surgeries and consequent improvement in the mental health of this community despite the lack of standardization in measurement methods related to quality of life aspects, which impacts and limits the comparison between Works.

Digital resources in the monitoring of patients with cleft lip and palate: protocol for a scoping review

IntroductionCleft lip and/or palate (CL+/-P) is a congenital malformation affecting the lip and palate, requiring long-term treatment due to potential associated complications. For this reason, it is important for the...

Side effects of COVID-19 vaccines in paediatric patients: a review systematic and meta-analysis protocol

IntroductionThe paediatric population represents a quarter of the world’s population, and like adult patients, they have also suffered immeasurably from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Immunisation is an effective strategy for reducing...

The functional viability in the use of herbal medicine as an alternative to the pharmacological treatment of dyslipidemia: Asystematic review

Background: Dyslipidemia is caused by an increase in plasma lipoprotein levels and predisposes to the risk of thrombotic events, which highlights the need for early treatment. Traditional therapies have limitations due to the lack of adequate responses and abandonment of treatment due to its adverse effects. Aim: This study sought to identify alternative treatments for dyslipidemia using herbal medicines, which could help traditional methods or replace them. Methods: A systematic review was carried out by searching the Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs), PubMed and ScienceDirect databases using the descriptors "phytotherapy" OR "phytotherapeutic drugs" AND "dyslipidemias" OR "cholesterol" OR "atherosclerosis". Results: The databases returned 80 articles, 9 were excluded for being duplicates and after applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria resulted in a sample of 13 articles. Studies with herbal medicines such as Red Grape Seed Extract (RGSE), Sacha Inchi Oil, Green Tea, Eggplant Juice, Agrimonia eupatoria, Artichoke and Garlic, which showed different effects on lipid profiles, were evaluated. Conclusion: The use of herbal medicines in the treatment of dyslipidemia may be a viable alternative, but further studies are needed on this subject.

CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME AND EQUINEASSISTED THERAPY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Equine Assisted Therapy (EAT) is a therapeutic and educational method that uses the horse within an interdisciplinary approach. The objective of this study was to analyze the publications on Equine Assisted Therapy (EAT) as a tool in the global development of children with Down Syndrome (DS). Methods: The criteria were: randomized clinical trials; population diagnosed with DS and age ≥13 years old; published from 2015 to 2021; indexed by Qualis between A1 and B3, in the following electronic databases: National Library of Medicine (PUBMED), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElO) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS).Results: 18 articles were found, of which 8 met the objective and criteria proposed in the study. Conclusion: It can be seen that EAT proves tobe an effective and important tool; therefore, it contributes to the progress in the global development and improvement of the motor functions of children with DS.

The Use of Rhinomanometry in Mouth Breathing: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Introduction Mouth breathing generates imbalances in the musculature, in craniofacial morphofunctionality, and in the stomatognathic system. Therefore, it is essential to make a diagnosis of mouth breathing through the quantitative assessment of nasal permeability, which can be performed through rhinomanometry. Objective To investigate the effectiveness of rhinomanometry in the diagnosis of mouth breathing in pediatric patients through a systematic review of the literature. Data synthesis The guiding question was: "Is the use of rhinomanometry as an assessment tool effective in the diagnosis of mouth breathing in pediatric patients?". We conducted a search on the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (BIREME), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), PubMed/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Web of Science, and Science Direct. The Health Sciences Descriptors (Descritores em Ciências da Saúde, DECS, in Portuguese) and Medical Subjects Headings (MESH) were combined with the Boolean operator AND in the search strategy: rhinomanometry AND mouth breathing AND diagnosis AND nasal pressure AND nasal airflow AND nasal resistance . Observational cohort and cross-sectional studies that addressed the effectiveness of rhinomanometry in the diagnosis of mouth breathing were included. The reviewers independently extracted the information and scored the review quality based on the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale and the grading of evidence levels according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Of the 1,536 articles identified, only 3 were selected for the present review after the application of the eligibility criteria. Conclusion There is great concern regarding the assessment of nasal function. There was a lack of standardization of rhinomanometry to test the effectiveness of nasal resistance as an aid in the diagnosis of breathing mode.

Digital tools for preventing care-related infections in intensive care units: Integrative review

The study aimed to map digital tools with collective interventions and potential guidelines and limitations in preventing infections related to care in intensive care units. This is an integrative review of the literature, to survey the articles in the literature, a search was carried out in the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health and Nursing Database in the period from April to May 2022. Inclusion criteria: articles published in Portuguese and English, in the years 2011 to 2021, available free of charge and in full. Articles that did not have a well-defined research design were excluded. 1,666 articles were found, after defining the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 305 articles remained, of which ten articles were included in the search. The use of applications is very common among health services and helps organize data, enabling access to information in real time and/or remotely. It is worth mentioning that the development methods of these technologies are complex, involving a mix of instructional, systematized, contextualized and user-centered design. The present study, given the literature found and the evidence presented, shows the importance of technologies in the critical environment in terms of preventing infections, as well as the relevance of constantly updating and building technologies that promote the prevention and optimization of diseases in the process of work.

Six Poems by Óscar Hahn

Óscar Hahn (b. 1938) was a member of the International Writing Program at the University of Iowa in 1971. He went into exile from his native Chile in 1974 after having been held in the Arica Prison following Pinochet’s military coup the previous year. Hahn earned a doctorate from the University of Maryland in 1977. His book of poems, Mal de amor (tr. Love Breaks), was banned by Chile’s junta in 1981. For some thirty years he was a professor of Latin American literature at the University of Iowa, where he now holds emeritus status. Hahn currently resides in Ohio.