Land Use In Ukraine Research Articles

SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL LAND USE IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

The issue of ensuring the sustainable development of mankind today is recognized as one of the most pressing issues facing society. The purpose of the study is to generalize the features of sustainable land using, identify the main problems of sustainable use of agricultural land in Ukraine and the key ways to solve them. The paper summarizes the key stages of the formation of prerequisites for sustainable land using, systematizes documents and events to create a model of sustainable development, highlights the basic principles and goals of sustainable agricultural land use, in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. The authors emphasize that the practical implementation of the concept of sustainable agricultural land use requires prioritization of agricultural land, especially environmental, as well as increasing the responsibility of agricultural businesses for disturbing the ecological balance and excessive anthropogenic pressure on land resources. It is noted that in Ukraine there is an irrational structure of land use, which is environmentally dangerous. The main problems of sustainable agricultural land use development are highlighted. The authors note that in recent years in Ukraine there have been negative trends in the development of processes that significantly affect agricultural land use. The most acute environmental problems are the development of degradation processes in the arable lands of Ukraine, which are continuous, regional or local in nature. The authors argue that the decline in the natural potential of agricultural land in Ukraine is becoming an even more serious threat to the sustainable development of land use than environmental problems. The priority directions of development of sustainable land use in Ukraine are offered, which will allow passing to the model of sustainable agricultural land use.

ПРОБЛЕМИ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ І НАПРЯМИ РОЗВИТКУ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО РИНКУ ЗЕМЛІ В УКРАЇНІ

The processes that occur in various areas of the land market affect the quality of development of the national economic system. Issues of volume and conditions of purchase and sale of agricultural land, pricing and rent formation for industrial land use, environmental aspects of land use are extremely important given the feasibility and timeliness of land reform, which highlights the need for clear identification of existing problems and outline possible directions for development, land relations. The article analyzes the state of land use in Ukraine, profitability and profitability of agriculture. Instability, low investment attractiveness of the market, non-compliance with the norms of rational land use, land parceling, non-compliance with the criteria of environmental friendliness were noted. The negative consequences of the moratorium on land sales are the shadow use of land, a significant number of corruption schemes, land lordization, crop rotation violations. It was found that agricultural holdings, as beneficiaries of the current market model, use land quite efficiently, but the state remained excluded from the market. Lack of full circulation of land makes market pricing impossible, local monopolies appear on the rental market. The issue of creating a mortgage land bank for long-term lending secured by land remains unresolved. Among the problem areas are the improper functioning of the state land cadaster, gaps in land inventory and identification of market objects. Institutional regulation requires the determination of the boundaries of settlements, reserve lands and land massifs in the area, the definition of landowners and land users of land plots and their founders. The need for liberalization of market circulation is identified and its possible positive socio-economic consequences are outlined. Further scientific research is proposed to be aimed at solving the problem of developing a regulatory framework for the functioning of the internal land market, capable of providing equal rights and opportunities for all its participants.

Economic mechanism of land use in European countries in conditions of sustainable development

The article examines the economic mechanism of land use development in European countries, which is an important and integral component of agricultural development. A review of domestic and foreign literary sources shows that scientists have developed innovative approaches to complying with environmental standards and developing a sustainable development strategy for rural areas to ensure rational land use. A comparative characteristic of land use in Ukraine and European countries is given, in particular by comparing the indicators of the total area of all land, agricultural land and arable land, the share of land per person. The author grouped European countries according to the share of land that is in private ownership. Grouping of European countries by the level of the minimum, average and maximum price per hectare of land was carried out. It is summarized that in connection with the opening of the land market in Ukraine, the level of prices for the purchase of agricultural land will tend to increase, which will contribute to the formation of a civilized and transparent land market.

Organizational and economic levers to ensure an acceptable level of agro-ecological safety in the context of leadership

It is proved on the basis of the analysis of statistical reports that the current state of agricultural land use in Ukraine in the production commercial products crop production is not balanced. It was shown that the increase in agricultural production profits is due to the depletion of agro-resource potential without proper implementation of land-based activities. The result of this method of agricultural production on the basis of agricultural land use is high indicators of losses as land resources (the area of degraded soils grows annually by 90 thousand hectares (NATIONAL Report, 2014), more than 30,7% of lands are eroded), and financial losses (the loss of crop in the medium-earth soils is 40%, and strongly-swollen - 60%), the consequences of which will be even more disappointing for the following periods. In the process of execution objective of this work from the analysis of the reasons for the formation of increased levels of anthropogenic loading on agroecosystem in Ukraine the systematization of the types of it’s impacts has been organized in groups, the key role of agroholdings in this aspect has been determined as the most significant organizational and economic form of implementation of agro-industrial activities. At the same time land use is going based involvement on instruments of lease of agricultural land, due to which the owner of the land plot moving away from the process of land use and minimizing the interest of land users in maintaining an acceptable level of agro-ecological safety, and preferences are given to economic priorities. The correction of the situation is proposed through the strengthening of the use of the potential of organizational and economic instruments and instruments designed to create new economic conditions, which ensures the introduction of a system of scientifically grounded land-use measures, both at the regional level and at a state-level high-value scale. The necessity of introducing an economic turnaround of agricultural land plots with the simultaneous strengthening of the legislative and regulatory framework for the functioning of these processes, the development of the institutional environment and information infrastructure to ensure transparency and public access to information on the state of agroecological safety and qualitative characteristics of soils is substantiated.

Advantages and risks of opening the land market in Ukraine

The relevance of the study is due to the abolishment of the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land and the risks arising from the land market opening in Ukraine. The paper aims to identify the effectiveness of land mortgages for the agricultural sector of the economy and determine the mechanisms of state policy aimed at legal groundwork to guarantee rights of landowners. The comparative analysis of the land market development in the Central European states contributed to identifying system-based state management of land market formation processes, which had a positive effect on the land reform outcomes in these states. The analysis results confirmed the timeliness of the land market opening in Ukraine, which is related to the chosen economic and political course. The investment attractiveness of the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex is due to high productivity of lands and is supported with the possibility of mortgaging agricultural land. Neutralization of factors hindering the foreign investment attracted to agricultural business will contribute to the attraction of efficient technologies and highly productive use of the agricultural land in Ukraine. Some measures aimed at the land relations transformation in Central Europe do not consider the peculiarities of the Ukrainian agricultural sector. In particular, it is not reasonable to sell agricultural land to foreigners. Assessment of certain provisions of the Law of Ukraine ‘On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine on the Conditions of Agricultural Land Transactions’ No. 552-IX shows the inevitability of abuse by foreign-owned banking institutions of the possibility to alienate the lands pledged under any loan agreements. Criminalization of evasion from the alienation of agricultural land as collateral will prevent the risks of acquiring Ukrainian agricultural lands by foreign-owned banking institutions. It is concluded that the banking system will only perform the functions of an investor in the agricultural sector of the economy, so there is a need to strengthen the state regulation of the land market in Ukraine.

Economic analysis for urbanization impact on food and processing companies use case of Ukraine

The paper is devoted to studying the economic and social connections between the urbanization process and agricultural land use in Ukraine. It is worth noting that both urbanization and agriculture require new lands for their future development. The important part of this connection is ecology and effective use of the available resources, as well as land use in the context of urbanization. After all, the process of urbanization can have a significant negative impact on the state of land resources. The research work determines which economic factors of urbanization are the most relevant to the land use in city suburbs and agricultural regions. The article introduces the notion of economic feasibility of land use by purpose and studies cases of food and processing companies. Food and processing industries were chosen as the main research subjects since they are the most promising fields for the future economic development of each individual region and country as a whole. These industries are centered around both import and export, besides producing added value products. Cities without a doubt are the main consumers of food products and at the same time, they drain labor resources from the countryside. In this research work, we studied the global situation in Ukraine, how 21-century urbanization has affected the agricultural sector in the country. This sector has experienced rapid growth in past decades, as opposed to industrial and manufacturing sectors, and increased the national wide level of land use. While the national wide level of urbanization might not be the highest in modern history (20th to 21st century), it continues to have a wide impact on the national economy. The scope of this impact falls outside of this research work as it consists of multidimensional data and a wide range of interdependencies, including policies and regulations. Research models require a large amount of data and cases, that’s why we focused on the food and processing sector in this paper. They proved to be a good test ground to study the urbanization impact patterns as well as make economical modeling more convenient. In this context, the peculiarities of land use models were studied, as food and processing industries use land resources, can be located both inside the city, suburban area, or in remote farmland region. It is evident that cities and businesses form large supply and demand of natural resources, labor, and financial investments.

МЕХАНІЗМИ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИМИ ВІДНОСИНАМИ В УКРАЇНІ

The article defines the essence and structure of mechanisms of state management of land relations, sets priority areas for the development of land relations based on the study of theoretical and practical aspects of land use in Ukraine; Incentives for balanced land use and protection in Ukraine are proposed.

Agricultural Land Use of Ukraine: State and Directions of Modernization

The article examines the features of the current agricultural land use in Ukraine, highlights its problems, and identifies possible ways to solve them. The purpose of the study was to highlight the state of agricultural land use in Ukraine, identify existing problems, and justify the areas and measures for its improvement. The article used the methods of economic analysis, a statistical, comparative, and systematic approach, as well as the methods of grouping and graphical interpretation of the identified patterns. The structure of agricultural lands by types as of the beginning of 2020 is analyzed in terms of administrative regions and its features are determined; Ukraine’s place in the world exports of the most important types of plant products is highlighted. The actual value of the sown areas, gross harvests and yields of the major crops in the regions of Ukraine were studied, the regions were grouped according to these characteristics, and the existing level of yields of the studied crops in Ukraine was compared with the TOP-20 European countries. The groups of regions in which it is expedient to increase the production of wheat, sunflower, ray, corn for grain, and sugar beet are outlined. The main ecological problems are outlined, in particular that of the scale of erosion processes and losses of humus in the arable lands of Ukraine, and possible ways of their solution are offered. The level of normative-monetary assessment of agricultural lands by types is characterized in terms of regions, and the degree of lag of the value of arable lands of Ukraine in comparison with the states of Western Europe is shown. The expediency and measures due to which the value of lands may increase, in particular due to the acceleration of market factors and the modernization of the mechanism of state regulation at all stages of agricultural land reform, are justified. JEL classification: М645 Manuscript received 30.04.2020

The value added chain in the mechanism of public-private partnership for the development of the land use economy of rural territories

Purpose. The aims of this paper are (i) to explore public-private partnerships as a tool for economic development of rural economies in developing countries and countries with economies in transition in order to ensure sustainable use of nature and increase public welfare of rural communities through the added value chain; (ii) to develop proposals for the implementation of public-private partnerships on land management and land use in Ukraine. Methodology / approach. The methodological approach involves study of the world’s PPP practice in land management and land use (including the use of land in forestry), study of the connections between PPP projects and scientific approaches to the concept of sustainable development and the added value chain, as well as analysis of domestic scientific bibliography, which relate to the subject of this study. Results. The authors found that the declared priorities of the Agenda for Sustainable Development until 2030 require the application of integrated approaches. In particular, the programme in the mechanism of sustainable development management in the form of PPP to ensure sustainable use of nature and increase the social welfare of rural communities. Because the programme approach here involves investing in natural resources and environmental protection and should cover the entire value chain, which directly or indirectly affects the efficiency of natural rural assets, as well as the use and application of innovative technologies. Originality / scientific novelty. It is substantiated that progress in achieving the declared priorities, in particular in the field of environmental protection, growth of public rural welfare, etc. is possible only in a combination of strengths of all PPP partners, which will eliminate the shortcomings and weaknesses of rural communities. In contrast to existing approaches to the development of the land use economy of rural territories, the basis of the synergy of the parties to PPP is a special natural resource – land, which performs environmental, economic, legal and socio-cultural functions, and determines the form and content, which actually builds sustainable development, including rural. A wide range of PPP forms has been further developed, varying in the degree of involvement and risk taken by the private party in relation to the development of the land use economy of rural territories. The approach to the value chains organization in the development of PPP projects on land management and land use and providing security of land use in terms of taking into account the land use of farmers, formed on different rights, has been improved. The author’s project PPP in the production of pellets a private investor in lumber logging waste provided by some state-owned enterprise both subject to the extension of the moratorium and without its effect is developed. Practical value / implications. The authors’ research shows that the introduction of the value chain in the mechanism of public-private partnership will lead to significant effective changes in the development of the land use economy, in particular of rural territories. Namely, with the use of appropriate policies it will ensure the provision of sustainable use of natural resources and growth of public welfare, in particular rural communities. This approach allows to involve all stakeholders (government, community, business) for effective management of natural assets in general and agriculture in particular and will increase their level of capitalization and investment attractiveness.

Моніторинг ґрунтів України — проблеми землевпорядного, ґрунтознавчого та наукового забезпечення

Goal. Analysis of the current state of soil monitoring in Ukraine, justification of the ways of land use, soil science, their scientific and organizational support with determination of areas for further development. Methods. Dialectical method of cognition — for the study of the status and development of soil monitoring and modern system of information support of land management; monographic — for the purpose of study of scientific works and scientific and technical publications, legislative basis, and statistical information; abstract-logical — for theoretical generalization and formation of conclusions. Results. Ways are submitted for consideration improving the efficiency of soil management and the implementation of the tasks of soil monitoring. The main sources of information on the respective monitoring tasks are planning and cartographic materials, including orthophoto plans; data of state and departmental cadastres (registers); soil and agrochemical surveys, agrochemical certification; ecological-reclamation surveys of soils on irrigated and drained lands; researches in the status of lands in the territories contaminated after the Chernobyl disaster, and in the zones of influence of the existing nuclear power stations. As economic stimulation as an effective method of soil preservation in Ukraine is not applied, the introduction of fee for violation of regulations, rules, and standards for the protection of land is the only statutory law. Conclusions. Rational agricultural land use in Ukraine requires an urgent solution to the problem of creation of the system of continuous land monitoring using remote sensing data of the Earth, as well as large scale study of the soil cover, introduction of national geospatial data infrastructure. In order to ensure high-quality soil monitoring in Ukraine, to conduct relevant research, and to introduce economic levers for soil fertility protection, the Institute of Soil Monitoring should be established within the NAAS.

Глобалізаційна трансформація землекористування: наслідки та способи їх запобігання

The purpose of the article – based on the systematization of proposals from various scientific sources and the results of our own field studies of processes that occur in the agricultural sector, substantiate the main components of the institutional and legal environment aimed at preventing globalization of land use in the domestic agricultural sector, taking into account the experience of countries that have managed to solve this problem. Research methods. In the research process, the following methods were used: monographic (analysis of the distribution of agricultural enterprises of various countries by the area of agricultural land) comparative analysis (features of globalization processes in land use in Ukraine, Latin America and Western European countries were determined); empirical (according to a comprehensive assessment of the social and environmental consequences of the concentration of large tracts of agricultural land in the hands of domestic and transcontinental industrial-trading companies) abstract-logical (generalization and formulation of the main conclusions and suggestions based on the study results). Research results. The retrospective and current state of global processes in land use in different countries are investigated. A comparative analysis of the grouping of business entities by the size of land in Western European countries and Ukraine is carried out. It is proved that the economic benefits of anthropogenic agricultural production based on the concentration of large tracts of agricultural land in the hands of individual companies do not overlap social and environmental losses. The methods of rational distribution of agricultural land and control over their effective use and the role of the state in these processes are considered. Scientific novelty. Based on the systematization of the economic, social and environmental consequences of the global transformation of land use in agriculture and expert assessment of the impact of regulatory land legislation on this process, it was substantiated basic directions for the formation of the domestic institutional and legal environment aimed at preventing the development of an oligarchic latifund land use system in Ukraine. Practical significance. The obtained main research results are applied. Implementation in the domestic institutional and legal field of the restrictions proposed in the article on land use, access to agricultural land and state support and benefits, on the ecologization of land use through the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On the Code of Sustainable Agriculture," and the introduction of strict control over compliance with established rules and regulations significantly they will reduce the "appetites" of existing agro-industrial-trade companies for expanding their land banks and limit their distribution in the agricultural sector of Ukraine, which will improve the conditions for the development of rural-self-sustaining enterprises and farms. Tabl.: 6. Refs.: 18.

Public Administration in the Field of Using and Protecting Land Resources: International Experience and Ukrainian Realities

The generalized experience of management in the field of using and protecting land resources in such countries as Denmark, Canada, Latvia, Germany, Poland, the USA, Switzerland, France and others, as well as features of management realization of this sphere in Ukraine have been considered.
 The purpose of the article is to determine the possibility and feasibility of introducing some elements of positive experience of management of developed countries into Ukraine in the field of use and protection of land resources.
 The methodological basis of the article is a set of general scientific and special research methods. In particular, the method of analysis allowed to study the features of the management of developed countries in the field of use and protection of land resources and to identify inconsistencies in the provisions of national legislation regulating land relations; The comparative legal method was used to compare foreign and Ukrainian experience of management in the field of use and protection of land resources, as well as the possibility of using certain measures aimed at the rational use of land in Ukraine.
 Two types of measures used in other countries to ensure the rational use and protection of land resources have been identified and considered: administrative (which are the form of implementation of state land policy and part of government activities) and economic (which are positive or negative incentives for land owners and users).
 The main problems that exist in the field of land management in Ukraine have been revealed. It has been emphasized that the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre performs at the same time diametrically opposed powers, which are conducive to corruption.
 It has been concluded that in order to ensure the rational use and protection of land resources, especially in the conditions of opening the land market in Ukraine, it is necessary to adopt the experience of more developed countries and make appropriate amendments to national legislation.

The World Experience in the Regulation of the Land Circulation

The article examines the state of the agricultural development in Ukraine in the context of the crop and livestock industries. The use of land resources by different owners and the structure of agricultural land were also analyzed. The problems of the development of the electronic cadastre of the land resources were identified. The proposals to use the world experience of agricultural land use in Ukraine were substantiated. The proposals for the improvement the legal framework in the field of the agricultural land circulation were elaborated. Keywords: land market, gross production, world experience, crop production, animal husbandry, land resources

CONCEPTUAL FUNDAMENTALS OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE FORMATION IN CONDITIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Introduction. Science and practice are faced with the need for a balanced revision of ideological, theoretical and methodological foundations of agricultural land use. The formation of a new philosophy and methodology of sustainable agricultural land use in Ukraine opens the possibility of applying its results not only for effective regulation of land relations, but also the organization of protection and rational use of land, definition and justification of economic and organizational measures to restore their productivity. Sustainable agricultural land use requires taking into account economic, environmental and social factors that significantly affect the condition of land, their productivity, and at the same time the efficiency of agricultural formations. The purpose of the article is to highlight the main aspects of sustainable development in the field of agriculture in the formation of sustainable land use, to clarify promising areas for economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainability. The article is devoted to the definition of the basic principles, system of indicators on which the conceptual bases of formation of agricultural land use through the prism of sustainable development are based. Problems and modern tendencies of development of agricultural land use in the conditions of land reform are revealed. The complexity and versatility of sustainable agricultural land use necessitates systemic and process-functional approaches to its formation. The basic scientific principles, concepts and the proposed system of indicators that reflect the functioning of land use - give a systematic idea of the formation of sustainable agricultural land use. The functioning of sustainable agricultural land use will not only increase soil fertility, rational land use and positive impact on the environment, but also allow to obtain environmentally friendly products, the need for which is due to negative socio-demographic processes. Key words: sustainable development, agricultural land use, aspects of sustainability, rational use.

Recreational land use: issues of development and assessment of potential

The article is researched and constructed on the basis of the use of general scientific and special methods of scientific cognition, which yielded valuable results. Key theoretical developments of the article are based on modern achievements, provisions and postulates of the environmental economics, applied research of the world and national level on the study of the recreational land use. T he research was carried out on the basis of statistical and analytical data of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Geocadastre of Ukraine, State Committee of Statistics of Ukraine, Ministry of Economy of Ukraine, materials of scientific-practical conferences, symposia, seminars, author's own calculations. The assessment of recreational land is central to the natural and recreational potential of the area under investigation. They cover primarily geological and geomorphological recreation resources, climatic conditions, vegetation, water and land recreation resources, recreational resources of wildlife, and resources of educational tourism. The functional model of the cadastral valuation of the value of potentially suitable lands for recreation is developed and the scheme of the methodological process of cadastral valuation of the recreational potential of land and other natural resources is substantiated. The most important problems of recreational land use in Ukraine are ensuring a high quality of recreation, expanding the possibilities to use recreational land and resources that are closely linked to it, meeting the needs of people for communion with wildlife and recovering public health. However, the radical transformation of landscapes and the large-scale urbanization have led to a decrease in the recreational value of landscapes and thus to the formation of recreational zones on land of little use for other economic purposes. All of this has a negative impact on the quality of recreation, the variety of recreational activities and the ability to stay in the recreational sphere of landscapes that meet the need of the population for rest. Key words . Recreational land use, natural resource potential, recreational potential, cadastral valuation, functional use of recreation land .

Супутниковий моніторинг посівів по Україні

Support of the economic growth of Ukrainian agriculture requires the development and effective use of innovative technologies. In particular, satellite analysis makes it possible to monitor the state of agricultural land by monitoring their qualitative and quantitative indicators of natural and climatic characteristics. Satellite monitoring of agricultural land use in Ukraine has been developed within the World Bank program “Supporting Transparent Land Governance in Ukraine” in collaboration with EOS Data Analytics and Space Research Institute National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and State Space Agency of Ukraine. Based on the developed technology, classification maps of the land cover were built based on three data sets: ground data along roads, farmers' data, and satellite data (time series of Sentinel-2 optical data and Sentinel-1 radar data). To create classification maps, the Random Forest algorithm was used, which is implemented on the Google Earth Engine cloud platform. An accuracy assessment was carried out, and crop compared areas throughout Ukraine were obtained. According to the results of the experiment, a comparison of the classification obtained from two separate training data sets (ground data collected along roads and data of farmers) is given. As a result, a validated crop map was obtained. The map is presented on the official web-portal of the State Geocadastre of Ukraine. The main results of the analysis of the agricultural lands of Ukraine, as well as, the results of comparisons with statistical data, are presented.

ОСНОВНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ ОЦІНКИ ЗЕМЛІ ЯК НЕВІД’ЄМНИЙ СКЛАДНИК ЗЕМЕЛЬНОЇ РЕФОРМИ В УКРАЇНІ

The article investigates the main environmental problems of land use, characterizes the current level of land use in Ukraine. The basic economic indicators characterizing the state of land use are analyzed. The article analyzes the approaches to assessing the effectiveness of management and utilization of land potential of the country. The problems that have arisen in the sphere of land resources management and land management have been investigated and have led to the present difficult state. The current state of land resources is analyzed. The dynamics of land fund change was investigated, land protection measures were evaluated. It is established that the economic assessment of land should be carried out according to the following characteristics: land productivity; land use efficiency; yield per unit area. It is investigated the factors affecting the price of land and found that the price of land is directly proportional to the value of land rent. Theoretical aspects of land rent are investigated. It is proved that in the conditions of further reform of economic relations it is advisable to improve the mechanism of land lease and private ownership. A number of measures have been proposed to increase the responsibility of land users for preserving soil fertility and their ecological status. In particular, the introduction of a land passport, the formation of a competitive environment, greening use of leased land and other. The necessity to improve existing methodological approaches to determining the normative monetary valuation of agricultural lands is substantiated. Find out that increasing the objectivity of land valuation should be the basis for shaping the land market in Ukraine. The main arguments «pros» and «cons» the lifting of the land moratorium was considered and analyzed. It was found out that the decision to open the land market in Ukraine should be balanced and based on taking into account the main economic indicators of determining its valuation both in our country and in comparison, with the developed countries of the world. It is was convinced that the opening of the land market in Ukraine should be preceded by well-grounded changes in the legislation, clear calculations, and mistakes made by other states.

Problems of rational use of agricultural lands in Ukraine

The article examines the problem of rational land use in Ukraine. It was established that, in comparison with European countries, the level of soil plowing in Ukraine is very high and does not meet the norms of rational land use. The author determined that the violation of scientifically based norms for the use of land resources leads to a significant decrease in soil fertility, as well as to significant destructive ecological consequences. It is characterized that the development of large agricultural holdings, which are focused on the cultivation of highly profitable agricultural crops, does not contribute to the development of competition in the agricultural sector, violates the norms of crop rotation in agriculture. The main tools that will contribute to the formation of optimal dimensions and the effective use of resource potential in the conditions of globalization have been determined, namely: the introduction of a system of planning and budgeting of production processes; alternation of cultures; the use of GPS-mapping of land with an indication of crop history, land quality and cultivation technology. The author proposed the main directions of rational use of land use, which are based on the development and implementation of national and regional programs for land protection and reproduction of soil fertility, the introduction of scientifically based crop rotations, and the formation and improvement of the regulatory and legal framework.

Інструменти фінансово-економічного механізму збалансованого використання земель лісогосподарського призначення України

This article presents the author's point of view for to improve of the tools of the financial and economic mechanism of balanced use of forestry land with a description of foreign experience and the definition of priorities for Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical and methodological justification of the characteristics and organizational and economic factors of improving the tools of financial and economic mechanism and their impact on ensuring balanced use of forestry land. Methods used: dialectical method of cognition – for the analysis of laws and regulations and scientific works of scientists on the issue of balanced use of forest land; analysis of the most pressing problems of functioning of economic and financial tools of the financial and economic mechanism of balanced forestry land use in comparison with the European experience; synthesis and logical generalization of conceptual bases of necessity and preconditions for improving tools; monographic – to identify factors for improving tools; graphical, correlation-regression analysis; abstract-logical theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions; method of analogies – the transfer of influences that have been found in other territories with similar objects and properties, to the territory under consideration. It was substantiated that adaptation of foreign experience, introduction of international standards to ensure balanced use of forestry land are impossible without the use of such scientifically grounded and environmentally balanced components of the financial and economic mechanism as environmental, economic, financial and organizational tools. Based on foreign experience, a basis has been prepared for improving the taxation of forestry land use in Ukraine. It was proposed to adopt foreign experience regarding the functioning of the economic and organizational instruments of the financial and economic mechanism for the balanced use of forest lands by creating and registering a commodity right to carbon in forests, trading it and monitoring it.

Indirect corporate agricultural land use in Ukraine: distribution, causes, consequences

Indirect corporate agricultural land use in Ukraine: distribution, causes, consequences