SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL LAND USE IN UKRAINE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT

The issue of ensuring the sustainable development of humanity is recognized as one of the most urgent problems facing society today. The article is devoted to the generalization of the features of the development of sustainable land use and the definition of the main problems of the sustainable use of agricultural land in Ukraine during the period of European integration, reforms of local self-government in the country, martial law and post-war recovery. The work highlights the main principles and goals of sustainable land use, in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. According to the authors, the practical implementation of the concept of sustainable land use requires determining the priorities of the use of agricultural land, and above all, ecological land. It was noted that the state of land resources in Ukraine was characterized as tense, due to the irrational use of the country's land resource potential, excessive plowing and land degradation. The authors note that organic agriculture has been developing in Ukraine in recent decades, but as a result of full-scale Russian aggression against Ukraine in 2022, the issue of organic production in Ukraine took a back seat. The most acute environmental problems are the development of degradation processes on the arable lands of Ukraine, which causes the mining of territories, the formation of craters from shelling, and landslides. Proposed priority areas of development of sustainable land use in Ukraine, which will allow transition to a model of sustainable development

Introduction. Science and practice are faced with the need for a balanced revision of ideological, theoretical and methodological foundations of agricultural land use. The formation of a new philosophy and methodology of sustainable agricultural land use in Ukraine opens the possibility of applying its results not only for effective regulation of land relations, but also the organization of protection and rational use of land, definition and justification of economic and organizational measures to restore their productivity. Sustainable agricultural land use requires taking into account economic, environmental and social factors that significantly affect the condition of land, their productivity, and at the same time the efficiency of agricultural formations. The purpose of the article is to highlight the main aspects of sustainable development in the field of agriculture in the formation of sustainable land use, to clarify promising areas for economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainability. The article is devoted to the definition of the basic principles, system of indicators on which the conceptual bases of formation of agricultural land use through the prism of sustainable development are based. Problems and modern tendencies of development of agricultural land use in the conditions of land reform are revealed. The complexity and versatility of sustainable agricultural land use necessitates systemic and process-functional approaches to its formation. The basic scientific principles, concepts and the proposed system of indicators that reflect the functioning of land use - give a systematic idea of the formation of sustainable agricultural land use. The functioning of sustainable agricultural land use will not only increase soil fertility, rational land use and positive impact on the environment, but also allow to obtain environmentally friendly products, the need for which is due to negative socio-demographic processes. Key words: sustainable development, agricultural land use, aspects of sustainability, rational use.

The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a challenge to food security globally and nationally. In the face of growing climate and environmental challenges, ensuring the sustainability of the food system, which is the basis of the European Green Deal, the European Union's sustainable and inclusive growth strategies, depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of the sustainable agricultural land use system. The aim of the study is to examine the European Union's experience in transforming the system of sustainable agricultural land use on an innovative basis to ensure its sustainability and security in the face of current challenges and threats (both faced and far-looking). The study uses a mixed approach, including factorial analysis and descriptive statistics, using a sample of 27 European Union’s economies and Ukraine’s economy. Ukraine's place on the European Union’s land map is determined, the dynamics of change in the structure of Ukraine's land area is analyzed, priority directions of innovative development of sustainable land use are determined, prospects of common agricultural policy and innovation policy to ensure the transition of the European Union and Ukraine to the sustainable, resilient and competitive economy are outlined. To ensure the sustainability and resilience of the agricultural land use and consequently the food system as a whole, the need to intensify research and introduce innovations has been identified. Innovations are to be aimed at the following goals: 1) protection and restoration of natural ecosystems; 2) preservation and improvement of natural capital and public health; 3) sustainable use of resources, including land, energy; 4) developing resilient food system; 5) accelerating the achievement of zero pollution, 6) development of sustainable and intelligent mobility. Building a system of sustainable agricultural land use requires, firstly, the formation of a new system of knowledge based on the latest research and development, the introduction of which will act in advance to overcome existing risks and threats in agriculture and sustainable rural development, and secondly, development of the system of its institutional support, which is revealed through the action of the consistent organizational and economic mechanism. Future studies are suggested to build an innovative model for the development of the national system of sustainable land use, taking into account the institutional potential of the land management system.

The activities of state regulation in the field of land use have formed a number of environmental, socio-economic problems based on individual, regional and national interests. This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of the impact on sustainable agricultural land use, taking into account the new legislative challenges in lifting the moratorium on the sale of agricultural land resources. This study focuses on the implementation of sustainable development goals, including goal 15 – conservation of terrestrial ecosystems and operational task 15.3 – restoration of degraded lands and soils using innovative technologies. Systematization of research in the field of sustainable land use has revealed the need for additional analysis and search for new ways to reform the land use sector, taking into account institutional and legislative changes, as well as the formation of carbon-neutral model of national economy. The purpose of the article is to identify prospects and possible threats to the development of sustainable agricultural land use in an open land market. To achieve this goal, the tools of comparative analysis were used in the work. The object of research is the land fund of Ukraine. The study period is from 2015 to 2020. The sources of statistical information were the statistical databases of the statistical organization of the European Commission (Eurostat), the World Bank and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The paper presents the mechanisms of influence on effective sustainable agricultural land use, taking into account the studied statistical information and today's realities. The conducted comparative analysis of the condition of agricultural lands and systematization of normative legal acts regulating the land use industry revealed a number of potentially possible problems. To prevent negative consequences in the field of land use, the authors propose a set of measures to stabilize the sustainable development of agricultural land use.

The purpose of this work is to analyze the problems and obstacles that stand in the way of the development of sustainable land use in the communities of Ukraine. Particular attention is paid to how the war in Ukraine affected land relations and environmental and socio-economic problems caused by the war. The work is aimed at identifying different approaches to solving these problems that can contribute to the improvement of environmental security and socio-economic development of communities, as well as the possibility of adapting sustainable land use practices to new realities. The research was carried out as follows: the analysis of scientific works with suitable topics, the analysis of statistical data and the collection of data for the research base, the collection of expert assessments and opinions. The analysis of literature and research was conducted on topics related to sustainable land use and the impact of crisis situations on land and land management processes. Statistical analysis was carried out on the destruction of agricultural infrastructure, loss of land due to pollution or mining. The basis was taken from such sources as the data of the State Service of Ukraine on geodesy, cartography and cadastre and information from public reports of the UN [1]. Expert opinions and opinions were also taken into account, especially from representatives of communities affected by military actions. This method makes it possible to determine priorities for the restoration of land resources. The methods used made it possible to create a complete and comprehensive picture of the problems and opportunities of sustainable land use in modern conditions, and taking into account the state of war. It consists in a comprehensive analysis of the problems and obstacles to the development of sustainable land use in the communities of Ukraine, in particular during the martial law, and their integration with the challenges of the present time, which appeared before Ukraine due to the martial law. Such studies were not sufficiently conducted. The work assessed the impact of military actions on the degradation of land resources, identified the main problems and obstacles to sustainable land use during the military conflict, and proposed measures for the adaptation of communities to support the sustainable development of land use under martial law. In particular, the influence of martial law on agriculture, population migration processes, soil degradation and resource depletion is taken into account. It consists in developed recommendations and directions for local self-government bodies and other authorities regarding the implementation of approaches and methods of land resource management, taking into account crisis conditions, martial law. This should contribute to increasing the efficiency of the use of land resources, ensuring environmental safety and improving the well-being of the population. Therefore, the results of this work can be used to develop land recovery strategies in the post-war period, to plan measures to protect land resources during martial law, and to support the communities of the country in matters of rational use of land resources. As a result of the work carried out, the following results can be summarized. The main problems and obstacles that prevent and restrain the development of sustainable land use in the communities of our country are the irrational use of land resources, soil erosion, environmental problems - environmental pollution, corruption factors and gaps in the legislative base. To all this was added a full-scale invasion, hostilities, a large population migration, changes in land legislation and a "starvation" of personnel. The conducted analysis of the real and current state of land resources on the territory of Ukraine shows major problems, such as the degradation of arable land and the urgent need to implement measures that would correct this and restore the land. The main directions regarding the processes of improvement of land resource management systems have been established, which include changes in legislation, ensuring transparency and efficiency of management, introduction of modern technologies and approaches to monitoring and control of the state of land resources. The need to create and develop various strategies for the restoration of land resources in the post-war period, where it is necessary to emphasize ecology, reducing pollution, and rebuilding infrastructure, has been established.

Background . Land use is essential in many environmental and socio-economic problems of society. The main form of land management is public management. Public management (or administration) in the field of rational management, use, and protection of land means that the state, in the person of its competent bodies, establishes certain rules and regulations regarding the organization of the use of all land resources of the country and its individual parts (categories of land, types of land use and etc.). Public administration lays the foundations of relations that should serve the protection, preservation, and careful use of land resources and be committed to the principle of sustainable development. The essence of the formation and development of sustainable land use is that all its subjects are included in this process. They must understand that it is necessary to abandon land redistribution if it is not necessary. Since the policy of sustainable land use is gaining more and more attention and importance both in the world and in Ukraine, the purpose of the article is to research and analyze the theoretical foundations of sustainable land use as an object of public management. The research object was sustainable land use. Methods . This publication is based on the use of general and special research methods. The analysis was used to clarify the condition of land management in Ukraine, and synthesis was used to summarize the obtained evidence in order to develop recommendations. The systematic approach was used to study the challenges in the field of modern land use. The normative-value method made it possible to consider the issue of restoring sustainable land use in the postwar period in a multi-level management system. Results . The analysis of sustainable land use made it possible to define the concept of sustainable land use, identify the factors affecting such land use, and consider the stages of the formation of sustainable land use in the multi-level management system. In particular, certain hierarchies of levels of sustainable land use administration were established, namely conceptual, ideological, political, and economic. Each level determines the conceptual mechanisms of actions in relation to land resources. Among the factors of influence on sustainable land use, those due to economic, natural, ecological, legal, technological, and social nature were distinguished. However, urbanization and cultural worldviews have also influenced the sustainable use and management of land resources. At the same time, understanding the jurisdiction of public managers, setting clear goals, developing initiatives for these goals, monitoring and evaluating progress, reporting, and cooperating and partnering were determined as the relevant stages of forming sustainable land use in a multi-level management system. Сonclusions . Thus, sustainable land use requires the involvement of all parties interested in land use, taking into account their needs and supporting the broader cultural, economic, environmental, legal, political, technological, and social frameworks. In addition, the state needs to increase the category of nature conservation lands by creating parks, nature reserves, etc. At the legislative level, it is necessary to establish the principle of land use for the purpose of carrying out economic activities only on developed lands where there is a housing stock and developed infrastructure.

This paper deals with world experience of Land Management achieving sustainable use of agricultural land. The study of foreign models on functioning of Land Management mechanism of sustainable use of agricultural land have shown that in most developed countries, rural areas are separate facilities of management. The author has discovered main positive ways of implementing international experience in the process of environmental and economic security of Land Management mechanism of sustainable use of agricultural land in Ukraine.

Currently, land administration concepts focused on sustainable land use are being developed at all administrative-territorial levels and the factors of agricultural land use are very relevant. The study focuses on economic factors in land administration and formation of market relations in sustainable agricultural land use. The author establishes the connections between the level of market relations development and the productive forces of the agro-industrial complex.

Reforming land relations in agricultural production is recognized as a key task of agrarian reform. In this regard, the transformation of land relations is one of the most important directions of the implementation of the state agrarian policy. This concerns the improvement of legislation that regulates the issue of sustainable use of agricultural land. The article provides proposals, the implementation of which will contribute to the improvement of the legal regulation of the sustainable use of agricultural land in Ukraine. Keywords national economy, agro-industrial complex, land reforms, land relations, agricultural land, sustainable use, legal regulation, regulatory and legal support, legal regime, sustainable development.

The article is devoted to the substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles of land management provision of sustainable use of agricultural lands. The role of land management and land management in solving the problems of organizational and territorial bases of effective agrarian production and ensuring the sustainability of agricultural land use is substantiated. The theoretical provisions of land management provision for the sustainable use of agricultural lands have been improved on the basis of interpretation of economic, ecological and social priorities of the agrarian sector development of the economy, taking into account the postulates of the theory of sustainable development. The substantive and substantive basis of land management provision of sustainable use of agricultural land as a system of elements of the land management process for agricultural land management, implemented in the form of socio-economic and environmental tools and technologies of influence on the conditions of rational organization of the territory and regulation of land relations in agriculture, has been improved. Ensure the formation of sustainable land use in order to optimize environmental parameters and socio-economic functions of rural areas. Taking into account the characteristics and features of land management ensuring sustainable use of agricultural lands, its main tasks, principles and measures as components of the land management system are specified. The theoretical and methodological bases of land-use provision of sustainable use of agricultural lands based on the methodology of system and process-functional approaches, as well as on the use of a set of methods that determine the specific purpose of concrete application problems, are substantiated.

Currently, the problems of sustainable and rational land use are becoming relevant in most countries of the world. Ukraine is no exception. And these issues have become extremely urgent as a result of russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In view of this, the purpose of the article is to study and summarize the international experience in the development of the system of sustainable and rational land use; identification of modern problems of land use in the conditions of the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine and ways to solve them. To achieve this purpose, the following general scientific methods were used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, component analysis, comparison, analogy, classification, statistical analysis, expert survey, bibliometric analysis, trend analysis (using the Google Trends), structural and logical generalization. A bibliometric and trend analysis of the relationship between the terms «sustainable land use» and «rational land use» is carried out. On the basis of the study and generalization of international experience, specific features and differences in the development of the system of sustainable land use in some countries of the world have been identified. A statistical analysis of indicators of land use development in Ukraine in the pre-wartime period is carried out. The problems, threats and risks of land use associated with hostilities on the territory of Ukraine are identified. The experience of implementing national land restoration policies by countries affected by hostilities is analyzed. It is determined that the current economic conditions in Ukraine require the creation of appropriate institutional conditions and the improvement of mechanisms for ensuring sustainable land use, taking into account the specifics of wartime. As a result of the study, it is proved that in order to ensure sustainable and rational land use in Ukraine, taking into account the best world practices that are used in most countries of the world, it is necessary to develop a set of provisions and recommendations of a theoretical, methodological and practical nature.

The study of sustainable land use reflects the interdisciplinary characteristics of land science, geography, ecology and sustainability science. In recent years, research on sustainable land use has rapidly increased in scope and speed around the world. To discuss the trends, research power distribution, key areas, research hotspots and international cooperation in sustainable land use research in the past 20 years. This paper used the Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny software packages to entire process of bibliometric analysis and visual display of sustainable land use research papers from 1990 to 2019 (data update time is May 10, 2019). (1) The amount of publications in the field of sustainable land use from 1990 to 2019 increased with time and entered a period of rapid growth after 2013. (2) From the perspective of research power, the influence of developed countries in the field of sustainable land use is significantly stronger than that of developing countries. (3) Through high-frequency keyword analysis, land use change, land degradation, and sustainable land management are hotspots in the field of sustainable land use. (4) The themes of sustainable land use have changed greatly in various periods, and some of the themes have strong continuity. In order to promote the development of sustainable land use, this paper proposes to integrate strong sustainability theory, landscape ecology theory, and geographical design concepts into this field, thereby greatly expanding the theoretical space. Also, this paper proposes to improve the scientificity of the evaluation indicators and use emerging technologies to timely monitor the status and evolution of land use, which can provide scientific basis and decision-making reference for the formulation of sustainable land use strategies, policies, and countermeasures.

Aim of the studyThe purpose of the study is to consider the issue of sustainable land use in Ukraine, taking into account the consequences of the war. The legal definition of sustainable land use is currently not sufficiently justified and balanced. In Ukraine today, the paradigm of sustainable (balanced) land use is still being formed, and the Land Policy Strategy for the management of land resources and land use should be based on it.Material and methodsThe method of analysis is used to determine the possibilities of a more rapid development of the socially oriented market economy after the war. This can happen thanks to the deepening of the theoretical foundations of the rational use of land resources (the synthesis method), optimization of the economic, social and ecological components of land use (deduction method), which in turn will contribute to increasing the socio - economic efficiency of the use and reproduction of the productive potential of Ukraine's lands in the post-war period (system approach).Results and conclusionsIt was determined that sustainable (balanced) land use should be understood as a system of organizing the use and protection of land and other natural resources and biodiversity and corresponding land relations corresponding to the relations of social development, in which the optimal relationship between social, ecological and economic factors of land use development is achieved. The essence of the research component of the institutionalization of balanced land use is disclosed. A paradigm of views on sustainable land use is formulated, taking into account the consequences of the war in Ukraine.

Achieving sustainable land use is one of the most important ways to achieve regional socio-economic sustainable development. We have collected 12 papers in this special issue “Sustainable Land Use in China” to show the varied application of sustainable land use studies and to provide meaningful decision-making information and policy implications for land use planners. We summarize the contributions to this special issue on sustainable land use and place them in perspective. Several studies focus on sustainable urban land use, some focus on sustainable rural land use, and others on environmental issues on land use. These studies have analyzed a broad array of topics related to land use, including the dynamic changes and driving forces of land use spatial patterns, sustainable land use, land use policy and optimization, and the environmental problems related to certain types of land use.

Abstract. The land management method is the main instrument for the organization of sustainable use and protection of land in the process of agricultural land use formation in spatial planning of territories. It is important to consider the effectiveness of the existing land management system as an ecological and economical tool for sustainable development of the agrarian sector. The discussion of the formation of highly efficient agricultural land use in Ukraine is conducted while reviewing the world positive experience regarding the realization of the main principles of the spatial planning of territories. In this study, the international experience of land-use planning is analyzed with sustainable use of agricultural lands taken into the account. A core of the main spheres of implementation of the world experience in spatial planning of the territories is reviled with consideration of ecological and economical mechanisms of sustainable use of lands in Ukraine . In this paper, I(we) will study the international experience of using land management mechanism for providing sustainable use of agricultural lands that are based on spatial planning of rural areas as independent objects of management. Keywords: sustainable development, spatial planning, decentralization, territorial community, region