Land Acquisition Research Articles

Analysis of Good Governance in Land Acquisition and Compensation for Road Development in Nepal

This study delves into the intricate landscape of good governance within the realm of land acquisition and compensation processes for road development projects in Nepal, a pertinent issue given the global trend of forced displacement due to infrastructure development. Land acquisition, a process empowering public authorities to acquire land for public projects, often intersects with governance principles. Governance, characterized by participatory decision-making and accountability, ensures equitable distribution of benefits from land and resources. In the context of land acquisition, good governance upholds principles such as transparency, efficiency, and the rule of law. However, challenges persist in actualizing these principles, as evidenced by discrepancies between compensation rates and market values, opaque procedures, and delays in compensation disbursement. Drawing on empirical data from the Kathmandu Terai, Madhesh Fast Track Road Project (KTFTRP), this study reveals shortcomings in governance, including limited participation, lack of transparency, and inefficiency in compensation processes. Findings underscore the need for reforms to align land acquisition practices with principles of good governance, ensuring fair compensation, transparency, and efficiency. This study contributes to the discourse on governance reform and sustainable infrastructure development, offering insights for policymakers and practitioners in Nepal and beyond.

EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PENGADAAN TANAH DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG

This research aims to evaluate the success of land procurement policies in the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway Development Project carried out by the Land Office of Bandung Regency. The method employed is a qualitative approach using a descriptive method that delineates specific circumstances from the emerging facts during the research process without altering the observed phenomena. The evaluation encompasses several indicators, including Inputs, processes, Outputs, and outcomes. Several issues identified include suboptimal planning, constraints in land relocation, land acquisition methods following a Business to Business (B to B) pattern, community dissatisfaction, delayed land payments, land measurement errors, insufficient comprehensive socialization, and inadequate coordination in addressing on-site issues. The research findings indicate that the implementation of Land Procurement Policies for the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway Development Project by the Land Office of Bandung Regency has yielded moderately satisfying results across most indicators. However, shortcomings exist in slow and unclear information dissemination to the public, low intensity in policy socialization influenced by third parties directly engaging the community, coordination and authority overlap issues between policy implementers and project executors, challenges in facility relocation, emerging land disputes, and additional land route adjustments beyond the initial planning requiring further attention. Hence, it is recommended to enhance information distribution and broader, more intensive policy socialization, improve coordination and collaboration with relevant parties, implement structured dispute resolution, and enhance precision in reviewing planning documents. Keywords: Policy Evaluation; Land Procurement; High-Speed Railway.

The Validity of a Deed of Sale and Purchase Made by a Official Certifier of Title Deeds Before the Land and Building Acquisition Duty (BPHTB) is Paid

Land is one of the most important properties for the community and the state because it is very vulnerable to disputes and conflicts involving various parties. In land sale and purchase transactions, land buyers are required to pay the tax on Acquisition of Land and Building Rights (BPHTB) in advance personally before the binding of the sale and purchase deed. In practice, people often entrust BPHTB payments to the Official certifier of title deeds (PPAT) by considering the efficiency of the time and process, it is not uncommon for PPAT to assist and represent in terms of tax payments, especially BPHTB. However, PPAT’s authority is actually only limited to making deeds regarding land rights or property rights over apartment units located in its working area as explained in Government Regulation Number 37 of 1998 concerning Regulations on the Position of Official certifier of title deedss which was later amended by Government Regulation Number 24 of 2016. The research uses the Juridical-normative method (legal research), namely legal research using legal norms as the object of research based on an internal perspective that is able to provide legal arguments when conflicts, vagueness, or legal vacuum are found.

NAVIGATING SUSTAINABILITY: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF EIA PROCESS AND MITIGATION MEASURES AT THE KARORA HYDROPOWER PROJECT, SHANGLA, PAKISTAN

More than 16% of the total electricity used worldwide is met by hydropower, having local to regional environmental consequences. Pakistan's Environmental Protection Ordinance (PEPO) 1983 mandated Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). In the Shangla District, the village of Kuz Kana is located about 300 meters upstream of the run-of-river project known as the Karora Hydropower project. The study reviewed the Environmental Impact Assessment and mitigating methods for the Karora hydropower project, Shangla, Pakistan. The authors analyzed the impact area, land resources, water resources, flora and fauna, and the Socio-Economic setup of district Shangla. They also consulted with stakeholders to address potential impacts, issues raised, and compensations according to regulations. According to the survey, the cumulative negative effect of acquiring 64.321 kanals of land will impact around 18 landowners. Only 0.14% and 0.11% of the land in the villages of Kuz Kana and Ranial, respectively, needs to be acquired compared to the proposed area with the complete community. The affected individuals and communities received complete compensation for their losses following the Land Acquisition Act (1984), KPK practice, and ADB policy on “Involuntary Resettlement.” The study concluded that the project has no adverse environmental effects, and the minor potential impacts and compensation were done smoothly per the regulations. The lack of meaningful involvement by the public in the dam construction process is a key critique, which is especially essential for local communities directly impacted by hydropower projects. The study recommended implementing the environmental impact assessment for all hydropower projects in Pakistan.

Partisipasi Masyarakat Kampung Arar dalam Pengadaan Tanah untuk Pembangunan Bagi Kepentingan Umum di KEK Sorong Provinsi Papua Barat Daya

Land acquisition for the construction of the Sorong SEZ will be carried out in 2023. In the development plan, the land area required for the Sorong SEZ development plan reaches 523.7 ha, which is the property of the Kami clan. The object of land acquisition for this development consists of community land in Arar village with mixed garden land conditions. This community service activity aims to increase awareness and participation of the Arar Village community in the land acquisition process for public interest development in the Sorong Special Economic Zone (KEK), Southwest Papua. This community activity was held on February 1, 2024, at the Arar Village Meeting Hall and the Sorong KEK location. This community service activity is carried out with several activities, namely: (1) preparation for the activity location and preparation of presentation materials to be delivered; (2) licensing administration and outreach to the Arar Village Government, Babinsa, and the community; (3) carrying out outreach activities at the Arar Village Meeting Hall regarding the importance of community participation in land acquisition for public purposes in the Sorong SEZ; and (4) implementation of activities and inspection of affected locations, significantly growing plants and buildings at the Sorong KEK location. The implementation of land acquisition for the construction of the Sorong SEZ went smoothly, driven by the active participation of the people of Kampung Arar. Therefore, the recommendations for this activity are: (a) Land acquisition activities are very complex activities, requiring good synergy between the government and the community; and (b) In implementing land acquisition activities, the approach taken to the community is not only carried out formally but can also be carried out informally so that the community can fully participate in development in the community area.

Seismic Snapshots - Second Quarter 2024 - PESA News Issue 173

Seismic Snapshots-PESA News Issue 173: CGG Changes Name to Viridien; CGG Launches AI Cloud Solution Powered by NVIDIA for Optimized AI and HPC Workloads; CGG Launches Two New 3D Reimaging Projects Near Côte d’Ivoire’s World-Class Discoveries; Sercel Announces First Commercial Sale of its New 528 Land Acquisition System; PGS Goes Big Game Hunting Off West Africa; PGS Reports Decline in Revenue for 2023; Searcher Claims to ‘Lead the Way in Orange Basin Exploration’ with ‘Groundbreaking Data Acquisition.’ </ul>

Effect of Platform Configurations and Environmental Conditions on the Performance of Floating Solar Photovoltaic Structures

The growth and development of floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) power plants is a prominent topic within renewable energy technology. One reason contributing to this desired technology design concept is the possibility of land acquisition issues, whereas the usage of the ocean provides a greater technical alternative area. The objective of the research is to present an innovative design for a floating structure, focusing on investigating and comparing the seakeeping performance of several hull configurations: catamaran, trimaran, quadrimaran and pentamaran. The final computational simulation results indicate a linear negative trend in the motion response graphs, particularly in specific significant response values for heave (Global Z), roll (Global RX), and pitch (Global RY), as the hull configuration increases.

Examining the causes and effects of time overruns in construction projects promoted by rural municipalities in Nepal

Time overruns are the most common issue in construction projects, which have a significant negative impact on the project and the parties involved. This also applies to National Competitive Bidding (NCB) construction projects in municipalities, jeopardizing project timelines, costs, and quality standards. Poor performance by professionals in rural municipalities has resulted in inadequate infrastructure development in these areas. The goal of this study is to understand the causes and effects of time overruns by employing an exploratory and descriptive research methodology. The data from clients, consultants, and contractors consistently highlights key factors contributing to project delays, including adverse weather conditions, limited involvement from contractor head offices, insufficient consultant experience, inadequate site management, and delays in site mobilization. These delays incur substantial costs related to materials, land acquisition, labor, and market risks. The results included that 52.17% the projects experienced time overruns ranging from 24.4% to 514.71%. Furthermore, 21.73% of projects experienced cost overruns, with the highest at 19.92%. These findings provide critical insights for improving project management and addressing construction time overruns. It recommends conducting national-scale analyses to gain a comprehensive understanding of construction delays and to implement effective mitigation strategies.

“In densification we trust” – on the role of abstract space in the production of urban densification in the Alpine Rhine Valley

ABSTRACT This paper draws on Henri Lefebvre’s conception of abstract space to analyze how socio-territorial relations between a variety of public and private actors shape the transformation of the built environment of the Alpine Rhine Valley in western Austria through urban densification. First, the paper conceptualizes abstract space through the duality of land, which is both traded as a market commodity and regulated by the various layers of the state. Lefebvre’s concept is further refined by making it volumetric, in order to analyze how conceptualizations of urban density are the site of negotiations and trade-offs that irrationalize the rational nature of abstract space. Six socio-territorial relations were identified during typical phases of land acquisition and project development, derived from the empirical material resulting from 20 interviews with key stakeholders. The paper thus demonstrates how socio-territorial relations are essential for the conceptualization of urban densification projects, as well as how volumetric abstract space can contribute to de-naturalizing our understanding of the transformation of the built environment.

Study of Dholera Special Investment Region

This study examines the issues faced by Gujarat, India's Dholera Special Investment Region (DSIR) as it transitions to an entrepreneurial urbanization paradigm. The main focus of the study challenge is to comprehend the development trajectory of DSIR, specifically with respect to industrial expansion and sustainable urbanization, while tackling problems like land acquisition disputes and delays in infrastructure. The study uses a mixed-method approach, drawing on secondary literature analysis, industry reports, and direct data from governmental sources. It looks at the beginnings of DSIR, its growth plan, its corporate directional approach, and the wider socioeconomic effects of its evolution. The primary conclusions point to a paradigm shift toward a "entrepreneurial urbanization" model that is driven by funding from the private sector and government assistance. However, obstacles like property disputes and delays in infrastructure provide serious obstacles to the advancement of DSIR.

Participation and Perception of Project Affected People in SIA Process under RFCTLARR Act 2013

Undoubtedly, growing urbanisation, increasing of infrastructure requirement and rapid economic development has imposed high pressure on land in India. Private land is regularly acquired for both State-sponsored development and private projects, which is increasingly become contentious. Compulsory acquisition of land till the end of December 2013 is primarily governed by the Land Acquisition Act, 1894, which is century-old legislation enacted in the very different social, economic and political milieu. Post-independence period Indian Government has not fundamentally changed the acquisition policy to reflect the values and needs of our times, which has resulted in legal, social, cultural, economic and political fallouts. Land Acquisition Act, 1894 is needed for public purpose and economic development, but it is deficient in many respects. In this background the colonial Land Acquisition Act, 1894 was repealed and replaced by the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act.2013. It is now settled that whatever State or Government acquires land from its citizens for public purpose, it has power to do so. The jurisprudence that has developed around colonial Land Acquisition Ac, 1894 over the years on this subject has made the citizen, a subject. The colonial mind-set is that all pervasive under the Act was reflected in practice and even the judiciary in some cases has inadvertently furthered this notion. Thus, it becomes imperative to scrutinize the law and test it, against the contemporary democratic values. However, the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 made an attempt to balance within the larger political context of land acquisition in India. Through the land acquisition how people be affected to be estimated by SIA study suggested in The RFCTLARR Act 2013. But the entire SIA process can be succeed when all the stakeholders in general and the project affected people or families in particular to be participated fully during the implementation of the project. The current paper have studied the participation and perception of project affected families in different projects implemented by Government of Odisha.

Proposed improvements to Istibdal implementation management in the state of Penang

Purpose This study aims to examine the factors of implementing istibdal waqf and generating cash waqf funds through istibdal in Penang. This study was based on the previous problem statements, stating that waqf property could not be developed due to lack of cash funds. This has allowed the study to explore the factors for implementing istibdal waqf property and the extent to which the istibdal method can generate cash waqf funds in Penang. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a qualitative method by conducting semi-structured interviews to achieve its research goals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to comprehensively understand the current practice on istibdal cases in Penang State Islamic Religious Council (MAINPP) through official institutions concerned with waqf management practices in Penang. This research relied on purposive sampling to select the informants. It is a sampling strategy to select the informants in advance based on the research question. To achieve the purpose of this study, two officers from MAINPP were selected based on their working experience and specialisation criteria. As a result, several themes were successfully defined from the interview data before being analysed based on the content analysis method. Findings The results present three istibdal implementation processes outlined by MAINPP, namely, the istibdal implementation process for waqf land involved in the acquisition by state authorities (PBN), non-productive waqf land and istibdal applications from certain parties. The results also reveal two factors in implementing istibdal in Penang: the acquisition of waqf land by PBN and the application of istibdal for cemeteries by the Islamic Centre of Universiti Sains Malaysia. From the point of cash fund generation, no case of istibdal implementation records the generation of cash funds to MAINPP. Thus, this study ends with proposals for improving the process and implementing istibdal in Penang to generate cash funds to help MAINPP manage waqf properties. Research limitations/implications The study only focused on implementing factors and generating cash waqf funds through istibdal in Penang. At the same time, it can be expanded to other states like Terengganu, Johor and Kelantan. This study only interviewed officers who manage matters related to the affairs of waqf properties. Therefore, it is believed that the study can be extended to other respondents, such as experts in cash fund generation investments and others. Practical implications This study proposed improvements to the policy and practice of istibdal waqf property to MAINPP after the shortcomings were identified throughout this study. If improved, these proposals will significantly impact the waqf properties involved in implementing istibdal, where it can generate cash and ensure the constant economic value of waqf properties. Social implications This study has great implications for society through the development of a cash waqf fund that can provide great benefits to the needy, in addition to increasing funds for the welfare expenditure of Muslims through rental income, investment and development. Progress and significant impact on waqf property can provide a high indicator of the efficiency of an organisation in managing waqf property. This can attract the interest of the public, especially the wealthy, to always fulfil welfare through the waqf mechanism and share the wealth with the needy. Originality/value This study contributes to comprehensive field data on the implementation of istibdal in Penang. The data analysis results are significant to be used by the waqf property management.

Identification, and Assessment of Reasons for delay in Metro projects in India

Transport solutions such as metro rail projects in cities are needed to cope with India's rapidly growing urbanisation. However, a number of issues that affect the performance in terms of deadlines, project costs and construction quality are faced by several metro projects currently under way in Indian cities. Based on the likely severity of these delays, this research prioritised time overrun parameters via expert questionnaire. Relative importance index (RII) of collected responses were computed and analysed. The result show that for time overrun the top three critical factors are Existing Utility Shifting, Land Acquisition for the Project and Poor Management / Incompetency of Contractor. It would facilitate the timely completion of metro projects with reasonable value for money to government, by mitigating this time overrun through proper life cycle contract management and risk allocation. Keywords: Urban Metro Rail Projects, Time Overrun, Relative Importance Index (RII)

The Antinomy of Agrarian Reform Regulations After the Establishment of the Land Bank Authority

The establishment of the Land Bank through Government Regulation No. 64 of 2021 introduces a significant framework designed to secure land availability for public, social, national development, economic equality, land consolidation, and agrarian reform purposes. This regulation marks a new phase in agrarian reform, particularly with the introduction of Presidential Regulation 62 of 2023, which replaces earlier regulations (Nos. 88 of 2017 and 86 of 2018) to streamline and enhance the effectiveness of land reforms. Despite its mandate to allocate 30% of land for agrarian reform, the Land Bank faces challenges due to overlapping land acquisition sources, which often intersect with lands designated for agrarian reform. This research utilizes normative juridical methods to analyze these conflicts between the regulations governing the Land Bank and the enhanced framework provided by the Presidential Regulation on Acceleration of Agrarian Reform. The findings highlight a significant overlap between the targeted lands for agrarian reform and those acquired by the Land Bank. This overlap results in discrepancies in land rights among subjects of land redistribution, who are affected differently depending on whether lands are under the management rights of the Land Bank. The study suggests that legal harmonization efforts are necessary to address these conflicts, recommending the application of Lex superiori derogat legi inferiori, where higher legislation should override lower ones. Such harmonization is critical to resolve norm conflicts and ensure the equitable distribution of land rights, thereby facilitating the objectives of agrarian reform. KEYWORDS : Antinomy, Agrarian Reform, Land Bank

‘Land for my children’: Gendered moral economies, social reproduction and resistance against land grabs in rural Cambodia

AbstractThis article elaborates the connections between women's roles in household and community social reproduction and their leadership in resistance against land dispossession. Drawing on interviews with women land activists in two rural provinces, situated in south and central Cambodia, it examines the beliefs and processes of meaning‐making underpinning women's activism against state‐sanctioned land acquisitions through an examination of the symbols, discourses and imaginaries of land, home and social reproductive labour that embed their struggles. It argues that rural women's resistance makes visible gendered moral economies—moored to agrarian social relations and shaped by the modalities of social reproduction—that legitimate contestation against state‐sanctioned land dispossession.

EU policy on agricultural land turnover: general characteristics

The evolving land reforms in Ukraine and its recent strides towards EU membership accentuate the critical importance of addressing the circulation of agricultural land. This article analyzes the European Union's policies concerning the formulation and execution of regulations governing the transfer of agricultural land, given its doctrinal and practical significance in the context of Ukraine's transitional phase. This academic article examines the intricate relationship between European Union (EU) legislation and the regulation of land ownership within its member states, with a particular focus on agricultural land. The analysis delves into the legal framework provided by Article 345 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, which preserves member states' autonomy in land ownership decisions while emphasizing compliance with the principles of free movement of capital. The article reviews key EU guidelines and directives, such as those concerning land policy design and reform processes, common agricultural policy, and financial regulations, which indirectly impact land transactions and ownership. Additionally, it explores the Union's response to challenges such as land grabbing and concentration of ownership, including guidelines for member states to protect agricultural land from speculative practices and monopolization. Furthermore, the article discusses recent legal precedents, notably the CJEU's ruling on Bulgaria's residency requirement for land acquisition, which highlights the tension between national policy objectives and EU principles. Through an analysis of EU legislation, court decisions, and policy recommendations, this article offers insights into the evolving dynamics of land ownership regulation within the EU, aiming to contribute to a deeper understanding of the balance between capital movement and national sovereignty in land governance.

Combined onshore and offshore wide-scale seismic data acquisition and imaging for carbon capture and storage exploration in Havnsø, Denmark

Strong global actions for climate change include carbon capture and storage (CCS) as a feasible solution to reach carbon neutrality and raise opportunities for detailed subsurface investigations. An acquisition set-up designed for onshore-offshore zones was maximized for wide-scale high-resolution structural imaging and implemented to cover a domal structure of interest for CCS utilization close to the town of Havnsø (Denmark). The challenges of the combined acquisition and processing of land and marine multisensor data along a 42 km seismic profile are analyzed, the suggested solutions are applied, and the limitations are discussed. On the onshore side, a nodal array and a seismic landstreamer system were simultaneously used, whereas along the transition zone, a marine seismic streamer and ocean-bottom seismometers were added to record the seismic response generated by two seismic vibrator sources. The adopted sensing domains (velocity, acceleration, and pressure) were studied, and different processing steps were evaluated to enable their processing and subsequent data set merging. Results suggest, as the best approach, a separate prestack processing of the different data sets and the computation of new geometries and new surface-consistent residual static correction after their merging. The data acquired in the transition zone illuminate, for the first time, the subsurface geology of the region, delineating an expected domal closure. The final seismic section shows high continuity of the reflections with good resolution along the entire profile, identifying the main reservoir structure and the surrounding areas, which are important to ensure reservoir integrity and safe exploitation over longer time scales. Shallow and deep reflections are consistent with the stratigraphic column from a well log near the profile. The presented study shows a comprehensive workflow for processing such a multisensor data set in onshore and transition zone settings.

Social Inclusion and Justice for the Internally Displaced by the Herdsmen-Farmers Conflict in Benue State, Nigeria

Executive Summary Herdsmen-farmers conflict has displaced 1.5 million residents of Benue State, Nigeria, according to government officials. Internally displaced persons (IDPs) have lost livelihoods, farms, personal property and community infrastructure. The paper highlights the social challenges they have experienced and the response by government and international humanitarian agencies (IHAs) to their situations. Based on interviews with 12 IDPs belonging to the displaced population from Guma Local Government Area of Benue State and interviews with seven humanitarian workers, the paper finds that the IDPs: • Have lost family members, neighbors, farms, churches, health centers, and means of mobility. • Cannot safely return home or access their ancestral lands. • Cannot support themselves. • Cannot attend public school or progress to a university. • Lack access to quality health care. • Live with multiple families in insecure shelters. • Cannot reliably obtain birth registration and replace other destroyed documents. • Can register their names, family relations, and former villages, but not their losses, which might lead to compensation and help them to rebuild their lives. The paper makes the following recommendations. • Registration, Effective Remedies and Access to Justice: The Benue State Emergency Management Agency (BSEMA), Federal Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs (FMHA) and United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) should document personal and community socio-economic losses to ascertain the extent of damage to IDPs in order to facilitate effective remedies. The Ministries of Justice, the National Human Rights Commission, and UNHCR should support the IDPs by providing them with information and procedures that allow them to secure full compensation for their losses, and with safe, permanent solutions to their situations, including full integration into their host communities, safe and voluntary return home, or resettlement in a third community. • Engage IDPs as Stakeholders: The Benue State Government should ensure that BSEMA communicates to IDPs the possibilities for voluntary and dignified safe return. If return is not immediately foreseeable, BSEMA should offer IDPs the means to relocate and resettle elsewhere. • Provision of Sustainable Social Amenities: BSEMA, the FMHA, and international humanitarian agencies (IHAs) should provide sustainable healthcare, shelter, education in IDP camps, financial assistance and the means to access services outside of IDP camps. • Peace through Establishment of Ranches: Benue State Government’s Peace Commission should resolve the herdsmen-farmer conflict and restore peace by promoting peaceful co-existence between the conflicting parties. Herdsmen should be educated on the procedures for legal land acquisition for ranching, and farmers should be able to seek legal redress when their farms are damaged by grazing cattle. BSEMA and the Federal Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs should also facilitate voluntary, safe and dignified return of IDPs or their resettlement in another community. • Safeguard IDP Camps: BSEMA and the Nigeria security agencies should safeguard official and unofficial IDP camps. • Inclusive Policy Implementation: The FMHA in collaboration with the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) should develop humanitarian response plans that are beneficial to all IDPs in Nigeria irrespective of the cause of their displacement.

Legal Issues in Land Acquisition for Agricultural Production in Nigeria

Land is the nations’ most valuable asset, as it provides sustenance. Legally speaking, land tenure in Nigeria is a complicated web of connections between many organizations that establishes land ownership patterns in connection to various land uses. This study examined the legal issues in land acquisition for agricultural production in Nigeria. Secondary data sourced from books, journals, and the internet were used. Normative legal research techniques were adopted to discuss legal issues in land acquisition, while qualitative content analysis was used to ascertain the level of agricultural production in Nigeria, as well as the relationship between land acquisition and agricultural production in Nigeria. The study’s findings showed that Nigeria's land tenure system supports land partitioning (land fragmentation), which leads to scattered small-scale farming. Tenure rules stipulated in the Nigerian Land Use Act of 1978 hinder agricultural productivity in Nigeria. Additional relevant factors and challenges influencing Nigeria's agricultural production include land tenure insecurity, and political and bureaucratic bottlenecks in the acquisition of land rights for agricultural uses. To ensure improved agricultural productivity, the government should initiate and implement a new land tenure reform that will address the inherent challenges in the current land tenure system.

Relasi Kuasa Pembebasan Lahan Pembangunan Bandara Dhoho Kediri di Desa Grogol Kecamatan Grogol Kabupaten Kediri

The development of Kediri Airport is a national strategic project built with the Government and Business Entity Cooperation (GBEC) scheme, the implementation of which is carried out by PT Gudang Garam through its subsidiary, PT Surya Dhoho Investama. This research analyses the problems related to land acquisition for the construction of Dhoho Kediri Airport in Grogol District, Kediri Regency using Michel Foucault's power relations theory. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. This research took place from April 2021 to December 2023. This research found that there are at least 4 parties involved in the land acquisition process, namely: the village and sub-district governments of Grogol, PT Gudang Garam, Tbk, the Kediri District Land Agency and also the people of Grogol Village. The land acquisition process shows that there are discourses from various parties circulating. The actors involved compete with each other to legitimise the existing power. This is in line with Michele Foucault's theory of power relations that power is a dimension of relations. Where relations and power cannot be separated from one another. In the process, 17 families in Grogol Village made demands to the buyer, PT Gudang Garam, through the Kediri District Court. However, the final solution was only a nominal increase in compensation that was not too significant. This happened because of the power relations involved in the land acquisition process. The discourse from the government that the development is useful for the public interest is considered the most efficient. It is very important that in the process of land acquisition for the public interest, the government or the buyer pays more attention to the affected community.