Lack Of Optimization Research Articles

A New NVM Device Driver for IoT Time Series Database

Numerous IoT devices in IoT systems collect data concurrently, which brings great challenges to IoT time series databases to store and manage these data. NVM device has high read–write speed compared with HDD and Flash-based SSD, and it is a possible way to solve the storage bottleneck. However, there are some limitations that should be solved such as the overhead of the I/O software stack for NVM devices and the lack of optimization for IoT time series databases in a Linux environment. By analyzing the characteristics of IoT time series databases and NVM devices, we optimized the device driver of NVM in Linux and provide a new structure of a NVM device driver for IoT time series databases. A multi-queue management strategy and a lightweight load balance mechanism based on frequency were designed to improve the concurrency and efficiency of NVM device drivers. The prototype of an IoT-oriented NVM device driver named TS-PMEM was implemented based on an open-source NVM device driver. Six prototypes were used for evaluation with YCSB-TS, a test tool for time series databases. Results showed that TS-PMEM can improve write throughput of the time series databases by 18.6%, query throughput by 10.6%, and reduce the write latency by 8.3% and query latency by 6.4%.

Computed Tomography Protocol Optimisation for Pediatric Head Trauma: Radiation Dose and Image Quality Assessment

Purpose: Children are sometimes examined with Computed Tomography protocols designed for adults, leading to radiation doses higher than necessary. Lack of optimisation could lead to image quality higher than what is needed for diagnostic purposes with associated high doses to patients. Optimising the protocols for paediatric head trauma CT imaging will reduce radiation dose. Objective: The study aimed to optimise radiation dose and assess the image quality for a set of protocols by evaluating noise, a contrast to noise ratio, modulation transfer function and noise power spectrum. Methods: Somaton Sensation 64 was used to scan the head of an anthropomorphic phantom with a set of protocols. ImageJ software was used to analyse the paediatric head image from the scanner. IMPACTSCAN dosimeter software was used to evaluate the radiation dose to the various organs in the head. MATLAB was used to analyse the Modulation Transfer Function and the Noise Power. Results: The estimated Computed Tomography Dose Index volume (CTDIvol) increased with increasing tube current and tube voltage. The high pitch of 0.9 gave a lower dose than the 0.5 pitch. The eye lens received the highest radiation dose (39.2 mGy) whiles the thyroid received the least radiation dose (13.7 mGy). There was an increase in noise (62.46) when the H60 kernel was used and a lower noise (8.829) was noticed when the H30 kernel was used. Conclusion: The results obtained show that the H30 kernel (smooth kernel) gave higher values for noise and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) than the H60 kernel (sharp kernel). The H60 kernel produced high values for the modulation transfer function (MTF) and noise power spectrum (NPS). The eye lens received the highest radiation dose.

Development Failure Analysis Kungkuk Tourism Village (Case Study in Punten Village, Batu City)

This study aims to analyze the failure of the development of the Kungkuk Village Tourism Village in Punten Village, Batu City. Developing the tourism paradigm in Indonesia has made Tourism Villages a Trend in tourism development. Villages are required to manage and build village potential. However, in the implementation process, it often encounters obstacles such as lack of optimality and even failure in development. Researchers seek to see the role of actors and collaboration to form collaborations between government, private, community, academic, and media (Penta Helix) in developing Tourism Villages. The research method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach. The results showed that the failure of the development of the Kungkuk Village Tourism Village was triggered by a lack of support from the village government, and no village regulation provided an umbrella for the development of the Tourism Village. The strong sectoral ego triggers a low level of collaboration between the government, the private sector, the community, academia, and the media to develop Tourism Villages.

ROME: All Overlays Lead to Aggregation, but Some Are Faster than Others

Aggregation is common in data analytics and crucial to distilling information from large datasets, but current data analytics frameworks do not fully exploit the potential for optimization in such phases. The lack of optimization is particularly notable in current “online” approaches that store data in main memory across nodes, shifting the bottleneck away from disk I/O toward network and compute resources, thus increasing the relative performance impact of distributed aggregation phases. We present ROME, an aggregation system for use within data analytics frameworks or in isolation. ROME uses a set of novel heuristics based primarily on basic knowledge of aggregation functions combined with deployment constraints to efficiently aggregate results from computations performed on individual data subsets across nodes (e.g., merging sorted lists resulting from top- k ). The user can either provide minimal information that allows our heuristics to be applied directly, or ROME can autodetect the relevant information at little cost. We integrated ROME as a subsystem into the Spark and Flink data analytics frameworks. We use real-world data to experimentally demonstrate speedups up to 3× over single-level aggregation overlays, up to 21% over other multi-level overlays, and 50% for iterative algorithms like gradient descent at 100 iterations.

Information Visualization from the Perspective of Big Data Analysis and Fusion

In the big data environment, the visualization technique has been increasingly adopted to mine the data on library and information (L&I), with the diversification of data sources and the growth of data volume. However, there are several defects with the research on information association of L&I visualization network: the lack of optimization of network layout algorithms, and the absence of L&I information fusion and comparison in multiple disciplines, in the big data environment. To overcome these defects, this paper explores the visualization of L&I from the perspective of big data analysis and fusion. Firstly, the authors analyzed the topology of the L&I visualization network, and calculated the metrics for the construction of L&I visualization topology map. Next, the importance of meta-paths of the L&I visualization network was calculated. Finally, a complex big data L&I visualization network was established, and the associations between information nodes were analyzed in details. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm

Characterizing the Theory of Energy Transition in Luxembourg, Part Two—On Energy Enthusiasts’ Viewpoints

The energy transition is a certain phenomenon in the future of the world. However, exploring the existing literature suggests that public considerations have not been analyzed in Luxembourg yet. A widespread move from the conventional energy system based on fossil fuels into a new energy system with renewable energy could not occur successfully without the strong support of the public. Characterizing a theory of transition was intended to fill in the gap of knowledge of the field. To ground the built theory, it is necessary to collect as much empirical data as possible. The applied methodology to collect data was to run a survey. Public groups in a variety of job statuses were invited to take part in the survey. The employed method to analyze the data was a combination of qualitative analysis with the pragmatic theory of truth. Overall, the number of collected responses reached 96. Notably, people did not imagine the future differently. They showed a lack of optimism in the future. The findings confirm that the necessity of energy transition is fairly far from people’s considerations. It is a big concern that the authors would like to highlight.

ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA MENENTUKAN FRASA, UNGKAPAN DAN KATA MAJEMUK SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 060936 MEDAN JOHOR TAHUN AJARAN 2020/2021

This research was conducted because of the difficulties of Grade V students of SD Negeri 060936 Medan Johor in Determining Phrases, expressions and Compound Words. The purpose of this study was to determine the abilities, difficulties and factors causing the students' difficulties in determining phrases, expressions and compound words for the fifth grade students of SD Negeri 060936 Medan Johor. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. This research was conducted in Class V SD Negeri 060936 Medan Johor on 19-20 February 2021. Data collection tools used in this study were multiple choice tests and interviews. Tests are used to determine students' abilities and difficulties, while interviews are used to determine factors that cause student difficulties. Then the data analysis techniques are average and percentage. The population in this study were all fifth grade students of SD Negeri 060936 Medan Johor and also as samples in the study. Based on the data analysis, it was concluded that (1) the students' ability to determine phrases, expressions and compound words of grade V SD Negeri 060936 Medan Johor obtained an average of 49.21 and included in the underprivileged criteria. (2) based on the test questions given the difficulties experienced by students are in the phrase, namely with a percentage of 60.71% and it is included in the high difficulty criteria. As for the difficulties experienced by students, namely, not being able to determine the exact meaning and examples of phrases. (3) the factors that cause student difficulties are the lack of motivation and desire of students in learning Indonesian, the difficulty of students determining phrases, expressions and compound words, the teacher's lack of optimism in teaching material and using media when learning and the lack of parental roles in children's learning.

Optimizing the setting of medical interactive rehabilitation assistant platform to improve the performance of the patients: A case study

Tele-rehabilitation is an alternative to the conventional rehabilitation service that helps patients in remote areas to access a service that is practical in terms of logistics and cost, in a controlled environment. It includes the usage of mobile phones or other wireless devices that are applied to rehabilitation exercises. Such applications or software include exercises in the form of virtual games, treatment monitoring based on the rehabilitation progress and data analysis. However, nowadays, physiotherapists use a default profiling setting for patients carrying out rehabilitation, due to lack of information. Medical Interactive Rehabilitation Assistant (MIRA) is a computer-based (virtual reality) rehabilitation platform. The profile setting includes: a level of difficulty, percentage of tolerance and maximum range. To the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of optimization in the parameter values setting of MIRA exergames that could enhance patients' performance. Generally, non-optimal profile setting leads to reduced effectiveness. Therefore, this study aims to develop a method that optimizes the profile setting of each patient according to the estimated (desired) optimal results. The proposed method is developed using unsupervised and supervised machine learning techniques. We use Self-Organizing Map (SOM) to cluster patient records into several distinct clusters. K-fold cross validation is applied to construct the prediction models. Classification And Regression Tree (CART) is utilized to predict the patient's optimal input setting for playing the MIRA games. The combination of these techniques seems to improve the efficiency of the standard (default) way in predicting the optimal settings for exergames. To evaluate the proposed method, we conduct an experiment with data collected from a rehabilitation center. We use three metrics to quantify the quality of the results: R-squared (R2), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The results of experimental analysis demonstrate that the proposed method is effective in predicting the adequate parameter setting in MIRA platform. The method has potential to be implemented as an intelligent system for MIRA prediction in healthcare. Moreover, the method could be extended to similar platforms for which data is available to train our method on.

Optimizing Placement of Field Experience Program: An Integration of MOORA and Rule-Based Decision Making

The lack of optimality in the Field Experience Program (FEP) placement has affected universities’ educational services to the stakeholders. Bringing together the stakeholders’ needs, university capacities, and participants’ willingness to quality and quantity is not easy. This study tries to optimize the placement of FEP by considering the interests of multiple perspectives through the application of Multi-Objective Optimization on the Basic of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) and Rule-Based methods in the form of a decision-making model. MOORA ranked the students based on the FEP committee’s perspective and other criteria, such as micro-teaching grades, final GPAs, study programs, number of credits, and student addresses. Meanwhile, the school perspective was ordered based on its accreditations, levels, types, facilities, and performances. To achieve the optimal recommendation of FEP placement, the integration of MOORA and Rule-based intertwined the requirement of such perspectives. A prototype of the system recommendation is then acquired to simplify the decision-making model. As adjudications, a survey from twenty stakeholders evidenced around 86.92% of system user acceptances. The confusion matrix testing defines the accuracy of this method reaches 78.33%. This paper reveals that the recommendation model has been successfully increasing the effectiveness of decision making in FEP placement under the needs and expectations of the entire stakeholders.

Fair-Optimal Bilevel Transactive Energy Management for Community of Microgrids

The inappropriate mechanism designs for demand response (DR) in the community of microgirds (CoMGs) may cause massive problems, such as increase of consumers’ costs, rebound peaks, and thereby lack of optimality in the network. In this article, a bilevel energy management system (EMS) is proposed to tackle the challenges associated with DR programs for CoMGs. The current structure successfully models users’ behavior and dissatisfaction in the first level of optimization to develop best DR program for each of them. Moreover, in the second level, power system constraints are taken into account to prevent voltage and current deviation from their statutory limits. Each user is assumed to be part of a microgrid (MG) whose operation is controlled and optimized through its local EMS in the first level. On the other hand, the overall operation of all MGs is delegated to the whole system operator, which acts as the central EMS (CEMS) in the second level. An iterative transactive energy management method is proposed by CEMS to fairly limit the excess power of the MGs one day ahead for voltage and current regulation. The obtained results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed structure in preventing discomfort issues, voltage deviation and creation of the rebound peaks in the system.

High-Throughput Screening of Psychotropic Compounds: Impacts on Swimming Behaviours in Artemia franciscana.

Animal behaviour is becoming increasingly popular as an endpoint in ecotoxicology due to its increased sensitivity and speed compared to traditional endpoints. However, the widespread use of animal behaviours in environmental risk assessment is currently hindered by a lack of optimisation and standardisation of behavioural assays for model species. In this study, assays to assess swimming speed were developed for a model crustacean species, the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana. Preliminary works were performed to determine optimal arena size for this species, and weather lux used in the experiments had an impact on the animals phototactic response. Swimming speed was significantly lower in the smallest arena, whilst no difference was observed between the two larger arenas, suggesting that the small arena was limiting swimming ability. No significant difference was observed in attraction to light between high and low light intensities. Arena size had a significant impact on phototaxis behaviours. Large arenas resulted in animals spending more time in the light side of the arena compared to medium and small, irrespective of light intensity. The swimming speed assay was then used to expose specimens to a range of psychotropic compounds with varying modes of action. Results indicate that swimming speed provides a valid measure of the impacts of behaviour modulating compounds on A. franciscana. The psychotropic compounds tested varied in their impacts on animal behaviour. Fluoxetine resulted in increased swimming speed as has been found in other crustacean species, whilst oxazepam, venlafaxine and amitriptyline had no significant impacts on the behaviours measured. The results from this study suggest a simple, fast, high throughput assay for A. franciscana and gains insight on the impacts of a range of psychotropic compounds on the swimming behaviours of a model crustacean species used in ecotoxicology studies.

PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA DALAM PENYUSUNAN DAN PENETAPAN PERATURAN DESA

The Village Consultative Body is a manifestation of democracy at the villagegovernment. Therefore, this study aims to explore and describe how the implementation of fuction of the village consultative body in preparation and determination of village regulation in Muara Laung II village and to know the factors that influence of the implementation of the village consultative body in preparation and determination of village regulation in Muara Laung II village.
 The method used in this studywas descriptive research with the data analyzed in qualitative. Meanwhile, to collect the data was used observation, interview and documentation. The data resources from this study was chair of BPD, member of BPD, secretary of BPD, society and figure of society.
 The results of this study was indicated that the role of BPD in the village of Muara laung II is still weak, caused the minimal number of village regulations generated, as evidenced by only one village regulation that has been established like APBDes is determined by BPD and there were still village regulations Not yet formed, besides BPD still can not be said to accommodate and contribute the aspirations of the society, because there was not of good socialization with the society that resulted in decisions taken not in accordance with the wishes of the society. The main factor was lack of optimization of the implementation of the functions of BPD in Muara Laung II village that was less of involvement and support of community because unable of BPD to motivation and open opportunity of society participation of society. According to the writer was factors that influence the implementation of BPD function was that BPD still not yet understand assignment and its function that must work by BPD. The writer hope BPD in order can deep knowledge about duty and function of village consultative body in order can correct to implementation its function to be good to the future appropriate with instruction of legislation.
 Suggestion, the writer suggested necessarily special existence from the local government to the ways of arranging and make village regulation for the village government and BPD in order to be a legal product.
 
 

KOORDINASI DINAS PERTANIAN, PERKEBUNAN, PANGAN DAN HORTIKULTURA DENGAN BALAI PENYULUHAN PERTANIAN DALAM PELESTARIAN VARIETAS PADI PANDANWANGI DI KABUPATEN CIANJUR

The title of this research is �Coordination Between The Department of Agriculture, Plantation, Food and Horticultural with Agricultural Extension Center in Preservation of Rice Varieties Pandanwangi in Cianjur Regency". The problem is focused on the lack of coordination undertaken by the Department of Agriculture, Plantation, Food Agricultural with Extension Center Horticultural the resulting in lack of optimization in the preservation of Pandanwangi Cianjur rice. Identify the problem of how coordination undertaken between the Department of Agriculture, Plantation, Food and Horticulture at the Agricultural Extension Center. The research objective describe and analyze the coordination of the Department of Agriculture, Plantation, Food and Horticulture at the Agricultural Extension Centers. The methodology that used is descriptive method with qualitative approach. The data collection techniques through library research and field studies (interviews, observation). Perform data analysis using data classification phase, doing deepening through in-depth interviews and verified through a search and additions. The related informants is Section Head of Production of Rice, Coordinator of Agricultural Extension Centers, Community Conservation Pandanwangi Rice Cianjur (MP3C), Farmers Rice Pandanwangi Cianjur. The results showed that the coordination is done by the Department of Agriculture, Plantation, Food and Agricultural with Agricultural Extension Center in the preservation of rice Pandanwangi not optimal. It can be seen from the less than optimal enforcement of the rules, a lack of integration between each other, building mutual agreements as not optimal and there is some purpose yet implemented. The results are not run optimally, because of all the dimensions that have not been optimally applied research undertaken.
 Keywords: Coordination, Department of Agriculture, Plantation, Food and Horticulture and Agricultural Extension Centers, Preservation of Rice Pandanwangi Cianjur.

Predicting Clinical Risk of Torsade with qNET: Combining In Silico Computer Modeling with in vitro Ion Channel Data

The Comprehensive in-vitro Proarrhythmia Assay (CiPA) is a new paradigm for assessing cardiac safety and proarrhythmic risk of novel drug candidates. One component of CiPA is in silico modeling to generate a Torsade Metric Score (qNet). The FDA CiPAORdv1.0 model, the qNet metric and its uncertainty quantification, can predict both CiPA training and validation compounds within classification thresholds to a high degree of accuracy. The model software and the qNet calculation is available as open-source by the FDA, but has several limitations, including (1) missing data post-processing capabilities, (2) inaccessibility to PCs (i.e., lack of optimization), (3) lack of action potential visualization, and (4) a non-user-friendly interface. We have addressed all four of these concerns by including data post-processing capabilities, translating and parallelizing computationally intensive code to increase performance, giving the user the option to view action potentials for select beats, and creating a graphical user interface that allows a user to generate a qNet score for their compound if they have the raw traces from their experiments in Axon Binary Format. Review of the simulated action potentials, their behavior and their ionic current composition demonstrates the shift from an AP designed to recapitulate healthy human cell physiology to one designed as an assay for predicting safety outcomes in a human patient population. This includes an increased emphasis on the roles of HERG and an increased late sodium current possibly consistent with more vulnerable populations, such as the pregnant, elderly, or mild heart failure patients.

Potential yields and emission reductions of biojet fuels produced via hydrotreatment of biocrudes produced through direct thermochemical liquefaction

BackgroundThe hydrotreatment of oleochemical/lipid feedstocks is currently the only technology that provides significant volumes (millions of litres per year) of “conventional” biojet/sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). However, if biojet fuels are to be produced in sustainably sourced volumes (billions of litres per year) at a price comparable with fossil jet fuel, biomass-derived “advanced” biojet fuels will be needed. Three direct thermochemical liquefaction technologies, fast pyrolysis, catalytic fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction were assessed for their potential to produce “biocrudes” which were subsequently upgraded to drop-in biofuels by either dedicated hydrotreatment or co-processed hydrotreatment.ResultsA significant biojet fraction (between 20.8 and 36.6% of total upgraded fuel volume) was produced by all of the processes. When the fractions were assessed against general ASTM D7566 specifications they showed significant compliance, despite a lack of optimization in any of the process steps. When the life cycle analysis GHGenius model was used to assess the carbon intensity of the various products, significant emission reductions (up to 74%) could be achieved.ConclusionsIt was apparent that the production of biojet fuels based on direct thermochemical liquefaction of biocrudes, followed by hydrotreating, has considerable potential.

Envisioning a design approach towards increasing well-being at work

Organizational attention to increasing employee well-being (EWB) is a relatively recent phenomenon, which can be linked to the penetration of information technology, its connection to organizational performance, and millennials facing a lack of optimism about the future. Recent research in the field of management has indicated that design principles like human centeredness and holistic thinking should be applied to create better employee experiences. However, how the positive impact of design on EWB can be achieved, is underspecified in literature. In this conceptual paper, we explore complementarities and potential synergies of design principles and practices with the conditions for EWB, leading to a principle-practice-ingredient (PPI) portfolio. This portfolio can help designers of employee experiences succeed in increasing EWB through the process they apply. For instance when applying envisioning and inspiring activities that address virtue and personal significance to develop workplace tools (such as an app for teamwork around a specific task).

Applied ethics, i.e. the issue of norms and values in the choices of everyday life

Valuation and evaluation are inevitable in life. They concern both making personal choices and assessing facts. In the world where we live, ethics seems to appear only when social issues such as abortion, euthanasia or the death penalty go to the discussion. Ethics, however, is not common in the issues of everyday life, in the choices that accompany us on every level of life. In both private and public life one can notice more and more blind momentum, more and more tasks but also we set the boundary between good and evil with greater difficulty. It seems that the diagnosis regarding the axiological crisis seems more and more accurate today. The common belief that it is allowed to do so because “everyone does it” is nothing more than a mindless imitation of social behavior or just plain ignorance of ethics. According to Seneca the thing which is not prohibited by the law is prohibited by shame, it seems that today the shame, which in this sentence was a synonym of “awareness” or “ethical sensitivity” ceased to exist. The aim of this article is a brief reflection on the ethics of contemporary man, on the way how he makes choices, and actually on the basis of what he should take. The inspiration for writing this text was the author’s personal experience, which indicates the lack of optimism in assessing the moral condition of a modern man.

Refinement of the Role of Hopelessness in the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide: An Exploration in an Inpatient Adolescent Sample

Hopelessness is a well-established risk factor for suicidal ideation. Recent research has indicated that hopelessness can be split into two subsets: pessimism (PESS) and lack of optimism (LOO) and that LOO is more salient of the two in predicting suicide ideation (SI). The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of PESS and LOO to SI in the context of the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS). Participants were 294 inpatient adolescents. LOO but not PESS was associated with SI. LOO interacted with the IPTS variable of perceived burdensomeness to differentiate between passive and active SI, partly consistent with the theory. These results support the value of separating the two components of hopelessness in understanding adolescent SI.

Novel Decapsulation Method for Silver-Based Wire-Bond Semiconductor Packages With High Reliability Using Mixed Salt–Acid Chemistry

Decapsulation of Ag wire packages has gained a plethora of interest due to the replacement from Au wire packages to Ag wire packages recently and to the lack of optimization on its process. This paper presents a novel decapsulation recipe for Ag wire packages using mixed salt–acid chemistry that is applicable for industry standard needs that performs decapsulation at high temperature of 240 °C within several seconds. This method serves to decapsulate the Ag wire packages selectively, leaving the Ag wires intact.

A Low-Cost Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting Portable DNA Analyzer.

Photon-counting analysis of nucleic acids plays a key role in many diagnostics applications for its accurate and non-invasive nature. However, conventional photon-counting instrumentations are bulky and expensive due to the use of conventional optics and a lack of optimization of electronics. In this paper, we present a portable, low-cost time-correlated single photon-counting (TCSPC) analysis system for DNA detection. Both optical and electronic subsystems are carefully designed to provide effective emission filtering and size reduction, delivering good DNA detection and fluorescence lifetime extraction performance. DNA detection has been verified by fluorescence lifetime measurements of a V-carbazole conjugated fluorophore lifetime bioassay. The time-to-digital module of the proposed TCSPC system achieves a full width at half maximum (FWHM) timing resolution from 121 to 145 ps and a differential non-linearity (DNL) between −8.5% and +9.7% of the least significant bit (LSB) within the 500 ns full-scale range (FSR). With a detection limit of 6.25 nM and a dynamic range of 6.8 ns, the proposed TCSPC system demonstrates the enabling technology for rapid, point-of-care DNA diagnostics.