Khabarovsk Krai Research Articles

Распространенность и первичная заболеваемость населения Хабаровского края псориазом в зависимости от возраста по данным 2010–2019 годов

The article provides data on the prevalence and primary incidence of psoriasis in the population depending on the age structure in the Khabarovsk Krai, the Russian Federation and the Far Eastern Federal District. The annual rates of increase/decrease in the general and primary incidence of psoriasis in the population by age groups in the Khabarovsk Territory, the Russian Federation and the Far Eastern Federal District are given. Correlations were studied depending on the age distribution of the prevalence and primary incidence of psoriasis in the population.

The Influence of Salinity Gradient and Island Isolation on Fauna Composition and Structure of Aquatic Invertebrate Communities of the Shantar Islands (Khabarovsk Krai)

The Influence of Salinity Gradient and Island Isolation on Fauna Composition and Structure of Aquatic Invertebrate Communities of the Shantar Islands (Khabarovsk Krai)

Porphyry and Related Deposits of Northern Eurasia

It is hard to overestimate the economic importance of the ore deposits of the “porphyry family” and related ones, in particular, epithermal, in the modern world. These deposits are represented by industrial concentrations of a wide range of metals, mainly copper, gold, molybdenum, tin, etc. In Northern Eurasia, they are localized in terranes of different ages—from the Early-Middle and Late Paleozoic (for example, in the Urals and other segments of the Central Asian orogenic belt) to the Mesozoic (Transbaikalia), Mesozoic-Cenozoic (Pacific Ore Belt) and Cenozoic (Kamchatka). The tectonic nature of the corresponding terranes varies from island-arc and marginal-continental in connection with subduction zones along ancient convergent continental margins to post-collision segments and zones of intraplate development (tectonic-magmatic activation) of consolidated continental structures. The history of the study of porphyry copper and related deposits in Northern Eurasia covers the period from 1901 (Turya district of the Northern Urals and Kedabek deposit in Transcaucasia) to the present. In Soviet period, the largest gold-molybdenum-copper-porphyry deposits of Kounrad (Kazakhstan), Almalyk (Uzbekistan) and Kajaran (Armenia) were discovered and studied, as well as in Russia—Peschanka (Chukotka), and in the post-Soviet years—Malmyzh (Khabarovsk Krai). In the overall balance of copper reserves in Russia, porphyry copper deposits take the leading positions, second only to the reserves of sulfide copper-nickel deposits. Porphyry copper deposits play a much more significant role in the structure of the mineral resource base of copper in Kazakhstan, and the predominant one— in Uzbekistan. The main focus of this thematic issue is on gold-copper-porphyry and related deposits. In recent years, new perspectives have been opening up for studying natural associations of different types of porphyry mineralization.

Application of steel fibre reinforced concrete for ensuring concrete frost resistance of transport structures on regional and inter-municipal highways of Khabarovsk Krai motor roads of Khabarovsk region

In this paper the authors present the research results into the application of steel fibre reinforced concrete for ensuring frost resistance and durability of transport structures on regional and intermunicipal highways of Khabarovsk Krai. The object of the present research was concrete of reinforced concrete round culverts rings 3D 15.35 (GOST 24547-2016, OST 35-27.0-85), produced at the industrial and production enterprise CJSC «Khabarovsk Avtomost» in Khabarovsk. Pipe blocks are designed for use in the construction of culverts under motorway bankets (including industrial roads), built in areas with seismicity up to nine points in all climatic zones on periodically operating watercourses in the absence of ice. Concrete class on strength of compression is accepted by designers — B25, according to SP 35.13330.2011 (new edition of SNiP 2.05.03-84*) the grade of concrete matrix on frost resistance was assigned taking into account the average temperature of the coldest month in the area where the construction is planned. In the conditions of the region under consideration there are natural and climatic conditions for assigning the grade of frost resistance F300. One of the tasks solved by the authors was the selection of concrete composition taking into account qualitative features of initial local materials properties and the use of dispersed reinforcement, providing the concrete of transport structures with a given strength, frost resistance and water resistance. The authors have presented the strength determination results, frost resistance and waterproofing of steel fibre reinforced concrete with «PFM-NLK» and steel fibre for reinforced concrete round culverts rings 3D 15.35. The experimental studies results allowed to justify the use of steel fibre reinforced concrete for ensuring frost transport structures resistance on regional and intermunicipal highways of Khabarovsk Krai, which is a determining factor for increasing their durability. The obtained results are applied for the standard of the organisation development — CJSC «Khabarovsk Avtomost» — 002-2015 «Increase of frost resistance of concrete of transport constructions on regional and intermunicipal highways of Khabarovsk region».

Epidemiological and Molecular Genetic Analysis of Outbreaks of Acute Intestinal Infections in the Khabarovsk Krai in 2022

Introduction: Acute intestinal infections are amongst the most important health concerns worldwide. The majority of them are caused by viruses spread through environmental objects contaminated with feces. A high incidence of intestinal infections is registered annually in the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation. Over 50 % of cases of established etiology are induced by rota- and noroviruses. Moreover, outbreaks of viral intestinal infections are registered annually in almost all regions of the Far Eastern Federal District, including the Khabarovsk Krai. Objective: To analyze the incidence of acute intestinal infections and the results of molecular genetics testing of intestinal viruses that caused the outbreaks in the Khabarovsk Krai in the year 2022. Materials and methods: We used epidemiological and statistical methods to analyze the incidence and conducted molecular genetics testing of samples obtained from patients with acute intestinal infections and their contacts in the foci of the disease in the Khabarovsk Krai. Results: The acute intestinal infection situation in the Khabarovsk Krai in 2022 was unfavorable. The regional incidence rate was 20.6 % higher than that in the Far Eastern Federal District, with most diseases induced by intestinal viruses and numerous outbreaks registered. Our epidemiological investigation of six outbreaks revealed the fecal-oral transmission route of infection through contaminated food, household contacts and, probably, water. Molecular genetics testing of the causes of outbreaks showed circulation of norovirus genotypes GII.4Sydney[P16], GII.4Sydney[P31], GII.17[P17], and GII.6[P7] as well as rotavirus A genotypes G9P[8], G4P[8] and G3P[8] in the Khabarovsk Krai. Some of the identified norovirus genotypes had already caused outbreaks in the Khabarovsk Krai: GII.17[P17] – back in 2015 among the population of the Mnogovershinny village, GII.6[P7] – in the years 2018 and 2019 in the city of Khabarovsk, thus indicating long-term circulation of these genotypes. Conclusion: Surveillance over changes in genetic diversity of the viral population is required to evaluate contribution of various gene variants of rota- and noroviruses to the incidence of acute intestinal infections. In this regard, molecular typing of rota- and noroviruses should be performed not only when investigating disease outbreaks, but also when sporadic cases are registered.

Regional features of the development of the export potential of the timber industry of Khabarovsk Krai

In this article, the author examines methods for assessing the effectiveness of the export potential of the timber industry complex of various authors based on qualitative and quantitative criteria, factor components, taking into account the specifics of production. The advantages and disadvantages of the models are identified, and the need for author's adjustments is justified. The author calculates the assessment of export potential using the example of the Khabarovsk Territory using the models of S.A. Dubkov, which shows how to most accurately assess the effectiveness of export potential, taking into account the use of factor indicators; A.P. Gevraseva — on the basis of diversification of the region’s export activities; E.V. Volkodavova, whose model combines quantitative criteria affecting the export of products within the boundaries of an industrial enterprise; I.N. Moseyko, Yu.M. Azmina, whose model is based on a multifactor assessment of export potential, taking into account all factor-forming indicators. Based on the model of K. Pearson and C. Spearman, the author of this study has developed a model for assessing the export potential of the timber industry, which shows the effectiveness of using correlation analysis. The study of methodological approaches to assessing the export potential of the timber industry complex at the regional level and at the enterprise level shows: • how the indicators for the formation of export potential are assessed, taking into account the integral assessment of export potential at the enterprise level, which allows a more accurate assessment of the effectiveness of export potential; • how to calculate a comprehensive assessment of the internal export potential of an enterprise, based on the diversification of the region’s export activities, based on quantitative characteristics that take into account the volume of exports of products, works/services of an industrial nature, intangible assets; • how can an assessment of the effectiveness of export potential be calculated on the basis of a multifactor assessment of export potential, private indicators of export potential, which take into account the following criteria: the efficiency of production of export products (the cost of export products in domestic prices for the cost of export products, etc.); • how these methods allow us to assess the level of development of the export potential of both the region and the enterprise. As a result of the author’s development of an assessment of the effectiveness of the export potential of the timber industry complex, the following results were obtained: • a developed model for assessing the effectiveness of export potential, which shows the result expressed as a percentage of profitability indicators to the total costs of developing export potential, taking into account the impact of a combination of factors (external and internal); • the model shows how important factors are for export potential, that it is necessary to take into account each factor in order to understand how to further develop timber industry production; • which factor components have a stronger influence, which ones have a weaker influence, what should be paid special attention to in the future in order to correct the situation and optimize the processes of developing the export potential of the timber industry. The model developed by the author can be used in practice when calculating the efficiency coefficient of export potential both at the regional level and at the enterprise level, taking into account all factor components, identifying problem areas (factors) in the activities of the timber industry at the regional level.

ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ИНВАЛИДНОСТИ НА ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ ХАБАРОВСКОГО И ПРИМОРСКОГО КРАЯ

Relevance: the level of disability is an important indicator of health. The population of the Far Eastern Federal District is adversely affected by various factors, among which environmental problems play a significant role. For the successful functioning of the healthcare system and public health, one of the leading tasks is to track relevant statistical indicators for certain periods of time, to establish the causes of the prevalence of disability in the country's territories. The purpose of this work was to study the peculiarities of the prevalence of disability among the population of Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krai by conducting a comparative analysis of disability indicators in various categories: age, gender, and also depending on the cause of disability. Materials and methods. The objects of the study was Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krai. The statistical data of disability among the population of the Khabarovsk and Primorsky Territories for 2019-2022 were studied. The analysis was carried out on the basis of data from the Federal Register of Persons with Disabilities, the Federal State Statistics Service, and the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System. Results and their discussion. Based on the analysis of the frequency of disability in the regions under consideration, a decrease in the total number of disabled people was revealed. When comparing groups distributed by gender, it was revealed that the level of disability among women is higher than among men in both regions considered. Among the groups of disabled people compared by age, persons of retirement age prevail, and a smaller proportion of all disabled people are disabled children. In the dynamics of the study, the number of disabled people among young, middle-aged and retired people decreased, but the negative feature was the growth of disabled people among children of both regions. In the groups distributed according to the reasons of disability, the disability associated with common diseases was the most numerous. Conclusion. High levels of disability in the studied territories of the Far Eastern Federal District require a more detailed study of their individual causes and improvement of the health care system in these regions.

Beringian Freshwater Mussel Beringiana beringiana (Unionidae) in Northeast Asia

The origin of the fauna of Beringia is a notable biogeographical puzzle. Large mussels of the genus Beringiana inhabit both Northeast Asia and the northwestern part of North America and thus provide an important model to investigate the paleobiogeography of Beringia and the past and current intercontinental species exchanges. Data on Beringiana distribution, morphology, genetics, and taxonomy are fragmentary or questionable. In this study, we summarized the data on its distribution in Northeast Asia, performed genetic analysis (cox1), and studied the variation in the shell morphology in samples from four isolated populations, including the putative sympatric species. Over ten large enclaves of Beringiana are currently known in Northeast Asia (east to the Verkhoyansk Range), mostly in the lower reaches of large rivers in northeastern Yakutia, Kamchatka, Magadan Oblast, and Khabarovsk Krai. These enclaves are far apart (several hundreds of kilometers) because the mussel is associated with muddy sand or pebbly sand bottom substrates and spreads through its glochidia, which are parasitic on the fish. Shell morphology can be highly variable even in a single population, overlapping the diagnoses of several Beringiana species (which are currently not recognized as valid). Our analysis of the cox1 sequence in four populations identified all individuals as B. beringiana. We evaluated the possible current and probable Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene freshwater and marine pathways of B. beringiana dispersal through the area of former Beringia, including the current intercontinental migration of glochidia on fish.

Frequency of non-asthma-like symptoms of allergic diseases based on ISAAC results in adolescents of the Khabarovsk region, Russia

Background. In the course of the ISAAC standardized survey, not only asthma-like symptoms are revealed, but also other atopy symptoms, the prevalence of which in their relationship with asthma-like symptoms is of great interest for determining the likelihood of developing BA. This work presents the first study of the frequency of symptoms occurrence in school students of the Khabarovsk Territory (Russia).Materials and methods. The survey involved 696 teenagers living in the city of Khabarovsk and Khabarovsk rural district who meet the requirements of the ISAAC program method by age (13–14 years).Results. The prevalence of symptoms of allergic rhinitis in all interviewed adolescents of the Khabarovsk Territory was 69.3 %. In the group with asthma-like symptoms it is significantly higher (77.2 % versus 56.6 %). Complications in the form of conjunctivitis with non-infectious rhinitis occurred in 12.6 % of cases, and also much more often in children with asthma-like symptoms (30.1 % versus 8.9 %). Symptoms of atopic dermatitis occur in 11.8 % of adolescents, 4.6 times more often when combined with asthma-like symptoms (22 % versus 4.8 %), and localize in typical places of atopic dermatitis in 5.3 % of cases, which happens more often in case of asthma-like symptoms (11.4 % versus 3.9 %).Conclusion. Studies using the ISAAC standard continuous survey showed that prevalence of non-asthma-like symptoms of atopy among adolescents in Khabarovsk and Khabarovsk Krai is higher than in most countries where this study was conducted. The frequency and structure of non-asthma-like symptoms revealed in the course of the survey is characteristic of industrially developed countries. It should be noted that the prevalence and severity of non-asthma-like symptoms in Khabarovsk is significantly higher than in the Khabarovsk rural area, however, the symptoms of non-infectious rhinitis in the countryside are more severe.

Mineralogical and technological features of gold from placers of the southern slope of Belaya Gora (Khabarovsk Krai) and stages of its formation

The gold-placer deposit of Pokrovsky-Verny streams is formed on the southern slope of Belaya Gora (Khabarovsk Krai), where streams drain gold formations of the same-name deposit. The gold content in the waste dumps of past years often reaches commercial concentrations, which allows to be re-processed them and some of the gold goes back into the dumps. The field formed by ore and alluvial formations is a complex volcanic structure with a concentric-zone structure underlined by faults. At the initial stage of research, the goal was to determine the content of the precious metal in gravity concentrate samples from the placers, the study of the mineralogical and technological characteristics of gold going into dumps. 135 gold grains ranging in size from 10–15 µm to 3 mm were studied using an electron scanning microscope. Six main species were distinguished by composition and morphology: high-grade in the form of isometric crystals; aggregates of gold crystals with 0–29% silver admixture; dendrites with up to 41% silver admixture; grayish gold and silver amalgams; loose weishanite (Au,Ag)3Hg2 formations of gray color; aggregates of ore-bearing and nonmetalliferous minerals with gold, in which the precious metal is less than half the grain. All gold grains have a flattened shape, variably contain inclusions of clay minerals, quartz, hematite, ilmenite, magnetite, limonite. Grains of native metals and intermetallic compounds are isolated in mineral association with gold. The revealed features of gold show that the formation of the precious metal is associated with hypogenic and epithermal processes, as well as with fluid emanations coming through late deep faults. Effective gold recovery requires several stages mineral processing.

Гнездовая биология и фенотипические особенности певчего сверчка Locustella certhiola в окрестностях поселка Охотск

The biology of Pallas's Grasshoper Warbler (Locustella certhiola) in the settlement of Okhotsk vicinities in Khabarovsk Krai has been studied. The data obtained were compared with the data from the neighbouring areas inhabited either by Pallas's Grasshoper Warbler or by hybridogenic L. certhiola x L. ochotensis. The revealed nesting habitats and the body size measurements of captured birds corresponded to those of the birds from hybridogenic population from the city of Magadan vicinities. Simultaneously, the plumage colouring patterns of a large number of birds resembled those of L. certhiola. The data obtained confirm the assumption that individuals of the hybridogenic population show signs of L. certhiola to a greater extent in areas close to the main range of the species (to the west of Magadan).

ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТЬ ДЕТСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ХАБАРОВСКОГО КРАЯ В 2017–2022 ГОДАХ: СОСТОЯНИЕ И ТЕНДЕНЦИИ

The article presents data of the primary and general incidence of the children's population of the Khabarovsk Krai, depending on the age for 2017–2022 in dynamics with the study of the structure according to diseases. The incidence of children of the region in the Russian Federation and the Far Eastern Federal District is indicated. The coefficients of chronic diseases among children of various ages, as well as disability among children among child population, are considered.

The Genetic Features and Flotation Properties of Porphyry–Copper–Gold Ore (Malmyzh Deposit, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia)

The Genetic Features and Flotation Properties of Porphyry–Copper–Gold Ore (Malmyzh Deposit, Khabarovsk Krai, Russia)

Research Activity as a Management Factor Innovative Development of the Far East

Modern economic thought inextricably links economic growth with the development and implementation of innovations. At the moment, in Russia, due to the ongoing foreign policy events, the problem of managing innovative development has acquired the greatest urgency. The basic factor of managing the innovative development of the country and regions is research activity. One of the most promising regions for its development is the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the purpose of the study is a comprehensive assessment of the state and effectiveness of research activities as a factor in managing the innovative development of the Far Eastern Federal District, determining its strengths and weaknesses and potential for growth as a driver of innovative development of the region. The research methodology is based on the theoretical analysis of the main scientific provisions related to the management of the national innovation system, as well as research activities as the main factor of its development. The statistical data on the state of research activities in Russia, the Far Eastern Federal District and other federal districts, as well as rating assessments, served as an informational and empirical basis for the study. The scientific novelty of the study consists in a comprehensive assessment based on the selected criteria of the state and role of research activity as a factor in managing the innovative development of the Far Eastern Federal District, determining its strengths and weaknesses and possible potential for growth. The study showed a significant lag in the research activity of the Far East from the average Russian values, which indicates its low level of development. The current contribution of the Far Eastern Federal District to the most important indicators of innovative development of the federal districts of the Russian Federation is quite small, which indicates the insignificant role of the region in the innovative development of the country. At the same time, the innovative development of the Far Eastern Federal District and the state of its research activities have a high potential for growth, which can be realized through the planned management of such advanced regional innovation centers emerging in the region as Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai and Sakhalin Oblast.

The Potential of the Khabarovsk Krai, Jewish Autonomous Region and the Amur Oblast for Fluorite Mineralization

The Potential of the Khabarovsk Krai, Jewish Autonomous Region and the Amur Oblast for Fluorite Mineralization

SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUS DISTRIBUTION OF TICK-BORNE INFECTIONS IN THE SOUTH OF THE FAR EAST

The medical-geographical analysis of spatially heterogeneous distribution of tick-borne infections in the south of the Far East was provided. The cartographic analysis of the spread of infections was carried out on the basis of literary materials and statistical data of Rospotrebnadzor on the incidence of tick-borne diseases. Statistically significant spatial clusters with a high level of morbidity with different local confinement were identified. The high levels of morbidity were found in the south of the Khabarovsk Krai and the Jewish Autonomous Oblast for Siberian tick typhus, in the central part of the Khabarovsk Krai for tick-borne borreliosis, and in the southwest of the Zabajkalsky Krai for tick-borne encephalitis.

Scenario Approach to Adaptation of Forest Ecosystems in the Russian Federation under Climate Change

Correlations between the quantitative values of abiotic factors associated with climate change and the criteria for the vulnerability of forest ecosystems for 24 model subjects of the Russian Federation have been established. A high degree of closeness of the relationship between climatic parameters and forest fires was revealed for forest ecosystems in the Center and the South of Russia, as well as Eastern Siberia. Using a matrix model for positioning the adaptive potential of a single regional forest ecosystem, clusters with the most vulnerable to climate change groups of regional forest ecosystems were identified. The application of the developed methodology for the analysis of regional complexes of forest ecosystems made it possible to establish that there is a shift in the indicators of their adaptive potential to the lower limit of their sustainability (Arkhangelsk, Leningrad, Voronezh, Tyumen, Irkutsk oblasts, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Khabarovsk krai). Based on the study and clustering of model federal subjects according to the level of adaptive potential, differentiation of management decisions and forestry measures for enlarged territorial objects, including various federal subjects, was carried out in order to maintain and strengthen the adaptive potential of forest ecosystems. Measures for adapting forest ecosystems to climate change can be implemented in the context of three scenarios: forest management with elements of reactive adaptation to climate change for stable forest ecosystems, implementation of the forestry adaptation strategy to climate change for unstable forest ecosystems and restoration and maintenance of ecosystem functions of forests for degrading forest ecosystems.

New Species of Macromycetes for Regions of the Russian Far East. 4

The paper continues a series of publications devoted to the new finds of macrofungi (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) in regions of the Russian Far East. A total of 77 species of macromycetes are reported for the first time from 7administrative units of the Russian Far East: Amur Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Magadan Oblast, Sakhalin Oblast, Kamchatka Krai, Khabarovsk Krai and Primorskiy Krai. 13 species are reported as the first records for the Russian Far East, and 4 (Calycina subtilis, Cistella fugiens, Lachnum roridum and Lasiobelonium horridulum) are new for Russia. For some of the rare species, notes are given about the main differences in morphology and ecology, about the features of distribution. The identification of Jahnoporus brachiatus is confirmed by molecular genetic data, and this specimen was isolated into pure culture. The material was deposited in ABGI, LE, MAG, SVER, TOB, VLA herbaria as well as in the Yu. Rebriev (YuR) and A. Shiryaev (Shiryaev) personal collections.

Этапы развития школы ультразвуковой диагностики на Дальнем Востоке

The article is focused on the history of the development of the school of ultrasound diagnostics in the Russian Far East and specifically in the medical organizations of the Khabarovsk Krai. The period covered is from 1980 to the present. The author notes the specialists who were at the origins of the new specialty, the organization of the educational process and scientific work on the basis of the Postgraduate Insitute of Public Health Workers in Khabarovsk, the promotion of the ultrasound diagnostic method to other regions of the Russian Far East. In the last part of the article, the author notes the number of trained specialists for 2002–2022, as well as the geography of students

Возможности совершенствования профилактики агрессивного поведения у больных параноидной шизофренией

The aim of the study was to identify the individual and personal characteristics of patients with schizophrenia, which determine the commission of violent crimes (murders, causing of grievous bodily harm in victims). The study was conducted on the basis of the psycho-neurological dispensary department No. 2 of the Regional Clinical Psychiatric Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai. As a result of comparing the individual psychological characteristics identified in the group of patients with schizophrenia, it turned out that there are statistically significant differences in personality traits in patients undergoing compulsory treatment after committed violent crimes and patients being treated due to an exacerbation of psychoproductive symptoms. The results obtained can be used to improve the system of prevention of crimes committed by patients with schizophrenia