Kaempferia Galanga Research Articles

Ethnoeconomics of Plants as Traditional Medicine (Ethnomedicine) and Food (Ethnoculinary) of the Bastem Indigenous Community in Luwu Regency

Ethnoeconomics is the study of the economic value or use of biological resources by an ethnic group and becomes wisdom. The aim of the research is to inventory the types of plants used as traditional medicine and food by the Bastem indigenous people. The methods used in the research were observation, interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), and literature study, while the sample collection technique used purpose sampling. This type of exploratory research uses a PRR (Participatory Rural Appraisal) approach. The sample criteria used were community leaders and traditional healers. The research data, which is respondents' emic data, is presented in tabular form, then analyzed descriptively and compared with scientific data based on Google Scholar, Sinta, and Research Gate sources. The results of the research show that the types of plants with the economic value used by the Bastem indigenous people as traditional medicine (ethnomedicine) are bangle, galangal, aromatic ginger, white turmeric, coffee leaves, avocado leaves, castor leaves, banana shoots, cat's whiskers, bitter gourd, guava leaves, papaya leaves, lemongrass and ciplukan, while the plants used as food by indigenous communities (ethnoculinary) are grouped into staple foods, vegetables and side dishes, traditional cakes and my day's food. Staple foods include sokko, limestone, corn porridge, sweet potato rice, banana rice and banana sokko. Vegetables and side dishes include green vegetables, burak, and nasu kadundung. Traditional cakes include putu pesse, tori cake, and baruasa. My daily food includes baurasa, gogos, and tumbu'.

Kaempferol attenuates carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis by promoting ASIC1a degradation and suppression of the ASIC1a-mediated ERS

BackgroundKaempferol is a flavonoid derived from the herb, Kaempferia galanga L., in addition to exhibiting a wide range of pharmacological properties, kaempferol is also an anti-inflammatory, anti-lipid metabolizing, and anti-oxidative stress agent. The underlying molecular mechanisms of its effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are yet unknown. Activated HSCs induces VEGF release and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation which are important factors in hepatic fibrosis. PurposeOur aim is to explore how kaempferol may affect hepatic fibrosis and the mechanisms behind its effects. MethodsThe in vivo model was Sprague-Dawley rats induced with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Histological staining was used to observe histological features of the liver. The levels of (alanine aminotransferase) ALT and (aspartate aminotransferase) AST were detected by the corresponding kits. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was used to stimulate the HSC-T6 rat hepatic stellate cells. The mechanisms underlying this process were investigated using a variety of molecular approaches, including immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and western blotting. Moreover, intracellular Ca2+ were observed by laser confocal microscope. ResultsIt was found that kaempferol significantly reduced the expression of ASIC1a, VEGF, α-SMA and Collagen-I proteins in a model of CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. In HSC-T6, kaempferol inhibits activation of HSCs by decreasing expression of ASIC1a, eIF2α, p-eIF2α and ATF-4. Laser confocal fluorescence showed that kaempferol inhibited Ca2+ influx and reduced Ca2+ concentration around the endoplasmic reticulum. Molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) results further indicated that kaempferol interacted with ASIC1a. We found that kaempferol may promote the degradation of ASIC1a and inhibited ASIC1a- mediated upregulation of ERS. ConclusionThe data from our in vivo experiments demonstrate that kaempferol effectively attenuates hepatic fibrosis. In vitro studies we further propose a novel mechanism of kaempferol against hepatic fibrosis which can interact with ASIC1a and promote ASIC1a degradation while inhibiting the activation and VEGF release of HSCs by suppressing the ASIC1a-eIF2α-ATF-4 signaling pathway.

A MINI REVIEW ON ZINGIBERACEAE FAMILY AS ANTIDIABETIC PLANTS: ACTIVE INGREDIENTS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTIONS

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia that occurs due to abnormalities in insulin secretion. Therapy using conventional anti-diabetic drugs is associated with serious side effects, and herbs to maintain chronic disease if conventional drugs not adequate. The purpose of this article review is to find out information about plants of the Zingiberaceae family that have anti-diabetic activity with the mechanism of action of ? -glucosidase enzyme inhibition, ? -amylase enzyme inhibition, and increased GLP-1 levels. The sources used consisted of 27 journals and reviewed 9 research journals originating from Google Scholar, Pubmed, NCBI, Elsevier, Science Direct with a span of under 10 years. The articles were then analyzed using the systematic literature review method, by collecting, evaluating, and developing research on a particular topic. From several studies conducted, the results showed that plants from the family that have antidiabetic activity include Zingiber officinale (ginger), Curcuma longa (turmeric rhizome), Curcuma aeruginosa (temu hitam), Curcuma zanthorrhiza (curcuma), Zingiber cassumunar (bangle), Kaempferia galanga (kencur), Alpinia galanga (lengkuas), Etlingera elatior (kecombrang, honje), and Elettaria cardamomum (kapulaga). Keywords: Antidiabetic; Diabetes Mellitus; Zingiberaceae

Acute Toxicity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome

The Kaempferia galanga L. (KG) rhizome has a long history of being used as a variety of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, sedative, antibacterial, and anti-cancer compounds. The KG rhizomes have the potential to be an effective complementary medicine, but their use must be completely safe. This study examines the acute toxicity of the ethyl acetate fraction of KG (EAFKG) with parameters of blood chemistry value, and liver and kidney histological morphology. 40 DDY strain mice, consisting of males and females with weights ranging from 20-35 g, were used in this study. The mice are divided into four groups for each sex. Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 received the EAFKG at a dose of 0.128; 0.64; 3.2; and 16 g/Kg BW, respectively, and were administered orally. Observations are carried out for 24 hours. The levels of serum creatinine, AST, and ALT were detected with a clinical spectrophotometer. According to the test results, both male and female mouse groups had no fatalities. The EAFKG rhizome is practically non-toxic (LD50 > 15 g/Kg BW). There is no significant difference in AST, ALT, and serum creatinine levels at any dose group than the control group. EAFKG administration affects liver and kidney cells at high doses but does not cause lethality.

Efficiency Analysis of Aromatic Ginger Farming (Kaempferia galangal L.) in Kudus Regency, Indonesia

Farm efficiency were influenced by the use of inputs as well as production factors to manage a farm. The study aimed were to analyze technical, allocative, and economic efficiency of Aromatic Ginger Farming (Kaempferia galangal L.) in Kudus Regency. Survey was used in this research. The research location was chosen purposively, based on biggest production in Kudus Regency, namely Dawe District and Jekulo District. Determination of respondents was using quota sampling, with 180 respondents. Data was analysed using analysis of technical, allocative, and economic efficiency. The results illustrate that Aromatic Ginger farming was technically efficient with an average technical efficiency value of 0.9962. The production elasticity value of 0.979 means that the production scale was in a reasonable condition.

Validation of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Quantification of Ethyl p-Methoxycinnamate in Kaempferia galanga Extract

Validation of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Quantification of Ethyl p-Methoxycinnamate in Kaempferia galanga Extract

Antibacterial Effectiveness Test of Kencur Rhizome Ethanol Extract (Kaempferia galanga L.) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Indonesia is a country with abundant biodiversity. Increased bacterial resistance Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus antibiotics require alternative treatment, one of which is medicinal plants. Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) is a medicinal plant that contains saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins, which can inhibit bacterial growth. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of kencur rhizome ethanol extract (Kaempferia galanga L.) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This research is an experimental laboratory design post-test only control group design. The rhizomes of kencur were extracted using 70% ethanol and tested for antibacterial activity using the well method. There were 6 groups in the study, namely the positive control group using ciprofloxacin, the negative control using distilled water, kencur rhizome ethanol extract concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. The largest diameter of the inhibition zone was found at a concentration of 100%, with an average of 10.18 mm in the bacteria Escherichia coli and 22.47 mm in the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of kencur rhizome (Kaempferia galanga L.) can inhibit the growth of bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Molecular Identification of Trichoderma Isolates and Their Effect in Combination with Zyngiberaceae Extracts on Maize Downy Mildew Incidence and Plant Growth

Research was done to molecularly identify Trichoderma isolates and to study the effect combination of Trichoderma isolates and Zingiberaceae extracts on downy mildew intensity as well as the growth of maize. The experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with three replicates. The experiment consisted of combination between Trichoderma isolates (no Trichoderma, East Lampung isolate, and Plant Clinic isolate) and Zingiberaceae extracts: ginger/jahe (Zingiber officinale), turmeric/kunyit (Curcuma longa), lengkuas (Alpinia galanga), galangale/kencur (Kaempferia galanga), temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza), and temu hitam (Curcuma aeroginosa). Variables observed were disease incidence, incubation periode, plant height, and dry matter weight. Data were analyzed using analyses of variance and the difference between means were tested using LSD test at 5% significant level. Based on molecular identification, both Trichoderma isolates (East Lampung isolates and Plant Clinic isolate) are Trichoderma asperrelum. The results showed that combination of T. asperellum isolates and Zingiberaceae extracts lowered the disease incidence of maize downy mildew, prolonged the incubation period, increased plant height and dry matter weight. The best result was shown by combination of T. asperellum isolate from NTF East Lampung and tumeric extract.

Traditional Indonesian Medication Combats COVID-19

In Indonesia, the number of cases infected with Covid-19 peaked between mid-June and August 2021, resulting in the denial of hospital treatment to some people due to insufficient capacity. Therefore, people treat themselves by using natural ingredients. This study aims to identify plants that can treat Covid-19 with self-medication. This study took a description approach to investigate people using traditional herbs in self-medication for COVID-19 recovery. Snowball sampling is the approach used. Interviews and an online system (gform) were used to collect data. The number of samples collected allows for a more thorough analysis of the 104 respondents. The results showed that women (51.0%), people aged between 56 and 65 (52.9%), Banten residents (32.7%), secondary education (57. 7%), and people with comorbidities (86.5). %) were all interested in using traditional herbal medicine. Reduction of symptoms and results of laboratory tests were used to measure recovery. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (7-14 days to recovery), diabetes mellitus (15-21 days to recovery), and cardiovascular disease (7-14 days and 15-21 days to recovery). The Zingiberaceae family dominates traditional herbs. The most widely used traditional ingredients are Empon-Empon, which consists of red ginger, turmeric, nutmeg, aromatic ginger, bay leaves, lemongrass, galangal, cinnamon, and cloves. The average healing time is 7-14 days (32.7%). In conclusion people who utilized herbal medicines reported a speedy recovery and reduction in the severity of their symptoms.
 Keywords: Covid-19, Empon-Empon, herbal medicine, self-medication, traditional ingredients

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANT USAGE DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A COMMUNITY-BASED SURVEY IN INDONESIA

Before the availability of a vaccine, Indonesian population relied on traditional medicines to prevent COVID-19. Any species used by indigenous people could lead to further investigations in modern pharmacology, to preserve ancient knowledge, and to plan for plants’ conservation. The study aimed to discover and record species, methods of preparation, route of administration, and motivation in using medicinal plants by the Indonesian population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants of survey were selected from the people who live in Java and Bali for responding to an online structured questionnaire. Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) was employed in the quantitative analysis of the collected data. The pharmacological relevance of the five plants with the highest RFC was further reviewed. The results showed that respondents used 59 plants from 28 families. Five species with the highest RFC were Curcuma longa (0.707), Zingiber officinale (0.674), Cymbopogon citratus (0.269), Kaempferia galanga (0.174), and Curcuma zanthorrhiza (0.165). Most plants were prepared by boiling (77.97%) and administered orally as a single ingredient or mixed with other herbals. Respondents believed that the plants were beneficial as immune-booster (71.26%), maintain good health (24.85%) and stamina (12.28%), and prevent viral infection, including COVID-19 (5.39%). The most commonly used plants might be scientifically based to boost immunity. However, their usage against COVID-19 and the medicinal value of herbal mixtures should be further investigated.

KARAKTERISTIK AKSESI KENCUR (Kaempferia galanga L.) BERDASARKAN KOMPONEN MINYAK ATSIRI PADA DUA LOKASI YANG BERBEDA

Rhizome with high productivity and content of bioactive ingredients is the hope to be achieved from the cultivation of galanga (Kaempferia galanga L.). Galanga is used traditionally as a medicine for stomach ulcers, colds, headaches, coughs, diarrhea, facilitating menstruation, skin diseases, and rheumatism. Production of secondary metabolites is influenced by environmental factors and the place of growth. This study aims to determine the effect of the growing environment from two different locations on the essential oil content and its constituent components from the rhizome of the galanga accessions. The samples observed were nine accessions of galanga harvested at 6 months which were planted in the Bogor, namely Darmaga (L1) and Cisarua (L2) with a altitudes of 214 m asl and 780 m asl with different agro-climatic conditions. The accessions tested included Purbalingga (PBG), Cilacap (CLP), Purworejo (PWJ), Karanganyar (KRA), Pacitan (PCT), Madiun (MAD), Galesia 1 (GAL 1), Galesia 2 (GAL 2), and Galesia 3 (GAL 3). GAL 1, GAL 2, and GAL 3 are high yielding varieties of galanga that have been released by the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia and used as comparisons based on their essential oil content. Observations were made on the levels of essential oils and their constituent compounds using GC-MS (Gas Chomatography-Mass Spectroscopy). Differences in growing places affect the content of essential oils and their constituent components from the rhizome of the galanga accession. Environmental factors that influence are sunlight and water availability. The highest essential oil content (3.78%) was obtained from the MAD accession planted in Cisarua (L2) and the highest EPMS compound (34.74%) was obtained from the PCT accession planted in Darmaga (L1). There were 73 compounds detected with four main components, namely delta-3-carene, pentadecane, ethyl cinnamate, and ethyl p-methoxy cinnamate (EPMS).

Kajian Penggunaan Biji Saga Merah (Adenanthera pavonina L.) Terhadap Sifat Kimia dan Organoleptik Sambal Pecel

Pecel sauce is served as a complementary seasoning, to adding additional flavor. Pecel sauce is made by mixing ground peanuts, palm sugar, garlic, chilies, lime leaves, aromatic ginger. In this study, peanuts were substituted and replaced with red saga seeds, so the pecel sauce was not prone to rancidity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red saga seeds on fat content, protein content, and organoleptic of pecel chili. The use of red saga seeds is as much as 0% (Fa), 25% (Fb), 50% (Fc), 75% (Fd), and 100% (Fe). The results of this study are the increasing use of red saga seeds, the lower the fat content, the higher the protein content, and the lower the preference level.

Effects of atmospheric dust particles on common medicinal plants in an industrial area of West Bengal, India.

The exposure of atmospheric dust particles on four common medicinal plants (Ocimum sanctum, Andrographis paniculata, Catharanthus roseous, and Kaempferia galanga, which are available in the study area and cultivated by the local people for medicinal purposes) affects their growth, levels of essential biochemical constituents and heavy metal concentration. The plant species were grown by pot cultivation in an industrial area with high levels of coal dust to assess the capacity of heavy metals accumulation in their leaves and changes in allometry and biochemical parameters. The results showed that annual average SPM and dustfall varied between 195.88 to 645.97 μg/m3 and 17.55 to 41.16 g/m2/month, respectively. Dustfall at different polluted sites was 2.4, 2.1, 1.5, 1.4, and 2.3 times higher than at the control site. The most prevalent heavy metal in atmospheric particulate matter was Zn, followed by Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, and Cd. Plant allometry measurements such as height, stem width, root length, petiole length, and leaf area are shown to have a strong and significant (p<0.05) negative correlation with dustfall and SPM. Total chlorophyll and RWC were inversely proportional to the dust load present in all the species. Except for Andrographis paniculata, chlorophyll and leaf-extracted pH of plant species were moderately correlated with APTI, whereas no correlation was noticed for ascorbic acid. A positive correlation between SPM and heavy metals in leaves was observed. The results implied that the cultivation and collection of medicinal plants from the study area could be potentially toxic to human health.

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF CURCUMIN EXTRACTED FROM SELECTED ZINGIBERACEAE SPECIES AS POTENTIAL HALAL ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENT

The ginger family (Zingiberaceae) includes plants with a distinct smell and taste that are commonly used as spices in the kitchen, but also in a variety of industries (pharmaceutical, medical, and cosmetic) due to their demonstrated biological activity. This study describes the antibacterial activity of curcumin extracts from selected species of Zingiberaceae family namely “temu emas” (Curcuma zeodoria). “temu kunci” (Curcuma manga), “temu pauh” (Curcuma amada), “lempoyang” (Zingiber zerumbit) and “cekur” (Kaempferia galangal). Extracts of these compounds were studied on Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218), Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC 14028), Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) and Aspergilus brasiliensis (ATCC 16404). Turbidity is taken as an indication of growth, thus the lowest concentration, which remains clear after macroscopic evaluation is taken as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In conclusion, amongst the studied members of Zingiberaceae, temu emas curcumin natural pigment extracts showed the best antibacterial activities against E. coli ATCC 35218 (2 µg / µL), S. typhimurium ATCC 14028 (2 µg / µL), C. albicans ATCC 10231 (2 µg / µL), A. brasiliensis ATCC 16404 (2 µg / µL) and S. aureus ATCC 25923 (3 µg / µL). The outcome of this research will be contributing towards new natural carotenoid pigment sources as potential active pharmaceutical ingredients which can be beneficial to halal health-promoting products industry.

Effect of cocoa husk Criollo tea on hypercholesterolemia in animal model

Organic waste is a problem the cocoa industry has to handle. The industry produces a lot of cocoa bean husk, also called Criollo cocoa husk. Cocoa bean husk is an underutilized cocoa waste that contains bioactive components in the form of phenols and flavonoids. Processed cocoa bean husk can be brewed as a functional beverage. &#x0D; The research objective was to test cocoa husk tea for sensory properties, bioactive components, and impact on blood cholesterol. This study used a randomized experimental design with six repetitions. Sensory data were processed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (α = 0.05) to determine the difference in sensory properties between each formulation of cocoa husk tea.&#x0D; The sensory evaluation involved 30 untrained panelists who gave the highest score to the formulation with 62.5% cocoa bean husk, 25% lemongrass, and 12.5% aromatic ginger, which could also reduce 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals (IC50 = 264.8675). The animal test showed that the cocoa husk formulation produced no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05) in pre- and post-treatment, but was able to keep cholesterol within normal limits.&#x0D; Cocoa bean husk showed health benefits by its antioxidant properties and ability to control blood cholesterol.

Biodegradable antifungal films from nanocellulose-gellan gum incorporated with Anethum graveolens essential oil for bread packaging

Biodegradable material incorporated with antifungal essential oil has become an alternative food preservation approach to reduce plastic waste. Essential oils of Amomum testaceum, Anethum graveolens, Piper longum, Kaempferia galanga, and Zanthoxylum limonella were tested for their antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. A. graveolens essential oil demonstrated the highest inhibition zone diameter of 43.51 mm against A. niger after seven days comparing to those obtained from other essential oils ranging from 10.02 mm to 26.13 mm. The volatile compounds of A. graveolens essential oil were identified with major compounds such as carvone, trans-dihydrocarvone, limonene, and α-acorenol. The pineapple nanocellulose-gellan gum (PNC-GG) films incorporated with A. graveolens oil were formulated and tested for its physical and chemical properties. Addition of A. graveolens essential oil in PNC-GG films improved mechanical strength and decreased flexibility while solubility, water vapour permeability, and thermal stability slightly changed. PNC-GG films incorporated with A. graveolens essential oil were also tested as bread packaging inhibiting A. niger. The results indicated that no visible mycelial growth of A. niger was detected during 3-week storage. Therefore, the PNC-GG films incorporated with A. graveolens essential oil were recommended as biodegradable packaging material against A. niger in bread also extending its shelf life.

Preliminary Screening of in vitro Kaempferia galanga Oil for Anti-Proliferative Activities Against HeLa and MCF-7 Cell

Background Kaempferia galanga, commonly known as aromatic ginger, is a potential herb with high medicinal value and is used to treat many diseases like diabetes and asthma. Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and spread throughout the body. Nowadays, medicinal plants are used for their essential oil activities, including anti-cancerous effects. Objectives The aim of this study is to establish a method for screening in vitro oil cytotoxic effects. Materials and Methods Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with growth regulators like benzyladenine, kinetin, indole-3-acetic acid, adenine sulfate, and naphthalene acetic acid was used for plantlet production. The in vitro regenerated plants were studied for rhizome oil extraction using Clevenger’s apparatus and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, followed by their cytotoxicity study against human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction (MTT) assay. Results Upon analysis, it has been found that this medicinal plant contains ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC) (56.41 ± 0.34%) as a vital compound in its rhizome oil. The validation of cytotoxicity in both cell lines was done by treatment with rhizome oil concentrations ranging from 6.25 to 100 µL, respectively. The IC50 value was found to be 44.18 ± 0.65 µL/mL in HeLa and 72.94 ± 0.26 µL/mL in MCF-7 cells after 24 h of incubation. Conclusion The results of this study would be helpful for this important medicinal plant to be used by pharmaceuticals in the treatment of cancer.

Kaempferia galanga L. extract and its main component, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, inhibit the proliferation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells by suppressing TFAM expression

Kaempferia galanga L. shows anti-cancer effects; however, the underling mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanism of the anti-cancer effects of Kaempferia galanga L. Kaempferia galanga L. rhizome extracts (KGEs) suppressed Ehrlich ascites tumor cell (EATC) proliferation by inhibiting S-phase progression. The main component of KGE is ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EMC), which exhibits the same anti-proliferative effect as KGE. Furthermore, EMC induced the downregulation of cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21. EMC also decreased the expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) but did not significantly change mitochondrial DNA copy number and membrane potential. Phosphorylation at Ser62 of c-Myc, a transcription factor of TFAM, was decreased by EMC treatment, which might be due to the suppression of H-ras expression. These results indicate that EMC is the active compound responsible for the anti-cancer effect of KGE and suppresses EATC proliferation by regulating the protein expression of cyclin D1 and p21; TFAM may also regulate the expression of these genes. In addition, we investigated the anticancer effects of KGE and EMC in vivo using EATC bearing mice. The volume of ascites fluid was significantly increased by intraperitoneal administration of EATC. However, the increase in the volume of ascites fluid was suppressed by oral administration of EMC and KGE. This study provides novel insights into the association between the anti-cancer effects of natural compounds and TFAM, indicating that TFAM might be a potential therapeutic target.

Plants as herbal medicine at Nguter Traditional Market, Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Mardiyanto MB, Foresty RS, Arlysia V, Chorunissa ZFN, Nugroho GD, Yasa A, Setyawan AD. 2023. Plants as herbal medicine at Nguter Traditional Market, Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol 6: 65-74. In Indonesia, herbal medicine (jamu) is a traditional medicine found in traditional markets, including the Nguter Traditional Market. This research aims to identify the species of herbs and plants sold at the Nguter Traditional Market and provide readers with useful information should they purchase them. The study was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 at the Nguter Traditional Market in the Sukoharjo District of Central Java, Indonesia. The method employed involved direct interviews with the market administration staff and 36 herbal medicine traders at the Nguter Traditional Market. Primary data was obtained through interviews, while secondary data was sourced from literature studies. The data were analyzed descriptively. The research revealed that the Nguter Traditional Market sells as many as 40 herbal plant species from 23 families. The most common herbal plants sold at the market include cipir (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.), dawung (Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr), kunir (Curcuma longa L.), jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), and kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.). The most expensive medicinal plants sold at the market are mesoyi (Cryptocarya massoia (Oken) Kosterm.), pekak (Illicium verum Hook.fil.), and kapulaga (Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton), which are sold for IDR 300,000 per kilogram. The stem is the most commonly used part of herbal medicine. Herbal plants are widely used to treat coughs, inflammation, and flu. Overall, the research provides valuable information for readers interested in purchasing herbal medicine at the Nguter Traditional Market.

STUDI ETNOBOTANI TANAMAN OBAT SEBAGAI PENCEGAH STUNTING OLEH MASYARAKAT WALI NAGARI SIJUNJUNG KABUPATEN SIJUNJUNG, SUMATERA BARAT

Stunting is the impaired growth and development that children experience from poor nutrition, repeated infection, and inadequate psychosocial stimulation. Children are defined as stunted if their height-for-age is more than two standard deviations below the WHO Child Growth Standards median. Malnutrition that occurs during pregnancy can lead to stunting which usually appears after the baby is 2 years old. One of the efforts to prevent stunting is consuming a balanced nutritious diet. Many plants and herbs have good nutritional value that can prevent stunting. Plants that have nutritional value can be processed into food that can prevent stunting. This research is a qualitative descriptive method, research has been carried out with the stages of compiling research objectives, observations, interviews, documentation. This research was carried out to answer the need for information related to plant data used to prevent stunting by the community in Wali Nagari, Sijunjung Regency, West sumatera. There were 41 residents in Wali nagari as respondents. The plants most commonly used by the community in Wali Nagari as stunting prevention plants are cassava leaves, spinach leaves, legumes or nuts, katuk leaves, aromatic ginger, kelor leaves, temulawak, pegagan or gotu kola leaves, etc