Involution Process Research Articles

ОКСИДАНТНЫЙ СТРЕСС В ОРГАНИЗМЕ КОРОВ И ПЕРВОТЕЛОК В ПАТОГЕНЕЗЕ МЕТРИТА В РАННИЙ ПОСЛЕРОДОВОЙ ПЕРИОД

The data established in the course of this work reveal the pathogenesis of metritis in fresh cows and first-calf heifers in the early puerperal period against the background of oxidative stress, in farms of various organizational and legal forms of ownership of the Volgograd, Saratov regions and the Chechen Republic of the Russian Federation. The use of indicators of the system "lipid peroxidation - antioxidant protection" (LPO-AOD) for the diagnosis of metritis in fresh cows and first-calf heifers has a high predictive reliability and, on this basis, the development of preventive measures for acute inflammation of the uterus. It was revealed that the increase in the amount of β-hydroxybutyric acids and their fractions (AcAc and BH) by 5.9 times, as well as mixing the content of buffer bases in the blood to 18.41 ± 1.53 mmol / L, glucose to 2.25 ± 0 , 16 mmol / l and the VL / AcAc index up to 1.53 ± 0.28 indicate abnormalities in metabolic metabolism characteristic of oxidative stress, with symptoms of postpartum acute metritis. It was confirmed that a 1.75-fold increase in the amount of manol dialdigide in this disease up to 1.125 ± 0.34 μmol / l, intermediate products of ketodienes, as well as conjugated trienes in the blood of fresh animals. Acute postpartum metritis in first-calf heifers and fresh-calf cows leads metabolic processes to a negative balance, increased release of estradiol and testosterone into the blood. Meanwhile, the content of cortisol (21.4 ± 3.47 ng / ml), as well as progesterone (11.2 ± 4.31 ng / ml) remains rather insignificant to ensure metabolic processes in the early pueperal period, which is associated with the completion of in the genitals of involutional processes. At the same time, the indicator of the ratio of progesterone to estradiol is significantly lower in heifers and cows with uterine disease in the primary postpartum period than in animals with its physiological course ranging from 1.8 to 2.2 times. The materials of the current work should be taken into account in the future, in the study of fresh cows and first-calf heifers suffering from acute postpartum metritis, as a concept for the development of the oxidative stress syndrome in such a pathology of metabolic processes.

Postpartum involution of mouse myometrium under conditions of acute toxic hepatosis

The goal of the research was to study the structural processes of postpartum myometrial involution of C57Bl/6 mice in conditions of acute CCl4-induced hepatosis. The study was conducted on 60 female C57Bl/6 mice. Animals were divided into 2 groups: 1st – mice of the control group with physiological pregnancy, 2nd – pregnant mice with acute CCl4-induced hepatosis. The main mechanism of the process of postpartum involution of the myometrium of C57Bl/6 mice was clasmacytosis, that was morphologically represented by the presence of cytoplasmic conglomerates in the interstitium, and to a lesser extent myocyte apoptosis. More pronounced manifestations of the processes of involution were observed in the subserous muscle layer, smaller changes were observed in the vascular muscle layer and least of all in the subvascular (submucous) muscle layer. The myometrial involution processes in C57Bl/6 mice under conditions of acute CCl4-induced hepatosis slow down and do not end by the 10th day of the postpartum period, in contrast to mice of the control group.

Pengaruh Senam Nifas terhadap Proses Involutio Uteri

Postpartum mothers are afraid to do many movements. If mothers do early ambulation, it can facilitate the process of uterine involution. In Kampung Baru Health Center, there has never been a Puerperal gymnastics class. This research is aim to clear out the effect of puerperal gymnastic on the uterine involution process to postpartum mothers. It uses a quasi-experiment design and Pretest and posttest control group design. The sampling technique uses an accidental sampling technique. The instrument in this study is the o bservation sheet, l eaflet, and g ymnastics g uide . Statistical test using the Mann Whitney test. Before performing puerperal gymnastic, the average of the Fundal Height (Tinggi Fundus Uteri) of the intervention group was 10.9 cm, and the average of Fundal Height of the control group was 10.9 cm. The statistical test results with the Mann Whitney test obtained p-value = 0.457, which means there is no difference in the average the Fundal Height between the intervention group and the control group. Whereas after childbirth exercise, the average of Fundal Height of the intervention group was 0.9 cm, and the average of Fundal Height of the control group was 7.3 cm. Statistical test results with the Mann Whitney test obtained p-value <0.001. To sum up, there is an effect of puerperal exercise on uterine involution speed. Suggestions for Puskesmas Kampung Baru, especially the midwives, are to provide postpartum gymnastics services for postpartum mothers to accelerate uterine involution

The effect of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact on the involution process and maternal postpartum fatigue during the early postpartum period

ABSTRACT Evidence has been limited on the effect of mother-infant skin-to-skin contact on the involution process and maternal postpartum fatigue. This study aimed to determine such effects in a randomized controlled trial conducted in a hospital in Sivas, Turkey. Seventy-five women were randomized into one of two groups. The Mother-Infant Information Form, Involution Process Evaluation Form and Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue were used to collect data between October 1, 2015 and May 1, 2016. Repeated Measures ANOVAs were used for data analyzes. In the intervention group, routine care and mother-to-infant skin-to-skin contact were provided for 30 minutes in first postnatal hour. In the control group, routine care was provided. At the postnatal second, fourth and 24th hours, fundus heights were 13.4 ± 0.3, 12.9 ± 0.3 and 11.8 ± 0.3 cm, respectively, in the intervention group, and 14.4 ± 0.4, 13.8 ± 0.3 and 12.9 ± 0.3 cm in the control group (p < .05). At the 24th hour, women in the intervention group had higher mean energy levels (29.8 ± 10.1) than the control group (25.1 ± 10.0) (p < .05), and fatigue score, amount of lochia and number of pads were statistically similar between the groups (p > .05). Mothers expressed satisfaction with skin-to-skin practice. Thus, mother-to-infant skin-to-skin contact can be used as a care practice in the postpartum period.

PERSONAL SELF-DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL EDUCATION: THE TRANSFORMATION OF VALUES AND IDENTITY

The article discusses the issues of pedagogical support for personal self-development and the problems of human self-development, acting as one of the leading trends in improving education and training in thecontext of globalization of the modern world and modern education. It considers the limitations and opportunities(pedagogical resources) of additional and global education in the field of personal self-development and theimplementation of pedagogical ideas of Russian and foreign scientists. Global education is a complex idea that helpsa person better understand the world. Thanks to global education, a person can comprehend the problems of relationsbetween peoples and other social groups, the problems of war and migration, the problems of corruption and socialjustice, the problems of poverty and homelessness, the bioethical and biotechnological problems of mankind, theproblems of ecology and culture, science and art, the problems of gender relations and generations, career and professional issues, science and education, other global aspects. He can comprehend them in the context of internationalrepresentations. In addition, he can touch the “timeless” Vedic knowledge of his ancestors about the unity of theuniverse, its laws, etc. This can be done both through contact with the Vedic sources and texts proper, and in thecontext of understanding the ideas of modern cosmic scientists. Global (as Vedic) education is able to transform theway people understand themselves and the world, it helps them (trans) to shape themselves and the world in the mostharmonious, authentic and congruent way. This will naturally manifest itself in the transformation of values andidentities of pupils and students facilitate the proactive participation of people and their mutual learning andupbringing in the process of solving significant problems for their community and the context of the evolution ofhumankind, preventing and blocking involutionary processes.

PENGARUH BUDAYA TERHADAP TRADISI NYANDA PADA IBU NIFAS DI DESA CIPINANG KECAMATAN RUMPIN BOGOR JAWA BARAT TAHUN 2018

Background: Based on the results of the IDHS (2012) maternal mortality rate of 359 / 100,000 KH caused by bleeding and infection. And according to MOH (2011) the incidence of uterine subinvolution was 28%. Objective: To find out whether there is an influence of nyanda (immobilization) tradition on postpartum mothers with uterine involution process in Cipinang Village, Rumpin Bogor District, West Java in 2018 Methodology: This study uses Quasi-Experiment Design. This design is two groups, the first group is given nyanda tradition treatment called experiment and the second group is not treated with nyanda tradition called control. Sampling technique: Consecutive Sampling. Research instruments: information sheets for concent, observation sheets, and metlin. The study measured the height of the uterine fundus from days 1 to 4 of postpartum mothers. The population is 44 postpartum mothers and a sample of 40 respondents. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney Test because the data distribution was not normal and fulfilled the test requirements. Research Results: Based on the results of the analysis get a value of 0.747 and greater than the value of 0.05. Conclusions and Suggestions: Then there is influence of culture of the nyanda tradition. Nyanda tradition should not be done even though the results of this study have no effect, because nyanda is the same as not mobilization, so that it can affect uterine involution during childbirth.

Effectiveness of Early Exercise Against Uterine Involution in Spontaneous Postpartum Patients

Background: It is estimated that 50% of puerperal mortality occur within the first 24 hours. At this time the involution process occured. Involutionary disorders cause complications which is the leading cause of maternal mortality. Most of postpartum women do not obtain exercise guidance after giving birth. They are only advised to do simple mobilization without planned guidance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of early exercise against uterine involution (fundus and lochea). Methods: The research used quasi experimental (pre-post test non equivalent control group design). It was conducted from January to June 2019. The samples were 40 respondents spontaneous primiparous postpartum mother. The study was started by 1) divided the samples into control group and treatment group, 2) measured the fundus and lochea, 3) provided early exercise on treatment group, 4) re-measured fundus and lochea in both groups, 5) analyzed the effectiveness of early exercise to fundus and lochea expenditure decrease. The data analysis used Mann Whitney with α = 0.05. Results: The results showed p-value of 0.000 (fundus) and 0.001 (lochea). Conclusion: Early exercise is effective in accelerating decrease in fundus and lochea expenditure as it helps blood circulation to the uterine, which causes the uterus to contract well. Good contractions help narrowing of open blood vessels so that bleeding does not occur, decreases in uterine fundus and lochea expendment take place more rapidly. Keywords: early exercise; uterine involution; spontaneous postpartum

Effectiveness of Early Exercise Against Uterine Involution in Spontaneous Postpartum Patients

It is estimated that 50% of puerperal mortality occur within the first 24 hours. At thistime the involution process occured. Involutionary disorders cause complications whichis the leading cause of maternal mortality. Most of postpartum women do not obtainexercise guidance after giving birth. They are only advised to do simple mobilizationwithout planned guidance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectivenessof early exercise against uterine involution (fundus and lochea). The research methodused Quasi Experimental (pre-post test non equivalent control group design). It wasconducted from May to August 2017. The samples were 40 respondents spontaneousprimiparous postpartum mother. The study was started by 1) divided the samples intocontrol group and treatment group, 2) measured the fundus and lochea, 3) providedearly exercise on treatment group, 4) re-measured fundus and lochea in both groups, 5)analyzed the effectiveness of early exercise to fundus and lochea expenditure decrease.The data analysis used Mann Whitney with α = 0.05. The results showed p value is 0.000(fundus) and p value are 0.001 (lochea). It means that early exercise is effective againstuterine involution (fundus and lochea). The results can provide positive contribution inpreventing maternal mortality caused by puerperal complications.

Metamorphosis from local knowledge to involuted disaster knowledge for disaster governance in a landslide-prone tribal community in Taiwan

This study aimed to elucidate local knowledge that might be used to reduce disaster risks and what, if anything, changes when local knowledge is influenced by external knowledge. Qualitative data drawn from semi-structured interviews and a workshop were analyzed to study a Taiwanese indigenous tribal community. We found that disaster experiences sharpened people's abilities to detect changes in terrain, hydrology, flora, and fauna, thereby enabling them to identify disaster risks. This local knowledge could improve early warning of an impending disaster. People also used invisible local knowledge (e.g., social relations and experiences) to build their capacities to respond to disasters. We propose involuted disaster knowledge as a new type of knowledge that integrates local knowledge with scientific knowledge through an involution process. Therefore, involuted (local) disaster knowledge functions to interpret the government's perspective based on the reality known to the local people, which could help governmental disaster management succeed in meeting community-level needs. It also functions for understanding the language used by community residents, which minimizes power inequalities in the disaster governance process. We recommend recognizing local knowledge and using it in disaster management because it might help to effectively reduce the negative effects of natural disasters. Involution could help expand local knowledge's capacity for changing the environment that further benefits both local people and the government. Participatory workshops are recommended for integrating local knowledge and governmental scientific-based knowledge as well as formulating disaster risk management with community characteristics.

CLINICO-MORPHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF ENDOMETRIAL POLYP PATHOGENESIS IN POSTMENOPAUSE

To study hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF-1α expression in endometrial polyps (EP) considering their clinical-morphological and immunological features during postmenopause. A complex clinical and laboratory examination of 120 postmenopausal patients was carried out. 90 of them developed EP, whereas 30 had morphologically unchanged endometrium. Immune histochemical (ICH) testing was used to evaluate HIF-1α expression in epithelial and stromal cells of polyps in adjacent and control endometrium. A complex of the most significant risk factors in EP genesis such as high rate of inflammatory disorders of genital organs (IDGO), extragenital, metabolic and endocrine disorders and intrauterine contraception (IUC) was found. High expression of HIF-1α in epithelial cells and in the area of inflammatory infiltrate of glandular fibrous EP stroma was established as compared with control endometrium. HIF-1α expression in epithelial cells and in the area of inflammatory infiltrate of EP glandular fibrous stroma against the background of inflammatory, metabolic and endocrine, immunological changes and age-related involutional processes indicated local hypoxia. Epigenetic changes can develop in the processes of proliferation and apoptosis and in the processes that control neoplastic transformation. The obtained data can provide grounds for patient-tailored EP therapy in postmenopausal patients.

Infantile hemangioma: an update in the topical and systemic treatments.

Infantile hemagiomas (IH) are the most common soft tissue tumors in infancy. They are characterized by significant growth during the first months of life, followed by slow spontaneous involution over the ensuring years. The process of involution takes several years, but usually the regression of most of the tumors ends at 4 years of age. Unfortunately, some of the IH develop complications, resulting in functional impairment, pain and disfigurement. The decision to start treatment and the choice of the best therapeutic option (topic or systemic) should be individualized depending on several factors: the size of the lesion, the location, the presence of complications such as ulceration, the risk of scarring or disfigurement, the age of the patient, the rate of growth or regression at the time of diagnosis, the risks and benefits of the treatment, the availability of the medication, the costs, and the experience of the attending physician.

Invited review: Accelerating mammary gland involution after drying-off in dairy cattle

Bovine mammary gland involution, as a part of the reproductive cycle in dairy cows, is a very important remodeling transformation of the mammary gland for the subsequent lactation. There is considerable incentive to accelerate mammary gland involution to improve udder health, shorten the dry period, and simplify the management process by reducing dietary changes. The complex process of mammary involution is characterized by morphological changes in the epithelial cells and mammary tissue, changes in the composition of mammary secretions, and changes in the integrity of tight junctions. Involution is facilitated by elements of the immune system and several types of proteases and is coordinated by various types of hormones. This review first describes the involution process and then argues for the need to accelerate it. Last, this review focuses on various intervention methods for accelerating involution. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of bovine mammary gland involution as well as potential techniques and new opinions for dry cow management.

Improvement in post-partum uterine involution in rats treated with Apios americana.

Apios americana, a plant used as a staple ingredient of native American diets, has various properties, including anti-cancer, anti-hyperglycemic, hypotensive, and anti-inflammatory activity. In Japan, Apios is used as a post-natal medication. After parturition, women undergo a period of recovery as they return to pre-pregnancy conditions. However, few health products that aid post-partum recovery are on the market. We explored whether Apios can accelerate the post-partum recovery process, in particular the involution of the uterus. Female rats kept in individual cages were mated with two male rats, with the exception of the control group (female rats without mating, on basal diet; n=6). After delivery, rats were divided into five groups based on their diet: basal diet (model; n=6); basal diet+oral intake at 5.4 g/kg of Chanfukang granules (a Chinese patent medicine preparation for post-partum lochia) (positive; n=6); basal diet containing 10% Apios powder (low; n=6); basal diet containing 20% Apios powder (medium; n=6); basal diet containing 40% Apios powder (high; n=6). Five days later, uteri and spleens were weighed. Uterus and spleen indices for each rat were calculated by dividing visceral weight by the total weight. Hormone and cytokine concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Histological analysis of uteri was completed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and inhibitors in uteri was measured by western blotting. Our results showed that Apios treatment reduced the post-partum uterus index and regulated the hormone concentrations. Moreover, we found that the process of uterine involution was accelerated, based on morphological changes in the uterus. In addition, our results indicated that Apios alleviated the inflammatory response induced by the involution process. Transforming growth factor β was also found to be regulated by Apios. There were significant downregulation of matrix metalloproteinases and upregulation of their inhibitors by Apios, which suggested that Apios increased the rate of the collagen clearance process. These results, based on experimental observations at the molecular and protein levels, verified our hypothesis that Apios can improve uterine involution, and demonstrated the potential application of Apios in post-partum care.

Peculiarities of hormonal homeostasis in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with menopausal disorders

According to WHO, now on the planet 46% of women are over the age of 45 years, among women in Ukraine – this is almost half (13.2 million). Of these, 46-68% suffer from climacteric syndrome. An increase in the duration of a healthy life and prolongation of the age of working capacity acquire not only medical, but also socio-economic significance, both in Ukraine and in other European countries. Therefore, the aim of the study was a comprehensive (involving pituitary, ovarian, adrenal and thyroid hormones) hormonal examination of women of peri- and postmenopausal age with menopause syndrome to identify the most likely hormonal predictors of this pathology. For this purpose, 64 women of perimenopausal and postmenopausal age with menopause and 42 healthy women of the same age categories had a study of the concentration of pituitary (LH, FSH, prolactin), ovarian hormones (estradiol, progesterone, testosterone), thyroid hormones (TSH, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4)) and adrenal glands (DHEA-s, cortisol) in blood plasma. Hormones were determined using a set of test systems from “Immunotech” (Czech Republic-France) using the radio-immune method. Comparisons of the quantitative data of the two related groups (before and after treatment) were made using Wilcoxon signed rank test. When differences were detected, pairwise group comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney test. In women of perimenopausal and postmenopausal age with menopause syndrome, compared with healthy women of the same age groups, a significant increase in gonadotropin levels (LH by 3.7 and 3.0 times, respectively; FSH by 1.6 and 1.9 times) and a decrease indicator of prolactin in 1.5 and 1.2 times; estradiol 1.2 and 2.2 times and testosterone 2.9 and 2.4 times. A significant decrease in progesterone by 1.9 times occurred only in the group of postmenopausal women with menopause syndrome. In women of perimenopausal and postmenopausal age of the main group, a significant decrease was found in comparison with the control of DHEA-s levels by 1.3 times and 2.2 times, respectively; cortisol 1.2 and 2.0 times; TSH is 2.6 times and 2.0 times, respectively, however, thyroxine tended to increase (the probability p&lt;0.05 was valid only for women of perimenopausal age). Thus, in postmenopausal women with menopausal syndrome, hormonal imbalance is more pronounced, indicating a deep atrophy of hormone-dependent tissue receptors and, as a result, a deepening of involutive processes.

THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE ACCIDENTAL INVOLUTION OF THE THYMUS AT THE EXPERIMENTAL CANCEROGENESIS

The development of tumors in the body is a powerful factor in the dysfunction of the immune system. The features of involution processes in the thymus in experimental carcinogenesis are due to impaired metabolism in the body as a whole and the production of lymphoid cells with altered functions. The purpose of the study is to summarize data from modern scientific literature and own research on the accidental transformation of the thymus and the reaction of its cellular structures against the background of experimental carcinogenesis with the development of a mammary gland tumor, stress and the combined effect of these factors. Based on the analysis, it was found that dendritic and mast cells of the thymus respond most actively to tumor growth and stress. Morphometric parameters and changes in organ's cytoarchitecture correspond to the phases of the development of accidental involution, which is most pronounced with the combined effect of two factors. A significant role in these processes belongs to biogenic amines and hormones. The introduction of carcinogens leads to a structural reorganization of the gland: the lobules become more elongated, the interlobular spaces increase, the thickness of the cortical and the area of the medulla increase. There is a decrease in the number of S-100+-cells, an increase in the number of mast cells with a predominance of degranulated and completely devastated forms. The level of histamine in the cells of the pre-medullar area decreases in 1,3 times, in the thymocytes of the cortex and medulla in 1,7 times. Along with the change in the level of biogenic amines, there is a decrease in the ratio of their ratio, which indicates an increase in the functional activity of cells. Against the background of stress, as an additional factor that depresses the immune system, there is a pronounced disorganization of the thymus lobes: a decrease in the thickness of the cortical and the area of the medulla, expansion and filling of the interlobular connective tissue septa with adipose tissue. The number of dendritic cells also decreases and the content of degranulated and completely devastated forms of mast cells increases, the level of histamine significantly decreases in all structures. Thus, data from the literature and our own research indicate that the combined effect of carcinogenesis and stress leads to more pronounced changes in the structure of the thymus in the process of accidental involution and the structural specificity of its manifestations.

Алгоритм надання допомоги жінкам з лейоміомою матки в післяпологовому періоді

Purpose — to examine the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for providing relief to women with leiomyoma in the postpartum period. Patients and methods. We analyzed the algorithm developed by us for providing support to women with leiomyoma uterus, which was prescribed from the first days of the postpartum period. 100 women with leiomyoma of the uterus were screened for the 5–6th day of the postpartum period and 3 months after childbirth. Women were divided into 2 groups: 50 women entered the 1st group (main), which received the complex of treatment-prophylactic measures developed by us; in the 2nd group (control) 50 women from the uterine leiomyoma who did not receive this complex entered the group, but only symptomatic therapy. The results obtained were compared in these groups. Results. The algorithm proposed by us for the treatment of pregnant women with leiomyoma of the uterus contributed to a faster reverse development of the changed parameter of the hormonal, hemostasis, immunological, microbiological homeostasis of this category of mothers, which in turn affects the acceleration of the involutionary processes, a longer and more complete process of lactation, a faster restoration of the menstrual function in comparison with a group of women who received only the usual treatment. Conclusions. The proposed algorithm for providing medical care to women with leiomyoma in the postpartum period contributes to preventing the progression of the disease, preventing its recurrence, which in turn helps to preserve the reproductive function of women with leiomyoma in the uterus and, therefore, allows it to be recommended for its use in this category of pregnancy.

Influence of probiotics on histostructure of the bursa of Fabricius in broiler chickens

The article deals with the data on the influence of probiotic preparation BPS-44 and 2% yeast Saccharomyces cerеvisiae on the histostructure of tissues of the cloacal sac (bursa of Fabricius) of broiler chickens. The conducted histological researches have shown that in chickens of the control group at the end of the experiment in the cloacal sac were revealed intraepithelial microcystic cavities, but in the medullary substance of the lymph nodes, necrotic changes are recorded and glandular structures are formed, indicating an insufficient level of lymphopoiesis. The use of these probiotic preparations to broilers from the experimental groups during the period of their growth in the ration caused a normalizing effect on the morphostructure of the cloacal sac and, in particular, on the action of 2% yeast Saccharomyces cerеvisiae. It is evidenced by the absence of the formation of microscystic cavities in the epithelial layer of the cloacal sac (signs of slowing down the processes of age involution). In this case, the lymph nodes are numerical, the division into cortical and medullar substance is clear, they were densely populated with lymphoid elements, indicating the possibility of forming an adequate immune response in the poultry of this group.

Proxemics in Computer Skills Training of Persons in Their Late Adulthood

Abstract Edward T. Hall presented three aspects of the perception of space: the infra-, pre-, and microcultural dimensions. This theory is the basis of an analysis rooted in years of experience in conducting computer skills training courses for seniors. Proxemics has great importance in IT education of seniors in all three dimensions: infra-, pre-, and microcultural. In the infracultural aspect it ought to be assumed that there exist some fundamental discrepancies arising from the differences between generations. That is why it is necessary to ensure that there is a common understanding of perspectives and relations with the virtual world of the generation of teachers (Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants) and the students (Digital Foreigners, Digital Aliens) that is decisive in the effectiveness of the computer skills training courses. In the precultural aspect it is crucial to take into account the involutionary processes that condition the perception and the learning of seniors. The deteriorating hearing, eyesight, as well as the lowered acuity of other senses may lead to a number of difficulties in seniors’ computer skills training. In the microcultural aspect, in turn, what is perceived by seniors as a positive element is the social distance with the correct arrangement of classroom space which may at the same time allow the students to coarrange the learning space.

Abstract ES2-2: Breast cancer's metastatic moment: How postpartum tissue involution facilitates progression

Abstract Virginia F. Borges* and Pepper J. Schedin*# Young Women's Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado*, and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health &amp; Sciences University, Portland, Oregon#. Young women diagnosed with breast cancer (YWBC) have worse outcomes than older women, however the reasons remain poorly understood. The two dominant hypotheses, centered on tumor cell intrinsic and extrinsic biology respectively, appear in conflict. One hypothesis emphasizes the role of poor prognostic factors increased in young patients, such as ER-, PR- and Her2- disease. A second theory posits that host biology related to reproductive history drives poor outcomes, independent of tumor biologic subtype or size. However, studies addressing the roles of pregnancy in breast cancer risk and outcomes can appear discordant. Consequently, metrics of reproductive history are not always included in standard risk assessment tools, nor utilized to optimize treatment strategies. This education session is focused on bridging the gap between these two theories. Specifically, our data shows that tumor intrinsic risk factors for breast cancer progression are significantly modulated by reproductive biology and support the incorporation of reproductive history into clinical care decisions. There is a strong connection between reproductive history and risk of metastasis in breast cancer. Epidemiologic studies find a recent, but not concurrent, pregnancy to be an independent risk factor for breast cancer metastasis. Our own studies find a ∼3 fold increase in metastases in patients diagnosed postpartum (PPBC). Further, we and others find the postpartum risk-window persists for ≥10 years after child birth. Finally, interactions between breast cancer subtype and pregnancy history are observed, supporting roles for both tumor cell intrinsic and extrinsic biology in driving metastasis in young women. To investigate the mechanism of postpartum host biology on tumor progression, we developed rodent models of PPBC. We find the physiologic process of weaning-induced mammary gland involution to support immune suppression, tumor cell dissemination, and tumor cell access to vasculature — concerted processes that lead to breast cancer metastasis. In a prospective clinical trial, we developed a cohort of healthy, recently nursing women, and find similar tumor-promotional hallmarks in the human breast. Newly identified postpartum liver biology may also shed insight into metastasis in young women. We recently reported weaning-induced involution in the rodent liver. Further, the rodent involuting liver is highly permissive to breast cancer outgrowth. Potential relevance to women is suggested by a first-site-of-metastasis study in YWBC patients. Postpartum patients were at increased risk for liver metastasis, but not lung, brain or bone. Finally, our data showing normal mammary gland involution to be a COX-2 mediated process has led to preclinical modeling of NSAID based PPBC prevention and treatment strategies. Translating NSAID interventions to young women is potentially high-impact, as ∼50% of all YWBC patients are diagnosed within 10 years of their last pregnancy, putting them into an under-recognized, high risk, poor prognostic group. Citation Format: Schedin P. Breast cancer's metastatic moment: How postpartum tissue involution facilitates progression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES2-2.

The use of Bone Tissue Non-Steroid Anabolizators in Treatment of Osteoporosis

Pathogenesis of OP in aged women is complicated enough and depends on many exogenous and endogenous factors. Ageing process is accompanied by involutive processes almost in all tissues and systems of the body. All these age-related changes lead to lesions of hormonal status, reproductive/regenerative system, especially in combination with negative endogenous factors. In this study we presented data about optimization of the treatment of osteoporosis in elderly people with cognitive disorders using anabolizators of bone tissue based on entomological hormones of drone brood. Our studies showed that it is possible not only to stop osteoporosis but also to reduce its severity as well as reduce the risks of fractures and cognitive disorders.