Introduction Of Innovative Technologies Research Articles

INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A PYLON STATION OF THE METRO BASED ON THE EXPERIENCE OF USING NATM

Purpose. For quite a long time, the metro station of the pylon type of deep contour interval was considered an underground structure that no longer has development potential. However, after the introduction of innovative technologies during the construction of the Dnipro metro, in particular the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), this design is being used again and has developed further use. The purpose of the scientific article is to analyze innovations in the technology of construction of a three-vaulted pylon metro station from precast reinforced concrete using NATM, which require scientific justification. Methodology. In order to achieve the goal, the traditional technology of constructing a deep contour interval pylon station was revised. An analysis of the features of NATM, which allow it to be used during the construction of a pylon station in strong rock, has been carried out. A step-by-step analysis of the construction of the station was implemented with the involvement of mathematical modeling based on the finite element method. For this purpose, a number of finite-element models of each stage of construction of a pylon-type station have been created. After the numerical analysis, the indicated models were adjusted in accordance with the changes associated with the new construction technology. Findings. The value of the stress-strain state of the pylon station was obtained during the numerical analysis of each stage of construction. Stress analysis proves the possibility of applying innovative construction technology in the case of a pylon station. Originality. On the basis of the performed numerical analysis of the phased construction of a pylon station based on NATM, dependencies were obtained that allow revising the existing concept of the construction of this type of station in strong rocks. The obtained data justify the application of NATM and release the potential of the analyzed underground structure. Practical value. The substantiation of the innovative technology based on NATM allows expanding the scope of its application and successfully carrying out the construction of such complex underground facilities.

DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN CONSTRUCTION AND CIVIL ENGINEERING IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE UKRAINIAN ECONOMY

Purpose. Construction and civil engineering, traditionally perceived as conservative industries, also feel the need to adapt to the demands of the time and introduce innovative technologies. Ukraine, entering the era of digital transformation, is actively developing and implementing new technologies in the construction industry. Therefore, systematization and coverage of key aspects of the impact of digital Transformation into the construction industry and civil engineering in Ukraine is the main task today. Methodology. The introduction of Internet of Things technologies in the construction industry expands the possibilities of building control and management. Findings. Sensors located in different parts of the structures allow you to monitor the condition of the building in real time, identify possible problems and ensure the safety of objects. Artificial intelligence is becoming an integral part of the digital transformation of construction. Machine learning algorithms help predict and optimize construction processes, which increases Efficiency of planning and resource management. The 3D printing system in construction is one of the promising and revolutionary innovations that is already influencing traditional approaches to construction processes. This digital technique will bring significant changes to the field of construction, accelerating and optimizing a number of stages from design to execution Originality. Analysis of current problems, especially now, in the difficult times of war, industrial construction in Ukraine, as well as around the world, is a promising direction for the development of other industries in general. Industrial construction is an important branch of the construction industry that specializes in the creation and operation of buildings and infrastructure facilities for industrial needs. Practical value. The introduction of innovative technologies in construction and civil engineering in the context of digitalization of the Ukrainian economy has a significant practical impact on various aspects of the industry: Improving Construction Productivity and Quality: Use of digital technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), allows you to increase the efficiency of construction processes, reduce the time of work and avoid errors; Cost optimization: Using machine learning algorithms to predict resource needs, such as materials and labor, allows you to rationalize costs and reduce construction costs.

Improving the calculation module for estimating pollutant emission from conventional and hybrid regional aircraft

For the aviation sector, it is extremely important to devise revolutionary solutions in the field of technology to restrain the potential impact of civil aviation on the environment to the level of the established strategic goals of ACARE (FlightPath2050). The introduction of innovative technologies (improvement of the combustion chamber, the introduction of electric hybrid power plants on airplanes, and the use of alternative aviation fuel) will ensure the sustainable growth of air transportation. To assess the effectiveness of advanced technologies, it is extremely important to have a model for calculating global/local emissions that takes into account the parameters of the flight path of conventional and hybrid aircraft, operational characteristics of the aircraft engine and hybrid powerplant, and the features of sustainable fuel. The improved module for calculating emission indices by combining the module for calculating the parameters of the flight path and the results of calculating the thermogas-dynamic calculation of the aircraft engine makes it possible to detect the influence of fuel consumption (engine thrust) on the values of the emission indices. This feature is representative for evaluating the efficiency of hybrid powerplants because the electrification of the aircraft fleet is primarily aimed at reducing fuel consumption. The analysis of simulation results reveals that the fuel consumption and EINOx are significantly reduced (for the climb stage – 25 %; for the descent stage – 30 %) for the hybrid AN26 compared to the conventional AN26. The specified operational measure, in the part of the low-pitch descend, significantly reduces EICO for the hybrid AN26 by an average of 50 % compared to the descend stage for the conventional trajectory. The results of calculations for the entire flight path demonstrate that the use of a hybrid power plant for An26 contributes to an average reduction of fuel consumption by 10 %, NOx emissions by 25 %, water vapor emissions by 10 %, and CO2 by 10 %.

SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES AND KEY ASPECTS OF THE MODEL OF IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Objective. To study and analyse various scientific methods and approaches to the introduction of the latest technologies into the production processes of industrial enterprises and to develop an effective model of innovative technologies. Methods. The following methods were used to achieve the goal and solve the above tasks: data analysis and synthesis - the article analyses various data, including sociological surveys, economic forecasts of the National Bank of Ukraine, and other important indicators; comparative analysis - comparing the current situation with previous years to assess economic recovery; comprehensive review and strategic analysis - describing the strategic directions of innovative transformations and industrial development, as well as considering the main models of innovation; forecasting. Results. The importance of introducing digital technologies in the management of industrial enterprises is substantiated, the contribution of enterprise resource planning systems and analytical tools to responding to market changes and optimising supply chains is emphasised. The necessity of an integrated approach to the introduction of innovative technologies in industrial management in Ukraine, taking into account the specifics of the enterprise, organisational culture and existing technological processes, as well as the need for continuous evaluation and optimisation of innovations, is determined. Scientific novelty. A model for the introduction of innovative technologies into the production management system of industrial enterprises has been developed, which allows for the comprehensive integration of modern innovative technologies with traditional management practices. This model helps to optimise production processes, increase the efficiency of enterprises and ensure their competitiveness in the global market. The article also proposes a comprehensive approach to studying the impact of innovation on the industrial sector in post-war Ukraine, taking into account internal and external factors affecting innovation processes, and focusing on the role of technological innovation for the country's economic recovery. Practical significance. The results of our study can be used to develop strategies and methods that can be applied in various areas of economic and industrial activity in Ukraine, especially in the context of recovery from the military conflict. The main areas of application include the industrial sector, economic policy and planning, and enterprise resource management. The article emphasises the importance of applying modern management approaches and digital technologies in the process of enterprise resource management, which can be useful for managers at all levels and can contribute to further research in the field of innovative development and management activities in industry, in particular in the context of digital transformation.

State regulation of agricultural sector based on the example of cultivation of industrial crops in the Zhetisu region of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The goal is to study the mechanisms of state support for agricultural sector (using the example of industrial crops in the Zhetisu region), analyze the current state of agro-industrial production in the Republic of Kazakhstan, consider problems and ways of their solution. Methods – theoretical basis of the work consists of the works of foreign and domestic scientists; the analysis method assesses the development of agro-industrial complex of the Zhetisu region, regulation of the price level for industrial crops and food. Using the statistical method, conclusions on the current situation and prospects for their production. The modeling method made it possible to form effective model for managing agricultural sector. Results – problems associated with raw materials orientation of agricultural sector, incomplete utilization of production capacity, low level of introduction of innovative technologies and technical equipment slow down the pace of development of agricultural industry. Ways to solve these problems have been outlined: proposals aimed at improving the availability of financing for small businesses through investing in agricultural infrastructure and expanding the network of production and service cooperatives, increasing the efficiency of state support for agricultural economy of the Zhetisu region have been prepared. Conclusions – the main scientific principles obtained during the study can be used as information and analytical material for the development and implementation of effective policies for cultivation, processing and sale of industrial crops in the region. Natural and labor resources will allow the region to become self-sufficient in food supply. The main directions of modern state policy for regulating agricultural production are indicated: creating conditions for maintaining sustainable growth in demand for food products and raw materials; creation of infrastructure, system of wholesale and retail markets; support of price system that satisfies the population's demands for food.

Benchmarking digital displays (monitors) for histological diagnoses: the nephropathology use case

AimThe digital transformation of the pathology laboratory is being continuously sustained by the introduction of innovative technologies promoting whole slide image (WSI)-based primary diagnosis. Here, we proposed a real-life benchmark...

Differentiation of physical means of recovery and increase of workability of 16- 17-year-old biathlists in the preparatory period

The article represents the definition of the method of differentiated application of physical means of recovery to optimize the training process of young biathletes. It is emphasized that modern requirements for competition and training results of training biathletes require wide use of various means of recovery. Equally important is the use of a complex of recovery tools during the training of young biathletes to optimize the training process and enhance the health-improving effect of classes. In connection with the fact that recently there has been a growing demand for training loads, which are characterized by a decrease in the reserve capabilities of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, the muscular system, according to many authors, is one of the most important factors in the prevention and timely physical recovery of functional body systems. Along with this, the problem of using various means during the training of young biathletes is quite relevant in connection with the training Olympic reserve. The methodological basis of the research is a complex of approaches (task, activity, results), principles (scientific, connection between theory and practice, activity), methods (general scientific research methods are applied, in particular analysis and synthesis; content analysis). The goal is to increase the effectiveness of the training process based on the introduction of innovative technology of differentiated use of means of recovery and improvement of working capacity. Conclusions. Reasonable means of recovery and performance improvement, which correspond to the structure of weekly microcycles of various types and are based on the identified dynamics of fatigue and recovery processes, are highly effective, which is confirmed by the higher level of studied indicators during all days of the training microcycle and forms the basis of innovative technology. The effectiveness of the use of restorative complexes in the structure of the basic mesocycle is confirmed by a significantly higher rate of change in the athletes of the experimental group.

Implementation of Innovative Technologies During the Modernization of Existing Level Crossings for High-Speed Train Traffic

Implementation of Innovative Technologies During The Modernization of Existing Level Crossings for High-Speed Train Traffic Purpose. The main purpose of the study is to review innovative technologies for improving safety at the intersection of railways and roads. The object of research is the processes of functioning – railway crossings with different intensity and parameters of traffic, which require solving a fairly wide range of theoretical, practical and organizational tasks. Methodology. The study is based on the theory of mathematical modeling and numerical methods of computer calculations. The subject of the study is indicators that allow to assess the state of safety after modernization or new design solutions. Findings. A model of an improved method of the final coefficient is proposed, which allows predicting changes in the initial data and obtaining different values of the final coefficient, and thus planning measures to introduce innovative technologies that improve traffic safety at level crossings. Closing railroad crossings or switching to a two-level intersection of railroad and road (overpasses) is the only way to completely eliminate the risk. However, it is virtually impossible to close all railroad crossings immediately. In addition to financial and practical constraints, user convenience should still be a key factor. Using hierarchy, brainstorming, and other methods, a reliable set of indicators can be identified to assess and ensure the overall safety of passengers and vehicles related to all aspects of the design, construction, maintenance, and operation of the rail network. The introduction of innovative technologies during the modernization of existing level crossings is an important step towards organizing high-speed train traffic. These technologies will increase the level of traffic safety at railroad crossings and protect people's lives. Originality. The scientific and applied problem of introducing innovative technologies during the modernization of existing level crossings for the organization of high-speed train traffic has been solved. Practical value. The implementation of a sound technology for the modernization of existing level crossings will provide a significant increase in traffic safety and throughput.

AVAILABILITY OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENT IN PUBLIC OBSTETRIC AID ORGANIZATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

One of the main fields of state policy in the field of healthcare is the development of infrastructure. The infrastructure in the state’s healthcare system is associated with huge investments in the development of new treatment methods and the construction of new medical facilities, as well as the provision of up-todate medical devices. The actuality of the chosen topic lies in the fact that practice shows the development of domestic healthcare, as well as the provision of medical care to the population, being determined by the availability level of medical equipment in medical organizations. The purpose of the review: To study the availability of medical devices in public obstetric aid organizations in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Methodology: The paper used analysis of the data from public obstetric aid organizations in the Republic of Kazakhstan concerning the availability of medical equipment for 2022 for 9 types of medical devices. Results: This review provides analytical information on the availability of medical equipment in public obstetric aid organizations in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Conclusions: As a result of the analysis, the insufficiency of medical equipment in public obstetric aid organizations in the Republic of Kazakhstan is noted. Therefore, in the course of implementing new projects for the construction of healthcare facilities, equipment issues are solved by increasing the current percentage of medical devices and availability of new medical devices through the introduction of innovative technologies, which in turn positively affects the quality of medical care to the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Assessment of Advanced Diagnostic Bronchoscopy Outcomes for Peripheral Lung Lesions: A Delphi Consensus Definition of Diagnostic Yield and Recommendations for Patient-centered Study Designs. An Official American Thoracic Society/American College of Chest Physicians Research Statement.

Background: Advanced diagnostic bronchoscopy targeting the lung periphery has developed at an accelerated pace over the last two decades, whereas evidence to support introduction of innovative technologies has been variable and deficient. A major gap relates to variable reporting of diagnostic yield, in addition to limited comparative studies. Objectives: To develop a research framework to standardize the evaluation of advanced diagnostic bronchoscopy techniques for peripheral lung lesions. Specifically, we aimed for consensus on a robust definition of diagnostic yield, and we propose potential study designs at various stages of technology development. Methods: Panel members were selected for their diverse expertise. Workgroup meetings were conducted in virtual or hybrid format. The cochairs subsequently developed summary statements, with voting proceeding according to a modified Delphi process. The statement was cosponsored by the American Thoracic Society and the American College of Chest Physicians. Results: Consensus was reached on 15 statements on the definition of diagnostic outcomes and study designs. A strict definition of diagnostic yield should be used, and studies should be reported according to the STARD (Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) guidelines. Clinical or radiographic follow-up may be incorporated into the reference standard definition but should not be used to calculate diagnostic yield from the procedural encounter. Methodologically robust comparative studies, with incorporation of patient-reported outcomes, are needed to adequately assess and validate minimally invasive diagnostic technologies targeting the lung periphery. Conclusions: This American Thoracic Society/American College of Chest Physicians statement aims to provide a research framework that allows greater standardization of device validation efforts through clearly defined diagnostic outcomes and robust study designs. High-quality studies, both industry and publicly funded, can support subsequent health economic analyses and guide implementation decisions in various healthcare settings.

Booster vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2: mechanisms and efficiency

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was not only a serious challenge for the healthcare system around the world, but also an incentive for intensive research and development for the introduction of innovative technologies and drugs, in particular vaccines against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). The first vaccination campaigns provided significant protection against severe disease course and hospitalization. However, new SARS-COV-2 variants require further comprehensive research and the introduction of booster vaccination. Booster vaccination is the most important tool for immunostimulation and increase of protection duration against the severe disease course. The study of booster vaccines, including BioNTech/Pfizer, Moderna, Oxford AstraZeneca, Sputnik V, Sinopharm и Covaxin vaccines, sheds light on their unique action mechanisms and contribution to long-term immunity. The analysis of clinical data demonstrates their effectiveness and safety. The review summarizes modern knowledge about booster vaccinations against the COVID-19 with focus on action mechanisms and efficiency. In addition, the immune system function in response to COVID-19 is considered, while the role of memory cells, antibody and cellular immunity reactions are emphasized.

АНАЛІЗ СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ СФЕРИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я УКРАЇНИ

The paper analyzes the current state of the healthcare sector in Ukraine. The development of the healthcare sector in Ukraine is analyzed, the peculiarities and prospects of reforming the healthcare system in Ukraine, methods of management in emergency situations, in particular the Russian-Ukrainian war, and the latest research on this topic is analyzed. The author assesses the development of the public and private sectors of the health care market, identifies the main trends in health care reform, and assesses the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian war on this process. The management of the healthcare system in wartime is defined as a complex process, and ways to improve the management of this area to organize quality medical care for the population of Ukraine are proposed. Namely, the development of e-health, telemedicine, qualified personnel, and the introduction of innovative technologies. The author characterizes the public and private sectors of the healthcare market and the medical tourism market. The article presents a classification of obstacles to reforming the health care system, substantiates the use of the Organizational Structure of the public administration system based on the cluster model, and identifies key aspects of managing the development of health care in war conditions, based on an assessment of investment attractiveness, level of economic independence and stability of the relevant structures. Prospects for further research based on the development of new management models are presented, including the study of the impact of war on the health care system, evaluation of the effectiveness of reforms and the development of new models of medical care in conflict.

Methodological aspects of the organization of the sales management system in the company

At the present stage of development of the market economy, organizations have to work in a tough competitive mode and in conditions of active introduction of innovative technologies. Effective sales management of the company contributes to the implementation of marketing goals of modern business structures. Due to the fact that the company’s entry into the market requires an instant response to consumer requests, an individual approach to projects and, very often, the fulfillment of orders in a fairly short time, the development of a set of methods for managing the company’s sales is an urgent topic in modern market conditions. The company’s sales management is a complex and multi7stage process aimed at ensuring stable income and high profits through the implementation of a competent and adequate sales management system. The ambiguity of the practical development of the methodological foundations of the company’s sales management lies in the absence of a unified approach, due to the fact that for one manager effective sales management consists in motivating employees responsible for the sale of products or services, other managers tend to the position that successful sales can be built by conducting purposeful work with sales channels, the third category of managers puts emphasis on to implement mechanisms for automating relationships with their partners.

СУТНІСТЬ І СКЛАДОВІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ РОЗВИТКУ СФЕРИ ТОРГІВЛІ

In general, the combination of organizational and economic methods of influence on the processes of improvement of the sphere of trade constitute the organizational and economic mechanism of its development. The main elements of the mentioned mechanism include principles, organizational and economic methods, tools corresponding to the methods, and the system of public administration bodies. Among the principles are: organizational and economic independence, civility, openness, self-sufficiency, competitiveness, regulation, controllability. Organizational and economic tools are singled out, the use of which ensures the achievement of the main goals of the functioning of the trade sphere, namely: the development of domestic trade and trade infrastructure, the protection of the domestic consumer market, the introduction of innovative technologies, ensuring the quality of goods and services, and stimulating solvent demand. The relevance of the selection of regulatory instruments is based on the results of the analysis of the existing problems of the functioning of the trade sphere in Ukraine. On the basis of the targeted approach, a model of the organizational and economic mechanism of the development of the trade sphere is proposed, which allows focusing attention on solving the most pressing issues, including: the predominance of imported goods on the consumer market, the unsatisfactory quality of Ukrainian goods, the imperfection of the trade infrastructure, the unsatisfactory connection of the trade sphere and production, the need to ensure innovative development and wider application of IT technologies. It has been proven that the processes of market self-regulation of the trade sphere are not capable of providing solutions to the mentioned problems on their own, which necessitates the development of economically justified plans for the implementation of measures of state regulation of modernization and innovative development of the trade sphere using appropriate tools of influence on the conditions of operation of trading enterprises.

Цифровая экономика как определяющий фактор развития и эффективного функционирования регионального агропромышленного комплекса

The directions of development of the agricultural sector, farming systems, processes of interaction between rural commodity producers and local self-government in the conditions of the digital economy are considered. Current problems of farming systems arising from the use of digital technologies in the agricultural sector are identified. The article notes that the development of farming systems in the digital economy is beginning to change the role of local government, and the participation of society in production processes is intensifying. The organization of production processes of land use, based on the use of artificial intelligence systems, the use of network technologies in management systems, electronic cadastres, is a factor that ensures increased efficiency of agricultural production and the elimination of corruption in resolving issues of distribution, use and accounting of land. In the digital economy, the formation of an institutional environment is ensured that facilitates the organization of effective interaction between business entities, the reduction of transaction costs, the introduction of innovative technologies, the development of social capital, and ensuring the growth of the economy of rural areas.

The Principles of Total Knee Arthroplasty Prevail with the Introduction of Innovative Technology.

The Principles of Total Knee Arthroplasty Prevail with the Introduction of Innovative Technology.

Development strategies for unmanned aerial vehicles in the construction industry

The paper provides research on the use of modern drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for effective work in the fields of architectural design, construction management and monitoring. The authors examined the theoretical foundations and practical features of modern unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) or drones. Statistics on the structure of the global UAV market are presented. The detailed description of the primary applications of drones in the construction sector is provided. The main advantages of new technologies over traditional ones are noted. The paper pays attention to the issues of increasing safety at construction sites. The introduction of innovative technologies is necessary for the development of the construction industry. The use of such technologies will reduce task completion times, improve work quality, improve safety standards and reduce costs. At the same time, the authors noted some shortcomings of modern unmanned technologies. In the conclusion of the paper, insights are presented regarding the future possibilities for integrating unmanned aerial vehicles in construction projects.

FinTech, economic growth and COVID-19: International evidence

The growth of financial institutions is typically considered to be a factor that contributes to the expansion of the economy. The use of financial technology by institutions of finance has resulted in changes to the delivery of financial services, which in turn has an effect on the growth of the economy. However, the epidemic has caused a disruption in the demand and supply of goods around the globe, which has had a detrimental impact on the economy. However, it is worthwhile to investigate if the global economic slump created by the pandemic might have a beneficial influence on the national economy as a consequence of the introduction of innovative technologies. This would be the case if the epidemic caused the recession. This study, which examines the link between financial technology and national economies throughout the pandemic, is based on a cross-country examination of a sample spanning the years 2018 through 2021 and 193 nations. The study was conducted. The findings suggests that financial technology played an important part in reducing the severity of the pandemic's subsequent impact on the economy.

Introduction of innovative technologies for the effective use of permanent plants in the conditions of the chuy region

In this article, we analyze the possibilities and prospects for digitalization of farms in the Chui region in perennial plantations, using the example of intensive gardening that has become popular in recent years using MS Access programs suitable for gardeners. We will discuss the combination of this topical topic and, also often discussed, an innovative direction in the agricultural sector, intensive horticulture: the digitalization of intensive horticulture and its prospects in our country. In the process of studying the problem, theoretical methods of scientific research were used. It is abstract and generalized. The main result of the study is the process of creating and planning a database for the MS Access program that facilitates the activities of gardeners in perennial plantations in the Chui region. Conclusions and main scientific novelties – analysis of the MS Access database, creation and schematic analysis of databases to facilitate the work of gardeners in the peasant farm “Islambek” of the Sokuluk district of the Chui region.

IMPROVING THE PRICING MODEL FOR PRODUCTS OF THE STATE DEFENSE ORDE (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF IRZ LLC)

The characteristic of pricing methods for products supplied under the state defense order is given. The theoretical aspects of the cost method are considered. The main features and disadvantages of this model are highlighted. The key principles of determining the price of products supplied under the state defense order by the base price indexation method are considered and characterized. The proposal to switch to the base price indexation method is justified, which in turn is an alternative to the cost method in the presence of certain conditions. Examples of calculating the price of products supplied by LLC “IRZ” within the framework of the state defense order by the cost method and the method of indexing the base price are given. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the executor of the state defense order LLC “IRZ” may receive additional profit when switching from the cost method to the base price indexation method. It is suggested that this pricing model will create incentives for the introduction of innovative technologies and increase production efficiency. The approbation of the base price indexation method and the actual result of its application require further scientific research on the issue of improving pricing models in the field of state defense orders.