The article is devoted to the analysis of intercultural communication as a subject of research in a modern education system. We concentrated on the successful development of intercultural communication as the independent discipline predetermined the rich scientific foundation of anthropological research. We proved the opinion that the cultural diversity of modern mankind is increasing, and its constituent peoples are finding more and more means to maintain and develop their integrity and cultural image. The tendency to preserve cultural identity confirms the general pattern according to which humanity, becoming more and more interconnected and united, does not lose its cultural diversity. In our opinion the processes of globalization, the democratization of public life, the openness and accessibility of the latest achievements of world culture allow a huge number of people to learn a lot about behavior and lifestyle of other nations. We made the conclusion that the formation of intercultural competence is undoubtedly one of the goals of modern education. It is the education system that must take on the difficult task of ridding people of outdated ethnocentric views and replacing them with new, ethnorelative, more consistent with the realities of the one world in which we live. The policy of modern states, which are increasingly becoming multi-ethnic, which means that in their lives the problems of acculturation and the formation of intercultural competence, come to the forefront, should also be aimed at this.