Significant Interaction Research Articles

Associations between objective measures of performance-related characteristics and perceived stress in young cross-country skiers during pre-season training

ABSTRACT Monitoring performance-related characteristics of athletes can reveal changes that facilitate training adaptations. Here, we examine the relationships between submaximal running, maximal jump performance (CMJ), concentrations of blood lactate, sleep duration (SD) and latency (SL), and perceived stress (PSS) in junior cross-country skiers during pre-season training. These parameters were monitored in 15 male and 14 females (17 ± 1 years) for the 12-weeks prior to the competition season, and the data was analysed using linear and mixed-effect models. An increase in SD exerted a decrease in both PSS (B = -2.79, p ≤ 0.01) and blood lactate concentrations during submaximal running (B = -0.623, p ≤ 0.05). In addition, there was a negative relationship between SL and CMJ (B = -0.09, p = 0.08). Compared to males, females exhibited higher PSS scores and little or no change in performance-related tests. A significant interaction between time and sex was present in CMJ with males displaying an effect of time on CMJ performance. For all athletes, lower PSS appeared to be associated with longer overnight sleep. Since the females experienced higher levels of stress, monitoring of their PSS might be beneficial. These findings have implications for the preparation of young athletes’ competition season.

Structural insights into 1,4-bis-(neopent-yloxy)pillar[5]arene and the pyridine host-guest system.

The crystal structure of 1,4-bis-(neopent-yloxy)pillar[5]arene, C95H140N2O10 (TbuP), featuring two encapsulated pyridine mol-ecules, reveals significant host-guest inter-actions. Inter-estingly, the pyridine guests are positioned near the neopent-yloxy substituents instead of the electron-rich aromatic core of the pillar[5]arene. This spatial arrangement suggests a preference for the pyridine mol-ecules to engage with the aliphatic regions of the host. Detailed analysis of the structural characteristics of this host-guest system (TbuP·2Py), as well as its packing pattern within the crystal network, is presented and discussed.

Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs: recommendations and precautions for safe use in a multidisciplinary surgical department

Aim of the study. Conducting a safety analysis of the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in order to develop informed recommendations and precautions for medical practice.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of inpatient medical records of 250 patients in the multidisciplinary surgery department was conducted for the period from December 2023 to February 2024.Results and discussion. Based on the results of the analysis of inpatient medical records, such criteria as the presence of indications for the prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (according to the diagnosis, clinical pain syndrome and according to pain assessment scales), compliance of the choice of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with national protocols/international recommendations, compliance with age, the patient's physiological/ pathological condition and allergy history for the prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were 100%. The indicator for compliance of a single therapeutic dose, route of administration, frequency, duration and an appropriate diluent of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with instructions for use was 86%, where medication errors were mainly made in the frequency of use of drugs. The percentage of polypharmacy was 20%. The criterion for assessing drug-drug interactions between drugs taken by patients showed that interactions of high clinical significance (major) were 8%, while those of moderate clinical significance (moderate) were 40%.Conclusions. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are convenient and affordable drugs that are widely used in the treatment of diseases of various organs and systems. Therefore, to ensure the rational and safe use of drugs in this group, it is necessary to introduce effective recommendations and precautions:1. Timely completion of pain assessment scales and diary records in the Damumed medical information system;2. Development in the Damumed medical information system of divisions of appointments into planned and pro re nata (as necessary), introduction into the system of accurately recording the time of execution of doctors’ prescriptions by nursing staff for strict compliance with the intervals between doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs allowed by the instructions.3. Introduction into the practice of doctors the use of tools to combat polypharmacy in patients ≥65 years old: Beers criteria;4. Conducting educational activities, covering both medical personnel and patients, in order to increase the level of registration of unwanted adverse reactions.

Tengsl streituvaldandi þátta í starfsumhverfi, svefns og stoðkerfisverkja hjá millistjórnendum í opinberri þjónustu

Millistjórnendur eru í krefjandi hlutverki og upplifa sig oft eins og milli steins og sleggju. Þeir gegna þungavigtarhlutverki en störf þeirra einkennast af miklu vinnuálagi og streitu. Þó hafa þeir fengið fremur litla athygli í stjórnendafræðum, einkum innan heilbrigðisþjónustunnar. Við vitum til dæmis lítið um áhrif þessa krefjandi starfs á heilsu þeirra, til dæmis hvort streituvaldandi þættir í starfsumhverfinu tengjast stoðkerfisverkjum og svefni. Tilgangur þessarar rannsóknar var að skoða þessi tengsl. Um er að ræða lýsandi þversniðsrannsókn þar sem gögnum var safnað með forprófuðum spurningalista sem sendur var rafrænt á 137 hjúkrunardeildarstjóra í gegnum Outcome-kannanakerfið. Svarhlutfall var 80,9%. Lýsandi tölfræði og ályktunartölfræði var notuð við úrvinnslu gagna. Niðurstöður sýndu skýr tengsl streituvaldandi þátta í starfsumhverfi, stoðkerfisverkja og ófullnægjandi svefns eftir að stjórnað var fyrir áhrifum af aldri, hjúskaparstöðu og fjölda stöðugilda í hjúkrun á deild. Streituvaldandi þættir í starfsumhverfinu og svefn höfðu tengsl við styrkleika stoðkerfisverkja á hálssvæði og herðum og svefn hafði tengsl við styrkleika verkja í neðri hluta baks. Meiri streita þýddi meiri stoðkerfisverki á hálssvæði og í herðum að teknu tilliti til svefns. Ófullnægjandi svefn þýddi aftur meiri stoðkerfisverki frá öllum þremur líkamssvæðunum að teknu tilliti til streituvaldandi þátta. Saman skýrðu streituvaldandi þættir í starfsumhverfinu og ófullnægjandi svefn, að teknu tilliti til aldurs, hjúskaparstöðu og fjölda stöðugilda við hjúkrun á deild, 17% af heildarbreytileika í styrkleika stoðkerfisverkja á hálssvæði, 21% í herðum og 14% í neðri hluta baks. Fram kom marktæk samvirkni milli streituvaldandi þátta í starfsumhverfinu og svefns varðandi styrkleika stoðkerfisverkja á hálssvæði. Niðurstöður þessarar rannsóknar verða vonandi til þess að hugað verði betur að streituvaldandi þáttum í starfsumhverfi millistjórnenda svefni og stoðkerfisverkjum þeirra.

Nonparametric inference of higher order interaction patterns in networks

Local interaction patterns play an important role in the structural and functional organization of complex networks. Here we propose a method for obtaining parsimonious decompositions of networks into higher order interactions which can take the form of arbitrary motifs. The method is based on a class of analytically solvable generative models which in combination with non-parametric priors allow us to infer higher order interactions from dyadic graph data without any prior knowledge on the types or frequencies of such interactions. We test the presented approach on simulated data for which we recover the set of underlying higher order interactions to a high degree of accuracy. For empirical networks the method identifies concise sets of atomic subgraphs from within thousands of candidates that cover a large fraction of edges and include higher order interactions of known structural and functional significance. Being based on statistical inference the method also produces a fit of the network to analytically tractable higher order models opening new avenues for the systematic study of higher order interactions.

Crystal structures of four thio-glycosides involving carbamimido-thio-ate groups.

The compounds 2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-gluco-pyranosyl N'-cyano-N-phenyl-carbamimido-thio-ate (C22H25N3O9S, 5a), 2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-galacto-pyranosyl N'-cyano-N-phenyl-carbamimido-thio-ate, (C22H25N3O9S, 5b), 2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-galacto-pyranosyl N'-cyano-N-methyl-carbamimido-thio-ate (C17H23N3O9S, 5c), and 2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-galacto-pyranosyl N'-cyano-N-p-tolyl-carbamimido-thio-ate (C23H27N3O9S, 5d) all crystallize in P212121 with Z = 4. For all four structures, the configuration across the central (formal) C=N(CN) double bond of the carbamimido-thio-ate group is Z. The torsion angles C5-O1-C1-S (standard sugar numbering) are all close to 180°, confirming the β position of the substituent. Compound 5b involves an intra-molecular hydrogen bond N-H⋯O1; in 5c this contact is the weaker branch of a three-centre inter-action, whereas in 5a and 5d the H⋯O distances are much longer and do not represent significant inter-actions. The C-N bond lengths at the central carbon atom of the carbamimido-thio-ate group are almost equal. All C-O-C=O torsion angles of the acetyl groups correspond to a synperiplanar geometry, but otherwise all four mol-ecules display a high degree of conformational flexibility, with many widely differing torsion angles for equivalent groups. In the crystal packing, 5a, 5c and 5d form layer structures involving the classical hydrogen bond N-H⋯Ncyano and a variety of 'weak' hydrogen bonds C-H⋯O or C-H⋯S. The packing of 5b is almost featureless and involves a large number of borderline 'weak' hydrogen bonds. In an appendix, a potted history of wavelength preferences for structure determination is presented and it is recommended that, even for small organic crystals in non-centrosymmetric space groups, the use of Mo radiation should be considered.

Vulnerability to semantic and phonological interference in normal aging and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

To determine whether the increased vulnerability to semantic interference previously observed in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is specifically associated with semantic material or if it also affects other types of material, suggesting generalized executive and inhibitory impairment. Seventy-two participants divided into two groups (33 aMCI, 39 normal control [NC]) matched for age and education were included. They completed a comprehensive neuropsychological examination, the French version of the Loewenstein Acevedo Scale for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L; semantic interference test), and a homologous experimental phonological test, the phonological interference and learning test. Independent sample t tests, mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA), and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) on memory and interference scores were conducted to compare memory and interference in both conditions for both groups. For memory scores, results revealed significant main effects of group (NC > aMCI) and condition (semantic > phonological) and significant interactions (poorer performance in the semantic condition for aMCI). aMCI committed more phonological false recognition errors, were disproportionately more vulnerable to retroactive semantic interference, and showed a higher percentage of intrusion errors associated with proactive semantic interference than NC. To our knowledge, this is the first study to compare vulnerability to interference in aMCI and normal aging with two similarly designed semantic and phonological word list learning tasks. Taken together, our results suggest that aMCI present with broad difficulties in source memory and inhibition, but that impaired deep semantic processing results in additional semantic intrusion errors during proactive interference and impacts their ability to show good recall after an interference list (greater semantic retroactive interference). Results are discussed according to the level-of-processing and activation/monitoring theories. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Performance de crescimento do feijão caupi sob diferentes concentrações iônicas da solução nutritiva

ABSTRACT: Cowpea is a food crop representing an important source of proteins and income, mainly for people living in the north and northeast of Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance of two cowpea cultivars under four different ionic concentrations of the growth solution. Thus, a pot experiment was performed using the sand culture technique and set up in a completely randomized design with a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, using four replications and one plant per plot. After the period of growth, the parameters such as length of the shoot, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of secondary branches, number of pods, fresh weight of the stem, stem dry mass, leaf dry mass, shoot dry mass, and root/shoot ratio were obtained. The results pointed out that there was a significant interaction effect on parameters like stem diameter, leaf dry mass, shoot dry mass, and number of leaves. Both cultivars were strongly responsive to changes in ionic concentration, indicating a greater biomass production at ionic concentrations of 90% and 120%. A greater growth performance for BRS Rouxinol than BRS Itaim was observed, while the second cultivar indicated a high tolerance as exposed to the highest ionic concentrations.

Условия применения образовательных технологий для создания событийного пространства в приходской педагогической деятельности

The present article draws attention to the fact that modern parish educational activities, in addition to a narrowly specialized orientation, can become an additional, replenishing and enriching resource for the general school education in terms of spiritual and moral upbringing of children and their harmonious development when changing pedagogical approaches to the organization of the educational process. It is noted that Sunday schools today are experiencing a crisis of children's and especially teenagers' departure from Sunday schools and, as a result, from the church. In this regard, it is proposed to seek and use all the opportunities and resources of parish activities in order to create an interesting, enriching event space, which includes children, parents, teachers and clergy. The eventfulness, which is created due to jointly divided activities, meets the needs of adolescents, taking into account their age-related psychological.The article substantiates the opinion that innovative educational technologies (creative workshops, experimental laboratories, bibliodramas, hagiodramas, educational pilgrimage, etc.) contribute to the creation of eventfulness. Active interaction with objects of the surrounding world, personally significant interactivity, cooperation and dialogical communication of participants, emotional experience from joint discoveries and obtained results, the possibility of feedback - can be considered as significant advantages of such technologies.This paper, as sharing of experience, presents a description of two creative workshops for teenagers and Sunday school teachers and notes their educational, upbringing and developmental potential. However, to make educational technologies an effective means for achieving the priority goal of the parish education - spiritual development and growth of children in faith, it is necessary to observe certain pedagogical conditions, which are indicated in the presented article.The determined pedagogical conditions impose special requirements on the teaching staff engaged in the educational activities at the parish.This article contains references to other articles by the author that will help to form a comprehensive understandung of pedagogical views on the problem of parish care of children in modern realities and may prove useful for teachers in the organization of educational and upbringing activities at the parish.

Echocardiographic Parameters of Left Atrial Structure and Function and Clinical Outcomes at 2 Years in Elderly Patients With Atrial Fibrillation - The ANAFIE Echocardiographic Substudy.

This prospective ANAFIE Registry substudy investigated the relationship between the echocardiographic parameters of left atrial (LA) structure and function and clinical outcomes at 2 years among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients aged ≥75 years. Outcomes of 1,474 elderly non-valvular AF (NVAF) patients who underwent transthoracic echocardiography at baseline were analyzed by categories of maximum LA volume index (max. LAVi) and LA emptying fraction (LAEF) total. Baseline mean±standard deviation LAEF total and max. LAVi were 28.2±14.9% and 54.2±25.9 mL/m2, respectively. Proportions of oral anticoagulant (OAC), direct OAC, and warfarin use were 92.7%, 68.7%, and 24.0%, respectively. Patients with LAEF total ≤45.0% (n=1,213) vs. >45.0% (n=224) were at higher risk of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.19, P=0.021) and heart failure (HF) hospitalization (HR: 2.25, P=0.045). Risk of all-cause death was higher with max. LAVi >48.0 mL/m2(n=656) vs. ≤48.0 mL/m2(n=621) (HR: 1.69, P=0.048). Subgroups with abnormal LA function and structure had increased incidence of cardiac/cardiovascular events and HF hospitalization. No significant interaction was observed between echocardiographic parameters and OAC type. Elderly Japanese patients with NVAF and LAEF total ≤45.0% were at higher risk of cardiovascular events and HF hospitalization, and those with max. LAVi >48.0 mL/m2were at higher risk of all-cause death.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bi-pyridine-1,1'-diium tetra-chlorido-cobaltate(II).

In the title mol-ecular salt, (C12H14N2)[CoCl4], the dihedral angle between the pyridine rings of the cation is 52.46 (9)° and the N-C-C-N torsion angle is -128.78 (14)°, indicating that the ring nitro-gen atoms are in anti-clinal conformation. The Cl-Co-Cl bond angles in the anion span the range 105.46 (3)-117.91 (2)°. In the extended structure, the cations and anions are linked by cation-to-anion N-H⋯Cl and C-H⋯Cl inter-actions, facilitating the formation of R 4 4(18) and R 4 4(20) ring motifs. Furthermore, the crystal structure features weak anion-to-cation Cl⋯π inter-actions [Cl⋯π = 3.4891 (12) and 3.5465 (12) Å]. Hirshfeld two-dimensional fingerprint plots revealed that the most significant inter-actions are Cl⋯H/H⋯Cl (45.5%), H⋯H (29.0%), Cl⋯C/C⋯Cl (7.8%), Cl⋯N/N⋯Cl (3.5%), Cl⋯Cl (1.4) and Co⋯H (1%) contacts.

A New Bioactive Thiazolidinone-based Azo Dye for Naked-eye Colorimetric Detection of Cyanide Ions

Abstract: A new bioactive azo dye embedding a thiazolidinone heterocyclic core was designed and synthesized for antibacterial application and colorimetric sensing of cyanide ion (CNˉ) in organic solutions. The structure of the prepared dye was elucidated from its 1H NMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectral data. It proved to be a fast and sensitive colorogenic sensor for detection of CNˉ. Spectroscopic studies were carried out to investigate the effect of different CNˉ concentrations on the detection efficiency. Moreover, the studies revealed no significant competition or influence of other anions on the sensitivity of CNˉ detection by the synthesized dye. A Job's plot indicated a 1:1 stoichiometry of the dye and CNˉ in their colorful complex. Further development of the method for naked-eye detection of CNˉ in low-concentration aqueous solutions was achieved by using the cellulose papers painted with the dye. The as-prepared testing paper allowed CNˉ sensing in concentrations as low as 2 μM. Evaluation of the dye for antibacterial activities using the well diffusion technique displayed that its inhibitory activity is at least as good as and in some cases superior to ampicillin against the bacterial strains employed in the zone assay. In response to CN¯, the dye changes color from yellow to reddish brown which accounts for its significant interactions with CNˉ and affords a naked-eye sensing method without resorting to any spectroscopic instrumentation.

A metagenomic analysis of the phase 2 Anopheles gambiae 1000 genomes dataset reveals a wide diversity of cobionts associated with field collected mosquitoes

The Anopheles gambiae 1000 Genomes (Ag1000G) Consortium previously utilized deep sequencing methods to catalogue genetic diversity across African An. gambiae populations. We analyzed the complete datasets of 1142 individually sequenced mosquitoes through Microsoft Premonition’s Bayesian mixture model based (BMM) metagenomics pipeline. All specimens were confirmed as either An. gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) or An. coluzzii with a high degree of confidence ( > 98% identity to reference). Homo sapiens DNA was identified in all specimens indicating contamination may have occurred either at the time of specimen collection, preparation and/or sequencing. We found evidence of vertebrate hosts in 162 specimens. 59 specimens contained validated Plasmodium falciparum reads. Human hepatitis B and primate erythroparvovirus-1 viral sequences were identified in fifteen and three mosquito specimens, respectively. 478 of the 1,142 specimens were found to contain bacterial reads and bacteriophage-related contigs were detected in 27 specimens. This analysis demonstrates the capacity of metagenomic approaches to elucidate important vector-host-pathogen interactions of epidemiological significance.

Adsorption Performance of Acidic Modified Fly Ash: Box–Behnken design

Fly ash (FA) and modified fly ash (mFA) were used as adsorbents to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions. The adsorbents were characterized using crystal structures with XRD, surface functional groups with FTIR, and surface morphologies with SEM. Response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize adsorption parameters such as MB dye concentration (A: 10-20 mg/L), solution pH (B: 3-11), and contact time (C: 30-180 min). ANOVA analysis shows the significant inter-actions between initial concentration, solution pH value, and solution pH value, contact time was found to be significant in the removal of MB (p-value=< 0.0001, 0.0040), whereas between the effect of initial concen-tration and contact time was not significant (p-value = 0.0881). The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model and the adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model. At 28°C, the adsorption capacity of fly ash-HNO3 for MB was found to be 7.67 mg/g.

Association of healthy lifestyle behaviours with incident irritable bowel syndrome: a large population-based prospective cohort study

ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between healthy lifestyle behaviours and the incidence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).DesignPopulation-based prospective cohort study.SettingThe UK Biobank.Participants64 268 adults aged 37 to 73 years who had...

Modifying effect of urban parks on socioeconomic inequalities in diabetes prevalence: a cross-sectional population study of Madrid City, Spain

BackgroundEvidence has shown contradicting results on how the density of urban green spaces may reduce socioeconomic inequalities in type 2 diabetes (equigenic hypothesis). The aim of this study is to...

Minimal Social Cues, Body Proportion, Head Shape, and Participant’s Gender on the Trustworthiness of Social Robots

Exploring and validating factors that may influence the trustworthiness of social robots is of great significance to improving the effect of human-robot interaction. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of several design factors on people’s perceptions of the trustworthiness of social robots. The research variables were social cues (ie, watching-eyes configuration, control configuration, and neutral configuration), head shape (ie, round head and rectangular head), body proportion (ie, low body proportion and high body proportion), and participant’s gender (ie, male and female). Twelve static synthetic social robots were created and presented to the participants as digital pictures. A total of 175 participants took part in the experiment through the online survey via the convenience sampling method. The generated results were as follows: (1) The robots with round heads appear to be more trustworthy than those with rectangular heads. (2) Robots with high body proportion are considered to be more trustworthy than robots with low body proportion. (3) Minimal social cues and body proportion of robots also have a significant interaction effect on improving the trustworthiness of robots. In the watching-eyes configuration, high body proportion is considered more trustworthy than low body proportion. On one hand, the results of this study can provide a good reference for the appearance form of social robots in human-robot interaction to serve human beings, and on the other hand, it also lays a foundation for further exploring the influence of social cues elicited by a series of social robot appearances and social behaviors regarding the trustworthiness of social robots.

Outpatient prescription drug interactions at a city-affiliated healthcare center in Vietnam

Context: Adverse drug interactions increase the risk of hospitalization, treatment costs, unfavorable treatment outcomes, and prolonged hospital stays. However, there are a limited number of studies conducted in city-affiliated healthcare settings in Vietnam. Aims: To identify drug interactions in outpatient treatment prescriptions at a city-based healthcare center in the southern region of Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on outpatient treatment prescriptions stored in the outpatient department of a city-affiliated healthcare center from January to June, 2023. The study used two databases for drug interaction checking: the Drug Interactions Checker and Medscape Interactions Checker. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify predictors of clinically significant drug interactions. Results: Among 1203 surveyed prescriptions, 36.7% contained at least one clinically-significant drug interaction, with 3% of prescriptions having severe interactions. The highest frequency of drug interactions involved amlodipine and metformin (9.9%). Patients with five or more prescribed medications (OR = 3.305; 95% CI: 2.320-4.708), hypertension (OR = 7.142; 95% CI: 4.658-10.950), dyslipidemia (OR = 2.242; 95% CI: 1.665-3.020), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (OR = 2.447; 95% CI: 1.817-3.295) had a higher likelihood of experiencing clinically significant drug interactions. Conclusions: This study revealed that over one-third of outpatient prescriptions were associated with clinically-significant drug interactions. This study highlights the importance of clinical pharmacists screening prescriptions to detect and reduce interactions, as well as the application of computerized alert systems with intelligent screening software to minimize drug interactions.

The relationship between working memory and anxiety in individuals with early treated phenylketonuria (PKU).

Although early diagnosis and treatment prevent the severe impairments associated with untreated phenylketonuria (PKU), individuals with early treated PKU (ETPKU) nonetheless experience significant neurocognitive and psychological sequelae, including difficulties in working memory (WM) and increased risk of anxiety. The primary objective of the present study was to examine the extent to which anxiety may moderate the relationship between ETPKU and WM performance. A sample of 40 adults with ETPKU and a demographically comparable sample of 40 healthy adults without PKU completed a comprehensive assessment of WM performance and anxiety symptomatology. Data were collected using a variety of remote assessment methods (e.g., web-based neurocognitive tests, semistructured interview, report-based measures). The ETPKU group demonstrated significantly poorer WM performance as compared to the non-PKU group. The groups did not differ significantly in anxiety; however, high anxiety was more common in the ETPKU group (53% of sample) than the non-PKU group (33%). A significant interaction between anxiety, metabolic control (as reflected by Phe levels), and WM performance was observed for the ETPKU group. Individuals with high anxiety and/or high Phe levels (> 360 μmol/L) performed poorer than the non-PKU group. Individuals with low anxiety and relatively low Phe levels (< 360 μmol/L) performed comparably to the non-PKU group. Anxiety was found to moderate the relationship between Phe levels and WM performance in individuals with ETPKU. This finding underscores the importance of accounting for anxiety when evaluating neurocognitive performance in individuals with ETPKU whether for research or clinical purposes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Development and Validation of a Knowledge Checklist of Cognitive Therapy for Nurses(KCCTN)

This study aimed to develop a Knowledge Checklist of Cognitive Therapy for Nurses (KCCTN) to assess theeffectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy-based training. Sixteen items were collected from the provisional KCCTN; four response choices were created for each item with one correct response. The reliability and validity study results showed that Cronbach’s alpha was 0.63. The intra-class correlation was calculated using the data on the number of correct answers before and after the training of nursing college students, and the reliability was confirmed at r=0.65 (p&lt;0.01). The uncorrelatedness of KCCTN and KBPAC helped establish discriminatory validity. Two-way analysis of variance with the dependent variable being the KCCTN score of the intervention group (nurses, N=30) and control group (nursing students, N=76) implementing cognitive-behavioral therapy, and pre-and post-intervention factors were calculated for hospital nurses. The results showed a significant interaction with a significant improvement in the intervention group.