Intellectual Activity Research Articles

The Phenomenon of “Artificial Intelligence” in the Formation of Transversal Competencies of the Future Teacher: Pros and Cons

This article updates the problem of professional training of the future teacher in the context of rethinking the education process, forming a system of knowledge, abilities and skills necessary for the professional competitiveness of the future specialist. An attempt was made to draw attention to the urgent need to modernize the educational process in the context of searching ways to effective adaptation of modern youth to the realities of the 21st century. The importance of the term “transversality”, which previously functioned in a highly specialized environment of mathematical sciences, is emphasized in order to explain its modern interpretation in the field of professional education. The rapid processes of globalization and the consequences of the fourth scientific and technical revolution 4.0 (since the middle of the 20th century), which encompassed the intellectual activity of mankind, contributed greatly to the informatization of society, highlighted the need to develop the ability to solve problems related to technological achievements and intercultural communication. A special role is assigned to the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education and science; analyzed the research of Ukrainian and foreign scientists dedicated to the study of the processes of perception, understanding and use of artificial intelligence by a modern student. The positive and problematic aspects of the introduction of the capabilities of artificial intelligence in the educational process of higher education institutions are considered; impact of computerization on all spheres of social and economic life of society is proven. It was concluded that in modern education it is necessary to develop awareness and understanding of the complex nature of artificial intelligence, ethical norms of its application in the educational process; to form the skills of a conscious approach to determining the degree of effectiveness of the achievements of innovative processes.

Trends in the integration of researchers into the social division of labor

As the functional role of science in the development of the economy expands, specialists of scientific organizations are becoming an increasingly significant subject of the social division of labor. On the basis of open data of official statistics and the results of a nationwide representative study, the authors of the article show that the expansion of the economic role of science workers is accompanied by the transformation of a large part of their intellectual activity into creative engineering for innovative production. At the same time, the labor of the majority of scientists is transforming from exclusive to mass-production, bringing the nature of their living conditions closer to the way of life of workers of mass professions, partly transforming into precarious labor. At the same time, it is shown that the formation of precariat is not a deviation in the classical form of wage labor, but the transformation of the proletariat as a class into precariat, which is also characteristic of scientific workers.

Heterogeneous Association of Tooth Loss with Functional Limitations

Tooth loss is prevalent in older adults and associated with functional capacity decline. Studies on the susceptibility of some individuals to the effects of tooth loss are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of the association between tooth loss and higher-level functional capacity in older Japanese individuals employing a machine learning approach. This is a prospective cohort study using the data of adults aged ≥65 y in Japan (N = 16,553). Higher-level functional capacity, comprising instrumental independence, intellectual activity, and social role, was evaluated using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC). The scale ranged from 0 (lowest function) to 13 (highest function). Doubly robust targeted maximum likelihood estimation was used to estimate the population-average association between tooth loss (having <20 natural teeth) and TMIG-IC total score after 6 y. The heterogeneity of the association was evaluated by estimating conditional average treatment effects (CATEs) using the causal forest algorithm. The result showed that tooth loss was statistically significantly associated with lower TMIG-IC total scores (population-average effect: −0.14; 95% confidence interval, −0.18 to −0.09). The causal forest analysis revealed the heterogeneous associations between tooth loss and lower TMIG-IC total score after 6 y (median of estimated CATEs = −0.13; interquartile range = 0.12). The high-impact subgroup (i.e., individuals with estimated CATEs of the bottom 10%) were significantly more likely to be older and male, had a lower socioeconomic status, did not have a partner, and had poor health conditions compared with the low-impact subgroup (i.e., individuals with estimated CATEs of the top 10%). This study found that heterogeneity exists in the association between tooth loss and lower scores on functional capacity. Implementing tooth loss prevention policy and clinical measures, especially among vulnerable subpopulations significantly affected by tooth loss, may reduce its burden more effectively.

Digital Ruble: The Problems of Determining the Legal Regime

Introduction: the presented paper deals with the issues of legal assessment of the digital ruble as an object of civil rights. In Article 128 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, this means of payment is defined as a type of non-cash funds, which raises a number of doubts, given both its legal regulation and the objectification of the digital ruble in the virtual space. This currency is a unique digital code stored on a platform administered by the Bank of Russia, while non-cash money is an abstract concept that exists solely by virtue of the legal norms. According to the author of the paper, these significant differences require reflection in the legislation, the changes in existing legal norms, and the revision of the legal regime of the digital ruble. Thus, the purpose of the paper is to develop systematic approaches to the regulation of the digital ruble in the Russian legislation. Methods: the methodological framework for the study consists of the dialectical, analytical and comparative law methods. Results: the author’s position reflected in the paper is based on the scientific doctrine and the provisions of the legislation on the legal regime of means of payment in the Russian Federation. Based on the legal analysis of the norms of the current legislation, some proposals have been formulated to improve the statutory regulation of the digital ruble, as well as non-cash funds. Conclusions: based on the results of the study, it is proposed to state Article 128 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation in the following wording: “The objects of civil rights are things (including cash money and documentary securities), other property, among them the digital ruble and property rights (including non-cash funds, non-documentary securities, digital rights); the results of work and provision of services; the protected results of intellectual activity and means of individualization equated to them (intellectual property); intangible benefits.” In addition, when regulating non-cash funds, it is proposed to take into account their characteristics such as abstraction and the possibility of issuing by private organizations.

Promotion of Intellectual Activity Results of Scientific Organizations. Regulatory Framework and Statistics

We consider intellectual activity results (IAR) of scientific organizations in the context of intellectual property protection and as one of the indicators of their effectiveness. The data characterizing Russia’s place in the world rankings in terms of the number of patent applications and the number of applications per 1 million people are presented, and a conclusion is made about the relatively low activity in protecting IAR in comparison with the leaders of the ratings. The authors have conducted an analysis of normative legal acts (NLA) on the consolidation and transfer of rights to IAR, as well as NLA that characterize IAR in terms of the effectiveness of research activity, as well as of the certification of researchers. It is concluded that the current system of NLA does not impede or discourage the work of scientific organizations with IAR. It is shown that NLA related to the evaluation of the effectiveness of scientific institutions should also stimulate their active work with IAR. At the same time, the available statistical data on the share of research organizations in patent applications filed and licenses sold indicate that their activity in promoting IAR in the real sector of the economy is on average more than twice lower than in Russia as a whole. It is assumed that the evolving situation regarding working with IAR is determined by economic factors. We have outlined ways for further research on factors that can significantly affect the activity of scientific organizations in working with the promotion of IAR, in particular, to assess the potential demand for IAR and the prospective value of IAR from the points of view of the seller and the buyer.

Intellectual property rights in international and Russian investment law

The investment activity is diverse and can be carried out with the use of intellectual property rights in accordance with the current international and Russian investment law. The article aims to identify the specifics of the application of intellectual property rights as investments and the implementation of intellectual investments, i.e. investments endowed into intellectual property rights. The objectives of the study are to consider the categories of an investment and object of investment activity, intellectual property, exclusive and other intellectual rights, as well as to analyze and determine the features of legal regulation of the activity in question at the international and national levels in the Russian Federation. Based on the results of the systematic analysis with the use of formal legal, comparative and other research methods, it is concluded that investments as a property in a broad sense may include both exclusive and other non-personal intellectual property rights to the results of intellectual activity and equated means of individualization of goods, works, services and enterprises. At the same time, they exclude intellectual property itself as a set of various types of intangible products, moral and other personal non-proprietary intellectual rights by virtue of their inalienable and non-transferable character. It is argued to be the same with respect to the object of investment activity, i.e. the property which the investment is endowed in and is capable to bring income to the investor in the future. Investments into such intellectual property rights can be called as intellectual investments.The legal regulation of investment activity with the use of intellectual property rights has a dual character (in the sense that it is carried out by different investment legislative acts with the similar subject of their regulation) and depends on the type of a particular object used. If intellectual property rights are invested in fixed capital, then they are to be recognized as capital investments and are governed by the Federal Law of February 25,1999 No. 39-FZ “On Investment Activity in the Russian Federation Carried out in the Form of Capital Investments”. If intellectual property rights are used as the object of investment activity, i.e. where investments are endowed in, such intellectual investments are subject to the regulation by the Law of the RSFSR of June 26, 1991 No. 1488-1 “On Investment Activity in the RSFSR”.

The roles of the interpreter in light of the Corona crisis: virtual scientific conferences as a mode

The Visio conferences and the online transnational meetings are terms and phrases closelyrelated to the Covid-19 pandemic, which has greatly affected the organization of events, hosting conferences, and holding international exhibitions, which attract experts and scholars to enrich knowledge in light of social distancing, in order to adapt to linguistic and cultural challenges imposed by the pandemic. Interpretation in general is one of the most types of professions that require an exceptional and high level of focus. The interpreter has the largestrole in managing and facilitating the process of communication between the sending and receiving parties. In fact, the task of interpretation is not an easy issue, but rather a complex and precise issue. Because It is an intellectual and creative activity based on acquiring cognitive content and working to transmit these contents in various ways, and in a professionalmanner based on good listening, understanding, analysis, and communicating the message at a very specific time. It also highlights the importance of the need for an interpreter in international conferences that are dominated by political, social, or even academic subjects of study. What are the basic patterns to ensure the quality of professional interpretation from a distance, which has imposed itself forcibly in light of the pandemic? What future for the interpreter in a sector that is still reeling from the repercussions of the pandemic or other crises in the future? In this research paper, we will try to study a typical corpus for virtual conferences on YouTube entitled "The Arab American Conference", we willalso analyze and describe some sections of the consecutive translation from English to Arabic, and observe the most important strategies and methods adopted by the interpreter in reproducing the discourse and conveying the message with honesty and integrity.

Issues of accounting for intangible assets under the new standard at the stage of their identification

Subject. Since 2024, the new Federal Accounting Standard (FSBU) 14/2022 – Intangible Assets is mandatory. This article examines the categorical framework of this Standard, as well as the past and international standards in comparison with legal norms. Objectives. The article aims to identify the types of intangible assets to be accounted for in accordance with the new Standard, based on the essence and generic features, the legal content of the types of intangible assets mentioned in the accounting standards in order to identify them, based on their importance in generating economic benefits and participating in the processes of the organization. Methods. For the study, we used the general scientific methods of cognition, a systems approach, logical generalization, analysis and synthesis, and analogy. Results. The study shows that the new Standard is not much different from the old one in terms of defining categories. In contrast to the international similar standard, the domestic standard lacks detailed explanations that are essential for identifying costs as expenses of the period or intangible assets. Conclusions and Relevance. For the reasonable recognition of intangible assets in accounting, it is necessary that the Standard takes into account the norms of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and other laws that make it possible to distinguish between generic and essential features of intangible assets, which are the results of intellectual activity and means of individualization. The presented results are intended to further develop the methodology and practice of accounting for intangible assets of organizations.

Mediation and Representation Relations in the Exercise of Copyright and Related Rights by Non-Profit Organizations

Relevance. The article analyzes contractual and other legal grounds, using which collective management organizations and other non-profit organizations can perform the functions of intermediaries and representatives of authors and other right holders in order to ensure the lawful use of copyright and related rights objects in modern conditions.The purpose of the research is to develop theoretical provisions necessary for the development of legal regulation of the activities of non-profit organizations related to the implementation of copyright and related rights.Objectives: to identify the peculiarities of legal regulation of mediation and representation relations arising from the participation of non-profit organizations in the implementation of copyright and related rights; to identify the problems associated with such legal regulation, to develop proposals aimed at their elimination.Methodology. The author used dialectical-materialistic method, methods of analysis and synthesis, formallegal method.The results of the research are of theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of civil legal relations.Conclusions. The conclusions made in the article are of a discussion nature, aimed at continuing research on the development of legal regulation of the activities of non-profit organizations related to the implementation and protection of copyright and related rights, including the expansion of the range of non-profit organizations able to participate in the implementation and protection of rights to the results of intellectual activity, as well as to simplify their obtaining the powers necessary for the implementation of such activities.

The Relationship of Functional Roles and their Psychological Predictors in Solving Motor Tasks in Joint Mental Activity

Introduction. Modern society demands from young professionals non-standard ways of solving various tasks in a team. Despite the high interest in the problem of joint thinking, there is an insufficient number of comprehensive studies of psychological predictors involved in the formation of functional roles of participants in joint mental activity. Purpose. Analysis of the relationship between functional roles and their psychological predictors in solving motor tasks in joint mental activity.Materials and methods. The study involved 208 people: they are students of humanities and technical specialties of the Southern Federal University aged 17 to 21 years. The task groups consisted of four subjects. For the solution, a motor task was used under the conditional name “Blocks”. To collect the data, the following methods were used: Kettell’s 16-factor personality questionnaire; a method for determining coping behavior in stressful situations; the “Personality orientation” method; Ehlers’ motivation for avoiding failures; Ehlers’ motivation for success; SELF-assessment; diagnosis of verbal creativity; heuristic competence test; a questionnaire for determining action control; the questionnaire “Methodology of assessment by participants of subgroups of partners from the point of view of their performance of functions of selforganization of joint mental activity”. The Pearson correlation coefficient is applied.Results. The generation function is the least pronounced, which indicates a weak activity of carriers of this functional role in solving a motor-type problem. The function of semantic transmission is most pronounced, which indicates a focus on coordinating the goals of participants in mental activity to achieve a common result in solving a motor task, rather than on putting forward new hypotheses.Discussion. Analyzing the distribution of roles, their functional content, it becomes possible to directly see the implementation of the features of mental activity carried out jointly, to assess the structure of intellectual activity of cognitive interaction of group members, to better understand the procedural features of joint mental activity. The interrelation of the personal characteristics of the participants in solving problems with the functional role distribution in joint thinking is emphasized, as well as the need for a comprehensive study of the acceptance and embodiment of roles by group members.

The Role of Kiai Leadership in Developing Students' Character at Islamic Boarding School

The existence and development of Islamic boarding schools are inseparable from the figure of the kiai, who play a central role in these institutions and serve as an intellectual actor in their movement and development. One of the main challenges faced by these madrasas is the low quality of the educational process, attributed to deficiencies in management, curriculum, and teaching staff. This study aims to determine the role of the kiai’s leadership in developing the Islamic boarding school in Bandung city. It seeks to understand how the kiai's leadership contributes to character development and learning outcomes in the context of Bandung. The research methodology employed is qualitative, utilizing techniques such as interviews, observation, and documentation. Key informants include kiai and pesantren leaders, selected through snowball sampling. The data analysis process involves data reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings reveal that the leadership style applied at the Islamic Boarding School in Bandung City is democratic and transformational. The kiai plays a crucial role as a supervisor, motivator, caregiver, advisor, educator, facilitator, coordinator, and role model in shaping the character of the students. The implication of this research is that optimizing the leadership role of kiai in Islamic boarding schools, both interpersonal, informational and decisional roles of kiai in Islamic boarding schools, is important in the process of improving the character of students in Islamic boarding schools. the results of this study recommend the involvement of a kia to all stakeholders in building student character.

HISTORY OF IDEALS OF HUMAN BEAUTY

This article tells about the role of a teacher in leading teenagers to self-consciousness. Some interesting and important key-words for teenagers are given in the article. The tasks and intellectual activities for teenagers are described here full.

Джаз в советском кино. Опыт ретроспективного анализа

The article is devoted to representation of domestic jazz in the Soviet feature silent and sound cinema in the period from 1926 to 1990. The author notes that jazz was becoming part of the plot of documentaries and feature films since its emergence in the USSR, but the accents in its image changed, and the genre nature of the movies evolved. There was a traceable shift from musical comedy to satirical pamphlet, from lyrical comedy to melodrama. Based on several dozens of examples of films where jazz sounds, the article shows the relationship between the ideological course of the Soviet state, the perception of the jazz performance specifics at different historical milestones, and the nature of its reflection on the screen. Thus, in the 1930s, jazz was synonymous with popular music and had a clear shade of humour and entertainment; in the late 1940s, it symbolized the ideological opponents of the country; and after the Khrushchev Thaw, it was considered an art, a kind of intellectual activity. In addition to the periodization of jazz cinema, the article provides a typology of films about jazz. The author presents a classification based on a set of qualities, such as maximum or minimum correlation of the plot of the film with jazz, participation of jazz musicians in it, and presence of a jazz soundtrack.

Without Destroying Ourselves: A Century of Native Intellectual Activism for Higher Education

Without Destroying Ourselves: A Century of Native Intellectual Activism for Higher Education

Wits Wellness Facilitates Engagement and Self-Efficacy for Practicing Healthy Behaviors

ABSTRACT Most adults 65 and older have one or more chronic health conditions and 11% are at risk for or have changing cognitive abilities. Also, more adults are socially isolated, increasing their risks for adverse health effects. Classes that build self-efficacy for increasing healthy behaviors and social engagement are important for older adults’ health and well-being. Wits Wellness, a 12-week evidence-informed workshop series, was designed to encourage social interaction, intellectual engagement, and healthy behaviors. Participant-level feasibility and acceptability were examined with a survey (N = 164) and six focus groups (N = 22). Content analysis was conducted on the survey and thematic analysis was utilized for the transcribed focus groups. Participants were satisfied with Wits Wellness and described how the course is intellectually engaging, facilitates social interaction, and encourages practicing healthy behaviors/skills. Focus group findings revealed that combining enjoyable intellectual activities with health information was acceptable and feasible. Participants appreciated the opportunity for social engagement, and Wits Wellness increased their confidence to engage in healthy behaviors. Participants also described continuing to participate in healthy and socially engaging activities after the workshop ended. Course improvement suggestions include having a skilled facilitator to manage online etiquette, offering activities that appeal to diverse skill sets, and offering shorter sessions for younger older adults.

Pokrovsky – Rubakin Bridge Theory: a Modern Reading

The development of digital technologies, which provide unprecedented growth in labor productivity, leads to the depreciation of material goods, resulting in the loss of habitual life guidelines for an ever-expanding share of the planet’s population. The purpose of the article is to determine the directions for transforming the activities of a public library, basing on the analysis of the current needs of residents of highly developed countries. Public library, in the author opinion, should become a place where each user will have the opportunity to come to a deep understanding of their own existence, discover talents and gain a stable life position through integration into intellectual and creative activity. The idea of mandatory gradualism – “step-by-step” nature of this process is drawn from the creative heritage of N. A. Rubakin and A. A. Pokrovsky, who developed and put into practice the “theory of bridges” – an approach to the work of libraries that involved the gradual development of reading taste, ultimately aimed at the development of a harmonious personality. The author comes to the conclusion that the current task of libraries is to build bridges from primitive forms of creative activity to more and more meaningful and complicated one with the ultimate goal of leading each user to independent conscious creativity that helps to demonstrate all person’s abilities. As an example, the author provides the list of library services designed to work with segments of the teenage audience identified on the basis of “lifestyle,” which will allow them to unlock the potential of young users and help them to achieve intellectual and creative self-realization.

Formation of intellectual property commercialization strategies

The object of research is the process that forms strategies and methods for effective commercialization of intellectual products at industrial enterprises. The problems of introducing intellectual property objects into the economic circulation in the field of industrial production have been analyzed. The most important of them are economic and managerial problems, which consist in the lack of necessary funding and are determined by the difficulty of assessing the market competitiveness of an intellectual product. Special attention was paid to market, technical-technological, and legal problems, the presence of which inhibits the development of the technological market and significantly affects the efficiency of intellectual and innovative activities. The presence of these problems predetermined the main goal of the study – to devise methods and strategies for the commercialization of intellectual property objects. Three basic strategies for the commercialization of intellectual products have been studied: the strategy of promoting an intellectual product, the strategy of diffusion of innovations, and the strategy of accumulating maximum income. Based on them, an integrated strategy for the commercialization of intelligent products for enterprises of the machine-building industry, which is oriented towards achieving the goals of maximizing the economic and social effect of the production of an intelligent product, was formed and substantiated. The main component of an integrated strategy is an organizational mechanism that provides investment support for innovative activities and scientific and consulting support for an intellectual product. The research results could be used to form programs of intellectual and innovative activity of industrial enterprises and would serve as a basis for further scientific research on these issues

Развитие правового регулирования использования интеллектуальной собственности в контексте задач инновационного производства

In corporate management system of innovative production, the presence of intellectual property maintains con-troversial and borderline position between economics and law. The effective use of such two-axis regulation within the company significantly affects its recovery and stimulates the introduction of new solutions based on intellectual innovations that contribute to the improvement of market competitiveness of the organization. Cur-rently, Russia is implementing the technological development concept, which contains the elements of “intel-lectual activity results”. While considering this issue in the context of global technological trends and transfor-mational changes in the field of advanced manufacturing technologies, solutions for legislative positive impact based on intellectual property rights are becoming relevant. In the context of digitalization of the process of cre-ation of new products and virtual testing it is recommended to consider the possibility of legislative registration of new intellectual property objects.

The association between synchrony and intellectual productivity in a group discussion : a study using the SenseChair

In recent years, multi-person meeting formats such as brainstorming sessions and hackathons have become prevalent in numerous workplaces. Despite the introduction of several effective methods and guidelines for these meeting formats, optimal performance is not always attained, even when utilizing such methods and guidelines. There has been active research to support intellectual production activities, and there is a demand to establish a quantitative index to assess the intellectual productivity of a group. In this study, we employed a method for evaluating the intellectual productivity of a group by analyzing the physical movements of conversationalists during discussions. With our main focus on the synchrony of conversationalists, we examined the correlation between synchrony and intellectual productivity and delved further into our analysis, specifically exploring the relationship between pairwise synchrony and various factors such as the number of ideas generated, the number of idea categories, and the originality of ideas produced during a discussion. Our analysis revealed a marginally significant positive correlation between the mean value of pairwise synchrony and the number of ideas generated by the team during the discussion. Our findings indicate that, as more pairs synchronize their body movements during a discussion, a greater number of ideas are generated by the team. Additionally, we suggest that analyzing local pairwise synchrony, focusing on pairs of participants rather than all participants in the discussion could provide further insights into the correlation with the intellectual productivity of the group as a whole.

Digital Intellectual Property and its Protection

Purpose — to determine the meaning and content of new terms of the theory of law, which will later be used in other branches of law. To actualize the problem of digital intellectual property objects. Identify the gray zones of legal regulation that have arisen in practice and analyze changes in judicial practice in 2022-2023. Methods. Classical methods are used. It showed high efficiency: a comparative legal, dialectical-materialistic method, formal-legal. Results. The list of intellectual property objects is expanding. New entrepreneurial activities are emerging, based on the collection of information and the creation of 3D models. Gaps in legislation lead to many years of litigation, unforeseen expenses, the inability to determine the outcome of a legal conflict. As a legislative proposal: to eliminate the identified problems, it is advisable to revise Article 1225 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation "Protected Results of Intellectual Activity and Means of Individualization" taking into account those objects that have formed in the construction sector. Discussion. Actualization of problems in the terminology of the theory of law, which create difficulties in the application of legal norms in various types of legal activity. Increasing the importance and scientific value of interdisciplinary research. It is necessary to unify terminology affecting digital intellectual property objects in various branches of law. The protection of intellectual rights can be strengthened.