Institutions Of Higher Professional Education Research Articles

Teaching «Jurisprudence» in educational institutions of higher professional education of a non-legal profile

Teaching «Jurisprudence» in educational institutions of higher professional education of a non-legal profile

Оптимизация кадровой работы некоммерческих организаций как условие обеспечения их конкурентоспособности

The article examines the situation with the staffing of socially oriented non-profit organizations that has developed in Russia in recent years. The relevance of the affected issues is due to the high importance of the activities of subjects of the non-profit sector of the economy to ensure the economic and social development of Russia. The methodology of the research conducted in the article is based on a statistical analysis of quantitative data reflecting the current situation in the field of staffing of socially oriented non-profit organizations. Based on the results of the analysis, a conclusion is drawn about the downward dynamics of the number of socially oriented non-profit organizations employees (and, accordingly, the insufficiency of their current number to ensure the development of the tertiary sector of the economy). Separately, there is a decrease in the level of public involvement in the functioning of the subjects of the non-profit sector of the economy, which is recorded on the basis of data on the nature of changes in the number of employees. The practical significance of the conducted research lies in the substantiation by the authors of the need to develop the personnel policy of socially oriented non-profit organizations based on the results of a detailed analysis of the relevant indicative indicators, as well as in the development of appropriate recommendatory measures. Thus, the organization of personnel work with volunteers, who, according to the authors, are more likely to be able to join staff of socially oriented non-profit organizations than representatives of other categories of potential employees, is positioned as the main direction of transformation of this area. In addition, the positive effect of the organization of internships by socially oriented non-profit organizations for students and graduates of secondary and higher professional education institutions is emphasized, which will allow potential employees to familiarize themselves with the goals of socially oriented non-profit organizations and their key values.

Lecture: "First Aid to the Population in Case of Traumatic Shock during Accidents, Catastrophes, Natural Disasters, and Terrorist Attacks. Anti-shock Measures in the Center of Mass Destruction and during the Evacuation Stages" of the Subject "Life Safety" for Humanitarian and Technical Universities

To prepare the population for first aid in case of traumatic shock, algorithms for the fundamentals of didactics of the educational topic “First aid to the population in case of traumatic shock during accidents, disasters, natural disasters and terrorist attacks” of the subject “Life Safety” are proposed. 32 years of experience in teaching the subject in humanitarian state educational institutions of higher professional education of a non-medical profile in the city of Syktyvkar are summarized. Educational questions are considered: 1) The concept of shock; 2) Traumatic shock; 3) Mechanisms of injury that contribute to the development of traumatic shock. Predisposing factors. Complications. At-risk groups; 4) Classification, phases, and degrees of shock; 5) Universal first aid algorithm; 6) Basic anti-shock measures in the source of mass destruction and at the stages of evacuation; 7) Features of anti-shock measures in children; 8) Typical first aid mistakes for traumatic shock. For each of the educational issues considered, a summary of the material presented is given. Depending on the purpose of studying the topic, purpose, content of educational material, and form of organization of training, the number of hours allocated to its presentation and study in various forms of the educational process is established. Their distribution includes 1 lecture (2 hours), 1 seminar (2), 1 practical lesson (2), and 6 hours of independent work by students.

STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE FORMATION OF FUTURE BACHELORS IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING IN VOCATIONAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

The research objective. The purpose of this article is to develop a structural and functional model of the formation of professional competence of future bachelors in computer engineering in institutions of vocational higher education. The statement of main materials. The structural-functional model of the formation of professional competence of future bachelors in computer engineering in professional higher education institutions was developed within the framework of the conducted research. It consists of a set of four interrelated blocks that ensure its functioning: conceptual, content-technological, competence, diagnostic. We will describe each of the components of the model in more detail.

Attitudes of Users of the World-Class West Siberian Interregional Research and Education Center to Open Science

Open science is becoming one of the modern trends and a permanent object of study, including awareness and attitude of scientists from different countries, involvement of subject areas and individual scientific institutions. The purpose of the study is to investigate the attitude of users engaged in research activities in institutions of higher professional education, research organizations and manufacturing enterprises, united in the world-class West Siberian Interregional Scientific and Educational Center, to open science. When composing the questionnaire consisting of 38 questions, a comprehensive approach to the study of the problem was used, The questionnaire has six sections that reflect the most important aspects necessary to study the attitude of researchers to open scientific publications and their awareness of this issue. The survey involves 563 respondents whose research interests are related to various subject areas. The survey revealed their attitudes towards open access publishing of research results, their knowledge of open access resources, open science communications and data sharing principles, as well as emerging issues and concerns about open access initiatives. The study is practically important for the development of recommendations for forming information culture of users from higher education institutions in the field of open science. It is also important for the development of new directions in the activities of university libraries, and in this regard to that of methodology for the basis of training programs for library professionals in the framework of additional and professional education.

Lecture: “First Aid to the Population in Case of Heat and Sunstroke during Accidents, Catastrophes, Natural Disasters and Terrorist Attacks” of the Subject “Life Safety” for Humanitarian and Technical Universities

To prepare the population for first aid in case of heat and sunstroke in the context of global warming, algorithms for the basics of didactics of the educational topic “Heat and sunstroke” of the subject “Life safety” are proposed. The 30-year experience of teaching the subject in humanitarian state educational institutions of higher professional education of a non-medical profile in Syktyvkar is summarized. For each of the considered educational issues, a brief summary of the material presented is given.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ КОНВЕРГЕНЦИИ СТАНДАРТОВ УЧЕБНЫХ ПРОГРАММ И СТАНДАРТОВ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ НАВЫКОВ ДЛЯ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТЕЙ ВЫСШЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

Taking as the object of research the courses of materials and processing technologies in higher professional educational institutions, starting with the analysis of the standards of the curricula of the industrial design group and standards of professional skills in higher professional educational institutions, the article explores how to achieve the alignment of curriculum standards and standards of professional skills, striving to ensure a high level. This provides new ideas for the development of professional curriculum standards and effectively promotes curriculum reform based on work processes in higher professional institutions.

ПУТИ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ УПРАВЛЕНЦЕВ ДЛЯ ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ

The economic growth of the state depends on the quality of human capital in the national labor market. This factor is provided by the education system, primarily professional. The quality of vocational education largely depends on how effectively senior and middle managers of higher educational institutions work. Therefore, the problem of providing universities with highly qualified managers is extremely relevant. The use of talent management, which is popular in the modern world, can help solve this problem. But the mechanical transfer of standard approaches of talent management is unproductive, since it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the educational organization’s activities. Therefore, the competence model of heads of institutions of higher professional education differs from that for other business areas and should be unique to a certain extent, i.e. reflecting the peculiarities of corporate culture and specialization of a particular university. An essential condition is the fact that university leaders must manage the competitiveness of the university, which requires competitive competencies in combination with academic ones. In the course of the research, general scientific methods were used (analysis of publications on the research topic, the method of expert assessments, etc.). The result of the study were conclusions that should become the basis for the development of a management training system for higher educational institutions.

ПОДДЕРЖКА РАЗВИТИЯ МОЛОДЕЖНОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЯХ

The presented article discusses programs and practices of state support for youth entrepreneurship, forms of participation of youth business incubators in the system of development of youth innovative projects and initiatives, examples are given. An overview of a number of modern grant competitions is presented that stimulate the development of youth startups with state support and within the framework of national projects of our country, as well as implemented jointly with educational programs of institutions of higher professional education. Some theoretical research of domestic researchers in the field of research of factors stagnating the development of youth entrepreneurship is summarized. The need to scale up the activities of youth business incubators as one of the possible practical solutions in the field of overcoming deprivation barriers to the activation of youth entrepreneurial initiatives has been actualized.

Problems of developing a specialized software module for automation of personnel registration in an institution

The automation problems at personnel registration in an institution of higher professional education are considered. A specialized database management system, that implements the main functions necessary for monitoring personnel registration, compiling and editing staffing, as well as a number of service functions for generating and printing various documents and reports, is developed. Keywords management, automation, database management system, personnel registration, software module, information system

Анатомо-биомеханическая характеристика костного остова свободной тазовой конечности у представителей зайцеобразных

The article presents the results of studies of a complex methodological approach, including morphometry of tubular bones and foot, followed by determination of their development indices, characteristics of compact bone tissue, radiography and radiogrammetry according to the biomechanical study. The digital material was subjected to statistical processing. The studies were carried out at the Department of Anatomy and Histology of Animals named after Professor A. F. Klimov of the K. I. Skryabin Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the Moscow State Automobile and Mechanical Engineering Academy, as well as at the National Medical Research Centre of Traumatology and Orthopaedics named after N. N. Priorov. The material for the study were the pelvic limbs of the Soviet chinchilla rabbit (n=20) and the pelvic limbs of the Rusak hare (n=12), without signs of pathology, with body weight from 4 to 7 kg. In the comparative analysis, relative indices and biomechanical indices affecting the character of the statolocomotor act in the studied animals were established. Structural and biomechanical parallels of the pelvic limb bone framework in closely related representatives of hares were established, which reflect its high adaptive plasticity associated with the specialisation of the stato-locomotor act. The results obtained are normative in the issues of experimental modelling of pathologies of the bone structure of the musculoskeletal apparatus.

About the legal status of university teachers of the Russian Empire

Currently, a new reform of higher professional education is planned in Russia. This reform should address a very wide range of issues that characterize different aspects of the life of institutions of higher professional education, both organizational, defining the external forms of this life, and the substantive aspects of the activities of universities, i. e. those that determine the meaning of their very existence. It is quite obvious that any social reform, before starting its implementation, should have answers to three main questions. First of all, it requires the most detailed analysis of the current and current model, identification and statement of negative and, which is not excluded at all, positive aspects in its functioning. Secondly, we need to strive to build as detailed a project as possible of the model that should be created as a result of the reform. Finally, it is very important to develop a mechanism for the transition from the current model to the new one. This mechanism should also be very specific and variable. I would like to hope that the current reformers not only formulated these three questions, but also gave answers to them. When solving all three issues, it is necessary to rely on historical experience. On the one hand, practice gives us numerous examples of various types of education models — both effective and questionable in this regard. On the other hand, there are no less numerous examples of actual education reforms, i. e. technologies of transition from one educational model to another. This experience must be taken into account. And Russia is no exception here.

Оценка эффективности нового режима дозирования препарата рекомбинантного интерферона α-2b, суппозитории ректальные, в терапии гриппа и других ОРВИ у детей с отклонениями в состоянии здоровья

Objective. To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of a new modified regimen of Viferon®, rectal suppositories, compared with placebo in the complex therapy of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections in children aged from one month to 18 years with functional and morphofunctional health deviations (health groups II–IV). Patients and methods. We present the results of analysis for 66 patients recruited at the State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Tver State Medical Academy" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation within the framework of a multicentre double-blind placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and safety of Viferon®, rectal suppositories as a treatment for influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections. Patients were randomised into two groups – group 1 received symptomatic therapy and Viferon®, rectal suppositories, dosage according to age group. Group 2 patients received similar symptomatic therapy and placebo preparation. Therapy was carried out for 10 days, follow-up of patients – 10 days of therapy and further in 1, 3 and 6 months after the end of treatment. Statistical analysis of data was performed using biostatistical programming language R (version 4.0.3), as well as MS Word 10 and MS Excel 10 applications. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. Results. Inclusion of Viferon®, rectal suppositories in the therapy of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections in children with abnormal health status allowed to shorten the time of improvement and recovery, contributed to the reduction of the proportion of patients with complicated course of the disease compared to placebo. The use of Viferon®, rectal suppositories allowed not only therapeutic effect on the course of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections, but also promoted rapid recovery of the antioxidant defence system of the organism and prevented the development of repeated episodes of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections during follow-up. Conclusion. Complex therapy of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections in children with functional and morphofunctional abnormalities in health status (belonging to health groups II-IV) using a new modified dosing regimen of Viferon®, rectal suppositories with higher doses and duration of the course of therapy allows to reduce the time of improvement and recovery of patients compared to placebo. When using the drug Viferon®, rectal suppositories according to the new modified scheme of therapy in children with deviations in the state of health there was observed a reduction in the frequency of complicated course of influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections, as well as a decrease in recurrent episodes of the disease in the period of follow-up in 1 and 3 months. Due to highly active antioxidants included in the preparation Viferon®, rectal suppositories, its use had a favourable effect on the antioxidant defence system of the organism. Key words: influenza, ARVI, children, immunity, interferon, Viferon, antioxidant defence system of the organism

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СТРАТЕГИЙ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ КУРСОВ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯХ

Being one of the ten most fashionable buzzwords in the media, artificial intelligence has penetrated into all aspects of social production and life, especially in the development of smart homes, smart education, etc., which makes artificial intelligence more closely related to production and people’s lives, and the development of smart finance, smart transport, etc. It has also brought great convenience to people’s lives. Artificial intelligence has become an inevitable trend in promoting social development. A large number of companies have joined the field of research, development and production of artificial intelligence, so there is an acute demand for artificial intelligence specialists in the market. It was added that higher professional educational institutions should closely integrate with market demand, introduce innovative teaching methods for specialties in the field of artificial intelligence and develop high-quality talents of practical application with skill and high quality.

The Latin Language as a Factor in the Formation of Professional and Intercultural Competencies of Medical Students in Higher Education

The article is devoted to such an important socio-cultural aspect of human life as obtaining professional and intercultural competencies in the process of educational activity. According to the author, Latin is a fusion of philological information and language skills, as well as legal norms, history, traditions, ethnic characteristics of behavior and thinking of native speakers of the language and culture. The author believes that in the long term, the task of foreign language education in an institution of higher professional education is the formation of a multilingual, well-educated person who is able to apply his knowledge in the process of professional intercultural communication. The above factors determine the relevance of the chosen topic. The subject of the study is professional and intercultural competencies formed with the direct participation of the Latin language. The object is the Latin language as an academic discipline of the curriculum of medical specialties. In the course of the research, the author aims to study the role of the Latin language in the process of professional development of medical university students as an integral part of the general humanitarian direction. For the successful realization of this goal, scientific sources of literature were analyzed. The methodological basis of the study is determined by the purpose of the work and is presented by the following methods: random sampling, definitional analysis, comparison and classification. Special attention in the successful acquisition of professional competencies of future specialists is paid to the interdisciplinary approach in training. As a result of the successful formation of competencies, students acquire not only knowledge of medical and biological terminology, but also the ability to use the acquired knowledge in simulated or real clinical conditions, as well as gain practical experience in operating with medical vocabulary in their future professional activities.

РЕТРОДОСВІД БЛАГОДІЙНОЇ ТА МЕЦЕНАТСЬКОЇ ПІДТРИМКИ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ

The actualization of research on the problem of charitable and philanthropic support for the formation of higher education institutions of Ukraine is due to the fact that constructive retro-experience has prospects for use for the post-war recovery and development of modern institutions of higher education in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to analyze the experience of charitable and philanthropic support for the establishment of higher education institutions in Ukraine at the beginning of the 19th century. Research methods. Achieving the goal of the article made it possible to use the methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, concretization and generalization. The article specifies the main approaches to interpreting the concepts of «charity», «charitable activity», «patronage», «patronage activity». Based on the analysis of dissertations and scientific publications, it was established that the establishment of higher education institutions in Ukraine at the beginning of the 19th century took place with significant charitable and philanthropic support from broad sections of the population: nobles, craftsmen, former Cossacks, and peasants. It manifested itself in the provision of funds for the opening of higher education institutions, the transfer of material assets and land allotments, etc., which significantly supplemented budget funding. The value of the experience of charitable and philanthropic support for the formation and development of the system of higher education in Ukraine in the first half of the 19th century is indicated, since philanthropists were the initiators and sponsors of the opening of most universities, higher women's courses, lyceums and schools (gymnasiums) of higher sciences, and philanthropic support for the opening and development of universities and institutions of higher professional education in Ukraine in the 19th century became a common phenomenon.

Актуализация профессионального стандарта «Педагог-психолог (психолог в сфере образования)»: содержательный анализ

<p style="text-align: justify;">Modern challenges and threats, the demands of society necessitate the expansion of the range of professional competencies of a teacher-psychologist. In this regard, a discussion of the professional standard “Teacher-psychologist (psychologist in the field of education)” was organized in the expert community and a survey was conducted in which 1,616 specialists from 8 Federal Districts of the Russian Federation, as well as the Luhansk People’s Republic, Donetsk People’s Republic and Kherson Region took part. A specially developed questionnaire was used as a tool to obtain information about the need to update the standard in key areas of the psychologist’s activity in the education system. As a part of the analysis of the survey results, the level of the professional education of a teacher-psychologist is discussed; the relevance of supporting participants in educational relations in educational institutions of higher professional education is indicated; the importance of supplementing the main type of professional activity of a teacher-psychologist is considered; the importance of interdepartmental interaction in the implementation of professional activities by a teacher-psychologist is noted.</p>

Actual problems of social inclusion of students in institutions of higher professional education, the graduates of orphanages

Introduction. At the present stage of the dynamic development of society, the problem of socialization and adaptation of children, primarily orphans, remains unchanged. The skills acquired within the walls of orphanages do not always allow move effectively in obtaining a higher professional education. In this regard, it becomes relevant to study the problems of social inclusion of orphans. Research aim: study of topical problems of social inclusion and ways to overcome them among students, the graduates of orphanages. Materials and methods: Based on the analysis of theoretical data, an empirical study was conducted, in which graduates of orphanages (students and graduates of various Russian universities, as well as future applicants) took part. The study used the focus group method. At the second stage, an express survey was conducted in the form of an online survey of graduates of orphanages in order to find out their attitude towards entering a higher educational institution. Results. The study found that orphanage graduates are highly motivated to get a higher education and a good job after graduation, despite certain problems of social inclusion. This contradicts the generally accepted opinion that orphans are not ready to receive a higher professional education. In addition, problems of a domestic and psychological nature are not considered by respondents as serious obstacles to achieving the goal. Rather, they are willing to try new things and take risks. The above requires a rethinking of approaches to working with orphans, both in orphanages and in universities. Scientific novelty of the study is in specifying the reasons why graduates of orphanages do not want to enter higher educational institutions. First of all, it is the need for additional efforts that complicate life, selfdoubt and the lack of a positive experience of entering an institution of higher professional education among acquaintances. Among the ideal conditions for the formation of a professional career are the presence of a foster family, more significant adult support and information. Practical significance is in the possibility of using the data obtained to focus on motivating and informing orphans, providing support and more active search for foster families for them. Conclusion. This study allows taking a closer look at the problems of graduates of orphanages who entered universities and suggests focusing on supporting the independence of students and passing on a positive experience of studying at a university to their peers.

«Обучение в сотрудничестве» как технология профориентационной работы со школьниками на базе педагогического университета

The aim of the study is to assess the nature of the impact of the work formats used as a part of the collaborative learning technology aimed at creating conditions for the pre-professional training of schoolchildren at a pedagogical university. Based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the survey data of the participants of the School for Young Teachers, the paper specifies the influence of the used variants of interaction for different ages on the formation of a positive emotional response and attitude of schoolchildren to the field of pedagogical activity under consideration as an individual professional and educational priority. The scientific novelty of the study lies in clarifying the importance of using the collaborative learning technology as a strategy of polysubject communication and activity in solving the problems of career guidance work with schoolchildren in the format of the School for Young Teachers, namely, in differentiating high school students’ emotional attitude to the proposed options for the interaction with peers, students and teachers, aimed at introducing them to the system of knowledge, skills, related to the choice of profession in the field of pedagogy. As a result, it has been shown that the collaborative learning technology has a significant potential in the organisation of career guidance work with students on the basis of institutions of higher professional education, associated with pronounced social and psychological benefits and a general positive perception by schoolchildren focused on the choice of pedagogical activity.

Немецкая система пропаганды на оккупированной советской территории: структура, формы, методы, содержание и эффективность деятельности (на примере Генерального округа Беларусь)

Importance. The interest in the research is due to the political events and processes taking place in the post-Soviet area. Russia is responding to military-technological and moral-ideological challenges. At the same time, the western information war launched against Russia axiologically, semantically has many analogies with the content of German propaganda in the occupied Soviet territory during the Great Patriotic War. The purpose of the research is to determine the order of organization, forms, methods and content, principles and effectiveness of the activities of propaganda bodies. Materials and methods. The materials of the General District Belarus, the chronological framework of the research – 1941–1944 are considered. Historical documents of the funds of the National Archive of the Republic of Belarus (NARB) were used. The latter are normative acts of the German civil administration of the General District Belarus, as well as materials of Nazi propaganda. The results of the research are of practical importance: they can be used in the educational and educational process in institutions of higher professional education. Conclusion. The propaganda activity of the German authorities on the Belarusian territory had a number of distinctive features. The ideological impact on the local population had the character of a well-organized work, which was built by analogy with the propaganda system of Nazi Germany. The propaganda was carried out taking into account the psychological and cultural-historical characteristics of the local population. In general, propaganda was assigned the role of a preventive tool in ensuring a calm rear and in fulfilling the economic and political tasks of the German Reich in the occupied territories.