Input Andoutput Research Articles

UniBoard2, A Generic Scalable High-Performance Computing Platform for Radio Astronomy

With the ever-increasing data rates in radio astronomy, a universal Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based hardware platform which can be used at different locations in the signal processing chain, like a beamformer, data router or correlator, would reduce development time significantly. In this paper, we present the design of such a platform, the UniBoard2. With UniBoard2, both large rack-based and single-board systems can be made. Standard Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable (QSFP) input and output (IO) interfaces on the front side make it easy to interface UniBoard2 to standard 40 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) network equipment. Hardware design challenges, like transceiver links, power supplies, power dissipation and cooling are described. The paper concludes with some examples of systems (like beamformers and correlators) that can be built using the UniBoard2 hardware platform.

Use several tests on the residual with control panel X to diagnose equation error models

In this research several models were matched of dynamic linear systems of the equation error models which included ARMAX and ARX and applied using stationary on a series of inputand output series. Then choice the best model based on statistical criteria AIC, FPE, Loss Function model was ARX. The second method using the intervention on a series of inputs and also to choices the best model based on statistical criteria AIC, FPE, Loss Function model was ARX. After that was the comparison between the ARX model using stationary and the ARX model using intervention based on several tests of the residual for both models, as well as test residual using one charts control its quality.

Design of dual wideband bandpass filter using stub loaded multi‐mode resonators

AbstractIn this paper, a novel dual wideband microstrip bandpass filter is proposed. The designed filter is constructed by two different stub loaded resonators located at the upper and bottom sides of the coupling line. The coupling transmission line is also connected to input and output (IO) ports. The upper resonator creates a wide passband, whereas the bottom resonator is used to create two transmission zeros in the passband. Thus, a wide passband can be divided into dual wide passbands. The bottom resonator is also utilized to improve the insertion and return losses in the passband. The designed filter is fabricated and tested in a very good agreement with the simulated results. The measured fractional bandwidths (FBWs) of the passbands are 44.6% and 24.2% at the center frequencies of 3.4 GHz and 5.51 GHz, respectively. The measured insertion losses in the passbands are 0.51 dB and 1.13 dB.

Financial literacy of students in chosen universities – research platform for regulatory processes of educational system in Slovakia

The main goal of this paper is to compare the level of fi nancial literacy among the selected faculties of economics in Slovakia and to elaborate a comparison of fi nancial literacy level at both input and output level, i.e. between the university students at the beginning of their Bachelor study and the university students who are in the fi nal stage of their Master study. In addition, we want to analyze the level of fi nancial literacy by means of practical tasks aimed at confi rmation or rejection of the prospect theory principles. Concerning methods we statistically process our primary data which were collected through the survey 2015/2016 from Slovak University of economics in Kosice, Presov and Bratislava. Inter alia, we analyze correlative data dependence of selected variables. The survey is focused also on fi nancial behavior of respondents and their skills in terms of fi nancial literacy concept. Last but not least, we deal with features of respondents’ fi nancial decision making under the conditions of risk and uncertainty. At fi rst, we show that statistically signifi cant dependency of FL level on respondents’ sex does exist. Male respondents reached higher FL than female ones. Hypothesis of better high school education of economy at Business Secondary School was rejected, rate of fi nancially literate respondents who attended Grammar School or Business Secondary School is comparable. Subsequently, students in their last year of studies at EKF TUKE and NHF EUBA have signifi cantly higher level of FL than those students who are at the beginning of their studies. Contrary, at FM PU the rate of fi nancially illiterate fi rst-year students was lower than the rate of fi nancially literate students in their last year of studies. We found out a correlation of FL with decision-making based on prospect theory. The results of the presented research provide important information for policy makers who should refl ect on present status of this issue in Slovakia.

ANALISIS KINERJA RANTAI PASOK IKAN NILA PADA BANDAR SRIANDOYO DI KECAMATAN TUGUMULYO KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS

Abstract. Measurement of supply chain performance is a necessary as an approach inorder to optimize supply chain of tilapia fish in Musi Rawas Regency. The purpose ofthis research is to analyze the performance of the supply chain of tilapia fish, and theefficiency of supply chain performance of tilapia fish at Bandar Sriandoyo inTugumulyo District, Musi Rawas Regency. The method that employed to measure theperformance of supply chain of tilapia fish was by comparing the value of SCORmetric performance attribute on partner farmer and Bandar Sriandoyo with superiortarget value on benchmarking. Analysis of efficiency of supply chain performance oftilapia fish was employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The input andoutput variables were based on the performance attributes of SCOR metrics. The resultsof measuring the performance of the supply chain of tilapia fish on the partner farmersand Bandar Sriandoyo has generally achieved good performance compared to thebenchmark. Where some performance attributes had achieved the target of the superiorstatus that is the best performance achievement. While the attributes of deliveryperformance and conformity with the standard achived the target of the advantage(middle) status. The results of chain performance efficiency measurement showed that23 partner farmers (60%) had achieved technical efficiency and having 100%performance efficiency value. While 15 partner farmers (40%) had not reachedtechnical efficiency. Bandar Sriandoyo has achieved technical efficiency because it hasachived a 100% performance efficiency rate, which means that the input and outputfactors are running according to the target.

Data envelopment analysis procedure with two non-homogeneous DMU groups

The classic data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is used to evaluate decision-making units' (DMUs) efficiency under the assumption that all DMUs are evaluated with the same criteria setting. Recently, new researches begin to focus on the efficiency analysis of non-homogeneous DMU arose by real practices such as the evaluation of departments in a university, where departments argue for the adoption of different criteria based on their disciplinary characteristics. A DEA procedure is proposed in this paper to address the efficiency analysis of two non-homogeneous DMU groups. Firstly, an analytical framework is established to compromise diversified input and output (IO) criteria from two non-homogenous groups. Then, a criteria fusion operation is designed to obtain different DEA analysis strategies. Meanwhile, Friedman test is introduced to analyze the consistency of all efficiency results produced by different strategies. Next, ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators are applied to integrate different information to reach final conclusions. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate the proposed method. The result indicates that the proposed method relaxes the restriction of the classical DEA model, and can provide more analytical flexibility to address different decision analysis scenarios arose from practical applications.

A Constant Acoustic Impedance Mount for Sheet-Type Specimens in the Tensile Split-Hopkinson Bar

This paper addresses a problem well-known amongst practitioners of the Split-Hopkinson Tension Bar method: attaching a flat test specimen made from sheet material to the cylindrical input-and output bars. To date, slotting the bar ends and gluing the specimens into these ends with high-strength adhesives is the gold standard. However, this approach is not universally applicable because some materials are difficult to bond, and the adhesion surface is limited by the bar diameter, meaning that only small width specimens can be tested. In contrast, the hitherto published mechanical clamping mechanisms typically introduce excessive additional mass into the Split-Hopkinson system which detrimentally affects wave propagation and thus causes errors in the stress-strain signals. We circumvent this problem by designing a mechanical clamping device which has the same acoustic impedance as the bar material and is suitable to securely attach specimens with a width larger than the bar diameter. The benefits of our new clamping device are demonstrated by reporting tensile stress-strain data for Polycarbonate at high strain rates. The data is free from unwanted oscillations and enables accurate determination of dynamic strength and stiffness.

An Algorithmic Crystal Ball: Forecasts-Based on Machine Learning

Forecasting macroeconomic variables is key to developing a view on a country's economic outlook.Most traditional forecasting models rely on fitting data to a pre-specified relationship between inputand output variables, thereby assuming a specific functional and stochastic process underlying thatprocess. We pursue a new approach to forecasting by employing a number of machine learningalgorithms, a method that is data driven, and imposing limited restrictions on the nature of the truerelationship between input and output variables. We apply the Elastic Net, SuperLearner, andRecurring Neural Network algorithms on macro data of seven, broadly representative, advanced andemerging economies and find that these algorithms can outperform traditional statistical models,thereby offering a relevant addition to the field of economic forecasting.

Modeling and test of flywheel vibration isolation system for space telescope

Studied on the flywheel micro vibration isolator of a space telescope, the relationship between input and output (I-O) disturbance force and velocity vector is described by the characteristic transfer matrix in the subsystem of the flywheel vibration isolation. The elastic support coupling vibration transfer matrix of the vibration isolator is derived, and the vibration transfer characteristics of the vibration isolation system are studied. The dynamic model of the three degrees coupled vibration isolation system about the flywheel micro vibration excitation, multi elastic support and basic structure is established on the admittance method and partition subsystem. Model simulation and the flywheel vibration isolation system test results show that the two spectra are consistent basically in the frequency components, the form of vortex frequency curve and the change of amplitude, which indicates that the key factors of the vibration characteristics of the flywheel vibration isolation system are accurate and the theoretical analysis is correct. The sub structure analysis method effectively avoids the complexity of the solution of the state vector of the sub structure coupling interface. The elastic support coupled vibration transfer matrix can solve the problem of the sub structure integration and merging, and integrated modeling and analysis in active and passive support system.

RF pa linearization by signals modified in baseband digital domain

This paper represents the linearization of the RF power amplifier performed by a new approach that combines two different methods exploiting the modified baseband signals. The signals for linearization in both methods are formed and processed in digital domain. The required modified baseband signals for linearization are products of the second order nonlinearity of a nonlinear system fed by the useful baseband signal. In the first method, adequate part of the modified baseband signal is adjusted in amplitude and polarity and injected at the input and output of the amplifier transistor across the series LC resonant circuit. In the second method, the appropriate modified baseband signal set on the appropriate amplitude and phase modulates the fundamental carrier second harmonic, which is then inserted at the input and output of the amplifier transistor. The effects of the combined linearization method are considered on a single stage power amplifier for quadrature amplitude modulated signals characterized with frequency spacing between spectral components up to 60 MHz for different input power levels, as well as for WCDMA digitally modulated signal.

Dysfunction of Somatostatin-Positive Interneurons Associated with Memory Deficits in an Alzheimer’s Disease Model

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive decline and neuronal network dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In the hippocampus, microcircuit activity during learning and memory processes is tightly controlled by O-LM interneurons. Here, we investigated the effect of beta-amyloidosis on O-LM interneuron structural and functional connectivity, combining two-photon invivo imaging of synaptic morphology, awake Ca2+ imaging, and retrograde mono-transsynaptic rabies tracing. We find severely impaired synaptic rewiring that occurs on the O-LM interneuron input andoutput level in a mouse model of AD. Synaptic rewiring that occurs upon fear learning on O-LM interneuron input level is affected in mice with AD-like pathology. This process requires the release of acetylcholine from septo-hippocampal projections. We identify decreased cholinergic action on O-LM interneurons in APP/PS1 mice as a key pathomechanism that contributes to memory impairment ina mouse model, with potential relevance for humanAD.

Three Phase Dual Input Direct Matrix Converter for Integration of Two AC Sources from Wind Turbines

This project proposes a novel dual-input matrix converter (DIMC) which is used to integrate the output of the wind energy to a power grid. The proposed matrix converter is developed based on the traditional indirect matrix converter under reverse power flow operation mode, but with its six-switch voltage source converter replaced by a nine-switch configuration followed by the current source inverter (CSI). Matrix electric power conversion topologies and their switch functions are flexible and are used for specific applications. With the additional three switches, the proposed DIMC can provide six input terminals, which make it possible to integrate two independent AC sources from two independent wind turbines into a single grid tied power electronics interface. Commanded currents can be extracted from the two input sources to the grid. The proposed PI control and modulation schemes guaranteed sinusoidal input and output waveforms as well as reduced THD. The simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control and modulation schemes for the proposed converter.

Profitability and efficiency of cucumber production among smallholder farmers in Oyo state, Nigeria

Cucumber is one of the most important exotic vegetables in Nigeria. Its profile is rising due to widespread knowledge of its inherent health benefits. To sustain the availability of the crop in order to meet increasing demand, there is the need to enhance its productivity. Crop productivity depends on the efficient use of both material and human resources utilized in the production process. This study therefore examined profitability and efficiency of cucumber production in Iseyin local government area of Oyo state. Primary data on socioeconomic characteristics of farmers, input and output quantity and prices were collected from 73 cucumber farmers and analyzed using descriptive statistics, budgetary technique and stochastic frontier. Majority of the farmers were male (96.7%) with average age of 46.4 years. An average of 17.1 years of farming experience cut across both gender groups. The average hectare was 1.5 with average yield of 5,368 kg/ha. Budgetary analysis revealed that net profit of N=239,440/ha, profit margin percentage of 55.8% and returns on every naira invested of 1.26 were obtained. This is an indication that cucumber production is profitable in the study area. The result of the stochastic frontier indicated that farm size and volume of agrochemical used significantly influenced cucumber production. Age, education status of farmers and access to credit were the significant factors determining technical efficiency of the farmers in the study area. Mean technical efficiency of production was 0.68. The study recommends capacity building for farmers on an appropriate combination of resources.

관광산업 인적자원개발의 전략과 유형검토: 지역인적자원개발사업을 중심으로

본 논문은 지식기반사회에서 중요성이 강조되고 있는 인적자원개발의 중요성을 알아보고, 인적자원개발의 전략과 유형에 따른 효과를 종합적으로 검토하기 위해 진행하였다. 특히, 대표적인 서비스산업으로 인적자원의 활용이 핵심을 이루는 관광산업을 중심으로 세부적인 전략을 검토하여, 관련 분야의 활성화와 인적자원개발 정책이 나아갈 방향을 제시하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 인적자원개발영역별 투입요소와 산출요소에 대한 분석을 수행한 결과 개발영역에 따른 차별화된 효과를 검토할 수 있었다. 특히, 관광개발사업의 경우에는 다른 영역에 비해 높은 취업자를 배출하였으며, 지역특성화 지원 영역에서는 다른 영역에 비해 많은 수료자를 배출하는 것으로 나타났다. 이후 관광산업분야를 중심으로 투입 및 산출요소에 대한 통계적 접근을 수행하여 개발 영역에 따른 차별화된 유형과 전략을 검토 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 향후에는 각 영역이 갖는 특성과 목적을 바탕으로 차별화된 인적자원개발 전략의 수립 사업운영이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 【The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of Human Resources Development by type and strategy, and to review the importance of Human resources Development in the knowledge-based society in a comprehensive way. In particular, the paper reviews the tourism industry, one of the typical service industry, for which the utilization of the Human Resources is crucial. and it presents a specific direction policy of Human Resources Development in the field. An analysis was performed for each area of Human Resources Development inputs and output factors which lead to achieve the purpose of the study was to review the characteristics of the Human Resources Development area. After reviewing, the tourism industry was differentiated according to type of strategy development areas through a statistical approach to the input and output elements around. In this study, along with the estabilishment of a Human Resources development strategy bases on the nature and purpose of differentiation with future Human resource Development in each region showed that the operations of the business need.】

A Comparison of ANN and HSPF Models for Runoff Simulation in Balkhichai River Watershed, Iran

In this study, the capability of two different types of models including Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF) as a process-based model and ANN as a data-driven model in simulating runoff was evaluated. The considered area is the Balkhichai River watershed in northwest of Iran. HSPF is a semi-distributed deterministic, continuous and physically-based model that can simulate the hydrologic cycle, associated water quality and quantity and process on pervious and impervious land surfaces and streams. Artificial neural network (ANN) is probably the most successful learning machine technique with flexible mathematical structure which is capable of identifying complex non-linear relationships between input and output data without attempting to reach the understanding of the nature of the phenomena. Statistical approach depending on cross-, auto- and partial-autocorrelation of the observed data is used as a good alternative to the trial and error method in identifying model inputs. The performances of ANN and HSPF models in calibration and validation stages are compared with the observed runoff values in order to identify the best fit forecasting model based upon a number of selected performance criteria. Results of runoff simulation indicated that the simulated runoff by ANN was generally closer to the observed values than those predicted by HSPF.

Rotary isochoric combustion chamber of a gas turbine engine

In the article the combustion processes in isochoric rotating combustion chamber and the combustionproducts expansion in the turbine and the nozzle are considered, the main theoretical calculations are provided.The peculiarity of the combustion chamber design of the gas turbine engine is that it is formed by a rotary diskcomposed of a boss and blades, oriented along the axis of rotation, joined at the ends by the shell and the inputand output disks with slots. The slots on the input disk are designed to fill the combustion chamber with the fuelair charge. The slots on the output disk are designed for the output of combustion products and feeding them onthe turbine blades. The process of combustion of the fuel-air mixture occurs when the blade-to-blade space of thecombustion chamber is closed by the input and output disks. The combustion occurs in a confined space, i.e. thecondition of the isochoric process is fulfilled. It is shown that the gas emerging from the chamber after combustionat =соnst, is expanded in the turbine and doing work. The available turbine work in a gas turbine enginedepends on the nature of the combustion chamber filling and, consequently, on the cycle implemented in theplant. The actual work of the turbine is determined by the value of its efficiency, which, in turn, depends on thenature of the expansion process. The research carried out has allowed to conclude that the use of gas turbineplants with the cycle =соnst can increase the thermal efficiency by 20%. This concerns, first of all, gas turbineengines with a small degree of pressure rise and is expressed in increased power and efficiency without changingthe mass of the engine. In addition, the use of cycle =соnst in conventional gas turbine engines at maximumoperation does not require significant design changes.

Graphics processing unit-assisted density profile calculations in the KSTAR reflectometer.

Wavelet transform (WT) is widely used in signal processing. The frequency modulation reflectometer in the KSTAR applies this technique to get the phase information from the mixer output measurements. Since WT is a time consuming process, it is difficult to calculate the density profile in real time. The data analysis time, however, can be significantly reduced by the use of the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), with its powerful computing capability, in WT. A bottle neck in the KSTAR data processing exists in the data input and output (IO) process between the CPU and its peripheral devices. In this paper, the details of the WT implementation assisted by a GPU in the KSTAR reflectometer are presented and the consequent performance improvement is reported. The real time density profile calculation from the reflectometer measurements is also discussed.

Design of slow-wave structure and beam-wave interaction simulation for helix traveling-wave tube

A Ku-band helix traveling-wave tube (TWT) is designed using theoretical analysis and simulation. The effect of the variation in inner radius on dispersion and coupled impedance is analyzed to optimize the slow-wave structure of helix TWT. The input and output structure of TWT is simulated, the input reflecting coefficient is less than -19 dB and the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is less than 1.24. Periodic permanent-magnetic field is used as electromagnetic focusing system, the magnetic system period is 8.5 mm and the magnetic peak value is 0.17 T. The slow-wave circuit with property of dynamic velocity tapper (DVT) is used to increase the interaction efficiency, it can provide enough time for the interaction of beam and high-frequency field and make electrons continuously transport energy to high-frequency field. The helix TWT is simulated using a three-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) code. The simulation results demonstrate that the output power is bigger than 88.7 W, the electron efficiency is bigger than 14.8% and the saturated gain is bigger than 34.6 dB in the frequency range from 12.5 to 16.0 GHz.

A Compiler Project with Learning Progression

We describe the design of an undergraduate compilers course for computer engineering students in which the projectis to write a simulator and synthesizer for (a subset of) VHDL. The traditional project for such a course is to write a compiler for (a subset of) some procedural programming language. The choice of source language is superficially intended to drive student engagement for computer engineers. The main pedagogical advantage of this project is that item bodies a learning progression: repetition with increasing complexity.This project involves two additional languages: a regular language for boolean waveforms (used for circuit simulator inputand output), and a context-free language for boolean formulas. Parsing and transformations are performed on these simpler languages before attempting them on the subset of VHDL. At the end of the project the students can simulate and synthesize simple circuits such as a ripple-carry adder or a multiplexer.

OPTIMUM LENGTH OF RAISING TIME AND THE RELATION WITH BUSINESS INCOME OF SIMMENTAL-ONGOLE GRADE CROSSBRED BEEF CATTLE FATTENING FARM IN WONOSOBO REGENCY-CENTRAL JAVA

Optimizing the length of raising time in cattle fattening business should be applied to increasefarmers’ income. A survey research was carried out to analyze the optimum raising duration and itsrelationship with income in the business of Simmental - Ongole Grade crossbred (SOG) beef cattlefattening. This research involved 50 farmers chosen purposively as respondents based on some specificcriteria, i.e. the farmers had been experienced at least for 5 years, the business scale was 1 – 3 bulls andthe cattle’s live weight was around 250 – 350 kg. Data were taken by cross section and time series for 3months, covering respondents’ identity, cattle business condition, business inputs, cattle’s weight, inputand output prices. The data were analyzed using combined data regression model. The optimum raisingduration was calculated using profit function per time, while the inputs were converted into timefunction. All of the costs and incomes of business were calculated. The results showed that the optimumraising duration of SOG beef cattle fattening was reached at the 1.5 months from the cattle aging 16.67months old. The amount of the total cost, revenue and income in the optimum raising duration were IDR7,161,740.00; IDR 7,797,100.00 and IDR 635,350.00, respectively. The amount of the cost, revenue andincome in the optimum raising duration per kg of cattle live weight, were IDR 23,247.00; IDR25,157.00 and IDR 1,910.00, respectively.