Innovative Generation Research Articles

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Flipped Interactive Learning: Building a Generation of Critical Thinkers, Skilled Communicators, Effective Collaborators, and Creative Innovators

This study examines the impact of targeted interventions on the development of 4C skills—critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity—among students in control and experimental groups. Using pre-test and post-test designs, the results revealed significant improvements in the experimental group compared to the control group. The experimental group showed a mean increase of 9.3 points in post-test scores, while the control group exhibited a smaller increase of 3.4 points. Statistical analyses confirmed the homogeneity and normality of the data, with significant differences observed between pre-test and post-test scores in the experimental group (p < 0.05). These findings align with constructivist theories, including Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development and Bloom's Taxonomy, emphasizing the role of active, student-centered learning in fostering higher-order thinking skills. The results also, highlighting the importance of integrating 21st-century skills into educational practices. The intervention’s success may be attributed to its ability to balance the cognitive load and foster intrinsic motivation through engaging in relevant tasks. This study supports innovative teaching strategies and underscores their transformative potential in modern education

Advances in Artificial Photosynthesis: The Role of Chalcogenides and Chalcogenide‐Based Heterostructures

AbstractArtificial photosynthesis, encompassing the photocatalytic generation of H2 and CO2 reduction innovations, seems to be a highly promising approach. This is due to its ability to efficiently transform CO2 into hydrocarbon fuel and valuable chemical products using solar energy as a direct energy source. This will simultaneously help to mitigate global warming and energy shortage issues. Chalcogenide‐based semiconductors have recently gotten a lot of attention as an important area of research for photocatalytic H2 production and CO2 conversion, owing to their low band gap energy, suitable band structures, and a great photoresponsivity spectrum. Modifying chalcogenides into their heterostructures could be a great way to solve problems like photo corrosion and carrier recombination. Therefore, this review summarized a series of different modifications of chalcogenides and recent developments in their photocatalytic and photo electrocatalytic performance, particularly in H2 production and CO2 conversion. Lastly, we discussed the challenges, limitations, areas for development, and future prospects of chalcogenides and their heterostructures capable of utilizing visible light to produce H2 gas and reduce CO2.

Leadership in higher education and societal transformation—Universities as catalyst for societal well-being

Leadership and the academic freedom of the Universities in a digitally changing world are the generators of innovation in society. This study is a qualitative and quantitative empirical research of the Leadership at the public and private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Kosovo, that examines their communication, authoritarian or liberal communication, and dominant perceptions and attitudes towards social, political, and financial strategies in HEI as a basis of social and economic wellbeing. The theory of research, as elaborated by Tight (2022), emphasizes the evolving nature of academic inquiry and the significance of context in shaping research practices. Waite (2013) highlights the pivotal role of communication strategies in determining the effectiveness of both democratic and authoritarian leadership styles. Effective communication in democratic leadership fosters transparency and collaboration, while in authoritarian leadership, it can be used to consolidate control and manage dissent The research was conducted at public and private HEI, through personal interviews and a structured questionnaire, which was carried out by the staff of higher management of HEI, academic staff, administrative staff, and students of the public and private Universities. The results demonstrated that academic and financial autonomy has a high impact on academic ethics and academic integrity and has a high impact on the increase of the economy and well-being in society, compared with the lack of academic and financial autonomy and interference of politics in the management of HEI which has an impact on lower quality and integrity of HEI in society. Leaders of Universities need to think about new leadership models more socially responsible and more ecologically sensible consumption oriented, from Society, to society for society.

Bridging the Gap Between the Source of Innovation and the Implementation of Circular Economy Principles in SMEs Within Emerging Economies: The Mediating Role of Frugal Innovation

ABSTRACTSmall and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in emerging economies encounter various challenges when it comes to adopting circular economy (CE) principles due to their resource‐constrained contexts. Consequently, they often rely on innovation to facilitate the implementation of these principles. In this study, we explore the effect of source of innovation, generation or adoption, on the implementation of CE principles within SMEs in emerging economies. We also go one step further and examine the mechanism through which the source of innovation affects the implementation of CE principles. We argue that in resource‐constrained contexts, firm may use frugal innovation as a mediator in the relationship between the source of innovation and the implementation of CE principles. We collected 306 survey responses from SMEs in India and Pakistan and analyzed the data through PLS‐SEM using SMARTPLS4 software. The findings indicate that both innovation generation and innovation adoption have a positive effect on implementing CE principles, with innovation adoption showing the most significant effect. Additionally, we discovered that frugal innovation plays a partial mediator role in the relationship between innovation generation/innovation adoption and implementing CE principles. These results suggest that SMEs in emerging economies can leverage both innovation generation and adoption to advance the adoption of CE principles, fostering the development of frugal innovations in the process, which further drive the implementation of CE principles. Moreover, our findings contribute to the ongoing research debate regarding the relationship between frugal innovation and sustainability, highlighting the impact of frugal innovation on environmental sustainability.

Biomedical Entrepreneurship Initiative - a Novel Online Education Program towards a conference competition (IEEE CAS)

Abstract It is recognized that teaching and embracing entrepreneurial skillsets lead to more valuable and impactful innovations in biomedical engineering. Unfortunately only very few institutions globally have started to integrate innovation generation methods and entrepreneurial mindset development in their curricula. A novel approach was developed and tested for the IEEE CASS society. A 6 week online training program was developed (30 videos, worksheets, deliverables, and regular tests) and subsequently advertised leading the participants, accompanied by weekly personal guidance, to create a real innovation project. This was embedded in a competition to allow the best teams to receive funding to be able to attend the annual society conference and participate in a competition. The learners all reported a changed mindset towards innovation generation and the presented results were stimulating and exciting. The paper provides details on the free training program and shows some of the results. This could - and maybe should - become a standard training and program event point at future biomedical engineering conferences.

Introduction to Creative Economy for Early Childhood in Beurandeh Village: Building a Creative and Independent Generation

Themed community service activities aim to introduce the basic concepts of creative economy to young children. This activity was implemented with interactive learning methods involving stories, games, and creative activities, such as making crafts and painting. The active participation of 20 children aged 5 to 8 years old showed high enthusiasm, which contributed to the improvement of children's understanding of creative economy concepts and practical skills. The results of the activity showed a significant increase in understanding and skills, with the percentage of basic understanding increasing from 70% to 85% and practical skills from 60% to 80%. In addition, this activity also succeeded in fostering children's independence and creativity, which is expected to be a provision for a more creative and innovative generation in the future. The main challenges in implementing this activity are the limited props and the lack of understanding of parents about the importance of the creative economy at an early age. The long-term impact of this activity is expected to improve community welfare through the development of an independent and innovative creative generation.

The Impact of the Lack of Chemistry and Physics Laboratories in Schools

The deficiency of chemistry and physics laboratories in schools has profound implications for scientific education, as illuminated by a study conducted in Covasna County. Deprived of laboratory access, students lack the opportunity to experiment with chemical and physical phenomena, limiting the application of theoretical knowledge. This shortfall may foster a superficial understanding of the subjects and potentially dampen enthusiasm for science. Moreover, the absence of exposure to laboratory equipment and techniques stunts the cultivation of practical and critical skills crucial for scientific or technical careers, hindering students’ preparation for future pursuits in these fields. Practical skills and a deep comprehension of scientific principles are indispensable for success in such careers. The absence of laboratory experience may place students at a disadvantage in university admissions or job competitions. It is imperative to implement viable solutions - investments in laboratory infrastructure, additional training for educators, and the development of interactive learning programs compensating for the dearth of practical experience. Integrating modern technology into the educational framework offers alternative avenues for experimentation and practical learning, mitigating the absence of physical laboratories. The study, conducted via an online questionnaire involving 61 school respondents, underscores the adverse impact of lacking chemistry and physics laboratories on students’ learning and development. However, by implementing solutions, the situation can improve, ensuring students receive comprehensive and equitable science education. Addressing this deficit is pivotal in nurturing the next generation of scientists and innovators, equipping them with the skills needed to tackle real-world challenges and contribute to scientific progress.

Electric Demulsification Membrane Technology for Confined Separation of Oil-Water Emulsions.

Demulsification technology for separation of oil-water (O/W) emulsions, especially those stabilized by surfactants, is urgently needed yet remains highly challenging due to their inherent stability characteristics. Electrocoalescence has emerged as a promising solution owing to its simplicity, efficacy, and versatility, yet hindered by substantial energy consumption (e.g., >50 kWh/m3) along with undesirable Faradic reactions. Herein, we propose an innovative electric demulsification technology that leverages conductive membrane microchannels to confine oil droplets from the oil-water emulsion for achieving high energy-efficient coalescence of oil droplets. The proposed system reduces the required voltage down to 12 V, 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of conventional electrocoalescence systems, while achieving a similar separation efficacy of 91.4 ± 3.0% at a low energy consumption (3 kWh/m3) and an ultrahigh permeability >3000 L/(m2·h·bar). In situ fluorescence microscopy combined with COMSOL simulations provided insight into the fundamental mechanistic steps of an electric demulsification process confined to membrane microchannels: (1) rapid electric-field redistribution of oil droplet surfactant molecules, (2) enhanced collision probability due to confined oil droplet concentration under dielectrophoretic forces, and (3) increased collision efficacy facilitated by the membrane pore structure. This strategy may revolutionize the next generation of demulsification and oil-water separation innovations.

PENERAPAN 4C SKILLS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ABAD 21 DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Elementary schools play an important role in developing students' understanding and skills. Therefore, the transformation of elementary schools is very important to produce a critical, creative and innovative generation capable of facing the challenges of the 21st century. The purpose of this research is to determine the application of 4C skills (Critical Thinking Skills, Creativity and Innovation Skills, Communication Skills, Collaboration Skills) in teachers' teaching in 21st century learning at SD Negeri Serang 20. The research method uses qualitative methods by conducting structured interviews. The target respondents were all 10 teachers of SD Negeri Serang 20. The results of the research show that the respondents have integrated 4C skills into the curriculum and daily learning activities.

Transforming Libraries: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionising library services and enhancing user experience, creating a new era of efficiency, accessibility, and innovation. This editorial explores how AI reshapes the library landscape, ushering in a new generation of efficiency, accessibility, and innovation. The AI’s most notable contribution to libraries is the automation of routine tasks, cataloguing and organising; librarians can now rely on AI algorithms to streamline. It saves librarians valuable time engaging in intellectually stimulating activities and ensures a more accurate and organised library system. AI-driven systems can efficiently analyse vast amounts of data, leading to improved search functionalities and more seamless information retrieval for library patrons. Moreover, AI is instrumental in the personalisation of library services. Through machine learning algorithms, libraries can analyse user behaviour, preferences, and historical data to provide customised recommendations. This enhances the user experience by offering tailored suggestions for reading materials, resources, and services, making libraries more relevant and engaging for diverse user groups. Another essential role of AI in libraries is the development of virtual assistants. These digital assistants, powered by natural language processing and machine learning, can help library patrons navigate the catalogue system, answer queries, and even provide Realtime language translation service. Virtual assistants help libraries become more inclusive and accessible, reaching more audiences with diverse language backgrounds and information needs.

Frugal innovation and entrepreneurial university: a case study of African first development university in Africa

The concept of frugal innovation has gained significant traction in low middle-income countries due to its potential to contribute to sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study examines the role of universities in promoting frugal innovation and their capacity to drive socio-economic development through entrepreneurial initiatives. The objective is to explore how universities can serve as both entrepreneurial and development-focused institutions and to develop a conceptual framework to guide their efforts. The study utilizes an exploratory single case study methodology, focusing on the American University of Nigeria (AUN), a leading institution in Nigeria known for its development and entrepreneurship programs. Drawing on data from the AUN THE global impact ranking 2024, the results of the study indicate that the ability of a university to effectively manage technology and skills transfer in frugal innovations is influenced by six university capabilities, and the generation of frugal innovations is moderated by policy and innovation ecosystems involving government agencies, regulatory bodies, and policymakers. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by initiating a discussion on how development and entrepreneurship can support frugal innovation, and offers practical insights to inspire other universities to develop their own models for societal and economic impact. The study underscores the necessity of integrating “development” into the vision of universities, particularly in low middle-income and developing economies, and emphasizes the significance of universities embracing both entrepreneurial and development-focused roles. The findings highlight the potential of universities in advancing sustainable development goals, particularly in low middle-income and developing economies, as they work towards meeting the global SDGs by 2030.

"Tingkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan: Peran Materi MIPA dalam Mencapai Tujuan Pendidikan Nasional"

Mathematics and Natural Sciences (MIPA) education has a very important role in shaping a smart, creative and innovative generation, in line with Indonesia's national education goals. This article explores the contribution of MIPA in improving the quality of education in Indonesia, especially through the development of critical and analytical thinking skills. This research uses a literature study method with a qualitative descriptive approach, and is supported by interviews with teachers in East Kalimantan. The results showed that MIPA learning can help learners develop scientific skills and form positive characters such as honesty, consistency and logical thinking. In addition, teachers, principals and parents have a crucial role in supporting the improvement of education quality. With the synergy of various parties, the integration of MIPA materials is expected to realize the goals of national education, namely creating a society that is intelligent, noble, and ready to face global challenges.

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innovative management system of modern enterprises. It has been proven that the development of employees in modern conditions becomes one of the central elements of the competitiveness of enterprises, as it ensures the flexibility and adaptability of organizations to rapidly changing conditions. The training of qualified personnel capable of generating new ideas and implementing innovative solutions is the basis for ensuring the long-term stability of the enterprise on the market. Methodological approaches to the development of employees in the system of innovative management provide modern enterprises with tools for effective planning, implementation and control of personnel development programs integrated into the general strategy of innovative development. This includes training employees to adopt new technologies, adapt to digital transformation, and expand their competencies in areas such as creative thinking, change management, and leadership. Innovation management is a complex process aimed at improving the efficiency of adaptive enterprises through the systematic introduction of innovations. Its successful use depends on the enterprise's ability to adapt, strategic thinking and create conditions for the generation of innovations. Personnel development is a critical component of an innovation strategy, as it is employees who are able to implement innovative initiatives and ensure their success.Investments in the development of human capital strengthen the organization's ability to quickly respond to changes and ensure long-term competitiveness in the market. The foreign experience of managing the development of personnel in the agri-food sector shows the importance of a systematic approach to training and development of personnel, which includes technological innovations, flexible management models, partnership with educational institutions and orientation to continuous learning. These practices can be successfully adapted to domestic conditions, contributing to the development of competitive and innovatively oriented enterprises in the agricultural sector.

Концептуальная роль инновационных процессов в устойчивом развитии аграрных формирований

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the essential characteristics of innovative pro-cesses in the sustainable development of agricultural formations. In the theoretical aspect, an understanding of the definition of “innovative potential” has been developed, which has made it possible to form a three-component model of the system of innovative potential of agricul-tural formations (SIPAF), which includes: the actual components of SIPAF - resource, internal and effective; review of existing conceptual approaches to the content of this category; condi-tions for the development of the system. The methodology for assessing the innovative poten-tial of agricultural formations is substantiated. A system of general and specific indicators for assessing the innovative potential of agricultural formations of the form “component of inno-vative potential – aggregated indicator – private characteristics” is proposed. It has been prov-en that such an important indicator as labor productivity, which reflects the efficiency of the use of labor resources, acts as a significant factor in increasing the technical level of agricultur-al production and the innovativeness of agricultural formation as a whole. Labor productivity is formed under the influence of a favorable investment climate, as well as the generation of innovation, since innovation and investment factors complement each other. The study showed that the institutional infrastructure of the intellectual capital market is not fully inte-grated into the activities of agricultural entities, which cannot provide sufficient access to the necessary resources and services for participants in the innovation process.

EFFECTIVE TEACHING-LEARNING STRATEGIES FOR SECONDARY LEVEL SCIENCE EDUCATION

Science Education at the secondary level holds paramount importance as it serves as the foundation for further scientific pursuits. The efficacy of secondary level science education significantly impacts a students inclination towards higher studies and eventual contribution to scientific and technological advancements. In order to enhance the effectiveness of secondary level science education, it is imperative to explore innovative teaching-learning strategies that transcend traditional lecture-based methods. Research and surveys consistently advocate for activity-based learning approaches over conventional lecture methods, citing their ability to foster deeper understanding and retention among learners. Practical work emerges as a cornerstone of this approach, offering hands-on engagement and experiential learning opportunities. With the recent shift in the academic structure as per the National Education Policy of 2020 (N.E.P-2020), extending the secondary level from grades 9 to 12, there lies a crucial window for students to immerse themselves in scientific exploration and discovery.Subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, and Biology inherently lend themselves to practical applications, presenting ample opportunities for students to engage directly with scientific concepts. By integrating practical work into the curriculum, secondary level science education can cultivate critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and a deeper appreciation for the scientific method. This shift towards practical-based learning not only aligns with contemporary pedagogical trends but also serves as a catalyst for nurturing the next generation of innovators and scientists.

ІННОВАЦІЙНА СКЛАДОВА ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article investigates the innovative component of the economic security of an enterprise. It considers different approaches to defining the concept of «economic security of an enterprise» and systematizes its key components. Particular attention is paid to the role of the innovative component in ensuring the economic stability and competitiveness of an enterprise. The essence of the concept of «innovative security of an enterprise» is analyzed from different scholarly perspectives. The main groups of risks affecting innovative security are identified: technological, market, and project risks. A system of indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of innovations is examined, considering the specifics of innovative activities. The necessity of an integrated approach to managing innovative security at an enterprise is substantiated. Ensuring an adequate level of economic security is critical to the viability and efficient functioning of the enterprise. In this context, the innovative aspect occupies a prominent place, as it allows to adapt to the changing environment, increase competitiveness and ensure sustainable development. Also, it can be concluded that the innovative security of the enterprise is a complex state caused by the action of internal and external factors, which creates a favorable environment for the generation and implementation of innovations in all spheres of activity in order to achieve long-term competitiveness, the most efficient use of resources and the minimization of risks. In turn, the effective management of innovation security requires the implementation of systemic measures, such as: monitoring and minimization of innovation risks, formation of an innovation environment, implementation of an innovation strategy, application of relevant indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of innovations. Thus, the appropriate level of innovative security is the key to strengthening the economic stability of the enterprise, increasing its flexibility and adaptability in a dynamic market environment, as well as achieving long-term competitive advantages.

PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF STEM EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN

The article discusses the importance of STEM education for workforce preparation in the context of Kazakhstan's economic development. The main issue addressed is the need to prove the integration of new technologies into educational programs, as this is crucial for preparing skilled specialists in a rapidly changing world. The aim of the study is to describe new methods of implementing STEM education and to identify successful practices. Research methods include analyzing current educational programs, studying examples of successful STEM methodology implementation, and conducting professional development courses for teachers. The article describes problem-based learning (PBL) methods that contribute to deeper student engagement and the development of critical thinking skills. The research results show that, despite significant progress in integrating STEM into educational programs and successful examples of applying innovative methods, challenges remain, such as unequal access to resources and a shortage of qualified specialists. However, successful initiatives, such as «STEM for All» programs, demonstrate a positive impact on the accessibility and quality of STEM education. The conclusions emphasize that for effective implementation of STEM education, it is necessary to focus on innovative teaching methods, address gender and socio-economic barriers, and adapt education to future technological trends. In this way, Kazakhstan can develop a STEM education system that prepares students for the demands of a rapidly changing world. The future of the country's economy depends on the ability to cultivate a new generation of scientists, engineers, and innovators who will contribute to sustainable development and economic growth.

University Spin-offs in the Business Transformation of the University of the Century

University spin-offs play a crucial role in the business vision of the postmodern university by generating technological products and intellectual property, allowing the articulation among the academia, the public sector and the society. The research aimed to determine the validity of university spin-offs and the role they play in the generation of innovation, development of science and technology transfer. The study is qualitative, based on documentary sources of specialized articles in indexed databases, of which 26 were selected based on criteria related to the topic, successful experiences in the creation and operation of these companies. The content analysis technique was used with emphasis on argumentation, narration and enunciation. Among the main results, it can be mentioned that university spin-offs play an important role as means for technology transfer, however, they require improving and innovating management, organizational structure and institutional culture. Furthermore, a regulatory framework is needed in order to promote the operation of these entities and to strengthen the relationship and cooperation among the university, the State and the business sector. The adoption of an entrepreneurial mindset in universities, both public and private, is essential to improve competitiveness and support teaching, research.

Exploring the Potential of MIM-Manufactured Porous NiTi as a Vascular Drug Delivery Material.

Porous nickel-titanium (NiTi) manufactured using metal injection molding (MIM) has emerged as an innovative generation of drug-loaded stent materials. However, an increase in NiTi porosity may compromise its mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. This study aims to explore the potential of porous NiTi as a vascular drug delivery material and evaluate the impact of porosity on its drug loading and release, mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility. MIM, combined with the powder space-holder method, was used to fabricate porous NiTi alloys with three porosity levels. The mechanical properties of porous NiTi were assessed, as well as the surface cell growth capability. Furthermore, by loading rapamycin nanoparticles onto the surface and within the pores of porous NiTi, we evaluated the in vitro drug release behavior, inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, and inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia in vivo. The results demonstrated that an increase in porosity led to a decrease in the mechanical properties of porous NiTi, including hardness, tensile strength, and elastic modulus, and a decrease in the surface cell growth capability, affecting both cell proliferation and morphology. Concurrently, the loading capacity and release duration of rapamycin were extended with increasing porosity, resulting in enhanced inhibitory effects on cell proliferation in vitro and inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia in vivo. In conclusion, porous NiTi holds promise as a desirable vascular drug delivery material, but a balanced consideration of the influence of porosity on both mechanical properties and cytocompatibility is necessary to achieve an optimal balance among drug-loading and release performance, mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility.

Innovation Capacities of Mexican States

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the innovation performance of Mexican states to identify the factors that explain the unequal performance of Mexican states in terms of innovation generation. Theoretical Framework: The study design is based on the regional innovation capabilities (RICs) proposed by Muller et al (2008). Method: The impact of the RICs on the generation of innovations in Mexican states is analyzed using 17 indicators under a multiple regression model based on data from official Mexican sources for each of the 32 states. Results and Discussion: The results show that regional technology absorption capacity is the factor that has the greatest impact on the innovation performance of Mexico's states. Research Implications: These results highlight the relevance of factors associated with technological learning for the patenting rate performance of Mexican states. These implications could include the designers and decision-makers of public policies on science and technology, as well as the institutions that produce research and development. Originality/Value: This research can be a very particular reference for future research to address and propose new conceptual frameworks for the study of regional inequalities in the generation of innovations. In addition, this study evidences the need for greater availability of data related to innovation processes in the country.