Diffusion Of Information Technologies Research Articles

Accessing the news in an age of mobile media: Tracing displacing and complementary effects of mobile news on newspapers and online news

Legacy news media have invested substantially in developing digital and mobile news provisioning, alongside the widespread diffusion of information and communication technologies. Amid these developments, many people have shifted the ways they access the news in everyday life, with mobile devices gaining much significance. This has shifted the roles traditionally played by newspapers, television stations, radio broadcasters and news sites, ultimately relating to their democratic functions and the diminishing effect of their business models. This article will describe and explain displacing vis-à-vis complementary effects among age cohorts. It shows how the recent uptake of mobile devices has influenced news consumption via newspapers and news sites. It investigates three research questions, each focusing age cohorts in relation to single-media use, cross-media use, and nonuse. The article presents a statistical analysis of datasets nationally representative to Sweden and the specific case of evening tabloids. The data used originate from scientific omnibus survey projects conducted annually from 1986 to 2012 at the University of Gothenburg. The findings show that the public generally engage in single-media rather than cross-media news consumption, whereas age cohorts have developed divergent forms of single-media use: (a) the 1930s and 1940s age cohort are primarily single-media users in print, (b) the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s age cohorts are computer-oriented single-media users; and (c) the 1980s and 1990s age cohorts are mainly single-media users via mobile devices, but also cross-media users of mobile devices combined with a computer. As of 2012, the uptake of mobile news and cross-media news consumption reached new records, whereas the single-media use of printed newspapers reached a new low. The integrated theoretical framework proves useful for comprehending such transforming news consumption among age cohorts, and reveals the significance for legacy news media to explore and exploit the opportunities arising from mobile devices and tablets.

A Comparative Study of ICT Innovation Policy for the Countries Development Perspective

In the globalized environment, the economic growth significantly depends on the countries capacity to develop, to apply new technologies and vice versa. Diffusion of information communication technologies is a global phenomenon. Despite of rapid globalization there are considerable differences between nations in terms of adoption and usage of new technologies. This paper aims to draw together the highly eclectic literature on the diffusion of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Innovation in order to know what have been done, highlight the generic issues, relevant to policy and will initiate further research and develop potential opportunities. This paper also highlight the low level and high level income countries data and ICT policies frame work to draw conclusions and some case studies as an example. The objective is to review the finding the social economic factor for diffusion of ICT Innovation to make policy recommendation for the development of the country.

Researching Collective Action Through Networks: Taking Stock and Looking Forward

Guest editing a special issue on networks and collective action could be interpreted as a response to the ubiquitous use of these terms in both public and academic discourses. As others have noted, thinking that “networks are everywhere” has become a daily routine (Brandes, Robins, McCranie, and Wasserman 2013: 2). Underpinning such a motto, is the diffusion of new information and communication technologies (ICTs), the Internet and social media in particular. ICTs have become a primary global infrastructure for the construction of relations across individuals, organizations, institutions, contents, and information in all domains. It is also true that recent episodes of contention like the Arab spring, the indignados, and occupy movements have tremendously intensified attention on collective civic participation. Most of this attention flows directly from two considerations. First, these mobilizations created hope for major changes in the worldwide political landscape and led to a serious reconsideration of political programs, authority relations, policy agendas, and development plans, even where narrow opportunities for success existed. Second, the widespread use of networked digital communications in the participatory efforts of these movements—and of many others—prompted widespread reflection on the “diffusion” and “transformation” of collective action dynamics across national borders, as well as across the online/offline boundary. While we are well aware of the current popularity of the nexus between networks and collective action, the motivations for this special issue are to be found elsewhere. The current enthusiasm represents to us a perfect window of opportunity to reactivate what, in fact, is a never-interrupted, long-term reflection on the potentialities of a network approach for the study of collective action. Despite being portrayed as benchmarks of our digital age, neither the tight relationship between networks and collective action nor the broader relevance of networks for our societies are new issues triggered by the development and diffusion of ICTs. The roots of a relational conceptualization of society are to be found in the seminal work of Simmel, and in the practical operationalizations of social environments by Moreno. Also, recent developments outside the social sciences in physics, mathematics, and statistics stress relational approaches (Marin and Wellman 2011, Brandes et al. 2013). Within social movement and collective action studies, a network perspective has emerged in the last twenty years as a flexible and, in our view, powerful tool to analyze the diversity, dynamics, and complexity of collective sociopolitical phenomena. Applications of a network approach are sometimes metaphorical in that they allow a more intelligible rendering of the

XBRL Diffusion in Social Media: Discourses and Community Learning

ABSTRACTMultiple discourses are critical in determining the success of information technology (IT) diffusion. Since its inception, such discourses also appear in the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) diffusion sphere. To help explain XBRL diffusion, we explore the discourses relative to XBRL in social media. A case study with text mining and content analysis was conducted to address three research questions covering community discourses, polarity of viewpoint, and learning surrounding XBRL in social media. Our sample data consisted of members' posts and comments in LinkedIn XBRL groups over the period 2010 to 2013. Our analysis finds that XBRL discourses in social media have largely revolved around the dissemination of XBRL information to raise awareness among potential adopters (i.e., theorization) and to properly implement XBRL (i.e., translation). Our findings indicate that XBRL's theorization is not in doubt, while XBRL's translation remains challenging. Professionals generally view XBRL positively. Those who view XBRL less favorably are more likely to be skeptical rather than dismissive. We also observe that social media like LinkedIn is a relevant channel for communities to learn about XBRL. We discuss the findings and include several insights and implications that may be useful in augmenting the future of XBRL.

The Impact of the Diffusion of Information and Communication Technology on Health: A Cross-Country Study

This study employed aggregate data drawn from the World Bank database for 61 countries for the period 2000 to 2009 and quantitatively evaluated the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) diffusion on health outcomes. The empirical methodology included a dynamic panel data (DPD) model and a fixed effect (FE) model. The results show that the diffusion of the Internet and fixed and mobile telephones was positively associated with life expectancy. The diffusion of fixed and mobile telephones was associated with a reduction in infant and under-five mortality rates. The diffusion of the Internet was associated with a higher prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The diffusion of mobile phones was associated with decreases in the incidence of tuberculosis. An important policy implication for governments worldwide is that investing in ICT infrastructures and educating the public the use of ICT can be an alternative policy to improve health.

Adquisición de Tecnologías de Información e Influencia institucional en Grandes Empresas en Iztapalapa

Las tecnologías de Información (TI) tienen una gran influencia en varios aspectos dentro de las organizaciones. Debido a ello los gobiernos de los países en vías de desarrollo han decidido impulsar su adopción con el objetivo de aumentar la productividad de las empresas, intensificar el uso y difusión de las TI, así como reducir la brecha tecnológica respecto a los países desarrollados.En este documento se reportan los resultados obtenidos de una investigación realizada en grandes empresas de la delegación Iztapalapa (GEI), en la ciudad de México, relacionados con las fuerzas internas y externas que influyen en las empresas para la toma de decisión relacionada con la adquisición de TI, así como, la vinculación entre factores institucionales y la adquisición y difusión de TI. Con base en el Nuevo Institucionalismo y utilizando los mecanismos de influencia y regulación, se determinaron los elementos institucionales que influyeron en GEI en la adquisición de TI. Asimismo se analiza el impacto que los programas gubernamentales asociados con la adquisición y difusión de TI han tenido en estas empresas y se presentan las estrategias asociadas con mecanismos de isomorfismo institucional relacionadas con la adquisición de TI. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos si bien hay un grupo de empresas con un alto nivel de infraestructura tecnológica, otro porcentaje de empresas tiene un nivel bajo de adquisición de TI. Las GEI han adquirido nuevas TI principalmente debido a razones particulares y muy pocas han aprovechado los programas gubernamentales asociados con la promoción de la adquisición y uso de estas tecnologías.

Regional Informatization and Economic Growth in Japan: An Empirical Study Based on Spatial Econometric Analysis

Research opinion on informatization is divided between two opposite poles—that it promotes or inhibits the spillover of regional economies. These conflicting viewpoints are called “the paradoxical geographies of the digital economy”. Information-based investment and diffusion of informatization contribute to breaking the economic space constraints caused by distance, leading to interregional spillover effects, according to the results of the Durbin model of spatial lag applied to Japanese regional data. Clearly, the local direct effects and the perimeter region’s indirect effects of informatization are both positive. This proves the existence of network externality, which causes increasing returns to scale. Extensive diffusion of information technology plays a significant role in the process, in addition to rapid accumulation and infiltration of information resources, which strengthens the information-based investment spillover effect. In this empirical analysis, evidence seems to support the view that informatization promotes economic development in Japan.

Predictors of on-line services and e-participation: A cross-national comparison

Effective e-government creates an environment for citizens to have greater access to their government and, in theory, makes citizen-to-government contact more inclusive. Our research examines two distinct but related measures of e-government effectiveness, namely the online service index and the e-participation index, both reported in the 2010 e-government survey conducted by the United Nations. We analyze the impact of political structure, public sector performance and policy initiatives on both indices in more than 150 countries. Our multiple regression analysis shows that there is greater e-government capability in countries that have more effective public sector governance and administration, and policies that advance the development and diffusion of information and communication technologies. More democratic institutions and processes, however, appear to have a negative impact on e-government. In addition, countries that practice effective governance and promote competition in the telecommunications sector demonstrate more extensive provision of e-participation. These results suggest that the path to e-government leverages different strategies depending on a nation's political structure, and that authoritarian countries may be utilizing e-government to maintain the status quo.

The Impact of Information and Communication Technology Adoption and Diffusion on Technology Entrepreneurship in Developing Countries: The Case of Kenya

ICT-based enterprises (ICT-BEs) are businesses that produce ICT products, provide ICT processing technologies, or offer ICT support services. Most ICT-BEs grow in particular niche fields of ICT use by offering services that are well tailored to meet the needs of a specific target market. This however is usually short lived, as alternative technologies are developed each day and availed globally within a few months, while the rate of adoption and diffusion of technology is dependent on other factors other than the ICT itself. In most cases technology diffusion is rather slow and uneven at first, but accelerates rapidly once a critical mass of individuals has adopted the technology. This raises the question of how ICT-BEs can cushion themselves against sudden and unpredictable ICT trends, which may lead to existing customers abandoning a technology for any new alternative technology. The study examines the impact of rapid ICT trends on ICT entrepreneurship in the liberalized and globalized Kenyan ICT market. The study is based on qualitative data, collected through four descriptive case studies selected from micro and small enterprises offering ICT solutions. Findings reveal that rapid changes in ICT trends and early adopters' switching behavior negatively affect the survival of an ICT-BE, while customer satisfaction and entrepreneurial creativity positively influence the survival and success of an ICT-BE. The study provides practitioners, budding ICT entrepreneurs, and policy-makers with essential lessons on how ICT trends affect the growth and survival of ICT-BEs and how to mitigate these negative effects and therefore remain in business.

Does local government have capacity for enabling local economic development? Lessons from Jamaica

Implementation of the Caribbean Local Economic Development Project (CARILED)1began in 2012 in seven countries for a duration of six years, to support sustainable economic growth in the region. CARILED has introduced the idea of local economic development (LED) to the ‘development’ debate in the region but has also brought the organisational capacity of local government, and local government’s role as ‘facilitator’ of LED,to the fore. This paper assesses organizational behaviour and capability in local government in Jamaica to determine the state of readiness for a developmental role. The paper draws on two sets of research data to aid its analysis–a capacity audit (CAPAUD) conducted in 2010 and an organisational analysis (OA)commissioned by the Ministry of Local Government in 2010, both of which targeted a sample of local authorities in Jamaica.The study found that when assessed against established criteria for an LED organisation, ie: research and information provision; marketing and coordination; learning and innovation; and leadership - local government’s institutional and organisational capacity for development is unevenly distributed. For instance, local leaders understood organisational purpose but efforts to give effect to this appeared undeveloped, sporadic and uni-directional. It was also evident that participatory strategies are used to gain information from communities but these were often devoid of systematic research methodologies rendering formal community impact on local planning negligent. Finally there is strong potential for the kind of administrative leadership required by a developmental local government to evolve,indicated by the quality of training, quantum of managerial/supervisory staff, and stability of staff establishment. However, this potential is threatened by the deficiencies in the non-traditional functional areas that are strategic to the organisation’s effectiveness as a ‘facilitator’ of LED, ie:alignment of community engagement/interface with LED priorities, diffusion of information technology in organisational processes, and utilisation of policy analysis and development. These findings contribute important policy relevant information to the discourses in the region about the construction of alternative solutions to institutional and organisational problems in response to the economic crises of small island developing states (SIDS).

How college students read and write on the web: The role of ICT use in processing online information

The diffusion of information and communication technology (ICT) has enabled people to process more information than at any time in human history. Despite a growing body of scholarship in ICT use and information processing, we still know very little about how people process mediated information in an online environment. This study contributes to the understanding of this process by investigating the connection between ICT use and processing of online news information. Through an experiment (N=114), several interesting relationships were detected. First, perceived credibility of a news article was significantly correlated with enjoyment, knowledge gain, and motivation. In addition, recall was significantly related to credibility, enjoyment, knowledge, and motivation. Implications and avenues for future research are discussed.

For an Esthetics of the Ephemeral

In this interview, Christine Buci-Glucksmann comes back to the creation process of her book Esthétique de l’éphémère, published in 2003. Through encounters, literary company and journeys both exotic and evocative, the author observes that an expanded and stratified temporality arises, which emphasizes the transition from a culture of object to a culture of flows. This new culture, closely linked to information technologies diffusion, also involves new production and circulation modes for artworks, and questions their “survival” in heritage.

The Factors Which Effect on the Diffusion of Information and Communication Technology in China

At this age, information and communication technology (ICT) are spread all over every corner of the world in a surprising speed, which deeply influences every aspect of our daily lives. Two factors can lead to diffusion of ICT innovation based on a case study, which was about internet cafe in China. The first factor is influence of new technology; the second factor is that stress or policies which come from society or governments.

Analysing the diffusion and adoption of mobile IT across social worlds.

The diffusion and adoption of information technology innovations (e.g. mobile information technology) in healthcare organizations involves a dynamic process of change with multiple stakeholders with competing interests, varying commitments, and conflicting values. Nevertheless, the extant literature on mobile information technology diffusion and adoption has predominantly focused on organizations and individuals as the unit of analysis, with little emphasis on the environment in which healthcare organizations are embedded. We propose the social worlds approach as a promising theoretical lens for dealing with this limitation together with reports from a case study of a mobile information technology innovation in elderly home care in Denmark including both the sociopolitical and organizational levels in the analysis. Using the notions of social worlds, trajectories, and boundary objects enables us to show how mobile information technology innovation in Danish home care can facilitate negotiation and collaboration across different social worlds in one setting while becoming a source of tension and conflicts in others. The trajectory of mobile information technology adoption was shaped by influential stakeholders in the Danish home care sector. Boundary objects across multiple social worlds legitimized the adoption, but the use arrangement afforded by the new technology interfered with important aspects of home care practices, creating resistance among the healthcare personnel.

What Happened to the Internet? Scientific Communities in Three Low-income Areas, 2000-2010

AbstractThis ten year study suggests that the digital divide in connectivity may have largely closed for the scientific community in parts of the world that were previously unconnected. Almost a decade ago Ynalvezet al. (2005) examined the diffusion of information and communication technologies (icts) in the knowledge production sectors of three developing areas, using data collected at the turn of the millennium. We supplement this data set with a similar survey ten years later. Our analysis addresses the extent to which research communities in three low-income areas (Kenya, Ghana, and Kerala) now have access toicts, providing the first longitudinal data on changes in access to computers, email, and the Internet. In contrast to 2000, where the majority of scientists viewed themselves as users of email but with shared and irregular access to computers and the Internet—access to technology has become almost universal, though significant regional differences remain.

The development and use of quantitative models of diffusion of new information technologies

The development and use of new quantitative models is viewed as part of research and information activities. An attempt has been made to identify indexes that are used by participants in information support to appraise alternative methods of control over the diffusion of innovations. The participants include a decision-making entity, an analyst, and a measurer. The development of the model of the diffusion of the Internet in Russia, which makes it possible to calculate the dynamics of the reach of the Internet for different periods (1 month, 1 week, and 1 day), is taken as an example. Possible factors of differences between the new actual data of mass-scale sampling surveys and the predicted data that were published by the authors in 2008---2011 are discussed.

CONTROLLABLE FACTORS IMPACT ON CONSUMER ONLINE BEHAVIOUR

The adoption and diffusion of Information and Communication Technologies (further: ICT) between an enterprise and consumers continues to grow. ICT brings new opportunities for enterprises, particularly enabling them to enter the virtual global market as well as develop sales activities in this market. Growing ICT adoption intensifies competition between companies giving wider choice for online consumers. In this context enterprises strive to understand online consumer behaviour in order to better satisfy consumer needs and stay ahead of competition. The paper aims to develop conceptual framework of key controllable factors of consumer behaviour and empirically identify the main ones.Considering the works of various scholars the conceptual model is developed basing on Intention, Adoption, and Continuance model proposed by Limayem, Cheung and Chan (2005). The proposed model consists of 2 stages – intention and adoption as in this paper consumer behaviour is analyzed. The continuance stage refers to repeating purchase, so this stage is excluded from the proposed model. Most of the researchers consider controllable and uncontrollable factors. From the point of the company controllable factors attract most of the attention as these factors can be influenced.The proposed conceptual model is based on the “Intention – Adoption” approach rather than on the traditional buying decision model. The value of the paper is reflected through the identification of key factors affecting online purchase behaviour in Lithuania. These factors should be carefully considered by online traders as they impact consumer decision to purchase online.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.em.19.1.5692

An overview of scholarly research on public e-services? A meta-analysis of the literature

Public e-services are a broad and growing research field in which scholars and practitioners from different domains are involved. However, the increasing attention devoted to public e-services only partially captures the extreme variety of aspects and implications of the diffusion of information and communication technologies at all levels of public administrations. The paper aims to develop a meta-analysis of the literature on the delivery, diffusion, adoption and impact of public e-services and examines differences in methodologies, approaches and key indicators across five service categories: e-government, e-education, e-health, Infomobility and e-procurement. We examined 751 articles appeared in 2000–2010 in the top international academic journals listed in the SSCI-ISI, as classified in the following fields: Communication, Economics, Education, Environmental Studies, Geography, Health Policy and Services, Information Science and Library Science, Law, Management, Planning and Development, Public Administration, Transportation and Urban Studies. We highlight a significant heterogeneity in scientific production across service categories, indicators used, and affiliation of authors. We also show an increasing diffusion of quantitative methods applied to different research fields which still appears to be constrained by data limitations. The overall picture emerging from the analysis is one characterized by largely unexplored domains as well as scarcely analyzed issues both across and within individual service categories. Thus many research opportunities seem to emerge and need to be exploited from different disciplinary perspectives in this field of analysis.

E-Commerce Capability: An Assessment of the Facilitators by Chinese Firms

Drawing upon IT (Information Technology) diffusion theory, this study developed a research model for studying e-commerce capability at firm level, incorporating 6 factors. The model examined the influence of the six factors and two control variables on e-commerce capability measured as aggregation of function-based business processes implemented electronically in value chain from a business process perspective. Data gathered from 236 traditional brick-and-mortar firms in China were employed to validate the model using statistical analysis approach. Hypotheses were designed and tested, and facilitators and their contributions to e-commerce capability were identified. The results suggested that four factors and two control variables tended to be the facilitators shaping e-commerce capability, while production size did not appear to influence e-commerce capability significantly. The results and findings help to facilitate e-commerce deployment, and provide theoretical foundations for future research.

Wired for Change?

The recent global diffusion of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) has raised expectations for technological change to support socio-economic progress and political reform in the developing as well as the developed world. Much as been written about e-government within a growing stream of literature on ICT for development, generating countervailing perspectives where optimistic, technocratic approaches are countered by far more sceptical standpoints on technological innovation. In seeking to bridge existing gaps in the literature, this article critically examines the role of Information and Communication Technologies in governmental reform processes for development through the presentation of a case study based in the Indian State of Karnataka. The study focuses on a collaboration between the state government of Karnataka and the eGovernments Foundation (a non-profit private sector organisation) between 2002 and 2011, designed to reform existing methods of property tax collection through the establishment of a networked online tax collection system across the municipalities of 56 towns and cities within the state. Through a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data, this paper analyses the interactions between new technologies and changing information flows within the complexities of public administration reform of the given context and, in doing so, examines the interplay of local and external factors and relationships and their role in shaping the implementation of the project at hand.