Digital Age Research Articles

Deepfake Cases in the 2024 Lok Sabha Election: Impact and Implications for Democracy

The 2024 Lok Sabha elections in India have been significantly impacted by the pervasive use of deepfake technology, raising critical concerns about its implications for democracy. This article delves into specific instances of deepfake utilization during the election, exploring their effects on voter behavior and broader democratic processes. It highlights how deepfakes have been employed to spread misinformation, manipulate voter perceptions, and discredit political opponents, thereby undermining trust in the electoral system. The response from regulatory bodies, including the Election Commission of India and the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Center, is examined, showcasing efforts to mitigate these threats. Furthermore, the article discusses the urgent need for enhanced regulatory measures and public awareness to combat the growing menace of AI-driven misinformation. The findings underscore the profound challenges that deepfake technology poses to the integrity of democratic elections, emphasizing the necessity for collaborative strategies to protect democratic values in the digital age.

Smart Data Management: Enhancing Efficiency and Security in the Digital Age

Effective data management is essential for firms looking to use their data assets for strategic advantage in today's data driven environment. By using cutting edge technologies and practices, smart data management goes above and beyond conventional techniques to improve data security, quality, and accessibility. The concepts, advantages, and tactics of intelligent data management are examined in this article along with how it may turn data into a useful asset for a business

The right to use artificial intelligence technology: new challenges and threats to humans

The beginning of the new millennium is the period of the formation of a single information space, the formation of a global information society, the main factor in the development of which is the use of information. The processes of global informatization have a dual nature: on the one hand, they contribute to the security of the individual, society and the state, and on the other hand, information technologies pose certain threats to it. The article analyzes the possibilities of using artificial intelligence (AI) as a type of information technology (IT). Emphasis is placed on the positive and negative aspects of its impact on human rights. It was found that certain threats to humans arise when using the latest AI technologies. As a result of the analysis of international documents, it was established that the governments of many countries around the world are currently trying to protect users of digital services from its harmful effects, developing their strategies for the development and regulation of AI for this purpose. The emergence of the latest technologies has given rise to a number of new problems in the field of human rights. This is evidenced by a number of international documents on «digital human rights». So, for example, the «Portuguese Charter of Human Rights in the Digital Age», «Lisbon Declaration», «European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles of the Digital Decade» in their provisions, on the one hand, emphasize the rights to use AI technologies, and on the other – on the safety of these technologies for humans. This caused heated discussions among scientists in the context of human information rights: whether AI as a type of information technology can be a safe means for realizing the human right to use it, and whether it can claim the status of a kind of «subject of law» in the future, which is a threat to human rights. The understanding of these problems caused by the development of AI has already become a joint task not only of scientists in the field of law, but also of scientists in the social sciences and humanities, as well as developers of computer programs.

Navigating Consumer Behavior in the Digital Age: The Role of Emerging Technologies and Ethical Considerations

Navigating Consumer Behavior in the Digital Age: The Role of Emerging Technologies and Ethical Considerations

Digital sovereignty: conceptual challenges and constitutional implications

This article examines how national states and integrative unions such as the European Union employ the concept of digital sovereignty in their policy discourse. It begins with the premise that contemporary digital policy of these entities is intricately linked to the idea of digital sovereignty. The study analyzes the factors that have led national states and the European Union to enter a new phase of modern constitutionalism - digital constitutionalism. Modern European constitutionalism has accumulated experience in various social spheres, as evidenced by developments such as economic constitutionalism. In the digital era, it raises and attempts to answer questions about how digital constitutionalism can overcome the limitations of traditional constitutional thinking, particularly its focus on state-legal and political phenomena. The article explores the extent to which the generalization of purely state constitutional principles can advance in the digital age. The paper emphasizes that digital constitutionalism is a convenient concept for explaining the phenomenon of constitutional resistance to challenges created by digital technologies. It notes that existing foreign, and especially Ukrainian, legal scholarship has not yet formed a clear and unified vision of this concept. This article provides a literature review on digital constitutionalism and offers an analysis of the theoretical frameworks surrounding the concept. It posits that digital constitutionalism is an ideology that adapts the values of modern constitutionalism to the demands of the digital age. Currently, digital constitutionalism does not provide normative answers to the challenges of digital technologies, but rather presents a set of principles and values that inform and guide them. The article argues that Internet governance is evolving towards fragmentation, polarization, and hybridization, which contribute to the development of an architecture of freedom and power in the digital environment. The study aims to identify constitutionally significant threats associated with digitalization and allows for the development of constitutional counterstrategies.

The Analysis of Video Game Title Translation: A Case Study of Iranian Darinoos Publishing

With video games gaining popularity worldwide and becoming one of the most common forms of entertainment in the digital age, the game's title holds both commercial and entertainment value. This study aims to analyze foreign video game titles that have been translated into Persian by the Iranian Darinoos publishing. The practical analysis in the research study is based on Vinay and Darbelnet (1995) and Chaume’s (2020) translation strategies. Those models were applied to compare the translation strategies used by the Darinoos with the translation strategies used by participant translators and to identify the most commonly used translation strategies by both groups. The overall results showed that literal translation remained the most widely used translation strategies in title translation. The Darinoos team used new translation, partial translation, and modulation to translate video game titles into Persian in a more creative way than the other participants. In some instances, participants didn't consider titles to be translatable and used the original title in the target language. These obtained results will be benefical to journalists, video game publishers, content writers, and game localizers.

Foreign Language Student Linguistic Personality as a Vector for the Professional Bilingualism

The relevance of the study manifests itself through the use of a polyparadigmatic approach to the consideration of the linguistic personality of a translator, including cognitive, cultural, synergetic, and competence aspects. The cognitive aspect is based on the study of the linguistic consciousness of the individual, the synergetic aspect is based on achieving a harmonious translation worldview, the cultural aspect is based on the need for an interconnected study of languages and cultures, and the competence aspect is based on the formation of personal intercultural competence. The purpose of the study is to substantiate a polyparadigmatic approach to the study of the linguistic personality of a foreign student – a future translator. As a result of the study, it was established that in the digital age, with artificial intelligence constantly evolving, new trends arise in the professional bilingualism formation of a human translator interacting with artificial intelligence. This study is based on the results of accumulated pedagogical experience and theoretical provisions in this area, which unites the educational space of two universities (PNRPU, Russia and KRU named after A. Baitursynuly, Kazakhstan). The results obtained can of interest for teachers engaged in training bilingual students, linguistic program students, for the tertiary education practitioners as well as those involved into decision making and curriculum development.

Management of Innovation in Digital Brands: An Integrative Review

The present paper explores how innovation management is manifested in digital brands. The objective of this study is to analyze the approaches to innovation management within digital brands. The methodology adopted is an integrative review with a qualitative approach. Innovation management in digital brands has become increasingly crucial in today's dynamic business landscape. Digitalization has revolutionized the way brands interact with consumers, requiring constant innovation to remain competitive. This study aims to shed light on the strategies and practices adopted by digital brands to manage innovation effectively. The methodology has a qualitative approach through integrative review, which allows for the synthesis of existing literature on innovation management in digital brands. Through research and analysis of academic articles, this article identifies key themes and trends in innovation management in the digital context. Themes such as open innovation, co-creation with consumers, agile development methodologies, and digital transformation strategies emerge as central components of innovation management in digital brands. A conceptual framework is developed to provide a structured understanding of the various dimensions of innovation management in digital brands. This framework serves as a guide for professionals and researchers seeking to navigate the complex landscape of innovation in the digital age. The results of this study reveal a multifaceted approach to innovation management in digital brands. Also it includes the development of a descriptive figure conceptual of innovation management in digital brands. In conclusion, this integrative review highlights the importance of effective innovation management in digital brands. By adopting innovative strategies and embracing digital technologies, brands can drive growth, improve customer experiences, and maintain competitiveness in today's digital economy. Furthermore, this study contributes to the academic discourse by offering insights into the evolving nature of innovation management in the digital sphere. By understanding these dynamics, organizations can adapt their strategies to thrive in an increasingly digital-centric marketplace.

Digitization of Religious Tafsir: The Fading of Indonesian Ulama Authority in Post Truth Era

In the current post-truth era, the traditional authority and credibility of Ulama, who have historically been regarded as the paramount source of religious knowledge, are increasingly compromised. This research investigates the diminishing role and efficacy of Indonesian Ulama in addressing religious and social challenges due to the pervasive influence of the Internet and social media, which provide rapid and seemingly authoritative solutions that overshadow traditional scholarly roles. The study employs a mixed-method approach, integrating observations, interviews, and comprehensive library research, incorporating both physical and digital sources. The findings elucidate three critical issues: first, the limited digital literacy among traditional Indonesian Ulama, which impedes their effective engagement with digital platforms; second, a notable gap in the public's comprehension of how to utilize digital media for religious discourse, despite an increasing interest in religious matters; and third, the superficial understanding and heightened biases among the public, stemming from the ease of accessing religious solutions via social media. This study makes a significant contribution to the discourse by underscoring the urgent necessity for Ulama to enhance their digital literacy, thereby reclaiming their authoritative role in the socio-religious landscape and ensuring that their insights remain relevant and accessible in the digital age.

Cultural heritage preservation in the digital age, harnessing artificial intelligence for the future: a bibliometric analysis

Purpose This study aims to investigate the performance analysis, science mapping and future direction of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, applications, tools and software used to preserve, curate and predict the historical value of cultural heritage. Design/methodology/approach This study uses the bibliometric research method and utilizes the Scopus database to gather data. The keywords used are “artificial intelligence” and “cultural heritage,” resulting in 718 data sets spanning from 2001 to 2023. The data is restricted to the years 2001−2023, is in English language and encompasses all types of documents, including conference papers, articles, book chapters, lecture notes, reviews and editorials. Findings The performance analysis of research on the use of AI to aid in the preservation of cultural heritage has been ongoing since 2001, and research in this area continues to grow. The countries contributing to this research include Italy, China, Greece, Spain and the UK, with Italy being the most prolific in terms of authored works. The research primarily falls under the disciplines of computer science, mathematics, engineering, social sciences and arts and humanities, respectively. Document types mainly consist of articles and proceedings. In the science mapping process, five clusters have been identified. These clusters are labeled according to the contributions of AI tools, software, apps and technology to cultural heritage preservation. The clusters include “conservation assessment,” “exhibition and visualization,” “software solutions,” “virtual exhibition” and “metadata and database.” The future direction of research lies in extended reality, which integrates virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR) and mixed reality (MR); virtual restoration and preservation; 3D printing; as well as the utilization of robotics, drones and the Internet of Things (IoT) for mapping, conserving and monitoring historical sites and cultural heritage sites. Practical implications The cultural heritage institution can use this result as a source to develop AI-based strategic planning for curating, preservation, preventing and presenting cultural heritages. Researchers and academicians will get insight and deeper understanding on the research trend and use the interdisciplinary of AI and cultural heritage for expanding collaboration. Social implications This study will help to reveal the trend and evolution of AI and cultural heritage. The finding also will fill the knowledge gap on the research on AI and cultural heritage. Originality/value Some similar bibliometric studies have been conducted; however, there are still limited studies on contribution of AI to preserve cultural heritage in wider view. The value of this study is the cluster in which AI is used to preserve, curate, present and assess cultural heritages.

The exploration and practice of the virtual teaching and Research Section of Western Economics

In the information age, the traditional teaching and research section of western economics is faced with various development difficulties, and the virtual teaching and research section of the new teaching and research organization mode has unique advantages. Zhanjiang Institute of Science and Technology has carried out the exploration and practice of the virtual teaching and Research section of Western economics, and achieved good results, in order to provide reference for the virtual teaching and research section of various colleges and universities.

Socratic Method in the Use of Web Tools

In the integral training of the student from the Being, to know, to know-how and to know-how to-be; the American University Corporation within its pedagogical model assumes a systemic model, self-regulating constructivist.; teaching and learning revolve around building knowledge from collaborative work, enabling student training. The constructivist model has its roots in philosophy, psychology, sociology and education. the verb build comes from the Latin struere, which means 'fix' or 'give structure'. Constructivism offers a new paradigm for this new era of information motivated by new technologies that have emerged in recent years. With the advent of these technologies (wikis, social networks, blogs...). In this model learning is active, not passive. people learn when they can control their learning, which generates a relatively permanent change in associations or mental representations as a result of the experience. Teaching addresses discrete learning strategies and models, Those addressed in this space are the Socratic Dialogue for the Development of Critical Thinking that seeks to develop skills in the students of Public Accounting that allow them to perform a reflective critical analysis and the methodology of Applied Projects in which the student is taken, individually or in a group to project something concrete and to execute it, giving you the opportunity to check ideas through your app and stimulate creative thinking.

The Path of Integrating Red Culture into Party Construction in Colleges and Universities in the Digital Age

The current digital transformation has become a global trend, and the Party building in colleges and universities is facing new opportunities and challenges in the digital age. Starting from the significance of the integration of red culture into the Party building work in colleges and universities in the digital age, this paper aims at solving the problems faced by the Party building work in colleges and universities, such as the lack of understanding and cognition of red culture among grass-roots student Party members, the lack of ways and means of integrating red culture into Party building system and brand characteristics. This paper puts forward some measures, such as strengthening the propaganda and learning of red culture at the grass-roots level, innovating the way of integrating red culture, establishing and perfecting the digital party building work system, and strengthening the construction of ideological and political course teachers, which provide some reference and guidance for the integration of party building work and red culture in colleges and universities in the digital era.

How enterprises in the digital age can “break through the cocoon and become new”: a study based on social media strategic capability

PurposeSocial media is booming in the digital age, and its rich availability provides many opportunities for companies to innovate across borders. In reality, how enterprises use social media to achieve cross-border innovation also faces important challenges such as breaking path dependency.Design/methodology/approachThis paper explores how social media can facilitate cross-border innovation from the perspective of strategic capability, combined with the path dependency theory and attention-based view. Hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrap method are adopted to test the hypotheses based on survey data provided by 173 firms in China.FindingsThe findings show a positive relationship between social media strategic capability and cross-border innovation, with path dependency playing a mediating role. In addition, two internal and external contextual factors, namely customer embeddedness and competitive pressure, play moderating roles, with customer embeddedness negatively moderating the negative relationship between social media strategic capability and path dependency and competitive pressure negatively moderating the negative relationship between path dependency and cross-border innovation.Originality/valueThese findings provide not only new insights into social media and cross-border innovation but also theoretical guidance on how companies can effectively use social media in practice.

Exploring the impact of big data on companies' business intelligence strategies in the digital era

Using a mixed-method approach, this research examines how big data affects business intelligence strategies in the digital age. It points out the importance of the big data analytic process in decision-making, strategic planning, and identifying growth opportunities. Nevertheless, incorporating big data into business intelligence strategies has challenges: complex data integration, privacy concerns, and the availability of skilled analysts. Nonetheless, its potential to drive innovation and growth is non-negotiable. The study findings contribute valuable insights to organizations looking to effectively navigate the embrace of big data and thrive in a data-rich digital age as more businesses embrace data-driven decision-making, the implications of this research extend beyond individual organizations This study adds to existing knowledge in the field by shedding light on the evolving landscape of big data in business science approaches that shape industry, both economic and societal. Organizations are recommended to take the practical advice of this survey to gain the full benefits from big data and unleash its transformative power. As the digital age evolves, businesses must embrace big data to remain competitive and flexible amid dynamic market forces.

Cyber intelligence and international security. Breaking the legal and diplomatic silence?

ABSTRACT In cyberspace intelligence agencies, rather than militaries, are the most prominent security actors. However, many cyber operations conducted by intelligence agencies are not ‘classic’ espionage activities, but may be best described as digital covert action (sabotage, subversion, information operations). Given the fact that international law and diplomacy traditionally do not address espionage, cyber operations conducted by intelligence agencies have developed in a legal grey zone that gets stretched by the behaviour of the intelligence agencies of the most brazen cyber powers. The digital age has significantly transformed the capabilities and the role of intelligence agencies, which raises the question if the traditional international consensus that ‘intelligence is not discussed’ is still useful in state-to-state relations. The theoretically underdefined role and activities of intelligence agencies are affected by four big changes in the digital age: increase in scale of their activities and effects, heightened ambiguity, massive expansion of the attack surface and trickle-down insecurity, which point to a need to rethink how cyber intelligence agencies should operate. Some states will continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in cyberspace, unless other states break with the legal and diplomatic silence to discuss ‘guardrails’ to cyber intelligence activities.

Leading-Edge Sentiment Analysis: A Survey of Application Context, Challenges and Advanced Techniques

Background: Data is rapidly expanding in today's digital age. The reason for the expansion of data is due i to social media sites. The Internet produces an enormous quantity of unstructured data every second. Numerous users have many opinions and reviews to impart on everything from items and services to common pastimes. Opinions, feelings, attitudes, impressions, etc., concerning subjects, products, and services are collected and analyzed through a method called sentiment analysis. Web-based networking mediums that rely on textual communication can be overwhelming. Understanding human psychology requires the real-time processing of data using techniques like sentiment analysis. Aim: This study provides a thorough examination of the differences between methods of sentiment analysis, as well as its obstacles and emerging trends. The paper exemplifies the analysis's practical uses, examines its challenges, and outlines common methods of conducting it. Objective: The objective of the current overview is to better understand the market, gauge public opinion, and make strategic decisions. In addition, enterprises, governments, and scholars can all benefit from conducting a sentiment analysis. Methods: In this research, we review and categorize the most widely applied methods of deep learning and machine learning for analyzing sentiment. From the paper, we learn that which sentiment analysis technique is the best depends on the data at hand. When confronted with large amounts of data and a lengthy procedure, traditional machine learning-based algorithms flop. The ability to train deep learning models to learn more features using larger datasets is why they currently beat machine learning methodologies. Considerations include textual and temporal context, as well as data volume. Results: Regardless of the fact that the English language has traditionally been the focus of research in this field, other spoken languages have recently attracted a growing amount of interest. The lack of resources for these languages continues to present numerous obstacles. Consequently, it can be an intriguing line of future effort to tackle other natural languages outside English by generating beneficial resources like building databases and addressing the problems with Natural language processing that have been stated in the context of sentiment examination. Conclusion: The difficulties of sentiment analysis are examined as well, with the goal of illuminating potential solutions.

Botulinum toxin-A in acute acquired comitant esotropia during COVID pandemic in children and young adolescents

Abstract Purpose: To study the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in the treatment of patients with acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) due to excessive use of mobile and laptops in the COVID era in the pediatric population and adolescents. Methods: This was a retrospective, interventional study of pediatric patients and young adults who presented with AACE and received unilateral or bilateral BTX-A. All the patients complained of binocular diplopia and sudden onset of esotropia with a history of mobile or laptop usage during the COVID era (2020–2023). Twenty-seven patients with acute-onset esotropia in 3 years (2020–2023) were included. All patients were administered 2.5–7.5 units of BTX-A (Botox, Allergan, India) into the unilateral or bilateral medial rectus muscle of the deviating eye under short general anesthesia or local anesthesia. The main outcome measures were pre- and post-injection angle of deviation, pre- and post-injection stereopsis, final level of stereopsis achieved, recurrence, and whether strabismus surgery was later required. Results: The mean age of patients was 12.85 ± 7.15 years (range: 4–25 years). The mean dosage of Botox was 6 U (2.5–7.5 U). The mean follow-up was 6 months (6 months–2 years). The mean preoperative angle of deviation (AOD) was 41.11 ± 10.9 prism diopters (PD) for distance and 41.67 ± 10.9 PD for near. The maximum effect of BTX-A was seen at 1 month; post-injection AOD was 13.65 ± 14.7 PD for distance and 14.87 ± 15.8 PD for near (P < 0.001). Over half of the patients achieved optimal outcomes, with improvements in stereopsis and sensory fusion. Early intervention (within 3 months of symptom onset) significantly correlated with treatment success. Conclusion: While BTX-A therapy for acute-onset esotropia demonstrates efficacy, patient-specific considerations are essential. This study highlights the evolving nature in the digital age and early administration of BTX-A along with close follow-up to monitor residual and recurrence of esotropia. The surgical intervention can increase the final success rate.

Promoting students’ critical thinking and creativity through TPACK based flipped classroom learning model in higher education

The rapid development of technology has influenced various aspects of life, including education. Optimal utilization of technology can be a crucial step in creating better education that is relevant to the demands of the digital era. One of the learning approaches considered relevant in this era is the flipped classroom model based on TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge). This model is believed to enhance critical and creative thinking skills, which are essential in facing the challenges of the digital age. This study aims to examine the effects of the flipped classroom model integrated with TPACK (FC-TPACK) on the critical thinking and creativity of prospective elementary school teachers. This study employed a pretest-posttest experimental design involving 250 students from public universities in Indonesia. The experimental group consisted of 125 students who used the FC-TPACK model, while the control group comprised 125 students who received conventional learning without FC-TPACK. Data analysis was conducted using MANOVA to assess the overall effect of the learning model, and ANOVA was used to examine differences in each aspect of critical thinking and creativity. The ANOVA results showed significant differences between the experimental and control groups in terms of critical thinking and creativity skills, with a significance value of 0.000 ≤ 0.05 for all aspects measured. The experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in analysis, evaluation, innovation, flexibility in thinking, and originality compared to the control group. Therefore, the FC-TPACK model is recommended for use in learning to support the development of essential skills in the digital era.

An Examination of Digital Marketing as a Tool to Enhance Customer Engagement in the Hotel Industry: A Case Study of the Western Province, Sri Lanka

Purpose: In the digital age, marketing strategies are crucial for engaging customers. This study aims to evaluate how digital marketing enhances customer engagement in the hotel industry, focusing on Western Province in Sri Lanka. This study's primary objective is to assess the impact of digital marketing to enhance customer engagement in the hotel industry in Western Province, Sri Lanka. The study focuses on the influence of social media marketing, content marketing, and mobile marketing on customer engagement. Design/methodology/approach: This quantitative study analyzes digital marketing's impact on customer engagement using data collected through an online survey with a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was employed to test three hypotheses and identify key factors influencing customer engagement in the hotel industry. Findings: According to the findings, this research shows the relationship between digital marketing and customer engagement in the hotel industry. Therefore, from this study, social media marketing and customer engagement has positive relationships, Content marketing and customer engagement has positive relationships and finally Mobile marketing, and customer engagement have positive relationships. Originality: The findings offer valuable insights for Sri Lanka's hotel industry, aiding managerial decisions and optimizing digital marketing strategies. The study emphasizes effective marketing strategies, understanding local audience preferences, and the importance of feedback for continuous improvement. Implications: This study offers valuable insights into Sri Lanka's hotel industry, aiding managerial decisions and providing essential tools for digital marketing. It highlights effective strategies and local audience preferences, supports customer segmentation for personalized marketing, and underscores the significance of feedback for ongoing improvement in digital marketing strategies.