Index Of Bone Marrow Cells Research Articles

Cytotoxic Activity of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra Methanolic Extract Against Cancer Cell Lines.

Since ancient times, several people in the Mediterranean region have employed Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra in traditional medicine. However, only the composition of its essential oils has received extensive research. This study investigated the cytogenetic and cytotoxic effects of H. triquetrifolium methanolic leaf extract on four different cancer cell lines. Methanolic extract of H. triquetrifolium leaves was prepared. Albino male mice were grouped into five: group 1 (blank control) received water;group II (CYP) received cyclophosphoamide; groups III, IV, and V were administered 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of H. triquetrifolium extracts. On the 11th day, the animals were sacrificed and bone marrowwascollected. The metaphase index (MI) of the bone marrow cells was determined to evaluate the cytogenetic effect of the extract. The cytotoxic activity of the extract was tested on four cancer cell lines (HepG2, PC3, MDA, and A594), while WRL-68 normal cells were employed as control. The index of bone marrow cells in cyclophosphamide (CYP)-treated albino male mice shows a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) between concentration inhibition 50 % IC50 of cancer cell line compered to WRL-68 normal cells, on MDA and WRL-68 cells (IC50 =185.7, 200.7), HepG2 and WRL-68 (IC50 104.9, 564.6), A549 and WRL-68 (IC50 115, 192), PC3 and WRL-68 (IC50 160.7, 298.7). The results showed that the extracts was able to increase metaphase index compared to cyclophasoamide-treated mice, which caused a drop in the percentage of metaphase index. The current study was showed that significant anti - proliferation activity of Hypericum triquetrifolium methanolic extract against MDA-MB-231 cell line is an epithelial, human breast cancer cell line,WRL-68, HepG2 and lung cancer cell lines (A594).

Effect of aqueous extract of Rosemary officinalis on cytotoxicity of CCL4 induced albino male mice

This study focused the line on the effect of aqueous extract of Rosemary officinalis, as well as, effect of toxic compound CCL4, on micronucleus formation and mitotic index assay in albino male mice. This work started at September 2017 at Biotechnology Research center \Al-Nahrain University, by using 20 albino male mice. The result indicated that aqueous extract of rosemary caused significant increased in mitotic index and decrease micronucleus formation for two doses tested 50,100 mg/kg in comparison with negative and positive controls, also the results revealed that CCL4 showed significant mutagenic action on biological system of treated mice by increased frequency of micronucleus formation and decreased the percentage of mitotic index in bone marrow cells. Pre-and post –treatment between aqueous extract and CCL4 were also made. The results of pre and post treatment with rosemary extract were also caused a significant decreased in micronucleus formation and increase the percentage of mitotic index for two doses 50,100 mg/kg in comparison with its corresponding controls which caused increased in the frequencies of micronucleus formation and decrease the percentage of mitotic index in bone marrow cells. Conclusions: Rosemary officinalis enhanced immunity, reduced mutagenic effects against cytotoxicity of CCL4.

Effect of Methotrexate and Omega-3 Combination on Cytogenetic Changes of Bone Marrow and Some Enzymatic Antioxidants: An Experimental Study

Effect of Methotrexate and Omega-3 Combination on Cytogenetic Changes of Bone Marrow and Some Enzymatic Antioxidants: An Experimental Study

Effect of Methotrexate and Omega-3 Combination on Cytogenetic Changes of Bone Marrow and Some Enzymatic Antioxidants: An Experimental Study

Effect of Methotrexate and Omega-3 Combination on Cytogenetic Changes of Bone Marrow and Some Enzymatic Antioxidants: An Experimental Study

Shuanghuang Shengbai granule cures myelosuppression and suppresses lung cancer progression: mechanism and therapeutic targets from the aspect of microRNAs

BackgroundShuanghuang Shengbai granule is effective in curing cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression without promoting lung cancer development. This study aims to investigate its mechanism and therapeutic targets.MethodsNude mice with lung cancer were treated with physiological saline (control), cyclophosphamide, or cyclophosphamide + Shuanghuang Shengbai. MicroRNA microarray was used to investigate the differentially expressed microRNAs in lung cancer stem cells or bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells between the three groups. MicroRNA expressions were confirmed using quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction.ResultsCyclophosphamide suppressed tumor growth and decreased the ratio of SP+ lung cancer stem cells (P<0.05). Shuanghuang Shengbai further decreased the ratios of SP+ and CD24+IGF1R+ lung cancer stem cells (P<0.05). Shuanghuang Shengbai completely reversed the cyclophosphamide-induced decreases in white blood cells, proliferation index of bone marrow cells, and the ratio of CD34+SCA1+ bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (P<0.05). We found 45 and 343 altered microRNAs for SP+ lung cancer stem cells and CD34+SCA1+ bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, respectively. Moreover, miR-32*, miR-466i-5p, and mmu-miR-669c in SP+ lung cancer stem cells were confirmed, as well as mmu-miR-106b*, mmu-miR-144, mmu-miR-669k*, mmu-miR-142-3p, mmu-miR-210, and mmu-miR-223 in CD34+SCA1+ bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells.ConclusionShuanghuang Shengbai might promote the proliferation of CD34+SCA1+ bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells via up-regulating mmu-miR-106b*, mmu-miR-144, and mmu-miR-669k*, as well as down-regulating mmu-miR-142-3p, mmu-miR-210, and mmu-miR-223. Shuanghuang Shengbai might further inhibit the proliferation of SP+ lung cancer stem cells via enhancing the expressions of miR-32*, miR-466i-5p, and mmu-miR-669c. These might be the mechanism and therapeutic targets of Shuanghuang Shengbai granule.

Genotoxic Effect of Methotrexate on Bone Marrow Chromosomes and DNA of Male Albino Mice (Mus Musculus)

Aim of the work-Methotrexate (MTX), a structural analogue of folic acid, is an antineoplastic and antirheumatic agent which is used in a variety of clinical schedules and combination therapy regimens in man. Material and methods- Sixty mice of nearly the same age were randomly categorized into four groups (one control and three treated groups with different doses of methotrexate). Mice of the treated groups 1, 2 and 3 were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of methotrexate (2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg b. wt. respectively) at the first day of the experiment. All the control and the treated animals were sacrificed after 24, 48 or 72 hour by cervical dislocation post treatment. Results-Methotrexate treatment induced structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations in male mice bone marrow cells which were significantly increased (P< 0.001) by dose and time. Structural aberrations were chromosomal gap, fragment, break, centromeric attenuation, deletion, centric fusion, ring formation, end to end association and beaded chromosomes. Numerical aberration was polyploidy. Also, methotrexate treatment decreased the mitotic index in bone marrow cells of all the treated mice in comparison with the control group by increasing dose and time of treatment. Comet assay results indicated that treatment with methotrexate significantly increased (P< 0.001) DNA damage in the blood leukocytes in dose and time dependent manner. Conclusion- It can be concluded that methotrexate induced genetic damage on the chromosomes and DNA content of male albino mice even after single treatment with low doses.

Protecting effect of caffeine against vinblastine (an anticancer drug) induced genotoxicity in mice

Vinblastine a DNA non-intercalating agent has wide application against several human neoplasms, and found to cause cytogenotoxicity. In this study, clastogenotoxicity of vinblastine (1.5 mg/kg b w) and its prevention by caffeine at different doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg b w) administered intraperitoneally was assessed in in vivo mice. It was found that micronucleus level had decreased significantly (up to 28.8%) in 100 mg caffeine treated group at 30 h post treatment. However, it did not exhibit protective effect against chromosomal aberration in spaermatogonial cells at 24 h post treatment. The frequencies of aberrant primary spermatocytes had decreased significantly in 25 and 100 mg caffeine at 4th week of post treatment. Similarly, in 100 mg of caffeine administered, abnormal sperm level had reduced (4.01%) significantly at 8th week post treatment. Thus, caffeine decreased the vinblastine induced chromosomal aberrations and mitotic index in bone marrow cells. In conclusion, this study shows that caffeine exerts protective effect against vinblastin induced cytogenotoxicity. Further studies on molecular mechanism are interesting in order to develop it as an effective drug in cancer chemotherapy.

The influence of endogenous protein complex on morpho‐functional activity of bone marrow cells (616.3)

Endogenous regulators of proliferation are considered as a main player of cell‐cycle regulatory system. Specific actions (stimulation or inhibition) on the target cell are the primary function of regulators. Stimulating growth factors are well described while Inhibitory factors are still less known. One of the growth inhibitory endogenous thermostabile complex is identified in various organs of phylogeneticaly distance organisms (from bacteria to human). The complex decreases the homologous cells proliferation by inhibiting of RNA synthesis. The complex is not species specific but it is characterized by organ specificity, which is revealed only on terminally differentiated cells.The Goal Investigation of endogenous protein complex influence on morpho‐functional activity of bone marrow.Objectives Investigations were carried out on growing rats and adult mice. Obtaining of endogenous thermostabile protein complex from various organs of rat with alcohol extraction was performed; The determination of mitotic index was used for estimation of cell proliferation activity.Results We have found that mitotic index has not changed after the injection of endogenous thermostabile protein complex. Particularly colchicine mitotic index of bone marrow cells in adult mice of control group equals to 65±1.3, mitotic index is 63±2.5‰ after the injection of protein complex. The same picture is observed in growing rats. The value of mitotic index is not changed with compared to control group.Conclusion On the bases of our results we can conclude that organ specificity of protein complex, is still maintained in case of bone marrow cells despite that fact that bone marrow contains the cells with different degrees of differentiation.This results may be considered as new evidence about the action of endogenous protein complex and its possible usage in medicine for development of new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cancer.

P-142 The proliferation index of bone marrow cells from myelodysplastic syndromes is associated with the diagnostic and prognostic of the disease

P-142 The proliferation index of bone marrow cells from myelodysplastic syndromes is associated with the diagnostic and prognostic of the disease

The genotoxic and teratogenic effects of maltitol in rats

In the present study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of the low-caloric artificial sweetener maltitol, which is a sugar alcohol (polyol), were investigated in the bone marrow cells of rats using the chromosome aberration (CA) test. In addition, the teratogenicity and embryotoxicity of maltitol was also investigated in rats. To reveal the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of maltitol, rats were intraperitoneally administered 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg body weight (bw) concentrations of maltitol for 6, 12 and 24 h treatment period. The pregnant females were intraperitoneally treated with 1, 2 and 4 g/kg bw/day concentrations of maltitol during the first 7 days of gestation (first trimester) to investigate the teratogenicity of maltitol. The embryos were collected after killing the dams by cervical dislocation under ether anaesthesia on gestation day 19. Maltitol did not induce the CA and did not decrease the mitotic index in bone marrow cells of rats at all concentrations and treatment periods. In addition, maltitol was not teratogenic; however, it decreased the foetuses weight and at the highest dose (4 g/kg bw) caused growth retardation.

Egyptian sweet marjoram leaves protect against genotoxicity, immunosuppression and other complications induced by cyclophosphamide in albino rats

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is one of the most popular alkylating anticancer drugs that show a high therapeutic index, despite the widespread side effects and toxicity particularly in high-dose regimens and long-term use. Here, we evaluated and compared the efficacy of two different doses (50 and 100mg/kg body weight, given orally for 30 consecutive days) of Egyptian sweet marjoram leaf powder (MLP) and marjoram leaf aqueous extract (MLE) in alleviating the genotoxicity, immunosuppression and other complications induced by CP in non-tumour-bearing albino rats. The present study showed (probably for the first time) that both MLP and MLE significantly alleviated (P<0·05-0·001) most side effects and toxicity of CP-treated rats including the increase in chromosomal aberrations of bone marrow cells and serum malondialdehyde level, the decrease in the level of serum Ig, the delayed type of hypersensitivity response as also the weights and cellularity of lymphoid organs, and myelosuppression, leucopenia, macrocytic normochromic anaemia as well as thrombocytopenia by reactivating the non-enzymic (reduced glutathione) and enzymic (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase) antioxidant system and increasing the mitotic index of bone marrow cells. The modulatory effects of marjoram leaves shown in the present study were dose dependent in most cases and much higher in MLE (21-23% for all parameters taken together). In addition, the doses used in the present study were considered safe. In conclusion, sweet marjoram leaves (especially in the form of a herbal tea) may be useful as an immunostimulant and in reducing genotoxicity in patients under chemotherapeutic interventions.

Study of cytotoxic Effects Alcoholic Nerium Oleander L. Extract on female Albino mice

This study involved the evaluation of Alcoholic extract of Nerium Oleander L. plant that have a promising anticancer cell. This extract was compared to the well known anticancer drug Cis – Platinum by utilizing an in vivo system in female Albino mice. The first direction was cytogenetically using the mitotic Index of bone marrow cells as a parameter for the cytotoxic effect of this extract. The second direction was enzymatical using a widely distributed enzyme GOT in the different organs of mice: Liver , kidney , spleen and lung . Animals were treated with three doses of Cis-platin , 50 , 200 and 350 Mg/mouse for three days . The same doses were used for the other extract . This study showed that the extract have a promising anticancer cell as could be seen from these effect on mitotic Index (MI) of mice bone marrow , (MI) decreased in animals treated with different doses of extract , mitotic index was reduced to 78% on day three in animals treated with 350 ?g/mouse . These effects were similar to the effect of Cis-platin at the same doses. Comparing the effect of this extract on GOT enzyme showed that Cis-platin was more effective on activating the spleen GOT enzyme of about 95% than the extract while the extract is more effective in Lung , The extract activated GOT enzyme activity in the all organs.

Study of cytotoxic Effects Alcoholic Nerium Oleander L. Extract on female Albino mice

This study involved the evaluation of Alcoholic extract of Nerium Oleander L. plant that have a promising anticancer cell. This extract was compared to the well known anticancer drug Cis – Platinum by utilizing an in vivo system in female Albino mice. The first direction was cytogenetically using the mitotic Index of bone marrow cells as a parameter for the cytotoxic effect of this extract. The second direction was enzymatical using a widely distributed enzyme GOT in the different organs of mice: Liver , kidney , spleen and lung . Animals were treated with three doses of Cis-platin , 50 , 200 and 350 Mg/mouse for three days . The same doses were used for the other extract . This study showed that the extract have a promising anticancer cell as could be seen from these effect on mitotic Index (MI) of mice bone marrow , (MI) decreased in animals treated with different doses of extract , mitotic index was reduced to 78% on day three in animals treated with 350 ?g/mouse . These effects were similar to the effect of Cis-platin at the same doses. Comparing the effect of this extract on GOT enzyme showed that Cis-platin was more effective on activating the spleen GOT enzyme of about 95% than the extract while the extract is more effective in Lung , The extract activated GOT enzyme activity in the all organs.

Efficacy of ethanolic spore extract of &lt;i&gt;Lycopodium clavatum&lt;/i&gt; in reducing induced hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity in mice

Ethanolic extract of spores of Lycopodium clavatum L., reportedly has profound effect against liver disorders, but lacks adequate experimental validation. To test this claim, healthy inbred Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus, were divided into different groups: Gr.I mice were fed normal diet (negative control); Gr.II - fed normal diet plus ethanol; Gr.III - fed two carcinogens of liver, [0.06% p-dimethyl aminoazobenzene (initiator) and 0.05% phenobarbital (promoter)] known to induce hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity; Gr.IV- mice fed ethanol plus both the carcinogens, and Gr.V- fed carcinogens plus spore extract of Lycopodium clavatum. They were sacrificed at day 90 and 120 for histological studies of liver, assay of cytotoxicity markers and assessment of genotoxicity using endpoints such as chromosome aberrations, micronuclei, mitotic index in bone marrow cells and sperm head anomaly. Additionally, western blot for p53 protein expression and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in liver was compared among different groups of treated and control mice to evaluate its therapeutic potentials. Compared to Gr.III and IV, less number of mice developed tumors in Gr.V along with significant reduction in hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity, thereby validating its potential use against liver ailments as a herbal remedy.Keywords: p-dimethyl aminoazobenzene, phenobarbital, plant extract, amelioration.

Immunomodulation property of hexane fraction of leaves of Cinnamomum tamala Linn. in rats

The leaves of Cinnamomum tamala Linn. (CT) (Lauraceae) clinically used in Ayurveda as antidiabetic and diuretic, but no reports are available towards immunomodulating property. Its hexane fraction (CTH) was orally given to rats for 10 days and delayed type of hypersensitivity (DTH), antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), mitotic index in bone marrow cells and concanavalin A (Con A) mediated proliferation of lymphocytes were assessed. Further on 30 days treatment, change in body weight (BW), spleen weight, thymus weight, bone marrow cellularity and hematological changes were observed. It inhibited significantly the DTH response (IC(50) 1475 +/- 57.19 mg kg(-1) BW), antibody production, suppressed mitotic index in bone marrow cells along with the suppression of lymphocyte proliferation against Con A (IC(50) 63.33 +/- 1.95 microg mL(-1)). In all experiments, cyclophasphamide and dexamethasone had been used as reference drug for in vivo and in vitro studies, respectively. On 30 days treatment, the CTH (800 mg kg(-1) BW and above) significantly suppressed growth rate, increase of spleen and thymus weight and low bone marrow cellularity. In hematological examination, it inhibited total white blood cell and lymphocytes count and increased per cent of polymorphs. Thus, it could be suggested that the fraction possesses immunosuppressive property at doses, higher than 800 mg kg(-1) BW in rats.

Effect of sage (Salvia officinalis) aqueous extract on mitotic index in albino male mice

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of sage (Salvia officinalis) on bone marrow cells in albino male mice by using three doses ( 83.9, 167.8 or 251.7 mg/kg) and cytosar drug at dose of ( 1.54 mg/kg). The results showed that sage has the ability to increase the mitotic index in mice in comparing with the negative control and in mice treated with cytosar drug that caused reduction in mitotic index. The results of pre- and post-treatment with the ideal dose of aqueous extract of sage and cytosar drug showed the ability of sage to increase the mitotic index of bone marrow cells in mice in comparing with the negative controls.

Cytogenetic effect of lactobacillus acidophilus concentrated filtrate on albino mice bone marrow cells

This study deals with the cytogenetic effect of lactobacillus acidophilus concentrated filtrate on metaphase index of bone marrow cells in mice. Cyclophosphamide is a drug that is used primarily for treating several types of cancer. In order to work, cyclophosphamide first is converted by the liver into two chemicals, acrolein and phosphoramide. The results showed that lactobacillus acidophilus concentrated filtrate caused a significant increased in metaphase index in comparison with the negative control (distilled water) and positive controls (Cyclophosphamide) especially at high doses. The results of interaction study showed that pre- and post-treatment with lactobacillus acidophilus concentrated filtrate caused a significant increased in metaphase index of mice bone marrow cells

In vivo method for sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster foetal and bone marrow cells.

An in vivo BrdU labelling method for sister chromatid staining in Chinese hamster foetal and bone marrow cells is reported. The mitotic index in bone marrow cells was many times higher than that in foetal cells (2.7 to 11.3 and 0.1 to 2.1, respectively) whereas both tissues produced metaphases of high quality. Sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in the foetal cells of 3 non-treated hamsters varied from 5.4 to 7.4, and in the bone marrow cells of 11 non-treated hamsters, from 2.9 to 5.4.

Cytogenetic Effect of Arum maculatum Extract on the Bone Marrow Cells of Mice

Abstract Treatment with Arum maculatum extract remarkably lowered the mitotic index in bone marrow cells of Swiss male mice at all of the exposure times and in almost all concentrations studied compared with corresponding controls. The reduction in the mitotic index revealed a mitodepressive effect of the extract on dividing bone marrow cells of mice. Following application of the lowest dose (125 mg/ml), 24 h was considered the threshold limit of exposure time in the experiment able to provide the highest result. After 24 h exposure at the lowest dose (125 mg/ml), the recorded cytogenetic effect of Arum maculatum extract started to decrease (after 36h it was lower than at 24h exposure).Arum maculatum extract induced a wide range of abnormalities involving all the stages of mitosis in the bone marrow cells of mice. These include restitution, micro and multinuclei, abnormal prophase, C-metaphase, sticky chromosomes, fragments, bridges, non-congression and laggards. The main effect of the extract, however, w...

Vitamin C Modulation of Cisplatin-Induced Cytogenotoxicity in Bone Marrow, Spermatogonia and its Transmission in the Male Germline of Swiss Mice

Relative modulatory effects of three different doses of vitamin C (VC), 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, on cytogenotoxicity induced by cisplatin (CP) 5 mg/kg were assessed from the comparison of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and mitotic index in bone marrow cells, micronucleus test (MNT) in polychromatic erythrocytes from the somatic cell line and spermatogonial chromosome aberrations (SCAs), primary spermatocytic chromosome analysis and sperm morphology assay from the male germline of VC-pretreated and CP-alone treated mice.Each pretreatment dose of VC protected bone marrow cells from the CP-induced cytogenotoxicity by decreasing the aberrant metaphases, CAs and MN significantly, particularly the lower doses. The protection was inversely proportional to the pretreated dose of VC i.e., the higher the dose of VC the less protection was provided. The lower doses of VC also protected the spermatogonial cells by significantly decreasing the CP-induced aberrant metaphases and SCAs, whereas the highest dose potentiated such effects by increasing them significantly. Besides, transmission of CP-induced cytogenotoxicity in the male germline was enhanced significantly in all VC pretreated mice, resulting in an increase in the frequency of aberrant primary spermatocytes and abnormal sperm. Since the spermatogonial cells with gross effects were eliminated/died, the tolerable effects stabilized in some of them were transmitted through the male germline with the consequent increase in the manifestation of aberrant primary spermatocytes and abnormal sperm. However, VC failed to decrease in the transmission of such effects.Thus, the protective action of VC was dose dependent and tissue specific. Moreover, the time of VC treatment i.e., its pre- or post-treatment to the exposure of cells to cytogenotoxic substances is important in providing protection from or potentiation of the cytogenotoxic effects.