Increase In Production Rate Research Articles

Spontaneous plasma formation via electrical explosion of nanostructured metal surface layers in plasma–surface interactions

The article is aimed at studying the issue of spontaneous, i.e., triggerless ignition of arcing plasma splashes due to explosive-electron-emission pulses at fiber-form nanostructured (W-fuzz) surface during plasma–surface interaction. There has been proposed an equivalent sputtering yield for arcing Yeff = 4.8 γ C/mg, where γ is the rate of plasma production (mass per charge) from a cathode by vacuum arc discharge. The ratio of the released-to-incident atoms Yeff can reach the value of about 10 for the plasma production rate of 2 mg/C. The increase in the plasma production rate γ has been estimated as (i) an increase in mass due to mechanical destruction of neighboring nanofragments and (ii) a decrease in ions average charge. The resulting twentyfold increase in γ at few-μm layers agrees with the experimental observations. The critical temperature Tcr (and corresponding cohesive energy Ecoh = 5 Tcr) for the W-fuzz nanostructure has been estimated as Tcr = 2 n/n0 eV, where n/n0 is the relative density of the W-fuzz nanostructure. It falls below 1 eV for typical fuzz layer thickness larger than few tenths of μm. This results in the experimentally observed reduction of the average W-ions charge in vacuum arc plasma.

A practical workflow to design inflow control devices in SAGD projects to increase production and lower fresh water usage

This paper discusses the significance of inflow control devices (ICDs) in steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) operations and their impact on well performance in different reservoir heterogeneities and qualities. The study focuses on investigating the specifications of ICD design using a numerical flow simulation model and flow rate versus pressure data obtained from a flow-loop experiment. The key advantage of employing flow-loop experiment data in the simulation would be a physics-based mechanistic model rather than using empirical correlations.The research collects core analysis data from three wells and particle size distribution (PSD) data from four wells in the same location. Permeability estimation is conducted for each PSD using a previously developed correlation. These data and other real data are used to construct the reservoir model, and the performance of liner deployed (LD) ICDs is compared by assigning flow-loop data to the simulation.By employing a relatively conservative production approach with subcooling between 10 °C and 15 °C, the cases with LDICDs demonstrate higher oil production rates, improved steam conformance, and lower cumulative steam oil ratios (cSOR) compared to the case without LDICDs. However, in a relatively challenging production scenario with subcooling between 1 °C and 5 °C, the case without ICDs cannot be simulated at the desired subcooling temperature and the cases with LDICDs improved the well productivity. LDICD#1 is identified in both scenarios as the best case due to its enhanced steam conformance and higher oil production rate.Compared to the case without ICDs, using LDICD#1 at higher subcooling temperatures leads to a 17 % increase in oil production rate, while reducing cSOR and natural gas usage by 8 % and 10 % respectively. Similarly, at lower subcooling temperatures, the case with LDICD#1 shows a 21 % increase in oil production rate and reductions of 12 % and 17 % in cSOR and consumed natural gas respectively, compared to the case without ICDs.The findings highlight the effectiveness of LDICDs at various subcooling levels and their potential application in SAGD projects to reduce freshwater usage and greenhouse gas emissions. Completion and production engineers can benefit from a better understanding of relative production performance to develop more effective operational designs.

Crop Prediction Model Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Machine learning applications are having a great impact on the global economy by transforming the data processing method and decision making. Agriculture is one of the fields where the impact is significant, considering the global crisis for food supply. This research investigates the potential benefits of integrating machine learning algorithms in modern agriculture. The main focus of these algorithms is to help optimize crop production and reduce waste through informed decisions regarding planting, watering, and harvesting crops. This paper includes a discussion on the current state of machine learning in agriculture, highlighting key challenges and opportunities, and presents experimental results that demonstrate the impact of changing labels on the accuracy of data analysis algorithms. The findings recommend that by analyzing wide-ranging data collected from farms, incorporating online IoT sensor data that were obtained in a real-time manner, farmers can make more informed verdicts about factors that affect crop growth. Eventually, integrating these technologies can transform modern agriculture by increasing crop yields while minimizing waste. Fifteen different algorithms have been considered to evaluate the most appropriate algorithms to use in agriculture, and a new feature combination scheme-enhanced algorithm is presented. The results show that we can achieve a classification accuracy of 99.59% using the Bayes Net algorithm and 99.46% using Naïve Bayes Classifier and Hoeffding Tree algorithms. These results will indicate an increase in production rates and reduce the effective cost for the farms, leading to more resilient infrastructure and sustainable environments. Moreover, the findings we obtained in this study can also help future farmers detect diseases early, increase crop production efficiency, and reduce prices when the world is experiencing food shortages.

Pengukuran Efektivitas Mesin dengan Metode Overall Equipment Effectiveness Pada Mesin Stamping

The ability of an industrial company to produce a product will certainly depend on the ability of the machine used as a tool to produce every part of the product. Over time, increased market demand must be accompanied by an increase in production rates. Where this requires industrial companies to have high productivity, especially in the machining parts used in the production process. We can measure this effectiveness using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method, which is often used to measure the productivity of the machine or equipment used. Based on the research results, it can be seen that the average value of Overall Equipment Effectivities (OEE) on a stamping machine is 39.9%.

Understanding ozone episodes during the TRACER-AQ campaign in Houston, Texas: The role of transport and ozone production sensitivity to precursors

This study investigated transport pathways and photochemical formation responsible for ozone exceedances during the September 2021 deployment of the Tracking Aerosol Convection Interactions ExpeRiment/Air Quality (TRACER-AQ) campaign in Houston, Texas. We focused on two ozone episodes, September 6th–September 11th (“Episode 1”) and September 23rd–September 26th (“Episode 2”), when the maximum daily eight-hour average (MDA8) ozone at surface monitors exceeded 70 ppbv. Long-range transport patterns of air masses during these episodes were from the central/northern US. High-resolution (4 km resolution) trajectory analysis with FLEXible PARTicle (FLEXPART) dispersion model revealed local recirculation of air masses and the accumulation of pollutants across Houston contribute to the ozone exceedances. Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions (CAMx) driven by 1.33-km resolution meteorology from the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) tool simulated elevated ozone production rates during ozone episodes across the Houston metropolitan area, with ozone production hotspots mostly over Houston city and industrial districts of the Houston Ship Channel (HSC). The regional increase in ozone production rates was due to the transport of VOC-rich air masses (via northerly flows) that brought ozone precursors to the region, which ultimately caused a transition in the ozone formation tendency from generally VOC-limited to NOx-limited conditions. However, the city of Houston and the HSC remained in a VOC-limited regime because of local NOx emissions that, to some extent, preponderated the impact of transported VOCs. While approximately 37 % of the elevated ozone production was attributed to local photochemistry, the remaining ∼63 % increase in ozone production was due to the transported ozone to the region during episodes, bringing ozone to the Houston region and contributing to ozone exceedances. The outcomes of this study illustrated the synergy between transport and ozone production, both long-range and local scale, which resulted in ozone exceedances in Houston.

Microbial synthetic biology for plant metabolite production: a strategy to reconcile human health with the realization of the UN Sustainable Development Goals

AbstractPlants produce a wide range of secondary metabolites that provide an array of benefits for human health. Challenges of native host production systems such as excessive land use, large carbon footprints, long production times, and high production costs often make plant‐based production of these critical metabolites inefficient and unsustainable. Engineered production through microbial‐based synthetic biology offers an alternative method of producing plant compounds that addresses the limitations encountered in plant‐based production. New technological and analytical tools such as bioprospecting, machine learning, and protein modeling can be used to explore biodiversity‐based data to identify more efficient enzymatic sequences for optimizing the production of plant derivatives. Ex planta production using microbial chassis systems provides a flexible, scalable metabolic platform that can more readily integrate new metabolic processes. Potential improvements include increased production rates and enhanced bioavailability of critical compounds, expanding the frontiers of metabolite production for optimized clinical applications. Microbial‐based synthetic biology also opens an avenue for sustainable production, with the capability of modifying the microbial chassis to accommodate a wide variety of substrates for feedstock. It includes the utilization of waste from human activities as carbon sources for production, presenting an opportunity to use cheap renewable resources for greener production methods. The benefits of ex planta production systems can potentially enable the efficient, scalable, and sustainable production of plant derivatives that may vastly improve health and help bring forward the realization of the 2030 UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Design, Optimization and Analysis of Milling Fixture

Abstract: The manufacturing industry of small scale provides wide range of products to fulfill the market needs. To face many challenges of market these industries should increase their production rate with good quality and accuracy. The manual production is of low production rate and long throughput time. Moreover, standardization of manual processes is difficult and also its difficulty in maintenance, thus fixtures is used on the machines. Therefore, this study aims to design a Fixture. Basically, Fixture is a work holding device to guide the tool. The main purpose of making this fixture is to perform the milling operation without any need of shifting the job regularly. This results in reduction of production time and increase in production rate. This will lead to decreasing manufacturing time and also the machining cost. In this work the Milling fixture is designed and analyzed for the stresses and deformation that occur during the machining process. The CAD modeling Software is used to model the Milling fixture and analysis work will be carried out by using ANSYS Workbench Software.

Analysis of wellbore clogging by asphaltene deposition using interaction energies

Well columns could be prone to deposition of asphaltene with severe detrimental impacts. The goal of the current work was to determine how asphaltene particles that interact with casing surfaces may clog the well columns. Objectives such as whether asphaltene deposition forms at a certain depth of the wellbore and also the impact of particle size, production rate, and casing material on the probability of wellbore clogging have been considered. To do so, the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XLDVO) interaction theory and surface properties were investigated in relation to the depth of well column based on measurements of the contact angle for interacting asphaltene-crude oil-casing systems. The findings of this investigation revealed that it is possible to determine if asphaltene deposition takes place at a specific depth of the well column. Additionally, the sticking probability of asphaltene particles was used to statistically and qualitatively predict the impact of casing substrate, production rate, and asphaltene particle size on the well column's clogging profile. The results indicate that when production rate and asphaltene particle size increase, a thinner layer of asphaltene deposits would be expected. Accordingly, the clogging risk decreased at least 60% with a three-fold increase in particle size from 500 nm to 1.5 µm.

Evaluation of biogas production rate and leachate treatment in Landfill through a water-energy nexus framework for integrated waste management

The aim of this study was to investigate the simultaneous biogas generation and leachate treatment using municipal waste and its polluted leachate at Mashhad landfill in northeast Iran. The research focused on examining the kinetic model of CH4, CO2, CO, H2S and O2 production with and without leachate recirculation (LR) through control/test wells. The findings from both wells showed an increase in logarithmic CH4 production rate, with the coefficient related to the rate of increase in methane concentration ranging from 0/52-0/64 in the control well and 0/47-0/55 in the test well, respectively. Under LR conditions, it was observed that the CH4 production rate was slower, taking an average of 120 minutes to reach 50% concentration, compared to just 15 minutes without LR. Using first-order equations, the CH4 production coefficients were measured to be 2/17 h−1 and 0/9 h−1 for the control and test wells, respectively. The analysis of recirculated leachate revealed a significant decrease (∼30%) in the total volume of leachate with 72% COD removal, which could help manage overloaded leachate problems in the landfill. The COD removal coefficient was found to be 0/036 day−1 in the control well, whereas the test well with leachate recirculation showed a more rapid decrease from 50 g.l−1 to about 14 g.l−1 with a removal coefficient of 0/012 day−1, three times higher than the control well. Additionally, nitrogen content analysis indicated that although the amount of ammonia content increased with LR, the increase was relatively low in comparison to conditions without LR, equivalent to 1394 ppm and 1000 ppm in control and test wells, respectively. This study aligns with the water-energy-nexus concept by offering a sustainable solution for waste management and energy generation, while also addressing water management challenges associated with landfill operations.

Prospects of robotics in food processing: an overview

Mechanical progressions in different spaces have widened the application skyline of advanced mechanics to an unbelievable degree. Packaging and processing are some of the important aspects involved in the food industry. As the global population continues to rise with increasing consumer demand for a wider variety of food products, food manufacturing is exploring various strategies, techniques, and methods to meet the demand and adapt to the change. Industrial robots are being integrated into every part of the food manufacturing sector to increase production rates and improve food quality and hygiene. The introduction of more stringent legislation is forcing the food sector to update its production process. On the vigorous review of 50 papers, this paper provides a comprehensive review of robotics in food processing and investigates its analysis in terms of the level of automation applied in various food processing industries. The expectation of food-Robo in the food sectors and robotics with an optimized protocol to fetch various ingredients and shape them into a final product.

Estimating the efficiency of some industrial domestic catalysts in ammonia decomposition

Import substitution industrialization makes it necessary to adapt domestic industrial catalysts for the application in important technological processes, particularly the environmentally friendly production of hydrogen, which is not accompanied by the emission of СОх and NОх. Ammonia is considered as the most promising medium for hydrogen storage due to its high density with respect to hydrogen as well as convenient storage and transportation. The paper demonstrates the possibility of using industrial domestic catalysts NIAP-03-01, NIAP-07-01, NIAP-06-06 and the developed by our team Со-Al2O3 /SiO2 in the reaction of ammonia dissociation. The conversion and the hydrogen production rate increase in the series NIAP-06-06 – NIAP-03-01 – NIAP-07-01 – Со-Al2O3 /SiO2. At 550 °С and OSG 3000 h–1 the conversion of ammonia on Со-Al2O3 /SiO2 is close to 100 %. Effective activation energies of all the catalysts are comparable with the literature data for the ammonia decomposition reaction; so these catalysts are potentially applicable at moderate temperatures.

Modeling of closed-circuit ball milling of cement clinker via a PBM with a variable Tromp curve for classification

Full-scale closed-circuit cement ball milling was modeled using a true unsteady-state simulator (TUSSIM), based on a transient cell-based population balance model (PBM) with a set of differential algebraic equations (DAEs). As a major novelty, the PBM for the mill was coupled with a dust load-dependent, variable Tromp curve for the air classifier. Results from the dynamic simulations suggest that lower air flow rate or higher rotor speed of the classifier not only led to a finer product but also increased the dust load of the classifier feed. When the dust load was too high, operational failure due to overloading of the whole circuit was detected. Finally, TUSSIM was used for process optimization with a global optimizer-DAE solver to identify the air classifier's parameters that yielded desirable cement quality while maximizing production rate. We have demonstrated that the optimization could increase production rate by 7% compared to the baseline process.

Effect of static magnetic field exposure on biohydrogen production via dark fermentation of glucose

The effect of a static magnetic field (SMF) on the microbial activity of anaerobic granular sludge was investigated using a SMF field provided by a magnetic platform with intensities between 30 and 90 mT. BioH2 production was assessed in fed batch fermentation tests from glucose using anaerobic granular sludge with (HT) and without (WHT) heat shock pretreatment (100 ºC, 1 h). Under the conditions tested, 70 mT SMF was the best condition for bioH2 production, with a threefold decrease of lag time, a 12–50% increase in bioH2 production rate, and an improved consumption of iron and phosphate, compared to the controls (no SMF). Exposure to the SMF induced modifications in volatile fatty acid (VFA) production, pH and conductivity, biomass concentration, exopolysaccharide (EPS) composition as well as size and settleability of the granular anaerobic sludge. Microbial analysis showed that in the presence of the SMF, the relative abundance (RA) of Clostridium and Lactobacillus increased in both HT and WHT sludges, while it decreased the RA of Methanosaeta and Methanobacterium. The RA of Terrisporobacter increased with the heat shock, and also the stimulation along the fed batch cycles improved the RA of Terrisporobacter with and without SMF. The application of the SMF as a pre-treatment of inoculum and during bioH2 production seems to be an interesting and easy scaling up strategy to shorten the start-up of the dark fermentation process and help reducing the microbial diversity of the sludge, favouring more specialized species for bioH2 production.

Flow-Electrode Microbial Electrosynthesis for Increasing Production Rates and Lowering Energy Consumption

• Scalable flow-electrode MES reactor was constructed for CO 2 utilization. • Powder activated carbon amendment doubled acetate production rate. • Flow-electrode decreased the electroosmosis rate and charge transfer resistance. • Flow-electrode increased the expressive abundance of genes for electron transfer. • WLP and rTCA were the complete pathways for carbon fixing. The development of microbial electrosynthesis (MES) for renewable electricity-driven bioutilization of CO 2 has recently attracted considerable interest due to its ability to synthesize chemicals with the transition towards a circular carbon economy. However, the increase of acetate production and the decrease of energy consumption of MES using an advanced reactor design have received less attention. In this study, the total acetate production rate using novel flow-electrode MES reactors ((16 ± 1) g·m −2 ·d −1 ) was double that using reactors without powder activated carbon (PAC) amendment ((8 ± 3) g·m −2 ·d −1 ). The flow-electrode MES reactors had a Coulombic efficiency of 43.5% ± 3.1%, an energy consumption of (0.020 ± 0.005) kWh·g −1 , and an energy efficiency of 18.7% ± 1.3% during acetate production. The flow-electrode with PAC amendment could decrease the net water flux and charge transfer resistance, while had little impact on the cell voltage, rheological behavior, and acetate adsorption. In the flow-electrode MES reactors, the expression of genes involving in energy production and conversion were increased, and the increase of acetate production was found correlated with the increased abundance of Acetobacterium. The Wood–Ljungdahl pathway (WLP) and reductive citric acid cycle (rTCA) were found to be the complete pathways responsible for carbon fixation. The concentrations of acetate in the stacked flow-electrode MES reached 7.0 g·L −1 . This study presents a new approach for the construction of scalable MES reactors with high-performance chemical generation and CO 2 utilization.

Investigating the effects of 7-ketocholesterol on retinal pigment epithelium bioenergetics.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with formation of drusen, clusters of lipids, and oxidized lipid products under the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). 7-Ketocholesterol (7KC) is a form of oxidized cholesterol present in drusen and is hypothesized to play a role in AMD pathogenesis. The association of 7KC with cellular toxicity and inflammation, key elements of AMD pathology, has been demonstrated. However, the effects of 7KC on altering RPE bioenergetics, a potentially important pathologic process in AMD, are unclear. Herein, we describe the effects of non-lethal doses of 7KC on the bioenergetics and phenotype of RPE cells in culture. Metabolic analysis demonstrated a significant dose-dependent increase in total ATP production rates that was driven primarily by an increase in glycolysis. The increase in glycolysis was accompanied by an increase in glucose uptake and increased expression of hexokinase 1. Increased levels of Translocase of Outer Mitochondrial Membrane 20and NADH:Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Core Subunit S1, Succinate dehydrogenase, Ubiquinol-Cytochrome C Reductase Core Protein 2, Cytochrome C Oxidase II, and ATP synthase subunit beta, proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), were also seen. However, specific electron transport chain activity remained unchanged. 7KC-treated cells also demonstrated a change in cellular morphology with decreased expression of epithelial markers. In summary, 7KC has significant effects on the bioenergetics and morphology of RPE cells reflective of findings seen in clinical AMD.

A combined computational and functional approach identifies IGF2BP2 as a driver of chemoresistance in a wide array of pre-clinical models of colorectal cancer

AimChemoresistance is a major cause of treatment failure in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. In this study, the impact of the IGF2BP family of RNA-binding proteins on CRC chemoresistance was investigated using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches.MethodsGene expression data from a well-characterized cohort and publicly available cross-linking immunoprecipitation sequencing (CLIP-Seq) data were collected. Resistance to chemotherapeutics was assessed in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and patient-derived organoids (PDOs). Functional studies were performed in 2D and 3D cell culture models, including proliferation, spheroid growth, and mitochondrial respiration analyses.ResultsWe identified IGF2BP2 as the most abundant IGF2BP in primary and metastastatic CRC, correlating with tumor stage in patient samples and tumor growth in PDXs. IGF2BP2 expression in primary tumor tissue was significantly associated with resistance to selumetinib, gefitinib, and regorafenib in PDOs and to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in PDX in vivo. IGF2BP2 knockout (KO) HCT116 cells were more susceptible to regorafenib in 2D and to oxaliplatin, selumitinib, and nintedanib in 3D cell culture. Further, a bioinformatic analysis using CLIP data suggested stabilization of target transcripts in primary and metastatic tumors. Measurement of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) revealed a decreased basal OCR and an increase in glycolytic ATP production rate in IGF2BP2 KO. In addition, real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis confirmed decreased expression of genes of the respiratory chain complex I, complex IV, and the outer mitochondrial membrane in IGF2BP2 KO cells.ConclusionsIGF2BP2 correlates with CRC tumor growth in vivo and promotes chemoresistance by altering mitochondrial respiratory chain metabolism. As a druggable target, IGF2BP2 could be used in future CRC therapy to overcome CRC chemoresistance.

UNIVERSAL HYDROGAS-DYNAMIC PATTERNS OF THE DRAINAGE ZONE OF OIL AND GAS WELLS

Large-scale experimental hydrogasodynamic studies of the flow of a two-phase gas-liquid mixture in a vertical pipeline were carried out. Based on the analysis of the results of these experimental studies, it was found that among the results obtained there are dependencies with theoretical bases by which theoretical hydrogasodynamic methods for studying multiphase flow in a vertical pipeline can be developed. The article provides a theoretical hydrogasodynamic study using dependencies describing a two-phase flow in a vertical pipeline of a round section, and it is confirmed by existing experiments. As a result of the gas-hydrodynamic study of pumping wells, in order to confirm the rational use of formation gas energy, a positive effect due to an increase in oil production rate and well process parameters, a relationship was established between well Q production rate, bottom-hole pressure of well P and production of formation gas V. Parameters can be modeled using three-term polynomials. During operation of wells in three modes (Qi, Vi or ∆Pi,Vi, where i = 1,2,3), processing of data obtained as a result of studies, indicators determined by existing research methods were obtained, and the technological mode ensuring layer-bylayer cooperation of the well system was selected.
 It is known that the motion of a two-phase flow of gas-liquid mixtures in a vertical pipe string is described on the basis of energy balance theory. The hydrogasodynamic characteristics of the drainage zone can be obtained in a real oil and gas well, as an experimental installation in the form of

Agriculture export policy in India: 2010-2020-ies

The increase in exports of agricultural and food products from India to the world market gave an impetus to the author to study the measures of the country's agricultural export policy. The transition to an export-oriented development model announced at the end of the twentieth century led to the development of new approaches to foreign trade policy. Export promotion measures in the field of agriculture were prepared taking into account the peculiarities of agri-cultural production in India and were of a systematic nature. They included: political mecha-nisms, in particular the involvement of state governments; infrastructure and logistical support; economic stimulation of exports, including the creation of special export zones (agricultural clusters), attracting private investment in production and processing. Important attention was paid to the organization of the electronic National Agricultural Market (E-NAM), the digital platform of the Agri Exchange APEDA, the modernization of seaports intended for the export of agricultural goods. The result of the agrarian policy was two points – an increase in the growth rate of agricultural production and an increase in agricultural exports. The volume of exports of agricultural goods has more than tripled over the past decade and a half, and the export basket of these goods has significantly expanded. India has become the world's leading rice exporter, has become one of the world market leaders in exporting such non-traditional goods for the country as fish and aquaculture products, meat, milk and dairy products, and has also retained its traditional cotton and sugar markets.

Automated guided vehicles with a mounted serial manipulator: A systematic literature review

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) have become a vital part of the automation sector and a key component of a new industrial revolution that promises to: i. automate the entire manufacturing process, ii. increase productivity rates, iii. develop safer workplaces, while iv. maximising profits and reducing running costs for businesses. However, several concerns arise in the face of this very promising revolution. A major issue is how to ensure that AGVs function effectively and safely during interactions with humans. Another one concerns the ethical desirability of pervasive, continuous, and multidimensional couplings (or interactions) between humans and robots. Generally speaking, automated systems, in virtue of their vast sensing capabilities, may pose privacy challenges to their users. This is because such systems can seamlessly gather information about people' behaviors, without people's consent or awareness. To tackle the important issues abovementioned, we performed a systematic literature review [SLR] on AGVs with mounted serial manipulators. We used as an input 282 papers published in the relevant scientific literature. We analysed these papers and selected 50 papers based on certain criteria to find out trends, algorithms, performance metrics used, as well as potential ethical concerns raised by the deployment of AGVs in the industry. Our findings suggest that corporations can effectively rely on AGVs with mounted manipulators as an efficient and safe solution to production challenges.

Mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics differ between the left and right ventricles in murine and porcine hearts

Despite their differences in metabolism, mechanics, and developmental origin, the right ventricle (RV) is often assumed to function similarly to the left ventricle (LV). Specifically, though Ca 2+ transport into mitochondria is well established to play a crucial role in matching cardiac energy production to demand, little is known regarding whether mitochondrial Ca 2+ (mtCa 2+ ) handling is distinct in the RV and LV. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that the regulation of mtCa 2+ differs in the RV and LV. By isolating mitochondria from RV and LV free wall tissues from wild-type mice and healthy pigs, we compared several parameters indicative of Ca 2+ -regulated mitochondrial function. Basal mtCa 2+ levels were higher in RV mitochondria than in LV mitochondria. When successive boluses of Ca 2+ were administered to isolated mitochondria, RV mitochondria took up fewer Ca 2+ boluses, showing lower Ca 2+ retention capacity. RV mitochondria displayed relatively more protein carbonylation, suggesting oxidative stress. Interestingly, ATP production rate was higher in RV mitochondria relative to LV mitochondria; however, only LV mitochondria exhibited an increase in ATP production rate in the presence of Ca 2+ . We also compared the protein expression of the subunits of the mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter complex (MCUC) and the mitochondrial Na+/Ca 2+ exchanger (NCLX) and found that levels of the MCUC subunit Essential MCU Regulator (EMRE) and NCLX were higher in the LV than the RV, potentially facilitating more dynamic Ca 2+ transport in and out of LV mitochondria. Collectively, these data suggest that mtCa 2+ is calibrated to higher but more static levels in the RV, whereas in the LV basal mtCa 2+ is lower to ensure dynamic range for physiological stimuli to increase mitochondrial bioenergetics, corresponding to the larger changes in workload experienced by the LV. This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (1K22HL137901 to Julia C. Liu) and by the Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology (to Jae Hwi Sung). This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.