Implementation Of Innovative Programs Research Articles

Navigating geographical disparities: access to obstetric hospitals in maternity care deserts and across the United States

BackgroundAccess to maternity care in the U.S. remains inequitable, impacting over two million women in maternity care “deserts." Living in these areas, exacerbated by hospital closures and workforce shortages, heightens the risks of pregnancy-related complications, particularly in rural regions. This study investigates travel distances and time to obstetric hospitals, emphasizing disparities faced by those in maternity care deserts and rural areas, while also exploring variances across races and ethnicities.MethodsThe research adopted a retrospective secondary data analysis, utilizing the American Hospital Association and Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Provider of Services Files to classify obstetric hospitals. The study population included census tract estimates of birthing individuals sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau's 2017-2021 American Community Survey. Using ArcGIS Pro Network Analyst, drive time and distance calculations to the nearest obstetric hospital were conducted. Furthermore, Hot Spot Analysis was employed to identify areas displaying significant spatial clusters of high and low travel distances.ResultsThe mean travel distance and time to the nearest obstetric facility was 8.3 miles and 14.1 minutes. The mean travel distance for maternity care deserts and rural counties was 28.1 and 17.3 miles, respectively. While birthing people living in rural maternity care deserts had the highest average travel distance overall (33.4 miles), those living in urban maternity care deserts also experienced inequities in travel distance (25.0 miles). States with hotspots indicating significantly higher travel distances included: Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska. Census tracts where the predominant race is American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) had the highest travel distance and time compared to those of all other predominant races/ethnicities.ConclusionsOur study revealed significant disparities in obstetric hospital access, especially affecting birthing individuals in maternity care deserts, rural counties, and communities predominantly composed of AIAN individuals, resulting in extended travel distances and times. To rectify these inequities, sustained investment in the obstetric workforce and implementation of innovative programs are imperative, specifically targeting improved access in maternity care deserts as a priority area within healthcare policy and practice.

Competency-based education of specialists at a medical university

The training of medical specialists needs systemic transformation. Educational organizations must create conditions for developing research competencies and innovative activities among future healthcare, as well as implement transversal formats for attracting and managing talented youth at all stages of professional development. To create a passport of educational program competencies and describe the results of educational activities, the "Competency Standard" database has been developed. The aim was to classify groups and categories of competencies, including the subject’s competencies (both educational and project), the competencies of activity development, and transversal competences applicable in any type of educational and project activities. Project-based training for students makes it possible to form following priority competencies in medicine and pharmacy: analytical, research, professional, communicative, digital, managerial and entrepreneurial. Project-based learning and new educational formats are used as an transversal technology in the implementation of innovative programs, the target audience of which is students with increased educational potential, claiming a portfolio of high-quality competencies.

Indonesia’s Innovation Policies: Evolution and Institutional Structure

<p class="16" align="justify"><span>Along with world developments that encourage every country to innovate, Indonesia also has aspirations to increase domestic innovation. The success of several other countries in increasing economic growth through innovation is the driving force. Indonesia also has the same desire to pay attention to innovation and science, and technology. Along the way, there have been developments in innovation policies in Indonesia in terms of institutional structure and implementation of innovative programs. This paper tries to identify how the innovation policy has developed through quantitative analysis of innovation, science and technology regulations starting in 2004. This paper has divided the regulations into four eras according to the era of the elected President from 2004 to 2024. A multi-dimensional quantitative methodology is carried out to examine Indonesia's innovation policies</span><span>.</span><span> The policy search is carried out by searching for regulations in two Indonesian regulatory databases. From the analysis results, it is found that Indonesia has driven S&T and innovation policies, including policies that support innovation funding and has </span><span>made several changes to the formation of innovation organizations to produce better coordination between researchers who create innovative products and industries as users.</span></p>

Implementasi Ketahanan Kesehatan Nasional: Studi Kasus Pelaksanaan Program Inovasi Bidang Kesehatan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta

The purpose of this study is to thoroughly review and analyze the development and implementation of innovation programs in the Provincial Health Office. This study uses a qualitative method with depth interview and secondary data review. This study has shown that innovation has been a necessity that has been conducted routinely in the health Office. The innovation performance indicators have been achieved and become one of the supporting factors for innovation, aside from public demands. The Health Office’s policies to promote innovation need further evaluation and improvement, hence able to strengthen the health system and achieve national health resilience.

ИННОВАЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ И ВЛИЯНИЕ НА НЕГО ГОСУДАРСТВА

Russia has accumulated a huge amount of knowledge for the development of scientific, technical and economic processes. At the beginning of the development of scientific potential, it affected only certain areas with a clear specialization and focus. With the development of new knowledge began to penetrate into all spheres of society. All this contributed to the solution of many tasks, the use of various techniques in practice and the exchange of a large flow of information. Against the background of the formation of contradictions (the lack of the possibility for one person to know a huge amount of knowledge, while humanity initiates the replenishment of this knowledge at a tremendous speed), there is a need to coordinate the orientation of new knowledge in order to accelerate their implementation in the form of projects, which contributes to increasing the effectiveness of interaction between science and practice. Implementation of innovative developments, mobilization of capital investments, creation of a regulatory mechanism and conditions for the development of innovative activities are the main tasks of the state in innovative development. The impact of the state on the innovation process is carried out through support at all levels of government through the implementation of innovative programs, training of human resources for innovation.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ РЕАЛЬНЫХ ОПЦИОНОВ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТА ДЛЯ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

The purpose of the article is to develop recommendations to stimulate investment in the innovative development of enterprises. The article uses general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge: systemic, investment and dynamic analysis. The peculiarities and advantages of using the built-in real options are analyzed, as well as a form of strategic partnership with their use in the implementation of innovative programs and projects of enterprises is proposed. A system of economic mechanisms of strategic management of innovative programs and projects of enterprises has been proposed. It was concluded that the use of the mechanism of builtin real options in the implementation of the investment portfolio, which includes traditional and innovative projects, allows to reduce the risk of investments, limit the capital intensity of investments for enterprises and make it fundamentally possible to invest in high-risk innovative programs and projects.

Cooperation and Interaction between Village and Sub-District Government in Administration Services Innovation: An Evidence in Lampung Province Indonesia

This study briefly analyzes the interaction process between village and sub-district government actors in the management of population administration service innovation. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach. The data were obtained through primary data and secondary data. Qualitative data analysis begins with collecting data through interviews and studying relevant various documents which related to the object of research, then reporting the results of the research. The results showed that there was an imbalance in the process and interaction between actors, the village government and the Village Consultative Body. The head of a village at the end of his term is not required to provide a report so that the evaluation function of the performance assessment does not run optimally. However, the governance of public service innovation in several villages in South Lampung has involved universities through various collaborations such as the implementation of community Service and research activities. The findings also reveal that research and partnership activities optimize improving the service administration system. Furthermore, the actors have played a role in carrying out the socialization of the implementation of innovation programs to accelerate the realization of independent villages

МІСЦЕ КУРСУ «СУЧАСНІ ОСВІТНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ» В СИСТЕМІ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ДОКТОРІВ ФІЛОСОФІЇ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО ПРОФІЛЮ

The article substantiates the importance of proper organization of professional and pedagogical training of candidates for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (in particular, economic profile) as future scientific and pedagogical workers of high qualification; it is also determined the role and place of the course “Modern educational technologies” in the system of professional training of doctors of philosophy of economic profile. In order to understand the peculiarities of scientific and pedagogical activities in the educational program of PhD students it should be normatively provided educational components aimed at providing theoretical and practical training of future scientific and pedagogical workers (by the way, as required by the National Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education). Analysis of postgraduate curricula suggests that in most of the analyzed institutions, educational programs for doctors of philosophy contain educational components of both theoretical and practical orientation, which is also confirmed by the availability of educational and methodological literature aimed at organizing pedagogical training of future teachers. In general, an integral part of the training of future doctors of philosophy in higher education is the formation of their professional and pedagogical competence, as well as methodological culture, which involves the possession of methodological knowledge (theoretical, methodological, subject methodology, methodology of knowledge of the relevant field of science). Thus, the system of professional and pedagogical training of future teachers of economic disciplines should include the use of modern forms, methods and teaching aids, as well as the latest pedagogical technologies, differentiation and individualization of professional training of future doctors of philosophy, implementation of innovative programs into pedagogical training of potential teachers.

The characteristics of the general modern state of the light industry in Ukraine

The subject of the research is the theoretical and methodological foundations for determining the current state of the industrial sector of Ukraine, namely, light industry enterprises. The aim of the researchis to study the main indicators of the state of the industrial sector of Ukraine for 2015-first half of 2020. Research methods. When writing the article, general scientific and special methods of studying economic phenomena and processes were used to determine the general current state of the Ukrainian industry. Results of the investigation. In the course of writing the article, it was found that a common problem that for a long time hinders the development of the light industry in Ukraine is a rather old and backward production technology and, as a result, low product quality. The key directions for overcoming this technological backwardness should be the introduction of innovative forms and methods of production, the use of advanced technologies, the development and implementation of innovative programs to support the light industry in general, both at the national and international levels. It should also emphasize the role and necessity of state support, from which everyone benefits, that is, industrial enterprises will be provided with the necessary high-quality resources and technologies, and new jobs, social guarantees for the population will appear in the country, the investment attractiveness of light industry enterprises will improve, and accordingly, it will increase. stakeholder interest in them. Scope of the results. Economy, industrial economics, light industry, enterprise management, enterprise innovative activity, enterprise innovative potential. Conclusions. It has been established that since there are positive aspects in the context of the development of light industry, it can be attributed to one of the most promising industries in Ukraine. It has been proven, according to various experts, that the Ukrainian clothing and footwear market is one of the twenty most developed markets in Ukraine, since our population spends about 25-35% of their monthly income on footwear and clothing, which is higher than in Western Europe. It was determined that the light industry has rather optimistic forecasts for further growth, however, in order to maintain such positions, this industry must continue to move towards increasing government support for the industry by ensuring the formation and placement of government orders and government contracts; development of target programs for the prospective development of new types of raw materials, balanced development of sub-sectors; expansion of our own base of raw materials and resources; improving the mechanism for restoring cooperative ties; formation of their own innovative potential and increase in investment attractiveness through the use of modern methods and forms of scientific and technological progress, the latest technologies.

ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH AND PHYSICAL PREPAREDNESS OF STUDNTS OF THE FACULTY OF DOCTORS TRAINING FOR THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE

In recent years, there has been a steady trend of deteriorating health and fitness of student youth. The purpose of the article is to assess the level of health of students in the Faculty of Physician Training for the Armed Forces of Ukraine is one of the basic factors for improving training. The article uses such research methods as the analysis of medical records of 68 students of the Faculty of Physical Training for the Armed Forces of Ukraine and conducted a survey on the developed questionnaire, one of the items of which is the question of self-assessment of health. The results of the research determined anthropometric indicators and found that the state of health, physical activity, forms of rest of students can not be considered satisfactory. This is partly due to hypodynamics, which increases during training. It is shown that only one-fifth of students have the optimal level of physical activity for their age. It was found that 20% of students consider their health «excellent», 46% − «good», 29% − «satisfactory» and 5% − «unsatisfactory». Some students have chronic diseases, often turn to doctors for various diseases, not all students recover on weekends, and sports are the last among all forms of recreation. For 69% of students, physical education classes are the main activities, and perhaps the only, means of improving health and improving physical condition, and 70% of respondents seek to independently choose educational material at physical education classes. The prospects for the further esearch provides for the development and implementation of innovative programmes on physical education, which are the necessary preconditions fir the motivation of students to perform physical exercesises with the aim to improve the educating of priorities of a healthy lifestyle, improving health and fitness.

The regional experience of implementation of program of prevention of abortions with non-medical indications

The unfavorable demographic situation in the Russian Federation determines need of developing medical, organizational and social technologies for preventing abortions because of non-medical reasons. The purpose of the study was to analyze consensus opinion of physicians about reasons women refusing to continue pregnancy, to establish directions of preventing abortions and to evaluate efficiency of the Municipal Competition "Life is sacred gift", the initiative of the All-Russian Program "Sanctity of Motherhood". The study applied such sociological technique as questionnaire survey of 20 obstetricians gynecologists about causes of miscarriage and main directions of prevention of abortion. The analysis was implemented of dynamics of rate of abortions during last 5 years before the introduction of innovative program of prevention of abortion with participation of physicians, psychologists, representatives of public and religious organizations in the form of the competition "Life is sacred gift" (2006-2010) and in program implementation (2012 -2016 GG.) Also were applied the concordance technique, the Fisher's angular transform and rank correlation. The consistency of opinions of physicians about place of lacking of knowledge about risks of abortion and reproductive health in woman decision making about abortion (W = 0.32; χ² = 44.8; p<0.001), about motivation of preserving pregnancy as the main focus on non-medical abortion prevention (W = 0.33; χ² = 33.3; p<0.001). The implementation of innovation program permitted to increase percentage of women who refused abortion from 3.3% to 17.5% (p<0.01), to reduce number of non-medical abortions from 37.9 to 16.9 per 100 births, and from 17,5 to 10.5 per 1000 women of fertile age (p<0.01). The implementation of innovative program increases effectiveness of standard interventions to prevent abortions.

Individualization of Training Using the Resources of International Digital Platforms

The article is devoted to the definition of psychological and pedagogical conditions and design methods of formation of a creatively thinking specialist using international digital platforms. The following universal abilities making up a specialist's competitiveness are defined: creativity, digital literacy, and psychological stability. The importance of tolerance for international innovation is shown. The state and directions of development of education digitalization are analyzed. Psychological and pedagogical conditions are revealed, and provisions of the concept of training individualization are defined. A set of measures are considered to facilitate the passage of students personal educational trajectory. The experience of organizing individual creative development in the digital space of the Union state is described. The introduction of the developed theoretical and methodological conceptual provisions of training individualization will provide conditions for improving the quality of vocational education and training for the implementation of innovative programs in the framework of international cooperation.

Fidelity of Intervention of English/Language Arts Elementary Curriculum for Gifted Students

Recent research has shown that implementation of innovative programs at the classroom level continues to be a major challenge. The purpose of this study was to examine the types of modifications made during implementation of two curriculum units in two different setting types (i.e., self-contained, pull-out) to identify areas that should be considered when developing curriculum for gifted learners served through various service delivery models. Following two cohorts of third-grade teachers implementing two language arts units, results indicate that teachers made choices to modify the curricula in detrimental ways more often than in productive ways, with pull-out classroom teachers making more negative modifications. Findings of the study suggest that modifying curriculum appears to be inevitable. To utilize research-based curriculum in educational settings, teachers should be provided knowledge about how to modify the curriculum for their setting to not detract from the intended learning goals, as well as understand the essential curricular components that should not be modified.

New Economic Geography as the Theoretical Platform of Region Innovative Development

The article shows the evolution of the policy of innovative development of the regional economy in recent decades. Particular attention is paid to industrial and technological component of the theory of New economic geography and justification of the growing role of institutional factors in the innovative development of the regions. Based on the analysis of the main ideas of the theory of Nobel laureate Paul Krugman, the author identifies the base institutional factors of competitiveness policy of the regional economy in the 21st century. The directions of this policy in the technology developed countries are: support of cooperation system of all levels and subsystems of national innovative system; strengthening of institutes of innovative economy, including support of the competition and improvement of intellectual property protection system, partnership of the government, the regional authorities and a business sector in implementation of innovative programs and projects. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s5p19

Implementing an innovative public sector program

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to understand factors governing the implementation of an innovative public sector program. Design/methodology/approach – A longitudinal case study is used to document change and tension in the implementation process. Findings – The study suggests that because of the embedded character of public sector innovation, it is likely that, as they are implemented, many innovations run up against restrictions and limitations, precisely because they challenge many systems and processes in the host agency. These conflicts, unless specifically addressed, may cause the original innovation to lose its fundamental character. Research limitations/implications – The case suggests that innovative programs may differ from other types of public sector innovation, such as specific service-delivery initiatives with novel characteristics. Programmatic innovations will be required to produce results according to standard models of managerial accountability which may be difficult to reconcile with innovation. Practical implications – The study draws attention to the need for flexible support systems, such as HR, Finance and IT in the implementation of innovation in the public sector; where a classic “intrapreneur” is involved, leadership teams with complementary styles may also be significant. Originality/value – The study demonstrates the nature of the trade-offs that are involved in the implementation of innovative programs and highlights the implications of the challenging, if not subversive, nature of many types of innovation

Ryan White CARE Act Title II Survey: Services for HIV-Positive Substance Users

A national survey was conducted among Ryan White CARE Act-funded providers to determine what types of services are specifically provided for HIV-positive substance users through Title II within the context of the overall delivery system for substance abuse treatment services. There was an 87% return rate on questionnaires representing 47 states. Only 18 of the 47 states reported funding some form of substance abuse services. The results show (1) the types of substance abuse services funded under Title II, (2) what special populations are served by those programs, (3) additional funding sources utilized by those programs, (4) the common systemic barriers to care, (5) the greatest programmatic barriers to care, and (6) gaps in knowledge about unmet needs for HIV-positive substance users. Some states have been quite innovative in targeting resources to support HIV-positive substance users while others report less activity. Although design and implementation of innovative programs for HIVpositive substance users rests with service providers, state agencies responsible for Title II planning are in the best position to identify system strengths and weaknesses.

Process Approaches to Development: Theory and Sri Lankan Practice

Calls for “process projects” in the 1980s led to the development of a body of knowledge about process approaches and the implementation of innovative programs and projects. During the 1990s the focus has moved on to the narrower subject of beneficiary participation and much potential learning about how to promote development is being lost. This paper reviews the notion of process approaches and produces a conceptual framework that synthesizes these ideas. It then uses this framework to analyze 12 years of experience of a NORAD-financed IRDP in Sri Lanka. The findings point to the continued relevance of deepening the theory and practice of process approaches in development.

Assessment of Risk for HIV-1 Infection for Missionaries in Sub-Saharan Africa

North American mission boards (N = 82) with programs in sub-Saharan Africa were surveyed to identify practices affecting risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection among international staff. Thirty-four percent of participating boards thought risk for HIV-1 infection in missionaries in Africa was greater than it was for the general US population, and 53% considered it greater for overseas medical staff serving in the region than for domestic health care workers. Nevertheless, only 24% of boards had formal AIDS education programs for overseas health care workers, and 19% for nonmedical personnel going abroad. Medical care provision and acquisition were considered high-risk activities; 42% of boards with a known policy acknowledged that disposable injection equipment was routinely reused, 68% indicated that immunizations were provided abroad, and 60% admitted that inoculations were administered by indigenous health care workers. The most frequently cited specific suggestion for decreasing the risk of HIV-1 infection overseas was the implementation of a walking blood bank program. We conclude that current practices and logistic constraints make HIV-1 transmission possible. Risk reduction strategies include more comprehensive health education programs, greater adherence to universal precautions, less dependence on the indigenous Third World health care system, and implementation of innovative programs for health care delivery.

Analysis of the Design, Implementation, and Effects of a Data-Based Staff Development Program

This article describes the design and effects of a data-based approach to training school staff in the implementation of innovative programs. In addition to illustrating the use of this particular approach, the article summarizes the findings from a study of the efficacy of the Data-Based Staff Development Program. This program is designed specifically to help school personnel improve their knowledge and skills in providing learning experiences that are adaptive to student differences, particularly in the context of the effective mainstreaming of exceptional students in regular classrooms. Data from the study are reported as preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of the data-based approach to staff development, and future lines of work in this area are suggested.