Implementation Of Hygiene Research Articles

Assessment of safety risks associated with pork meat sold on the market in Abidjan city (Côte d'Ivoire) using surveys and microbial testing

Pork meat is consumed in several forms base on the mode of cooking in Côte d'Ivoire. It is most often braised, grilled or cooked in soup. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of pork meat consumption in the diet of the Ivorian population. It also tried to assess the risks that consumers of this meat may incur in order to provide solutions through the implementation of good hygiene and manufacturing practices at the sites where this meat is sold.Thus, a consumption survey was conducted in the municipalities of Adjamé, Abobo and Yopougon. The enumeration of germs such as mesophilic aerobic germs, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and coliforms was carried out too. It appeared that out of the three hundred (300) interviewees were all familiar with pork meat and 99% consumed it. The majority of consumers was masculine and 98% had Ivorian nationality. Among consumers, 52% had had at least one discomfort after eating pork. Symptoms of these ailments were vomiting, diarrhea and stomach aches. In addition, microbiological analyses of commercial forms of pork meat have revealed pathogenic germs such as Staphylococcusaureus, coliforms and mesophilic aerobic germs. Loads of mesophilic aerobic germs, Staphylococcus aureus and fecal coliforms ranged respectively from (1.2 ± 0.07)1010 to (1.3 ± 0.6)1011 CFU/g; from (2 ± 0.7)105 to (3.1 ± 0.7)106 CFU/g and from (1.1 ± 0.6)104 to (1.7 ± 0.91)105 CFU/g.All samples contained microbial loads above the European Community (EC) Standards No 2073/2005 for ready-to-eat pork meat. Pork meat then poses a health risk to consumers.

Industrial safety and health actions for business growth in a metalworking industry

Objectives. Improve the working conditions and productivity index through the implementation of Industrial Safety and Hygiene and Plant Distribution actions in a pressure foundry company. Methodology. 1. Analysis of the manufacturing process of aluminum and zamak parts. 2. To identify the risk elements those do not allow to work in a safe and a right way. 3. To assign safety equipment according to the risks of the area and the integration of a Joint Commission on Safety and Industrial Hygiene. 4. To identify the containers for waste management in the different phases of the process. 5. To re-distribute the lay out to improve ventilation and lighting of the areas. 6. To analyze the results, considering the impact on the improvement of the company's productivity. Contribution. Ensure the safety of its employees, achieve a better work environment, comply with established regulations and improve productivity in the company.

The determinant factor of nurse's hand hygiene adherence in Indonesia

The general objective of this research is to describe the determinant factors of hand hygiene adherence in the inpatient ward settings. This research has been done with quantitative method with cross-sectional approach. Research data were obtained from the questionnaire and observation forms of hand hygiene adherence. Respondents are nurses from 10 public regional hospitals in DKI Jakarta. The sample size for questionnaire was 457 nurses with incidental sampling and the total of observation was 2437 opportunities in terms of hand hygiene implementation. The analysis result of nurse's hand hygiene adherence with a questionnaire instrument is 51.2% while the nurse's hand hygiene adherence with observation instrument is 20.4%. The dominant factors in doing hand hygiene are the nurse's gender, the nurse's attitude, and the head of ward's support (R2=0.123). The observation of hand hygiene stated that the dominant determinant were age and nurse education (R2=0.046). Education, age, gender and nurse attitude were internal significant determent and the most external determinant was the head of ward's support. Other studies are related to other causes of hand hygiene compliance need to be investigated to find the biggest causes of noncompliance. Thus, appropriate interventions can be established to improve nurses' compliance with hand hygiene.

Technology for the prevention of antimicrobial resistance and healthcare-associated infections; 2017 Geneva IPC-Think Tank (Part 2)

BackgroundThe high burden of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is partially due to excessive antimicrobial use both in human and animal medicine worldwide. How can technology help to overcome challenges in infection prevention and control (IPC) and to prevent HAI and emerging AMR?MethodsIn June 2017, 42 international experts convened in Geneva, Switzerland to discuss four potential domains of technology in IPC and AMR: 1) role and potential contribution of microbiome research; 2) whole genome sequencing; 3) effectiveness and benefit of antimicrobial environmental surfaces; and 4) future research in hand hygiene.ResultsResearch on the microbiome could expand understanding of antimicrobial use and also the role of probiotics or even faecal transplantation for therapeutic purposes. Whole genome sequencing will provide new insights in modes of transmission of infectious diseases. Although it is a powerful tool for public health epidemiology, some challenges with interpretation and costs still need to be addressed. The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of antimicrobially coated or treated environmental high-touch surfaces requires further research before they can be recommended for routine use. Hand hygiene implementation can be advanced, where technological enhancement of surveillance, technique and compliance are coupled with reminders for healthcare professionals.ConclusionsThe four domains of technological innovation contribute to the prevention of HAI and AMR at different levels. Microbiome research may offer innovative concepts for future prevention, whole genome sequencing could detect new modes of transmission and become an additional tool for effective public health epidemiology, antimicrobial surfaces might help to decrease the environment as source of transmission but continue to raise more questions than answers, and technological innovation may have a role in improving surveillance approaches and supporting best practice in hand hygiene.

Parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices about vocal hygiene for their children in Chengdu, a city from China.

This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of parents towards vocal hygiene for their children and explore the barriers against implementation of vocal hygiene in Chengdu, a city from mainland China.An online questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes, and practice was available for parents to complete between March 1 and March 31, 2017. The questionnaire included 5 sections, general demographics; knowledge; attitudes; practices and barriers; and expectation. Scores were calculated for each category of knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and were compared using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests between the parents with and without a history of voice disorders. The internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach alpha coefficient. The correlations between vocal hygiene knowledge, attitude, and practice were analyzed using Spearman correlation test.The questionnaire was completed by 1075 parents. There were certain misconceptions in vocal hygiene knowledge among parents, and the parents had higher level knowledge of positive factors than negative factors about vocal hygiene. Attitudes towards vocal hygiene were positive. Practices of vocal hygiene were poor. The most common barriers to implementation of vocal hygiene practices were related to lack of awareness and knowledge for this topic.The level of parental vocal hygiene knowledge, practice, and barriers suggest that carry out vocal hygiene programs extremely urgent for school-aged children and their parents.

Hygiene and Sanitation of Food Processing Center in Gudang 100 Warehouse at Tanjung Perak Sea Port of Surabaya 2018

Food Processing Premise is a place for processing food raw ingredients to become ready to consume food. In order to function optimally, the premises are needed to be controlled frequently particularly in the port area where many visitors and staffs are in needs of health protection during their activities in this area. For this purpose, the authority has been attempting to increase and maintain food and baverage quality in this area therefore it could avoid any public health menaces from food contamination and intoxication for the population. As basic health survey (RISKESDAS) in 2013 reported diseases contributed as public health threats such as diarrhea 3.5%, typhoid 2.2%, hepatitis 1.2% (Riskesdas, 2013). The study aims to analyse the hygiene and sanitation implementation of food processing center in Gudang 100 warehouse at Tanjung Perak Sea Port of Surabaya. This present study is an observational study with cross sectional design. The sample was obtained based on 2017 data and mapping of 60 food tenant premises. 5 places were observed during study period. The variables observed were including of location, building, sanitation facilities, dining room, food storage, ingredients, food, the process, serving, food stuff, and the employee. The variables were observed using the total score as enacted by Indonesian Ministry of Health regulation NO.1098/MENKES/SK/VII/2003 regarding of Hygiene and sanitation standards for food stalls and restaurant. The result of the study shows there are 2 food stalls (B and C) with score <700 while the other stalls (A, D and E) reach score >700. The conclusion of this study highlights the needs of adjusting the requirement of the hygiene and sanitation of food stalls and restaurant as well as provide regular trainings for food handlers.

Assessing Awareness, Attitude, and Practice of Food Safety Among the Population of Quetta, Pakistan

Foodborne diseases are increasing at an alarming rate in Pakistan. An increase in gastrointestinal disorder outbreaks has demanded implementation of hygiene and quality practices. Food can initiate epidemics and serves as a growth substrate for bacterial and other food poisoning agents. This study evaluates knowledge, attitudes, and practices among food handlers in maintaining food hygiene in Quetta city. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to highlight gaps in food safety knowledge among the population. Survey results reveal the need for consumer education regarding safe food handling practices. Respondents belonging to every sphere of life participated in this survey. Food safety knowledge, practices, and attitudes of food handlers indicate that food-handling problems are needed to be addressed. Our research showed that respondents were aware of hygienic practices before preparing and eating food. However, more than half of the respondents were unaware that <i>Salmonella typhi</i> is a foodborne pathogen. We found 74% of the male and 26% female food handlers were unaware of proper hygienic practices. More than 65% of respondents had poorly developed sewage system which floods during rainy seasons causing a rise in these diseases. Our survey revealed the need for consumer education regarding safe food handling practices from purchasing food to dealing with home. Unhygienic food preparation standards, unavailability of clean water as major factors of food poisoning in third world countries. Microbiologists should take the load to ensure proper knowledge about food pathogens. Continuous education and training can strengthen food handler’s knowledge in required areas.

Implementasi Nilai-Nilaiajaran Tri Kaya Parisuddha Pada Siswa Hindu Di SDN Balun 1 Lamongan Jawa Timur

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;SDN Balun 1 is a public elementary school (not SD Hindu) so students there have a homogeneous religion. Nevertheless Hinduism education still exists but is very minimal because indeed students who embrace Hinduism are also very few and Hindu Religious Education teachers also lack time to teach Hindu Religious Education as a whole. So that human behaviors that are contrary to the rules of religion seem to be caused by several factors. One of the anarchic movements in some areas, acts of drunkenness, brawls, use of alcohol and illegal drugs among the younger generation. In fostering human attitudes and behavior itself, there needs to be guidance through self-control both words, deeds and thoughts. The three teachings provide a guide so that humans in the movement of thoughts, words and deeds are always controlled and controlled for the sake of creating harmony in life. The theory used is cognitive learning theory, constructive learning theory and behavior change theory. This type of research is qualitative research, the type of data this research is qualitative data and data sources are primary data and secondary data. Data was collected with observation techniques, interview techniques, library techniques and documentation techniques. Furthermore, the data is analyzed by reducing data and drawing conclusions. Based on the data analysis, the results were obtained, among others, the pattern of learning Hinduism in B&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;alu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;n 1 Lamongan Elementary School is using the Sad Dharma method in its learning, the implementation of Tri Kaya Parisuddha teaching values carried out in the teaching and learning activities of Hinduism lessons, student discipline, habituation, implementation of environmental hygiene. So that the perceived benefits are changes in behavior perceived by students and the creation of religious harmony in schools and in the community.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

ANALISIS PENERAPAN TARIF PERDA NO 3 TAHUN 2011 ATAS RETRIBUSI PELAYANAN PERSAMPAHAN/KEBERSIHAN PADA MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN MALALAYANG DAN KECAMATAN SARIO KOTA MANADO

Retribution constituting regional levies on payment of services given by the government which one of it is general service levy which contains levy waste or hygiene. This study aims to (1) analyze implementation of tariff policy Levy Waste or Hygiene based on regional regulations Law Number (No.) 3 of 2011; (2) analyze tariff capability to covering operational costs of Levy Waste or Hygiene. The method used in this research is descriptive method. This study use the qualitative approach. The results shows, tariff policy Levy Waste or Hygiene implemented by Malalayang subdistrict and Sario subdistrict has been carried out in accordance with regional regulations Law Number (No.) 3 of 2011 and Levy Waste or Hygiene’ tariff incompetent yet of covering operational costs thoroughly. The Local Government should re-collect data to compulsory levy whose unreached yet as of be able to increasing revenue in additional to cover the operational costs.Keywords: Policy, Tariff, Regional Reglations, Levy Waste or Hygiene, Capability, Operational Costs

Pelaksanaan Keselamatan Pasien Melalui Lima Momen Cuci Tangan Sebagai Perlindungan Hak Pasien

Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) is one of the risks that threaten patient safety. HAIs causing harms to the patient's family and the hospital. Five Moments Hand Hygiene is one of the safeguards to against the risk of infection transmission. However, the compliance of hand washing in Indonesia is not maximal yet. This research is conduct to knowing the regulations of Five Moments Hand Hygiene implementation, obtaining an overview of its implementation and finding the support and inhibiting factors at St. Elisabeth Hospital. The research was conducted by using juridical-empirical approach. The object of this research is the nurse Five Moments Hand Hygiene behaviors at St. Elisabeth Hospital Inpatient Installation. The results shows the legal basis for the implementation of the Five Moments Hand Hygiene in Indonesia is Health Ministry’s Regulation No. 11/2017 on Patient Safety and Health Ministry’s Regulation No. 27/2017 on Guidelines for Infection Prevention and Control at Health Service Facilities. A hand washing compliance of healthcare workers in St. Elisabeth Hospital in 2017 reached 90%. The Director of the Hospital has fulfilled his obligations establishing the Hand Hygiene Guidelines. Supporting factors include availability of facilities and management support. The inhibiting factor is the nurse workload, poor understanding, and the demands of efficiency. Administrative sanctions may be provided for health workers who are not compliant with the SOP.

Protocolo de prevención y tratamiento de la diarrea del viajero

Diarrhoea is the most predictable travel-related condition and affects 30−70% of international travellers. Although most cases of this disease are mild and self-limiting, it can have a negative impact on the patient's usual activities. As a result, travellers (particularly those in developed countries) are prescribed antibiotics for self-treatment, should the need arise. The prophylactic use of antibiotics is a more controversial topic because of the risk of not only adverse effects but also of potentiating the selection of resistant microorganisms and of intestinal colonisation by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. However, other preventive measures have also been assessed, including the implementation of specific hygiene and dietary precautions and the use of other agents such as bismuth salicylate, prebiotics, probiotics and vaccines.

HYGIENE SANITASI DEPOT AIR MINUM

This study aims to investigate the implementation of sanitation hygiene in drinking water depot in Padang city. The results of this study is still 45.2% drinking water depot that has the implementation of sanitation hygiene is still not good. Most factors are still not good is the behavior of employees depot in conducting drinking water treatment. Recommendation is to supervise, provide counseling, and training for owners and employees of sanitation hygiene water depots.

Role of Hand Hygiene Ambassador and Implementation of Directly Observed Hand Hygiene Among Residents in Residential Care Homes for the Elderly in Hong Kong.

OBJECTIVEMultidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are increasingly reported in residential care homes for the elderly (RCHEs). We assessed whether implementation of directly observed hand hygiene (DOHH) by hand hygiene ambassadors can reduce environmental contamination with MDROs.METHODSFrom July to August 2017, a cluster-randomized controlled study was conducted at 10 RCHEs (5 intervention versus 5 nonintervention controls), where DOHH was performed at two-hourly intervals during daytime, before meals and medication rounds by a one trained nurse in each intervention RCHE. Environmental contamination by MRDOs, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter species (CRA), and extended-spectrum β-lactamse (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, was evaluated using specimens collected from communal areas at baseline, then twice weekly. The volume of alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) consumed per resident per week was measured.RESULTSThe overall environmental contamination of communal areas was culture-positive for MRSA in 33 of 100 specimens (33%), CRA in 26 of 100 specimens (26%), and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in 3 of 100 specimens (3%) in intervention and nonintervention RCHEs at baseline. Serial monitoring of environmental specimens revealed a significant reduction in MRSA (79 of 600 [13.2%] vs 197 of 600 [32.8%]; P<.001) and CRA (56 of 600 [9.3%] vs 94 of 600 [15.7%]; P=.001) contamination in the intervention arm compared with the nonintervention arm during the study period. The volume of ABHR consumed per resident per week was 3 times higher in the intervention arm compared with the baseline (59.3±12.9 mL vs 19.7±12.6 mL; P<.001) and was significantly higher than the nonintervention arm (59.3±12.9 mL vs 23.3±17.2 mL; P=.006).CONCLUSIONSThe direct observation of hand hygiene of residents could reduce environmental contamination by MDROs in RCHEs.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:571-577.

Consumer Responsibility for Food Safety

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nowadays, food safety and quality have a key role in maintaining the health of consumer, as the ultimate link in the food chain. Foodborne diseases can be a problem for every individual, but are particularly important to children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Although food hygiene experts widely accept many cases of foodborne disease occur as a result of improper food handling and preparation by consumers, the consumers themselves are still not aware of this fact. Correct personal hygiene measures are a well known step facilitating reductions in the risk of these diseases. However, actual implementation of personal hygiene and sanitation behaviors at home remains insufficient. The aim of many studies is to assess consumers’ knowledge of food security and to determine whether that knowledge is applied in practice. Such information can be of great help to professionals who deal with education of consumers about food safety, should help promote the principle among consumers that they themselves have a critical role in reducing the risk of foodborne disease.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Hubungan antara Pengetahuan dan Sikap Keluarga dengan Kemampuan dalam Pelaksanaan Oral Hygiene di Ruang Musdalifah RSI Siti Khadijah Palembang

Patients with consciousness disorder may experience physical mobility and swallowing food disorder through the mouth so it can be one cause of inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth. Oral hygiene in oral and dental health is very important. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, family attitudes, and ability in oral hygiene implementation at musdalifah room Siti Khadijah Islamic Hospital Palembang in 2017. This study used quantitative with the cross sectional design. The population of this study was all family of patients that treated at Musdalifah Room Siti Khadijah Islamic Hospital Palembang in 2017. The number of samples was 91 respondents. Analysis the data used by univariate and bivariate. The result is Most of them have good knowledge were 51 respondents (56.0%), most have positive attitude were 49 respondents (53.8%) and most have good oral hygiene implementation ability were 58 respondents (63,7%). Based on the analysis using chi-square test, there was a correlation between knowledge with ability in oral hygiene implementation (ρ = 0,027) and there was a relationship of attitude with ability in oral hygiene implementation (ρ = 0,016). Finally, it is expected that this study could be a reference to improve the quality of professionalism in providing services to critical patients to be able to improve the ability of oral hygiene implementation.

Implementation Local Government Law No. 15 Of 2011 On The Implementation Of Hygiene In Village Way Acai Riverbank Mhorock Abepura District Jayapura

Communications Policy Implementation Performance Against Regional Regulation No. 15 Year 2011 on the Implementation of Hygiene it can be concluded as follows: 1) .Variable of data on Communication Policy indicates that communications made in the implementation of Operation Cleanliness in river Acai Mhorock Wai village Abepura District Jayapura City is already effective, the information distribution process (Transmission of Information), Information Clarity and Consistency of Information Effectively work already. This fact is supported by the results of Recapitulation of data on communication policy with effective variable categories Obtain a frequency response of 10 (43%) of the 23 respondents who Gave responses. This means that communications made in the implementation the organization of cleanliness has been running. 2) Implementation Performance rule. Rule with Number 15 Year 2011 concerning Cleanliness in river Acai Wai Village Mhorock Abapura Jayapura city district on the Recapitulation say that variable implementation performance said to be high, this situation Proves of the Recapitulation of data on the variable performance with the acquisition Implementation frequency of 12 (52%) with a high response categories indicates that access, coverage and service delivery has been high in the implementation of the program for implementation of hygiene in river Acai Mhorock Wai village Abepura District Jayapura City. 3) .Relate between variables Communication Policy with variable Implementation performance PERDA Number 15 Year 2011 on the Implementation of Hygiene, starting from the results of research conducted it has been known that there is a significant correlation between the variables for Communication Policy (X) with variable performance PERDA No. 15 Implementation in 2011 on the organization of cleanliness in river Acai Mhorock Wai village Abepura District Jayapura City.

Determinants of success and sustainability of the WHO multimodal hand hygiene promotion campaign, Italy, 2007-2008 and 2014.

A national hand hygiene promotion campaign based on the World Health Organization (WHO) multimodal, Clean Care is Safer Care campaign was launched in Italy in 2007. One hundred seventy-five hospitals from 14 of 20 Italian regions participated. Data were collected using methods and tools provided by the WHO campaign, translated into Italian. Hand hygiene compliance, ward infrastructure, and healthcare workers’ knowledge and perception of healthcare-associated infections and hand hygiene were evaluated before and after campaign implementation. Compliance data from the 65 hospitals returning complete data for all implementation tools were analysed using a multilevel approach. Overall, hand hygiene compliance increased in the 65 hospitals from 40% to 63% (absolute increase: 23%, 95% confidence interval: 22–24%). A wide variation in hand hygiene compliance among wards was observed; inter-ward variability significantly decreased after campaign implementation and the level of perception was the only item associated with this. Long-term sustainability in 48 of these 65 hospitals was assessed in 2014 using the WHO Hand Hygiene Self-Assessment Framework tool. Of the 48 hospitals, 44 scored in the advanced/intermediate categories of hand hygiene implementation progress. The median hand hygiene compliance achieved at the end of the 2007–2008 campaign appeared to be sustained in 2014.

Assessment of the implementation of community-led total sanitation, hygiene, and associated factors in Diretiyara district, Eastern Ethiopia.

Based on the sustainable development goals, the United Nations plans to achieve equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and to end open defecation by 2030. In Ethiopia, 60% to 80% of health problems are due to communicable diseases attributable to unsafe water supply, unhygienic and unsanitary waste management, which are directly linked to the practice of open defecation. This study has aimed at assessing the implementation of community-led total sanitation and hygiene (CLTSH) and associated factors. A community-based cross-sectional study design involving 420 of the 7,225 households found in Diretiyara district was conducted in June 2014. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. Using Logistic Regressions, bivariate and multivariate analyses were computed. This study showed that 66% of the respondents have knowledge of CLTSH. Eighty-nine percent of the respondents have latrine, of which 78% were constructed after the introduction of CLTSH. Eleven percent of the respondents reported to have defected in the open field and 15% of them reported that they had been recently exposed to diarrhea diseases. The occurrence of diarrheal disease was significantly associated with the extent of latrine ownership [AOR = 2.48; 95% CI 1.00, 6.12]. Attitude and perception parameters were significantly associated with consistent latrine utilization. Respondents who agreed that "Open defecation is preferred due to the unpleasant smell and heat from the Latrine'' [COR = 0.58; 95% CI 0.34, 0.99] were 58% less likely to use the latrine consistently. In conclusion, CLTSH has increased the extent of latrine ownership and decreased practice of open defecation, and yet, intermittent latrine use and poor hygienic practice were reported. Although some fundamental misconceptions were reported, the majority of the respondents have accepted CLTSH approach as a means to ending open defecation in their village. Health extension workers and local authorities should give emphasis to achieving sustainable behavioral change on improved sanitation and good hygiene practices.

ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN GANGGUAN PERSONAL HYGIENE PADA LANSIA DENGAN PENINGKATAN KADAR ASAM URAT DI PANTI WERDHA MOJOPAHIT MOJOKERTO TAHUN 2016

Personal hygiene is a self-care that is done to maintain health. Personal hygiene is the first step in realizing health. Elderly people especially should be encouraged to carry out personal hygiene routinely. The purpose of this case study was applying the nursing care for poor personal hygiene in elderly with elevated uric acid levels. This case study used observation and interview methods that submitted to the client by using the geriatric nursing care format. Respondents of personal hygiene, namely the elderly aged 75-80 years as many as 2 respondents. From the results of the assessment on the client with poor personal hygiene characterized by client's dirty hair, unkempt, body odor, long and dirty nails, ears were not cleaned, dental caries and bad breath. On both clients obtained the same signs and symptoms so that the nursing problems that arose on both the clients was poor personal hygiene interventions and implementation were done by bathing the client, the client's hair combed, cut the nails, washed clients hair and examination of uric acid on both clients. Evaluations were obtained from both the clients the problem of nursing problem partially resolved and in accordance with the purpose and results criteria. Keywords: uric acid, personal hygiene, nursing care.

Evaluation of Poor Area Understanding Under Cigarettes in Lebak District

Regional Regulation of Lebak District No.17 of 2006 on the Implementation of Order, Hygiene and Beauty is a derivative form of Government Regulation No.109 Year 2012 About Security of Materials Containing Addictive Substance in the form of Tobacco Products for Health. One of the mandate in the regulation is the establishment of Non-Smoking Area (KTR) as an effort to protect the public against the health risks caused by the environment contaminated with tobacco smoke. Because health hazards caused by cigarettes not only affect the smokers but also passive smokers. WHO even mentioned that less than 6 million people died from smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the implementation of KTR policy in Lebak District. This research uses Triangulation mix methode, data collection is done with qualitative and quantitative approach. The results obtained only a small percentage of people who adhered to the KTR policy (28%), the community behaved positively for smoking (58%) and high knowledge of cigarette and KTR hazards (58%) and no relationship between behavior and knowledge (p value = 0.075). Implementation of the policy of No Smoking Area has not been effective because there is still a difference between implementation and guidance in the use of Excise Revenue Sharing Fund from the Ministry of Health. Local governments have not been responsive to KTR policy with the issuance of Local Regulations on Non-Cigarette Regions, the formation of supervisory teams and socialization of local regulations. Recommendations that can be submitted are the issuance of Regional Regulations on Non-Smoking Areas, and the perception agreement of the use of Tobacco Revenue Sharing Funds on policy makers