Abstract
Diarrhoea is the most predictable travel-related condition and affects 30−70% of international travellers. Although most cases of this disease are mild and self-limiting, it can have a negative impact on the patient's usual activities. As a result, travellers (particularly those in developed countries) are prescribed antibiotics for self-treatment, should the need arise. The prophylactic use of antibiotics is a more controversial topic because of the risk of not only adverse effects but also of potentiating the selection of resistant microorganisms and of intestinal colonisation by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. However, other preventive measures have also been assessed, including the implementation of specific hygiene and dietary precautions and the use of other agents such as bismuth salicylate, prebiotics, probiotics and vaccines.
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