Female Holotype Research Articles

Lutzomyia UmbratillS, A New Species of Sand Fly From Brazil (Diptera: Psychodidae)

A morphological comparison was made of sand flies captured in the Monte Dourado area of the river Jari, Pará, Brazil and the female holotype of Lutzomyia anduzei (Rozeboom, 1942) in the National Museum of Natural History, Washington. Sand flies similar to those identified and redescribed by Floch & Abonnenc (1944) and Almeida (1970) as L. anduzei differ morphologically from the type specimen and are described here as a new species, Lutzomyia umbratilis. The female of L. anduzei is redescribed and its morphology compared with that of L. umbratilis, n. sp. The epidemiological importance of L. umbratilis as a vector of Leishmania braziliensis guyanensis is discussed.

Notes on Indian species ofComperiella(Hymenoptera : Encyrtidae)

Abstract Three Indian species of the encyrtid genus Comperiella Howard (C. indicaAyyar, C. Lemniscata Compere and Annecke, C. Aspidiotiphaga Subba Rao) are considered in this paper, Holotype female of indica has been examined. It is suspected that the material bred from Aonidiella orientals (Newst.) and referred to bifasciata Howard and unifasciata Ishii belongs respectively to lemniscata and aspidiotiphaga. C. trifasciata Saraswat is considered out of place in Comperiella. A key to the known species of the genus in given.

Redescription of the Type Material of Haemaphysalis (Aboimisalis) cinnabarina (Revalidated) and Its Junior Synonym H. (A.) sanguinolenta Described by Koch in 1844 from Brazil (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae)

Since Koch briefly described Haemaphysalis cinnabarina from Brazil in 1844, this taxon has been used in various ways in hundreds of publications dealing with the Palearctic and Nearctic tick faunas but has gradually been abandoned, without definitive study, in favor of taxons later described from samples from Europe and North America. Study of the female holotype of H. cinnabarina, which is in excellent condition, indicates with reasonable certainty that H. cinnabarina is a valid taxon. The female holotype of H. sanguinolenta, also described by Koch from Brazil in 1844, represents the same species; the taxon sanguinolenta is a junior synonym of cinnabarina. H. cinnabarina is compared with other members of the subgenus Aboimisalis Santos Dias: punctata Canestrini and Fanzago of Europe and southwestern Asia, chordeilis (Packard) of USA and Canada, and cornupunctata Hoogstraal and Varma of the Himalayas. H. cinnabarina should be searched for in South America. The taxon Haemaphysalis cinnabarina Koch (1844, 1847) has been used in hundreds of publications for over a century, often alone or as H. punctata cinnabarina Koch, or as the prior taxon for H. chordeilis (Packard, 1869). Nuttall and Warburton (1915) reviewed this taxon, and like Neumann, D6nitz, and other earlier workers, whose literature they list, concluded that H. punctata Canestrini and Fanzago (1878) and H. chordeilis were junior synonyms of H. cinnabarina. They also concluded that H. sanguinolenta Koch (1844, 1847) is a junior synonym of H. cinnabarina. The source of both Koch taxons was Brazil. In the 1930's, some European and all Soviet workers abandoned cinnabarina in favor of punctata for the Palearctic fauna, apparently only because of the Neotropical origin of the former taxon. Following Hooker et al. (1912) and Cooley (1946), North American workers have considered chordeilis of USA and Canada as a valid taxon; they did not examine the Received for publication 5 January 1973. *From Research Project MF12.524.009-3010B, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, Washington, D. C. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the author and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Navy or of the naval service at large. The illustrations in this report were prepared under the auspices of Agreement 03-005-1 between NIAID (NIH) and NAMRU-3. type material of cinnabarina and apparently also based this decision on geographical grounds. Thus, for at least a quarter of a century the taxon cinnabarina quietly has been put aside without definitive study and knowledge of its precise characters. No workers dealing with the Neotropical fauna have reported additional specimens attributable to cinnabarina. However, the tick fauna of South America remains so poorly investigated that lack of later reports of cinnabarina, rather than suggesting the absence of this species, is expected. Fortunately, the holotypes of both Koch taxons are present in the Zoologisches Museum, Berlin, East Germany. The holotype of H. cinnabarina is in excellent condition except that legs IV lack the terminal segments and the external genital area, which was removed by some earlier worker, is unavailable for comparative study. Precise characters are easily discerned in this large, flat, unfed specimen. The holotype of H. sanguinolenta is a very large, greatly engorged specimen requiring much manual manipulation for examining critical characters such as setae and denticles. We illustrated (Figs. 1-16) and studied these holotypes a number of years ago and ever since, while examining numerous Haemaphysalis samples from around the world, we have been alert for specimens conforming to the characters of the two Koch holotypes. During

Notes on African Haemaphysalis Ticks. X. H. (Kaiseriana) aciculifer Warburton and H. (K.) rugosa Santos Dias, the African Representatives of the Spinigera Subgroup (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae)

Haemaphysalis (Kaiseriana) aciculifer Warburton and H. (K.) rugosa Santos Dias have been confused in much literature on African ticks. The adult and immature stages of aciculifer are redescribed. The male of rugosa is described and the female redescribed; rugosa was previously known only from the holotype female. Hosts of adults are chiefly antelopes, occasionally hares, buffalo, and carnivores, and also domestic cattle, sheep, and goats. Immature aciculifer parasitize hedgehogs, rodents, small carnivores, and (single record) birds. Ecological preference appears to be for relatively more humid wooded riparian and valley biotopes of the savanna belt. The distribution of aciculifer is from Cameroun eastward to Ethiopia and southward to Rhodesia (introduced into South Africa); of rugosa from Ghana and Senegal to Uganda and western and southern Sudan. These species, together with H. (K.) parmata Neumann, are the only representatives in the Ethiopian Faunal Region of tlhe subgenus Kaiseriana Santos Dias, 29 other members of which occur in the Oriental, Australian, and northeastern Palearctic Regions. Certain structural modifications representing a unique phylogenetic trend in the H. (K.) cornigera group of Asia and New Guinea are typical in aciculifer but remarkably reversed in rugosa. A key is provided to differentiate between species of the spinigera subgroup (aciculifer, rugosa, spinigera, novaeguineae) of the H. (K.) cornigera group. Recently we showed the close relationship between the Asian Haemaphysalis (Rhipistoma) canestrinii (Supino) and the medically important African H. (R.) leachi Audouin (Hoogstraal, 1971). The present study reveals a comparable relationship between H. (Kaiseriana) aciculifer Warburton (Figs. 1-35) and H. (K.) rugosa Santos Dias (Figs. 36-64) of tropical Africa, the medically important H. (K.) spinigera Neumann of the Indian Subregion, and H. (K.) novaeguineae Hirst of New Guinea. Among the 150 species now known in the genus Haemaphysalis, 20 (some unpublished) occur in the Ethiopian Faunal Region, where the only representatives of the subgenus Kaiseriana Santos Dias are H. (K.) aciculifer, H. (K.) rugosa, and H. (K.) parmata Neumann. The subgenus Kaiseriana contains Received for publication 9 May 1972. * From Research Project MF12.524.009-3010B, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Department of the Navy, Washington, D. C. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private ones of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Navy or of the naval service at large. This investigation was supported in part by Agreement 03-005-1 between the NIAID (NIH) and NAMRU-3. 29 other described species in the Oriental, Australian, and northeastern Palearctic Regions. Of the 20 Ethiopian Region haemaphysalids, 15 are in the subgenus Rhipistoma Koch, one (H. silacea Robinson) in the subgenus Haemaphysalis, one (H. hoodi Warburton and Nuttall) in an undescribed subgenus, and three in Kaiseriana. This study is part of an effort to contribute to knowledge of the historic and contemporary zoogeographic distribution of Haemaphysalis tick groups in different faunal regions and to an understanding of the influence of these phenomena on the presence and distribution of tickborne pathogens (Hoogstraal, 1966, 1967, 1972; Casals et al., 1970). H. (K.) rugosa, which was previously known only from the holotype specimen (Figs. 5664), is obviously closely related to H. (K.) aciculifer. However, aciculifer is structurally typical of the H. (K.) cornigera group but rugosa exhibits a reversal of the phylogenetic trend within this group toward exceptional broadening of the male palpal segment 3 and reduction of the posterodorsal spur. This broadening results in a great degree of sexual dimorphism in all species of the group except rugosa. Palpal segment 3 of rugosa is unique

A second specimen of Vampyressa brocki (Stenoderminae: Phyllostomatidae) from Guyana, South America, with further notes on the systematic affinities of the genus

A second specimen and the first known male of Vampyressa (Metavampyressa) brocki from Guyana, South America, is compared with the female holotype with respect to measurements and other anatomical details. The configurations of the palatal ridges of V. brocki and Vampyressa (Vampyriscus) bidens are illustrated for the first time. The systematic relations of the two species and their affinities with Mesophylla macconnelli are discussed.

The immature stages of Ixodes tatei Arthur (Ixodidae).

The original description of Ixodes tatei was given by Arthur (1959) and based on three females taken from a rock partridge of unknown species and from a fox (Vulpes sp. ?) in Jarmo, Chemchemal Valley, Kirkuk (type locality) and the Zagros Mountains, Erbil, both in north-eastern Iraq. The material, on which the following account is based, consisted of two females, one gorged nymph, one slightly fed nymph and two fully gorged larvae. They were collected from the head of Alectoris graeca, which was shot about 20 km south of Jerusalem on 17 December 1966 and sent to me by Professor O. Theodor of the Hebrew University. One female, one nymph and one larva have been deposited in the Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, and one female, one nymph and one larva are retained in my collection. The holotype female is deposited in the Chicago Natural History Museum, Cat. no. 84472.

A New Species of Endalus Laporte in the Limatulus-setosus Group, with Notes on Endalus Celatus Burke (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

A new species of the limatulus setosus group, Endalus pumilis, is described for Texas. The female of Endalus celatus Burke, a species previously known only from a male, is described. The following weevils of interest have accumulated since my review (Burke, 1961) of the limatulus-setosus group of the genus Endalus. The new species described herein increases to eight the number of North American members of the group. Endalus pumilis, n. sp. (Figs. 3, 6)--Holotype female: Body length, 1.85 mm. Rostrum-length, 0.41 mm. Prothorax-length, 0.44 mm.; width 0.59 mm. Elytra-length, 1.30 mm.; width, 0.77 mm. Elongate-oval; integument of body piceous except for dark reddish lateral margins of elytra; scape of antenna, bases of pro and meso- femora, tarsi, and apex of rostrum rufescent. Body above densely clothed with agglutinated scales which are mottled brown and dirty gray with a brassy tint; scales on underside with well defined margins, mostly gray. Rostrum just slightly shorter than prothorax, evenly curved, be- coming gradually broader toward apex as viewed from above; ru- gosely punctate beneath scales from base to point of antennal attach- ments, thence bare, shining, finely and remotely punctate to apex; upper and lower margins of suprascrobal groove well defined, groove filled with gray scales; scrobes deep, descending to underside of ros- trum well before eyes. Antennae attached slightly in front of middle of rostrum; scape straight, strongly clavate on apical half; funicular segments covered with broad gray scales, segment 1 stout and slightly broader than apex of scape, as long as next three segments combined, segment 2 as long as 3 + 4, segments 3, 4, and 5 equal in size, segment 6 slightly broader with a whorl of semierect dark setae; club broadly oval, as long as preceding 5 funicular segments combined. Eyes oval,

Synonymy and variation of some species of the ant genus Anochetus.

tapered distally, unbarbed. Dimensions (in mm): preocular width, 0.26-0.30; temple width, 0.37-0.39; head length, 0.29-0.33; prothorax width, 0.29-0.31; metathorax width, 0.40-0.43; total length, 1.75-1.77; genitalia length, 0.67-0.70. Both sexes of C. emersoni are readily separable from all other known owl Colpocephalum by the head shape, the long outer occipital setae, the larger number of marginal pronotal setae, and the presence of an terior tergal setae on abdominal segments I-VIII. Additionally, the anal chaetotaxy of the female and the genitalia of the male are most distinctive. Material examined: 8 females, 3 males from P. badius, Subang, Malaya, 17 August 1962, H. E. McClure. Holotype female, alio type male at the United States National Museum; 4 female, 1 male para types in the collection of Dr. K. C. Emerson; 2 female, 1 male para types at the University of Minnesota; 1 female paratype at the British Museum (Natural History). LITERATURE CITED

A New Ectoparasitic Laelaptid Mite from Africa

Laelaps nigeriensis sp. n. from Nigeria is described. Type material was taken from Crocidura sp. and from Mus (Leggada) musculoides at Adu, Nigeria. The species is distinctive in lacking spurlike setae on coxae I, and in that the inner members of the paired hypostomal setae extend posteriorly to level of insertion of gnathosomal setae. The species description given in this paper is based upon specimens collected by the late Dr. A. S. Pearse in Nigeria in 1926. These specimens, and others taken from rodents and insectivores by Dr. Pearse, were forwarded to the United States National Museum and later referred to the writer for study. Subfamily Laelaptinae Berlese, 1892 Laelaps Koch, 1839 Laelaps nigeriensis sp. n. (figs. 1, 2) Female: Terminal setae of dorsal shield over twice as long as subterminal setae. Presternal area not clearly distinct from sternal shield. Anterior sternal shield shortest; anterior pores parallel with anterior margin of shield, but posterior pores set at an angle; length-width ratio of shield about 3:4. Endopodal setae at least as long as posterior sternal setae. Genitoventral shield slightly expanded posterior to coxae IV; its posterior margin very slightly rounded between posterior genitoventral setae; anterior genitoventral setae largest and slightly farther apart than anterior sternal setae; posterior genitoventral setae slightly farther apart than those of anterior pair. Anterior margin of anal shield slightly concave; anus slightly closer to anterior margin of shield than to postanal seta; paired anal setae at level of posterior end of anus; length-width ratio of shield 1:1; cribrum very narrow. Metapodal shields irregular ovals. Nine or ten pairs of ventral setae; peritreme extends to level of coxa I. Chelae not distinct; it cannot be determined whether the pilus is inflated; inner paired hypostomal setae at least four times as long as outer setae and extending posteriorly to level of point of insertion of gnathosomal setae. Lengthwidth ratio of tarsus I 2.5:1; femora I and II with elongate dorsal setae, which are smaller than most setae on dorsal shield; coxae I and IV without spurlike setae; coxae II and III each with one Received for publication 26 September 1961. * Lt. Colonel Keegan is assigned to the Entomology Branch, Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical Field Service School, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. spurlike seta. Idiosoma of holotype female 538 ,u in length and 370 tu in width; idiosoma of a paratype female, on same slide with holotype, 577 ,L long and 337 A wide. This specimen is less flattened than the holotype and is probably more representative of the normal size of the species. Male: Unknown. Type material: Holotype and paratype female, on same slide, taken from Crocidura sp. at Adu, Nigeria, 15 September 1926, by A. S. Pearse. One additional paratype, taken from Mus (Leggada) musculoides at Adu, Nigeria, by A. S. Pearse on 28 September 1926. Type material in United States National Museum. Discussion: Absence of spurlike setae on coxae I places Laelaps nigeriensis in a category with L. simillimus Zumpt, 1950; L. transvaalensis Zumpt, 1950; L. grenieri Taufflieb, 1954; L. keegani Thurman, 1958; and L. congoicola Taufflieb, 1959. Only in nigeriensis does the inner member of the paired hypostomal setae extend posteriorly to the level of insertion of the gnathostomal setae. The drawings were prepared by Mr. Saburo Shibata, Taxonomic Section, Department of Entomology, 406th Medical General Laboratory. Slide preparations of types were made by Miss Yoshiko Yoshida of the same laboratory.

Notes on ticks. II. A new species of the genus Amblyomma and a new species of the genus Ixodes (Acari: Ixodidae)

A new tick, Amblyomma parkeri, n. sp., is described as a parasite of Coendu sp. from S. Paulo, Brazil. Female holotype, nymph and larva are described (Figs. 2 e 3). The n. sp. differs completly from Koch's species Amblyomma longirostre, the common parasite of the Erethizotidae. Standard data for measures of the female dorsal scutum ixodidae are proposed as follows (fig. 1): PA = Antero-posterior; PB = Postero-basal; PM = Postero-median; TT = Transversal; OO = Inter-ocular; OT= Occulo-transversal; SS = Inter-scapular; CC = Cervical; PT = Postero-transversal; ST = Scapulo-transversal; NPT = Normal to the postero-transversal; NST = Normal to the scapulo-transversal. In the female holotype the standard data are as follows: PA = 2.00 mm; PB = 2.26 mm; PM = 1.10 mm; TT = 2.20 mm; OO = 2.26 mm; SS = 0,84 mm; CC = 0.63 mm; SC = 0.12 mm; NPT = 0.20mm; STN = 0.1 mm. Peritrema 0.80 x 0.42 mm with a narrow postero-internal angle and a large, elongated macula. Coxa I with two short spines and all other coxae with only one shorter spine, shortest in coxa IV. Hypostoma spatulated with formula 3/3. Gnathosoma 1.42 mm long and basis 0.63 mm long by 0.84 greatest wide. Palpi with smoth external surface, 1.00 mm long. Type lot No. 4458 from Cotia, S. Paulo, Brazil; in the acarological collection of the Escola Paulista de Medicina, S. Paulo. Ixodes didelphidis, n. sp., differing from Ixodes loricatus Neumann by the shape of the peritremata (figs. 4 a 5) of the male and female and by the number of the punctations in this organ is described form Didelphidae, Muridae and Cavidae. Twenty eight lots were obtained from Anapolis, Goias, Brasil, where I. loricatus is subtituded by the n. sp. under description. Comparison with NEUMANN'S types of I. loricatus was possible through the courtesy of Prof. A. BRIZARD from Toulouse, who kindly loaned NEUMANN'S material. Female cotypes N° 40 and male allotype N° 531 in the Collection of Ixodidae of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute.

A NEW TAENIOTHRIPS ON GLADIOLUS

Female holotype: Color: head and prothorax dark brown, pterothorax dark brown with some red hypodermal pigmentation, abdomen uniformly brolwn. Antennal segments uniformly dark brown with the exception of the third which is yellowish brown. Legs concolorous with body except the tarsi and distal ends of fore tibiae which are light yellowish brown. Fore wings brown, light in basal third. Ocelli with orange red crescents. Body spines dark brown.