High-tech Zone Research Articles

Концептуальные основы формирования и развития высокотехнологичных зон производства отдельных видов сельскохозяйственной продукции

For Russia in recent years, the distribution of productive forces, the specialization of production and its concentration do not fully correspond to the conditions for the formation and development of specialized zones with high technologies for the production of agricultural products. However, under the influence of primarily internal and external factors, the importance (or role) of the intensification of agriculture, its transfer to the innovation-investment model of development, increases. This is one of the rational direc-tions for the development of this industry in the face of severe sanctions announced by European countries and the United States. When forming specialized high-tech zones, it is necessary to take into account the natural conditions of the territories where the specialization of the production of one or another type of product has historically developed, there are economic conditions for the prospective development of agri-culture and production resources are able to ensure the growth of gross production of certain types of products.

Whether the Establishment of National High-Tech Zones Can Improve Urban Air Pollution: Empirical Evidence from Prefecture-Level Cities in China

Promoting the construction of national-level high-tech zones as green pioneer zones is a necessary condition for achieving high-quality development. Based on panel data from 254 prefecture-level cities from 2006 to 2018, in this paper, the difference-in-difference (DID) is used to empirically examine the influence effect of the establishment of national high-tech zones on local urban air pollution, and the spatial difference-in-difference (SDID) is used to explore its spatial spillover effect. It was found that the annual average PM2.5 concentration in cities with national high-tech zones decreased by about 1.8% compared with cities without national high-tech zones, and there was a positive spillover effect on the annual average PM2.5 concentration in nearby cities. Industrial structure upgrading and technological innovation effects are two important transmission paths for the establishment of national high-tech zones to influence urban air pollution; the heterogeneity analysis shows that the establishment of national high-tech zones has more significant implications for the improvement of air pollution in non-resource cities and less developed areas in the west, and the air pollution improvement effect of “growing” national high-tech zones is more desirable than that of “mature” national high-tech zones. Our empirical results conclude that we should continue to encourage the promotion of national high-tech zones, optimize the business environment, improve preferential policies, and design a combination of policy instruments scientifically according to local conditions in order to give full play to the effect of national high-tech zones on urban air-pollution improvement.

EXPLORATORY RESEARCH ON VALUATION PROCESS MECHANISM OF ENTERPRISE PATENT RIGHT PLEDGE FINANCING

The qualitative research method is used in this paper to investigate the valuation behavior mechanism of FRRH patent pledge financing in Guangxi and the ASEAN High-tech Zone, China. It is found that evaluative behavior is intertwined with banking behavior and evaluative behavior. Behind the successful qualitative behavior in accordance with the process is the mechanism of the behavior process, consisting of a risk control mechanism, a market transaction mechanism, and an evaluation mechanism. Unlike the previous assessment of the intrinsic value of the patent right, from the perspective of the pledge financing situation, the paper integrates the market forces into the asymmetric relationship between risk and profitability formed by information asymmetry, explores the key behavior of the enterprise pledge patent right through the valuation process and constructs the process mechanism model. Not only is the patent characteristics and more importantly, the characteristics of pledged enterprises should be used for comprehensive value evaluation through the comprehensive service platform of patent pledge financing. Establish a fair and reasonable market value evaluation system of the patent right, so that the enterprise can obtain the price reflecting the market value of its patent transaction with patent right.

Policy of Development of High-tech in China: Lessons for Ukraine

China in the late 1980s, has embarked on a new path of high-tech manufactury development that is in line with its ambitions. The philosophy of China’s innovation and industrial policy is based on the idea that the achievement of competitive manufactury must be through the national high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises, creating new products and processes based on indigenous innovation. The purpose of the study is to to explore the Chinese experience on policy and mechanisms of development of high-tech manufacturies and to analyze of statistical tools to assess its implications; to assess the appropriateness or feasibility of their application in modern economic conditions of Ukraine. The study’s results have enhanced the existing understanding of the effect of State on accelerating the process structural transformation of the economy and its qualitative technological growth. Discovered the fact, that the Chinese Government is providing substantial support in the form of subsidies and tax incentives for establishment of special high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises for encourage the production of new and high-tech products and processes. It was revealed that, in order to grasp the economic operation and scientific, technological, industrial development of high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises, statistical investigation system was specially formulated іn addition to official statistics of the High-tech industries. It is proven that China’s state-led innovation development model has successfully accompanied and stimulated the growth of high-tech over the last 30 years; and has produced numerous endogenous technological innovations. Analysis revealed that considerable efforts in the field of policy of China transforming the industry into a high-tech sector of the economy and a powerful player in the global market have outstanding performance. The article presents the new indicator EVA – coefficient of Comparative Advantages in the Domestic Value Added Exports and formula for its calculation is provided which allow the assessment of the position of China’s high-tech industries, widening the ‘revealed comparative advantage’ concept. This study shows some important conclusions about the determinants of success of the Chinese government in increase of resources for the modernization of industrial technologies, building and strengthening of potential of domestic high-tech manufacturies. It would be advisable to take into account some important levers of influence, following the example of China, when choosing mechanisms for the economic recovery of Ukraine after war.

How Do Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zones along the Belt and Road Affect the Economic Growth of Host Countries?

Based on the data of countries along the “One Belt and One Road” from 1998 to 2017, this paper uses the progressive Difference-in-Difference to analyze the impact of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones on the economic growth of host countries, which shows that the establishment of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones significantly promotes the economic development of host countries. Additionally, the specific mechanism of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones to promote the economic growth of the host country is analyzed using the mediating effect model, and the study shows that the overseas economic and trade cooperation zones can encourage the economic development of the host countries by attracting foreign investment inflows. Further heterogeneity analysis reveals that overseas economic and trade cooperation zones have stronger economic boosting effects on countries with lower income levels and poorer business systems. Different types of overseas economic and trade cooperation zones have other economic boosting effects on host countries. Among them, the economic impact of industrial, agricultural, and high-tech zones is significant, while the influence of logistics and comprehensive industrial zones is not yet significant. Finally, the paper carries out further discussion based on the above findings.

Business Environment and Resource Allocation Based on the Perspective of the National Value Chain.

China is actively upgrading its industrial structure through industries transferring between developed and undeveloped areas; however, the overall level of the national value chain is still not high, and the asymmetric competition pattern between the upstream and the downstream has not been broken. Therefore, this paper establishes a competitive equilibrium model for the production of manufacturing enterprises, with factor price distortion, under the condition of constant returns to scale. The authors derive the relative distortion coefficients of each factor price, calculate the misallocation indices of capital and labor, and construct an industry resource misallocation measure. Furthermore, this paper applies the regional value-added decomposition model to calculate the national value chain index and matches the market index of the China Market Index Database with the Chinese Industrial Enterprises Database and the Inter-Regional Input-Output Tables through quantitative analysis. From the perspective of the national value chain, the authors study the improvement effect and mechanism of the business environment on the resource allocation in industry. The study shows that industry resource allocation will be improved by 17.89% if the business environment level is improved by one standard deviation. This effect is most prevalent in the eastern and central regions, not so much in the west; the effect of downstream industries in the national value chain is higher than that of upstream industries; the improvement effect on capital allocation is higher in downstream industries than in the upstream industries; and the improvement effect on labor misallocation is basically the same in both the upstream and the downstream. Compared with labor intensive industries, capital intensive industries are more influenced by the national value chain, while the effect of upstream industries is weaker. At the same time, it is well documented that participation in the global value chain can improve the efficiency of regional resource allocation, and the construction of high-tech zones can improve resource allocation for both upstream and downstream industries. Based on the results of study, the authors propose suggestions for optimizing business environments, suiting the national value chain construction, and improving resource allocation in the future.

Place-based policy upgrading, business environment, and urban innovation: Evidence from high-tech zones in China

High-tech zones (HTZs) are an important place-based policy of China, established for promoting urban innovation. Since 2007, the Chinese central government has successfully upgraded many provincial HTZs to national HTZs. Based on panel data from 251 cities from 2004 to 2016, we study the impact of China's HTZ upgrading policy on urban innovation and the mechanism underlying this effect. We find that the place-based upgrading policy significantly improves the innovation level of cities; this is facilitated by improvement to the urban business environment in terms of financing channels, infrastructure, and industrial agglomeration. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the improvements resulting from HTZ upgrading are prominent in cities located in the eastern regions of China, in cities adjacent to provincial capitals, and cities with convenient transportation or a high degree of marketization.

Epidemiological investigation on the local epidemic situation in Zhengzhou High-Tech Zone caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant

This study collected epidemic data of COVID-19 in Zhengzhou from January 1 to January 20 in 2022. The epidemiological characteristics of the local epidemic in Zhengzhou High-tech Zone caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant were analyzed through epidemiological survey and big data analysis, which could provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the Delta variant. In detail, a total of 276 close contacts and 599 secondary close contacts were found in this study. The attack rate of close contacts and secondary close contacts was 5.43% (15/276) and 0.17% (1/599), respectively. There were 10 confirmed cases associated with the chain of transmission. Among them, the attack rates in close contacts of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth generation cases were 20.00% (5/25), 17.86% (5/28), 0.72% (1/139) and 14.81% (4/27), 0 (0/57), respectively. The attack rates in close contacts after sharing rooms/beds, having meals, having neighbor contacts, sharing vehicles with the patients, having same space contacts, and having work contacts were 26.67%, 9.10%, 8.33%, 4.55%, 1.43%, and 0 respectively. Collectively, the local epidemic situation in Zhengzhou High-tech Zone has an obvious family cluster. Prevention and control work should focus on decreasing family clusters of cases and community transmission.

Achieving carbon neutrality: How does the construction of national high-tech zones affect the green innovation of enterprises? Based on quasi-natural experiments in pilot areas in China

From the standpoint of green patents, verifying the influence of the construction of national high-tech zones on the degree of green innovation of enterprises is of enormous theoretical and practical importance. We construct a multi-period two-difference model to assess the influence of the national high-tech zone policy’s implementation on enterprises’ levels of green innovation. The outcomes of the study show that: first, the establishment of national high-tech zones greatly increases the level of green innovation among enterprises. While the effect on green and practical patents is average, the effect on green invention patents is more obvious. Second, how enterprises in national high-tech zones promote green innovation varies significantly. Promotional effects are more prominent in Tier 1 and Tier 2 regions, non-state firms, and high-tech industries with significant economic development. State-owned enterprises, non-high-tech industries, and third-tier and lower-tier regions, on the other hand, fared brilliantly. Third, additional action mechanisms show that the establishment of national high-tech zones can contribute to the institutional environmental effects of enterprises and the concentration of green innovation elements, thereby realizing regional green innovation development. Thus, our research provides an empirical foundation for stimulating the formation of national high-tech zones, increasing firms’ ability to innovate on their own, and nurturing the long-term growth of national high-tech zones and associated businesses.

Research on the Measurement of Innovation Efficiency in National High-tech Zones: Based on the Comparison of Three Urban Agglomerations in China

The high-quality development of national high-tech zones is a matter of great concern for both the government and scholars as it serves as an important base for realizing scientific and technological innovation and industrialization of achievements. This paper constructs a conceptual model of the national high-tech zone innovation system by breaking it down into two subsystems: the innovation R&D subsystem and the innovation incubation subsystem. Through the use of a two-phase Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model, the innovation efficiency of each subsystem is measured for the 42 national high-tech zones in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations. The research conclusion indicates that the majority of the high-tech zones in China are high in both research and development (R&D) efficiency and achievement conversion rate, indicating generally high overall innovation efficiency. However, there is a gap between the three urban agglomerations in terms of innovation resources and transformation environment, with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei High-tech Zone having low transformation efficiency, and some areas of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta having low efficiency in technology R&D. Furthermore, the study finds that the innovation modes and paths of high-tech zones within urban agglomerations are quite different in the process of coordinated development of innovation. Therefore, the paper proposes two innovative development paths: the endogenous growth path and the exogenous driving path. The research results provide a tool for more objective evaluation of the innovation efficiency of national high-tech zones in different urban agglomerations in China, and provide a decision-making basis for different regions to implement corresponding innovative development paths.

A Study on the Impact of the Policy of "Promoting Construction by Promotion" in High-tech Zones on the Innovation of Enterprises in the Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces

A Study on the Impact of the Policy of "Promoting Construction by Promotion" in High-tech Zones on the Innovation of Enterprises in the Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces

МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ ЗОН ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ОТДЕЛЬНЫХ ВИДОВ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ

A priority direction in the development of high-tech zones is the creation of territorial production clusters that unite the entire production chain, from the manufacturer to the seller of products, including a developed infrastructure and organizations engaged in scientific research. The most important advantage of cluster-type associations over other forms of production organization is the focus not on the development of individual industries, but on the links between industries, enterprises and organizations. Such links contribute to the development of production and competition; to the facilitating access to the latest technologies; to distribution of risks in various types of joint activities; joint access to foreign markets and the organization of research and the process of professional development of personnel; reducing production costs. The instability of the geopolitical situation, the current dynamics of integration processes in the post-Soviet space require optimal options for organizing the spatial development of Russian agriculture. In the developed Strategy, the state and development trends of economic growth centers, geostrategic territories, mineral resource centers, and so on are considered as reference points for spatial development, on which attention is supposed to be focused. In the document, the territory of the country is represented by fourteen regions and their constituent entities. Such a concept as a macro-region is introduced - the united territories of two or more subjects of the federation, the socio-economic conditions of which are singled out as separate directions of priority development with the allocation of goals and objectives of socio-economic development in strategic planning. The structure of macro-regions is represented by an association of neighboring subjects of the federation, which have: close territorial location, similar natural resource factors; effective economic specializations; potential opportunities for internal and external cooperation. To improve inter-regional interaction, it is planned to have: the largest (large) promising centers of economic growth (urban agglomerations), mineral resource and agro-industrial centers; prospects for the development of interstate relations with the possibility of building infrastructure facilities; sectoral federal objects of social orientation, contributing to the increase of transport accessibility for the provision of various services.

НАУЧНЫЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ СОЗДАНИЯ СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ ЗОН ПРОИЗВОДСТВА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ КУЛЬТУР

The article discusses and analyzes the factors and conditions that contribute to the formation and dynamic development of high-tech zones for the production of certain types of agricultural products as a strategy for the development of the agricultural sector in the system of food and national security. On the basis of the study of literary sources on the subject under study, a system of indicators for assessing the ongoing temporary processes of differentiation and development of the production of certain types of agricultural products, the structure of production, and methods for their analytical evaluation are presented. Over the period from 2010 to 2021, the volume of agricultural production in value terms increased by more than 3.1 times, including in the crop sector - by 4.1 times, in the livestock sector - by 2.4 times. The share of the industry in the total GDP in 2021 amounted to 17.0%, occupying one of the leading places in the country's economy, being the basis for effective functioning and the backbone structure of the state. Russia ranks third in world grain production after China and India, reaching 85.9 million tons in 2020, which is 11.3% of world production; the first place in the world production of sunflower - 13.3 million tons (26.5%); fourth place in the production of livestock and poultry - 11.2 million tons in carcass weight (3.3%). Despite the positive changes in the structure and dynamics of the production of certain types of agricultural products in the country and regions, the issues of location, specialization and formation of specialized high-tech zones for the production of certain types of agricultural products in Russia require deeper scientific research and development at all levels of government of the administrative territories of the state which emphasizes the relevance of the research.

Research on the coordinated development of underdeveloped regional economy and regional high-tech industrial clusters based on the CRITIC model

This paper selects the order parameters of 11 regional economic subsystems that reflect economic structure, economic aggregate and economic benefits from the perspective of system analysis, and reflects development level and economic strength. And the order parameters of the 12 regional high-tech industrial cluster subsystems of innovation ability, and the method of measuring the order parameters of the system synergy degree is applied. Based on the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) fixed-weight model, a synergy evaluation system of regional economy and regional high-tech industrial clusters is constructed, and finally, an empirical analysis is carried out with Jilin Province, China. The results show that the overall change trend of the synergy degree of the composite system of the regional economy and regional high-tech industrial clusters in Jilin Province can be divided into four stages, and presents an M-shaped development trend of alternating increase and decrease. The development of enterprises in the high-tech zone is not obvious, but the feedback effect of enterprises in the high-tech zone on the regional economy is not obvious. This paper not only fills the research gap on the coordinated development of regional economy and regional high-tech industrial clusters in China's underdeveloped regions in terms of content, but also selects the CRITIC weighting method in terms of methods to accurately define the weights of each indicator.

Does China's National Demonstration Eco-Industrial Park Reduce Carbon Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide-A Study Based on the Upgrading and Transformation Process.

With the increasingly serious environmental problems, coordinating the relationship between the environment and economic development has become a crucial task for developing countries, especially China. This paper studies the role of eco-industrial parks (EIPs) in the emissions of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide in China with the difference-in-difference (DID) approach by focusing on the entire process of EIPs’ establishment—upgrading provincial development zones (DZs) to national DZs and then transforming national DZs into EIPs. Besides, we examined the heterogeneous effect of the different transformations from national economic and technological development zones (ETZs) or national high-tech zones (HTZs) to EIPs. In addition, we studied the spatial spillover effects of EIPs and their paths with the spatial difference-in-difference (SDID) method. The results show that neither provincial DZs nor national DZs can significantly reduce sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide emissions. Only when national DZs are transformed into EIPs can they be reduced significantly. However, the different transformations from the HTZs and ETZs to EIPs have different effects on emissions. Moreover, EIPs have technology spillovers and demonstration effects on surrounding areas. Therefore, EIPs can reduce emissions in the surrounding areas. The results indicate that, in order to achieve high-quality development and coordinate the relationship between environment and economic development, we should take positive steps to promote the transformation of DZs into EIPs.

Cultural Values and Innovation Performance of Employees in R & D Center of Foreign-Funded Enterprises in Suzhou High-Tech Zone

Cultural Values and Innovation Performance of Employees in R & D Center of Foreign-Funded Enterprises in Suzhou High-Tech Zone

Research on Ecological Landscape Design and Healing Effect Based on 3D Roaming Technology.

Impacted by the COVID-19 epidemic, the human sub-health in national high-tech zones (hereinafter referred to as high-tech zones) has become more prominent. It is critical for the mental sub-health group in the high-tech zone to relieve the anxiety and tension caused by the pressure of life and work. This paper uses SketchUp virtual engine (Unity 2019) software, and 3D roaming technology to carry out the ecological landscape transformation design of the Baotzixi ecological corridor in the East Lake High-tech Zone, to construct a 3D roaming landscape scene and measure its therapeutic effect by inviting subjects to participate in an interactive experience experiment on the ErgoLAB platform. The results illustrate that: (1) the thermogram trend shows that the more attractive the 3D roaming landscape scene is, the stronger the subjects’ interest is; (2) the participants have a positive emotional arousal state in the immersive experience of the 3D roaming landscape scene after the modification design; and (3) the mean skin conductance (SC) fluctuation variance of the subjects is 5.819%, indicating that the healing effect is significant in the state of positive emotional arousal. The research results show that there is a connection between the subjects and the 3D roaming landscape scene after the transformation design of “high interest, emotional arousal and significant healing”.

Colour Preference and Healing in Digital Roaming Landscape: A Case Study of Mental Subhealth Populations.

From the perspective of emotional preference, studies have been conducted about landscape healing for subhealth people in the National High-Tech Zone (the study area). Combined with a preliminary practice investigation, Unity 2019 was used to make a digital roaming landscape, and 91 subjects with a history of mental subhealth diseases were randomly invited to participate in the immersive experimentation of the Human–Machine Environment Synchronisation (ErgoLAB) platform. After the experiment, the subjects were invited to fill in a Likert scale as the control group. The interest preference, emotion fluctuation, and healing effect of landscape colour were verified. The results show that: (1) The variation trend of interest reflected the concentration of interest in landscape, and the order of degree of interest, ranging from high to low, went Green > Yellow > Blue > Red > Orange > Purple > Cyan. (2) The subjects’ interest in landscape colour was correlated with the arousal of positive emotions. The correlation between interest in landscape colour and positive emotions, from high to low, went Blue > Green > Yellow, while the correlation between red, cyan, orange, and purple was not significant. (3) The mean skin conductance (SC) fluctuation variance of subjects was 5.594%, which confirmed that the healing effect of digital roaming landscape scenes was significant under the state of low arousal. According to the Likert scale data, subjects’ scores of the healing effect of landscapes, from high to low, went as follows: Green > Yellow > Red > Blue > Cyan > Orange > Purple. The results provide a new method for demonstrating the logical relationship between the digital landscape interest experience–emotional awakening–healing effect and providing a theoretical method and construction scheme for landscape colour configuration in the implementation of landscape healing projects.

Research on Industrial Aggregation and Spatial Development: Jingzhou High-tech Zone as Example

Jingzhou High-tech Zone is an industrial industry agglomeration in Jingzhou. The overall level of high-tech industry development in Jingzhou is not high. After experiencing high growth in recent years, it gradually enters a difficult period of industrial development due to the macroeconomic environment and lacks a large contiguous land, adjustment of new city planning, and generalization of policies, compared to similar development zones. We selected 24 representative indicators for the industrial and spatial development of the Jingzhou industry and High-tech Zone to construct an evaluation system for industrial development in Jingzhou. SPSS principal component analysis method was used for validating the system. We analyzed several factors affecting the industrial clustering of enterprises in the Jingzhou high-tech zone by referring to the existing analysis method of industrial spatial aggregation to construct a calculation model for the industrial spatial aggregation of the Jingzhou high-tech zone. The industrial spatial aggregation of 49 enterprises in the Jingzhou high-tech zone was calculated, too. The results of principal component analysis and the calculation results of the industrial aggregation degree of 49 enterprises showed that the industrial development of Jingzhou was positive in time and space, and six items, such as industrial turnover of movable assets, industrial debt rate, industrial loss rate, industrial secondary industry fixed investment, industrial employment population, and sewage treatment rate affected the zone’s industrial development.

Effective policy mixes in entrepreneurial ecosystems: a configurational analysis in China

Policy-makers are seeking to build vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) to promote innovative entrepreneurship. However, the role of government policy in EEs, especially in the emerging economy context, is poorly understood, lacking a systematic concept of policy and theoretical framework, clear policy classification, and empirical research considering distinctive characteristics of policy mixes in EEs. This paper introduces the concept of EE policy mixes and classifies them into seven policy instruments. Using data from 21 national high-tech zones (NHZs) in China, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is applied to identify effective configurations of EE policy mixes that support early-stage and late-stage technology start-ups to produce high entrepreneurial performance. The configurational analysis shows that EE policy mixes present causal complexity and stage differences. Based on interpreting multiple policy interactions, we reveal the differentiated support mechanisms of EE policy mixes in NHZs and draw out their implications for research, policy, and practice. This study contributes to the EE literature by adopting a policy-mix perspective to examine the role of policy, exploring the specific emerging economy context of China, suggesting further extensions of the research to other contexts, and applying a methodology that reveals causal mechanisms. It also supports better-informed EE policy and governance.