High Dielectric Breakdown Strength Research Articles

Improved dielectric and breakdown traits of polymer composites filled with KH-550 encapsulated multilayer black phosphorus

Polymer/particles composites are attractive for dielectric energy-storage, but they express difficultly-reconcilable conflict in high dielectric constant and breakdown strength. Here, multilayer black phosphorus (BP) coated by γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH-550) as filler, and poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)) as matrix were used to prepare composite films. KH-550 encapsulation enhances BP/matrix interfacial compatibility. Dielectric constant of polymer/BP@KH-550 composite is ∼207 at 20 Hz when filler load is 10 wt% (dielectric loss ∼0.11), combined with direct-current breakdown strength of ∼288 MV m−1. This work is beneficial to facile preparation of dielectric composites with well-balanced dielectric and breakdown properties for capacitive energy-storage.

Surface functionalization of naturally occurring silicate minerals infused hydrocarbon polymer matrix for ultra‐low dielectric performance at high frequency domain

AbstractThe expanding realm of high‐frequency electronics necessitates materials with exceptional attributes: notably, a low dielectric constant (Dk) to minimize signal propagation delays, high thermal conductivity for effective heat dissipation, higher breakdown strength, and robust mechanical properties to withstand demanding operational environments. While cycloolefin copolymers (COC) excel in electrical insulation, chemical resistance, and mechanical durability, their intrinsic slightly higher dielectric constant compared to other polymers, along with challenges such as poor dispersibility and low compatibility with nanoparticles, hinder their full potential in this domain. Considering these drawbacks, this study fabricated a series of COC/mica composites by integrating natural mica particles into the COC matrix via a CTAB‐assisted surface modification of mica to enhance dispersibility and mitigating particle aggregation through in‐situ mixing and hot‐press methods. The resultant composites demonstrate an outstanding ultra‐low Dk of 1.44, marking a significant decrease of over 36% compared to pristine COC with a Dk of 2.26, along with exceptionally low dielectric loss (δ) of 0.00013 at the frequency of 10 GHz, high dielectric breakdown strength ~49.40 kV/mm and enhanced thermal conductivity up to 0.88 W/(m K) at 40% mica loading. Additionally, the composites heightened mechanical performances like tensile strength 69 MPa at 6.5% elongation at break, impact strength up to ~17.9 kJ × m−2, and exceptional water resistance with absorption below 0.097%. These exceptional ultra‐low dielectric performance with above mentioned properties can meet the stringent requirements of modern high‐frequency electronics packaging for next generation electronics development.Highlights Surface modification by CTAB enhanced homogeneous dispersibility of composites. Achieved ultra‐low dielectric constant and loss compared to pure COC. Thermal conductivity improved significantly with incorporation of mica. Unlocking high‐frequency applications potential with ultralow Dk performance.

Achieving improved dielectric energy storage properties and temperature stability in 0.91Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.09K0.7La0.1NbO3 based ferroelectric ceramics by composition design and processing optimization

In this study, a ternary solid solution was designed by incorporating varying concentrations of the B-site composite perovskite Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 (BMT) into 0.91Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.09K0.7La0.1NbO3 (NBT-KLN-based) ferroelectric ceramics to optimize their energy storage performance. The introduction of BMT disrupted the long-range ordered state of the A/B site in the original perovskite structure, resulting in increased structural disorder and enhanced relaxor characteristics. The viscous polymer processing (VPP) method was employed to attain a significantly denser structure. The 0.10BMT-vpp ceramic has ultimately achieved optimal energy storage performance, along with exceptional temperature and frequency stability. It boasts a high dielectric breakdown strength (BDS) of 440 kV/cm, an ultra-high effective energy storage density (Wrec) of 6.7 J/cm3, and an energy storage efficiency (η) of 82%. Moreover, the 0.10BMT-vpp ceramic exhibits robust pulse performance, characterized by an ultra-fast discharge time (t0.9) of only 77 ns. Furthermore, within the temperature range of −66 °C–354 °C, the temperature coefficient of capacitance (TCC) of the 0.25BMT ceramics undergoes a variation of no more than ±15%, in compliance with X9R specifications (−55 °C–200 °C). The introduction of BMT endows NBT-KLN-based ceramics with remarkable temperature stability and comprehensive energy storage performance, making it a ceramic material with practical potential for industrial applications.

Sm and Mn doped enhancing the electrical properties of .68PMN–.32PT relaxor ferroelectric thin films

Abstract(1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 (PMN–PT) has attracted attention due to its excellent electrical properties as a typical relaxor ferroelectric material. High‐quality Mn–Sm co‐doped 0.68PMN–0.32PT thin films were synthesized on the Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by sol–gel based on spin coating method. The results show that 1 mol% Mn–2 mol% Sm co‐doped PMN–PT thin films have high dielectric constant (εr ∼ 1895) and relatively low dielectric loss (tanδ ∼ .039) at 1 kHz. They also show superior ferroelectric polarization (Pmax ∼ 53.71 μC/cm2, Pr ∼ 30.85 μC/cm2) and high dielectric breakdown strength (∼1656.6 kV/cm), which are primarily due to the low leakage current density (∼10−7 A/cm2). This work suggests a practical approach to enhance the dielectricity, piezoelectricity, and ferroelectricity of PMN–PT thin films.

Effect of controlled solvent evaporation on the electroactive phase content of P (VDF-HFP) films

Poly (vinylidene fluoride)-based dielectric materials have attracted much attention in the field of high power density electric energy storage due to their ferroelectric properties, high dielectric breakdown strength and superior processability. However, it is a key challenge how to obtaining high content electroactive phases with ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties in PVDF. Up till now, researchers have prepared PVDF films with high content of electroactive phase via irradiation with high-energy electron-beam or γ-ray radiations and pressing-and-folding process. In this paper, P(VDF-HFP) films were prepared by controlled solvent evaporation method at different ambient temperature. The results showed that the morphologiy of the film showed insignificant changes with the increase of ambient temperature. Total contents of β and γ phases were nearly 100 % in the PVDF films prepared at ambient temperature below 110 °C. The microcrystals in P(VDF-HFP) was more and more perfect with the increase of the ambient temperature under the condition of controlled solvent evaporation. The films prepared at 70 °C showed a dielectric constant of 12.76 under the test condition of 100 Hz with the remnant polarization of 0.54 μC/cm2. All of these results demonstrated that the formation of the electroactive phase of P(VDF-HFP) thin films was related to the evaporation process and evaporate rate of the solvent.

Electrical-Tree Resistant Characteristics of SEBS and Nano-SiO2 Modified Polypropylene Composites

Polypropylene (PP) composite materials with both high mechanical toughness and electrical insulation performance are prepared by incorporating styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymer as a toughening agent and nanoscale silica (SiO2) as a inorganic modifier to enhance electrical-tree and breakdown resistances. The effects and mechanisms of SEBS toughening agent and SiO2 nanofiller on the thermal-mechanical properties and electrical insulation performances of PP material are investigated through the mechanical tests as well as the accelerated electrical-tree aging and alternative current (AC) breakdown experiments. The elastic modulus of SiO2/SEBS/PP composite is slightly lower than that of pure PP material, while the thermal elongation rate remains superior to cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), which is competent in mechanical performances for main insulation materials in high-voltage cables. The addition of styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS) facilitates electrical-tree growth in PP matrix and thus leads to the reduction in dielectric breakdown strength of PP material. In contrast, the incorporation of nano-SiO2 can effectively improve the electrical-tree resistance and dielectric breakdown strength of PP material, making the SiO2/SEBS/PP composite a promising candidate for high-voltage cable insulation. The tests and analyses of thermal stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) reveal that the SEBS toughing additive introduces the shallow charge traps in PP matrix, making it easier for the trapped charges to transition into charge carriers, thus leading to a considerable decrease in electrical-tree resistance and insulation strength of PP material. Meanwhile, the SiO2 nanofiller can introduce deeper charge traps into PP matrix than the structural-defect intrinsic charge traps, resulting in a significant amelioration in the electrical-tree resistant and insulation performances for SEBS/PP composite. The present study demonstrates that SiO2/SEBS/PP composite possesses sufficiently high electrical-tree resistance and dielectric breakdown strength as well as suitable thermal-mechanical properties, offering a potential application in main insulation of high-voltage cables and providing an effective pathway for developing novel recyclable AC high-voltage cables.

Highly Flexible Dielectric Films from Solution Processable Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are known to be a promising class of materials for a wide range of applications, yet their poor solution processability limits their utility in many areas. Here we report a pore engineering method using hydrophilic side chains to improve the processability of hydrazone and β-ketoenamine-linked COFs and the production of flexible, crystalline films. Mechanical measurements of the free-standing COF films of COF-PEO-3 (hydrazone-linked) and TFP-PEO-3 (β-ketoenamine-linked), revealed a Young's modulus of 391.7 MPa and 1034.7 MPa, respectively. The solubility and excellent mechanical properties enabled the use of these COFs in dielectric devices. Specifically, the TFP-PEO-3 film-based dielectric capacitors display simultaneously high dielectric constant and breakdown strength, resulting in a discharged energy density of 11.22 J cm-3 . This work offers a general approach for producing solution processable COFs and mechanically flexible COF-based films, which hold great potential for use in energy storage and flexible electronics applications.

Highly Flexible Dielectric Films from Solution Processable Covalent Organic Frameworks**

AbstractCovalent organic frameworks (COFs) are known to be a promising class of materials for a wide range of applications, yet their poor solution processability limits their utility in many areas. Here we report a pore engineering method using hydrophilic side chains to improve the processability of hydrazone and β‐ketoenamine‐linked COFs and the production of flexible, crystalline films. Mechanical measurements of the free‐standing COF films of COF‐PEO‐3 (hydrazone‐linked) and TFP‐PEO‐3 (β‐ketoenamine‐linked), revealed a Young's modulus of 391.7 MPa and 1034.7 MPa, respectively. The solubility and excellent mechanical properties enabled the use of these COFs in dielectric devices. Specifically, the TFP‐PEO‐3 film‐based dielectric capacitors display simultaneously high dielectric constant and breakdown strength, resulting in a discharged energy density of 11.22 J cm−3. This work offers a general approach for producing solution processable COFs and mechanically flexible COF‐based films, which hold great potential for use in energy storage and flexible electronics applications.

Novel fabrication of hydrophobic poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) paper with superior tear strength and high dielectric breakdown strength

Complicated manufacture of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) paper limits its wider application. In this study, the facile gelation process was proposed to fabricate PPTA paper by injecting spontaneous-gelling low molecular weight PPTA (LMW-PPTA) solution onto the surface of non-woven PPTA fabric composed of chopped PPTA fibers. Subsequently, the PPTA papers and hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) doped PPTA paper were eventually obtained by gelation, washing and pressing. The mechanical properties, electric insulation property and hydrophobicity of PPTA papers were apparently affected by the ratio of chopped PPTA fibers to LMW-PPTA polymers and the content of PVDF in the paper. Significantly, the facile-process and low-cost composite PPTA papers were proved with high tear strength, preeminent dielectric breakdown strength, great thermal stability and superior hydrophobicity, which shed light on a promising direction for developing high-performance insulating materials and honeycomb materials.

Metal ion-assisted fabrication of aramid nanofilm with high strength and toughness for the dye separation

Herein, Fe3+, Co2+, and Ni2+ were respectively introduced into the splitting of aramid fibers, and then the metal hydroxide nanoparticles (NPs) were formed on the aramid nanofibers (ANFs). The nanofilm assembled from NP-grafted ANFs shows high stress, toughness, and dielectric breakdown strength. The results indicate that the ANF nanofilm contained 5 wt% Fe3+ presents the highest enhancing capacity to the mechanical properties of ANF film, with a strength of 312 MPa and a toughness of 61.9 MJ m−3, increased by 73.3% and 215.8%, respectively. The NPs increase the ANF film's dielectric breakdown strength by 40.8%–60.2%. Different from the previous studies, we have not observed the densification of the nanofilm, and the enhanced mechanical properties may be caused by the strong electrostatic and coordinate interactions between NPs and ANFs, evidenced by the large numbers of fiber pull-out on fracture cross-sections. Because of the hydrophilicity of the NPs and the un-densified structures, the composite films show both high flux and rejection to methylene blue (MLB).

Nanobrick Wall Multilayer Thin Films with High Dielectric Breakdown Strength.

Current thermally conductive and electrically insulating insulation systems are struggling to meet the needs of modern electronics due to increasing heat generation and power densities. Little research has focused on creating insulation systems that excel at both dissipating heat and withstanding high voltages (i.e., have both high thermal conductivity and a high breakdown strength). Herein, a polyelectrolyte-based multilayer nanocomposite is demonstrated to be a thermally conductive high-voltage insulation. Through inclusion of both boehmite and vermiculite clay, the breakdown strength of the nanocomposite was increased by ≈115%. It was also found that this unique nanocomposite has an increase in its breakdown strength, modulus, and hydrophobicity when exposed to elevated temperatures. This readily scalable insulation exhibits a remarkable combination of breakdown strength (250 kV/mm) and thermal conductivity (0.16 W m-1 K-1) for a polyelectrolyte-based nanocomposite. This dual clay insulation is a step toward meeting the needs of the next generation of high-performance insulation systems.

Simultaneously achieving high discharge energy density and discharge efficiency in P(VDF-CTFE)/PVDF based nanocomposites through topological-structure design and proper doping composition modulation

The urgent demand of efficient power sources for microelectronics has stimulated the exploration of light-weight electrostatic capacitors with high energy density. With the distinctive characteristics of high dielectric constant and breakdown strength, Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) based ferroelectric polymers have emerged as promising candidates for high-performance dielectric capacitors. However, the intrinsic high hysteresis loss of PVDF based polymers would largely weaken the discharge efficiency of capacitors, hindering their practical application. In this work, we demonstrate that through topological-structure design and proper doping composition modulation involving in MXene and boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS), considerable enhanced discharge efficiency and discharge energy density can be simultaneously achieved. For example, a 7 layered composite comprised of alternative BNNS reinforced layers and MXene reinforced layer presents an ultra-high discharge density and charge-discharge efficiency of 34.6 J/cm3 and 62 %, respectively. It is anticipated that this work will open a new design paradigm to direct PVDF based ferroelectric polymers towards viable high-performance capacitors.

Improved energy storage performance of Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 modified Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3 lead-free ceramics for pulsed power capacitors

(1–x)Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3–xBi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 (x = 0, 0.08, 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.2) ceramics were fabricated via a solid-state reaction route. The ultrahigh recoverable energy density (Wrec = 4.05 J cm−3), efficiency (η = 78%), maximum polarization (Pmax = 51.40 μC cm−2), and high dielectric breakdown strength (BDS = 230 kV cm−1) were achieved for the 0.9BST−0.1BMT ceramic. The fast discharge rate (t0.9∼0.14 μs), current density (CD∼637.02 A cm−2), high power density (PD∼38.70 MW cm−3), good temperature stability (20−180 °C), frequency stability (10−500 Hz), and fatigue endurance for cycling (105) of 0.9BST−0.1BMT ceramic make it suitable for the development of energy-storage devices. The relaxor behavior with a high Wrec (3.06 J cm−3) and η (93%) at BDS (220 kV cm−1) was also achieved for the 0.8BST−0.2BMT ceramic. This study systematically investigates the correlation among the structural, dielectric, impedance, and energy storage properties of BMT-doped BST ceramics.

Interface modified Si@SiO2/PVDF composite dielectrics with synchronously ameliorative dielectric and mechanical properties

AbstractTo efficaciously decrease dielectric loss while still synchronously harvesting a high dielectric constant (ε′) and breakdown strength (Eb), as well as good mechanical properties in silicon (Si)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), in this work, the core@shell structured Si@silicon dioxide (SiO2) particles were first prepared via a high temperature oxidation, and subsequently incorporated into the PVDF to generate morphology‐dependent composites with a high‐ε′ and Eb but low loss. The SiO2 shell effects on the morphology, dielectric, and mechanical properties of PVDF composites were explored. In comparison to pristine Si/PVDF, the Si@SiO2/PVDF presents significantly suppressed loss and boosted Eb because the SiO2 interlayer not only efficiently blocks the connection between the raw Si and greatly impedes the long‐range charges migration even at high filler loadings, but also obviously improves the compatibility between Si and PVDF at the interfaces which promotes fillers' uniform dispersion in host matrix, thus leading to enhanced dielectric and mechanical properties. The fitting result by the Havriliak–Negami equation theoretically elucidates the SiO2 interlayer's suppression effect on charge migration behavior in the composites. More importantly, dielectric properties can be efficiently turned via tailoring the SiO2 shell thickness. The Si@SiO2/PVDF with simultaneously enhanced dielectric and mechanical performances shows promising uses in the electrical and microelectronics industries.

Quantum Mechanical Study of the Dielectric Response of V2C-ZnO/PPy Ternary Nanocomposite for Energy Storage Application

With the proliferation of electronic gadgets and the internet of things comes a great need for lightweight, affordable, sustainable, and long-lasting power devices to combat the depletion of fossil fuel energy and the pollution produced by chemical energy storage. The use of high-energy-density polymer/ceramic composites is generating more curiosity for future technologies, and they require a high dielectric constant and breakdown strength. Electric percolation and Interface polarization are responsible for the high dielectric constant. To create composite dielectrics, high-conductivity ceramic particles are combined with polymers to improve the dielectric constant. In this work, ternary nanocomposites with better dielectric characteristics are created using a nanohybrid filler of V2C Mxene-ZnO in a polypyrrole (PPy) matrix. Then, the bonding and the uneven charge distribution in the ceramic/ceramic contact area are investigated using quantum mechanical calculations. This non-uniform distribution of charges is intended to improve the ceramic/ceramic interface’s dipole polarization (dielectric response). The interfacial chemical bond formation can also improve the hybrid filler’s stability in terms of structure and, consequently, of the composite films. To comprehend the electron-transfer process, the density of state and electron localization function of the ceramic hybrid fillers are also studied. The polymer nanocomposite is suggested to provide a suitable dielectric response for energy storage applications.

Synergistic enhancement in permittivity and energy storage capacity of epoxy dielectrics via constructing continuous 3D BaTiO3 network collaborated with graphene oxide

Three-dimensional (3D) ceramic network has advantages over conventional ceramic nanoparticles in achieving high-performance flexible polymer dielectrics. However, the energy storage capacity cannot be substantially improved due to the relatively large dielectric loss and low breakdown strength. In this study, hierarchical 3DBT/EP-GO (GEBT) dielectric hybrid composites with greatly improved permittivity and energy storage density were obtained by reversely introducing a mixed graphene oxide (GO)/epoxy (EP) solution into three-dimensional BaTiO3 (3DBT) network, which was facilely constructed by sol-gel method using cleanroom wiper as the template. A relatively high dielectric constant (ε′ = 15.6) and breakdown strength (E0 = 239.8 kV mm−1) were simultaneously achieved for the GEBT-4 system with ∼15.4 wt% 3DBT and 0.75 wt% GO (to the epoxy). This system was much superior to the GEBT-1 with only 15 wt% 3DBT (ε′ = 9.2, E0 = 128.8 kV mm−1) and epoxy nanocomposite with 25 wt% BT nanoparticles (ε′ = 6.3, E0 = 121.0 kV mm−1). The continuous 3DBT ceramic network provided an effective polarization pathway within epoxy matrix, in which GO prevented electrical breakdown of the composites, thereby resulting in the significantly enhanced energy storage performance.

Dithioester-terminated copolymers with simultaneous high dielectric constant and breakdown strength for energy storage

High-energy storable polymer dielectrics are highly desirable and applicable for compact and efficient power electronic devices. However, existing polymer dielectrics suffer from either a low dielectric constant or a low breakdown strength and exhibit an extremely low energy density. Here, the reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and polyaddition polymerization techniques are combined to create a dithioester-terminated polythiourea (PTU)-based copolymer dielectric with an extraordinarily high energy density of 10.7 J/cm3. The end-group functionalized copolymer significantly increases the dielectric constant from 6.0 to 7.6, which enhances the breakdown strength from 264 to 563 MV/m. The theoretical analysis from the proton nuclear magnetic resonance, atomic force microscope (AFM), and the dynamics of the polarization behaviors demonstrates conformational transitions between the two distinct trans/trans and cis/trans thioureas, along with the formation of polar PTU nanoregions. These result in a flexible polarization reorientation process and increased dielectric constant. Meanwhile, the density functional theory calculations for the electronic structures of the block copolymers indicate that the excellent breakdown strength of the end-group functionalized copolymer is attributed to strong charge trapping from the unique dithioesters. This work proposes a strategy to achieve a simultaneous high dielectric constant and breakdown strength toward excellent energy storage performances by end-group functionalization and composition modifications.

All-Organic PTFE Coated PVDF Composite Film Exhibiting Low Conduction Loss and High Breakdown Strength for Energy Storage Applications

Plastic film capacitors are widely used in pulse and energy storage applications because of their high breakdown strength, high power density, long lifetime, and excellent self-healing properties. Nowadays, the energy storage density of commercial biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) is limited by its low dielectric constant (~2.2). Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) exhibits a relatively high dielectric constant and breakdown strength, making it a candidate material for electrostatic capacitors. However, PVDF presents significant losses, generating a lot of waste heat. In this paper, under the guidance of the leakage mechanism, a high-insulation polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating is sprayed on the surface of a PVDF film. The potential barrier at the electrode-dielectric interface is raised by simply spraying PTFE and reducing the leakage current, and then the energy storage density is increased. After introducing the PTFE insulation coating, the high-field leakage current in the PVDF film shows an order of magnitude reduction. Moreover, the composite film presents a 30.8% improvement in breakdown strength, and a 70% enhancement in energy storage density is simultaneously achieved. The all-organic structure design provides a new idea for the application of PVDF in electrostatic capacitors.

Enhanced Energy Storage Properties of (1-x) Ba0.96Li0.04TiO3−xBiYO3 Ceramics

The lead-free perovskite ceramics of (1-x) Ba0.96Li0.04TiO3-xBiYO3 (BLT-xBY) (x = 0.02 ∼ 0.10) were synthesized using traditional solid reaction sintering at 1250 °C. XRD and Raman spectra analysis showed that the phase structure transformation occurred at 0.06 < x < 0.08. When x is in the range of 0.02 ∼ 0.06, the orthorhombic and tetragonal phases coexist in the sample. When x ≥ 0.08, the tetragonal phase disappears, and the orthorhombic phase and the cubic phase coexist. All the samples displayed almost pore-free microstructures with relative densities above 91%. As x increases, the maximum permittivity decreases and moves towards low temperature. The dielectric constant at different frequencies shows dispersion phenomenon. When x = 0.08, the remnant polarization (Pr) and the maximum polarization (Pmax) of the composition were 1.047 μC cm−2 and 11.643 μC cm−2, respectively. Meanwhile, the recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) is increased to 0.319 J cm−3 with a high dielectric breakdown strength (BDS) of 69.2 kV cm−1 at x = 0.08.

A novel route to produce BaTiO3 glass-ceramics with nanosized cubic BaTiO3 phase precipitating for high energy-storage applications

To meet requirements of miniaturization devices in high pulsed power technology, super dielectric energy storage performance, such as high dielectric breakdown strength (DBS), large energy storage density with high power density, is extremely important in dielectric materials. However, for BaTiO3 based ceramics and glass ceramics, there is still a critical challenge to achieve high DBS and large energy storage density. Herein, a novel route was proposed to precipitate nanocrystals with cubic BaTiO3 phase from glass matrix, which can elevate dielectric constant and meanwhile maintain high DBS compared to parent glass. A high recoverable energy storage density of ∼ 3.66 J cm−3 at 1000 kV cm−1 and high discharge energy density of ∼3.57 J cm−3 with good thermal stability and ultra-high peak power density of ∼ 910 MW cm−3 can be achieved in BaTiO3 glass ceramic, which implies this type of glass ceramics is suitable for high pulsed power technology application.