Enhanced Energy Storage Properties of (1-x) Ba0.96Li0.04TiO3−xBiYO3 Ceramics

Abstract

The lead-free perovskite ceramics of (1-x) Ba0.96Li0.04TiO3-xBiYO3 (BLT-xBY) (x = 0.02 ∼ 0.10) were synthesized using traditional solid reaction sintering at 1250 °C. XRD and Raman spectra analysis showed that the phase structure transformation occurred at 0.06 < x < 0.08. When x is in the range of 0.02 ∼ 0.06, the orthorhombic and tetragonal phases coexist in the sample. When x ≥ 0.08, the tetragonal phase disappears, and the orthorhombic phase and the cubic phase coexist. All the samples displayed almost pore-free microstructures with relative densities above 91%. As x increases, the maximum permittivity decreases and moves towards low temperature. The dielectric constant at different frequencies shows dispersion phenomenon. When x = 0.08, the remnant polarization (Pr) and the maximum polarization (Pmax) of the composition were 1.047 μC cm−2 and 11.643 μC cm−2, respectively. Meanwhile, the recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) is increased to 0.319 J cm−3 with a high dielectric breakdown strength (BDS) of 69.2 kV cm−1 at x = 0.08.