High Creative Potential Research Articles

No sólo la apertura define a los estudiantes con mayor potencial creativo

Introducción. La relevancia de estudiar los rasgos de personalidad en los estudiantes creativos dentro del ámbito educativo implica su identificación y posterior respuesta educativa adecuada a los diferentes perfiles creativos que manifiestan. Por tanto, el objetivo fue analizar la relación entre los rasgos de la personalidad y las habilidades creativas, así como profundizar en qué rasgos de personalidad son los que definen a los estudiantes con mayor potencial creativo en una muestra de adolescentes, basándonos en el modelo de los Cinco Grandes Factores de la personalidad (Costa & McCrae, 1992). Método. Participaron 178 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) de la Región de Murcia (España), con edades entre los 12 y los 17 años (M = 14.59; DT = 1.40). De los cuales un 49.3% eran varones. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: el TTCT (Torrance, 1974), para valorar la creatividad; y el BFQ-NA (Big Five Questionnaire de Personalidad para niños y adolescentes; Barbaranelli, Caprara y Rabasca, 1998) y NEO-FFI (Inventario de Personalidad NEO Revisado, versión reducida; Costa & McCrae, 2008), para los rasgos de personalidad. Para valorar las diferencias en personalidad realizamos tres grupos en función de su nivel de creatividad (alta, media y baja). Resultados.: Los datos sugieren que fueron tres los rasgos de la personalidad relacionados con las dimensiones creativas: la Extraversión, la Conciencia y la Apertura. Mientras que, las personas más creativas presentaron puntuaciones significativamente más elevadas en los siguientes rasgos de personalidad: Extraversión, Conciencia y Amabilidad. Discusión y conclusiones. A nivel general se observa cierta relación entre las habilidades creativas y los rasgos de personalidad. Concretante son la Extraversión, la Conciencia y la Apertura las dimensiones más relacionadas con la creatividad. De las cuales, la Extraversión y la Conciencia son las que definen en mayor medida un perfil creativo. Resultados en esta línea son los obtenidos por Chamorro-Premuzic y Reichenbacher (2008), Furnham (2015), y Szobiová (2006).

Взаимосвязь творческого потенциала личности с особенностями саногенной рефлексии

The paper presents the results of an empirical study aimed at identification of the relationship between the level of personal creative potential and the fea-tures of sanogenic reflection. The topic is relevant, since currently an active search is underway for new approaches and methods to the development of the creative potential of an individual, for example, school students. It is argued that the high creative potential of the individual contributes to meeting the needs of the individual in creative self-realization in various areas of life. Representatives of creative professions took part in the study, therefore it is natural that the level of creative potential of the sub-jects is high. In addition, respondents revealed low levels of aggression against themselves and self-derogation of the “I” and a high level of sanogenic, realistic thinking. It is concluded that sanogenic reflection is a determining factor in the development of creative potential.

From creative industries to the creative place brand: some reflections on city branding in Poland

Contemporary cities function in a competitive environment. In order to succeed, they build their comparative advantages using various instruments. One of them is city branding. Effective branding contributes to the increase of cities’ attractiveness and thus to their competitiveness in various fields. Cities with a clear, credible and attractive vision of development have better development prospects. Creativity is used often as a part of branding strategies. Some cities describe themselves as creative and this is justified by their potential. Some possess creative potential but do not present themselves as creative and use other assets for branding. The article presents results of a study whose goal was to determine whether and to what extent creativity, as a positive attribute of a city, is used in branding of cities—capitals of Polish regions. The results of the study prove that cities with a diverse base of economic development and high creative potential treat the creative sector as one of the assets. Cities undergoing restructuring of the economy treat creativity as a very important element of branding. Creativity is also used by cities whose creative potential is negligible. This proves how high the expectations associated with the image of the “creative city” are and at the same time show the lack of realism in policy making and designing branding strategies.

ПРАКТИЧНЕ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ТА МЕТОДІВ УПРАВЛІННЯ КРЕАТИВНІСТЮ І РИЗИКАМИ КОМАНД ОСВІТНІХ ПРОЕКТІВ У СФЕРІ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ

Modern life requires rapid and continuous development: professional knowledge, gained by a person, becomes outdated in several years and needs to be updated. In professional activities, there is always request for mobility and ability to change. The unevenness of staff training, overproduction of personnel in one profile harms other professions, actualizing the need for lifelong learning. Therefore, in the management by educational projects in the field of further training, which is a component of lifelong learning and a springboard for the growth of modern staff, project management works better. Typically, a team of educational project consists of creative individuals selected from among the internal staff of educational institution. The management by such teams involves certain personnel risks, which may further undermine the successful completion of an educational project. The work with teams, the members of which have high creative potential, requires additional and effective tools and methods of management. The article is devoted to aspects of practical application of author's models and methods of managing the creativity and risks of educational project teams in the field of further training. The author has made an assessment of the members’ creativity using the sociometric cross-evaluation and the expert methods. The assessment has been based on an example of educational project for the development and launch of qualification improvement programs with vouchers in a private institution of higher education. This helped to identify personnel risks which influence the project results the most. The article shows how using the method of labor resources management in educational projects, taking into account creativity and risks, and the method of cross-evaluation, it is possible to determine the criteria of trust to each member of the project team for further planning the project by a human resources manager on the critical path of an educational project.

La créativité, ressource potentielle de l’enfant et l’adolescent, à évaluer, révéler et développer

Creativity is increasingly important in our society, so it is important to evaluate it and develop it from the youngest age. Creativity refers to the ability to generate productions that are original and meaningful in their production-based context. This article presents the concept of high creative potential, which can be distinguished from high intellectual potential. We then present the Evaluation of Creative Potential (EPoC) battery, which allows creative potential to be measured in two types of thinking (divergent-exploratory vs. convergent-integrative) in several domains of application (verbal-literary vs. graphic-artistic). Norms for elementary school children are available, and new norms are under development for middle school children (for applications within the fields of verbal-literary, graphic-artistic and social domains). The interest of this battery for psychologists and psychiatrists is discussed in the context of both the psychological assessment and therapeutic tracking.

Creativity in science and the link to cited references: Is the creative potential of papers reflected in their cited references?

Abstract Several authors have proposed that a large number of unusual combinations of cited references in a paper point to its high creative potential (or novelty). However, it is still not clear whether the number of unusual combinations can really measure the creative potential of papers. The current study addresses this question on the basis of several case studies from the field of scientometrics. We identified some landmark papers in this field. Study subjects were the corresponding authors of these papers. We asked them where the ideas for the papers came from and which role the cited publications played. The results revealed that the creative ideas might not necessarily have been inspired by past publications. The literature seems to be important for the contextualization of the idea in the field of scientometrics. Instead, we found that creative ideas are the result of finding solutions to practical problems, result from discussions with colleagues, and profit from interdisciplinary exchange. The roots of the studied landmark papers are discussed in detail.

EEG alpha activity during imagining creative moves in soccer decision-making situations

This study investigated task-related changes of EEG alpha power while participants were imagining creative moves in soccer decision-making situations. After presenting brief video clips of a soccer scene, participants had to imagine themselves as the acting player and to think either of a creative/original or an obvious/conventional move (control condition) that might lead to a goal. Performance of the soccer task generally elicited comparatively strong alpha power decreases at parietal and occipital sites, indicating high visuospatial processing demands. This power decrease was less pronounced in the creative vs. control condition, reflecting a more internally oriented state of information processing characterized by more imaginative mental simulation rather than stimulus-driven bottom-up processing. In addition, more creative task performance in the soccer task was associated with stronger alpha desynchronization at left cortical sites, most prominently over motor related areas. This finding suggests that individuals who generated more creative moves were more intensively engaged in processes related to movement imagery. Unlike the domain-specific creativity measure, individual's trait creative potential, as assessed by a psychometric creativity test, was globally positively associated with alpha power at all cortical sites. In investigating creative processes implicated in complex creative behavior involving more ecologically valid demands, this study showed that thinking creatively in soccer decision-making situations recruits specific brain networks supporting processes related to visuospatial attention and movement imagery, while the relative increase in alpha power in more creative conditions and in individuals with higher creative potential might reflect a pattern relevant across different creativity domains.

ВНЕСОК ВОЛОДИМИРА ІВАНОВИЧА КУРИЛА У РОЗВИТОК СУЧАСНОЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ПРАВОВОЇ НАУКИ (з нагоди 60-річчя відомого вітчизняного вченого-правознавця)

The article is devoted to the study of the scientific achievements of Kurylo V.I. - Outstanding Ukrainian Lawyer, Doctor of Law, Professor, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Academy of Administrative Law, Honored Lawyer of Ukraine, Laureate of the Yaroslav the Wise Prize. Since 1996 he has gone from assistant professor of agrarian law to first vice-rector of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and acting rector of Vinnytsia National University, and is currently the head of the Department of Administrative and Financial Law of NULES of Ukraine. Having analyzed some samples of scientific achievements of Kurylo V.I., which is about 400 scientific and educational works (26 monographs, 16 textbooks, 27 textbooks, more than 130 scientific articles), as well as the main directions of scientific research of applicants for scientific degrees. the management prepared and defended dissertations (15 doctoral and 65 candidate), which started the school of scientific and legal research in the agricultural and natural resources spheres, we characterized and systematized the main areas of research of a lawyer: the activities of public authorities and local governments; decentralization of power; tax relations and fiscal policy, protection of taxpayers' rights; formation and development of the judicial system; counteraction to corruption offenses; legal regulation of relations in the agrarian and natural resources spheres; public administration of the agricultural sector, etc. Demonstrating high scientific and creative potential, the ability to produce new scientific knowledge, Professor Kurylo V.I. formed a significant contribution to the development of domestic legal science, formed this new knowledge in such areas of law as agricultural, administrative, administrative procedure, economic, environmental, land, information, constitutional, criminal, municipal, financial, etc. and continues to generate new ideas for successful development domestic legal science and the state of Ukraine.

КРЕАТИВИЗАЦИЯ ЛЕКСИКОНА РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА НОВЕЙШЕГО ВРЕМЕНИ: "СЛОВО ГОДА"

The neologization with the popularity of the Internet occurs actively in the contemporary Russian language. Not only mass media but also common people, Internet users contribute significantly. New words from the media discourse get into word creating rates of Internet project “Word of the Year”. On the one hand, ranked lists are the indicators of social changes, on the other hand, they reflect linguocreative potential of people, who participate in lists formation. Creative speech activity relates to language game. One of the main rules of such a game is the understanding of conditions of a certain speech (game) code both by a creator of a word and by an interlocutor. Conducted analysis shows that authors mostly use the model of compressive word creation and it proves high creative potential, freedom of speech behavior and linguistic sense of native speakers, who strive to the self-expression with word creation. New formations created by methods of paronymic attraction and blend words save semantic links with original words. So they have semantic of motivating words in their meaning and have advantage over descriptive constructions. Thus, methods of word creation, which allow describing social and political events of a country or a personal life with a new bright word with evaluative element in it, are popular in the contemporary word creative activity.

Effects of alpha and gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on verbal creativity and intelligence test performance

Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that allows to directly modulate brain oscillations of a given frequency. Using this method, it was recently shown that increasing alpha (10Hz) oscillations improved creative ideation with figural material and that increasing gamma (40Hz) oscillations speeded up performance in a figural matrices intelligence task. The aim of the present study was to examine whether these findings generalize to verbal creativity and intelligence tasks. In addition, we explored whether the stimulation effects are moderated by individual differences in creative potential and intelligence. Twenty-two adults received 10Hz, 40Hz and sham tACS while they worked on a verbal creativity (alternate uses) task and a verbal intelligence (anagram) task. Analyses revealed that 10Hz stimulation had a marginally significant effect on ideational fluency in the alternate uses task, whereas originality was unaffected. The beneficial effect of stimulation on fluency tended to emerge mainly in the individuals with higher creative potential. In the verbal intelligence task, in contrast, 40Hz stimulation did neither impact on performance nor interacted with individual differences in intelligence. These findings provide first tentative evidence that enhancing alpha oscillations through tACS may improve creative thinking not only in the figural but also in the verbal domain. The previously reported beneficial effect of gamma tACS on figural intelligence, however, could not be observed in a verbal task. In sum, the present study further corroborates the causal link between alpha oscillations and creative thinking and suggests that tACS may be a promising tool to enhance cognitive processes.

ПОРТРЕТНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЛЮДИНИ У ФРАЗЕМІЦІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ

The article deals with the analysis of phrase groups in Ukrainian phraseology denoting portrait testimonial of a person. The necessity of collection, study and description of phrases as nominative units is always topical. Phrases are an appropriate ground for language and culture studies. The author states, that phrases are always vivid, picturesque expressions. They are significant expressive language means, helping to depict the peculiarities of appearance, in particular, the portrait testimonial of a person. The phrasemes, selected for the description and analysis form a unique phraseological world model of a Ukrainian. It has been stated, that phrases, denoting portrait testimonial, are distinguished with tangible figurativeness, wit, relevant emphasis on shortcomings. Such artistic devices as comprarisons, oxymoron, antithesis, antonymical irony are extensively used. All this testifies to a high creative potential and developed people’s mentality. In such language units the most significant mental features of Ukrainian ethnos are reproduced. As a result of the scholarly work, carried out, a conclusion is made that Ukrainian phrases possess a significant linguocultural potential – the most variable manifestations of cultural life of a human being: his or her customs, beliefs, even prejudices, everyday life, streaks of dispositions. And all this is often rendered through the portrait testimonial of a person by means of phraseology. The concentration of attention on the most important Ukrainian values enables a more profound cognition of the bases of national world perception, that single out a Ukrainian community among others. Key words: phrase, phraseology, portrait testimonial, linguocultural potential, Ukrainian mentality.

Greater male variability in creativity: A latent variables approach

Although gender differences do not usually exist when it comes to creative potential, males do exhibit a higher variability of creative ability: the effect that may result in more males than females having both very low and very high creative potential. Two studies examined the greater male variability in creativity hypothesis (GMVC): a cross-sequential investigation conducted on a sample of children (4–7 years old; N=351) over the span of two years and a cross-sectional study conducted on a sample diverse in age (6–46 years old; N=3594). In both studies, the Test of Creative Thinking-Drawing Production (TCT-DP; Urban & Jellen, 1996) was used, but unlike previous research, data were analyzed using the latent variables approach: latent growth curve modeling (Study 1) and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (Study 2). Greater male variability of creative ability was found across studies and age groups, but while this pattern was characteristic for some aspects of creative ability (originality and unconventionality), higher female variability was observed in the case of the other aspects (adaptiveness).

The Profiles of Creative Potential and Personality Characteristics of Adult Professionals

Using 5 divergent thinking indices of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, this study examined the creative profiles of 236 adult professionals and relationships between their creative characteristics and personality types. All these adults were in their middle or late stage of professional development in business, public service, journalism, or a similar profession. Distinctive profiles of creative and personality characteristics were found as a function of the domain. For example, the adults in business, journalism, and law had strength in fluency and a weakness in resistance to premature closure; those in medicine, and research and education showed strength in originality and a weakness in abstractness of titles. Those in business were mostly either an ESTJ or ISTJ type had lower levels of creativity than other professionals. Across the domains, the adults preferring intuition in perceiving information had higher creative potential than those preferring sensing. Domains were significant predictors of most of the tested creativity, even over and above the personality types. Overall, this study supported that creative potential, personality types, and domains are intertwined although further explorations are needed to identify causality among them.

REFLECTION OF THE SOCIAL STANDARDS AS A CONDITION OF A SUCCESSFUL SOCIALIZATION OF THE CHILDREN WITH A HIGH CREATIVE POTENTIAL

The aim of this article is to study the problem of reflection of social norms and its impact on the process of socialization of children with a high creative potential. Methods. Processes of socialization and reflection of social norms are considered in this article on the basis of the methodology of the system and mental activity analysis developed by G. P. Schedrovitsky, the founder of the Moscow Methodological Study Group. The article provides the comparative analysis of the adaptation and activity approach to socialization of children with a high creative potential according to such parameters as the object, socialization mechanisms, characteristics of social norms, social controls, personal controls, personal qualities, level of social mobility, and nature of the process of socialization. Results and scientific novelty . The author puts forward the thesis about irrational character and «off-limits» of judgements of the majority of social norms in a modern society, and shows distinction of social and personal regulators of a reflection of these norms. One of the main conclusions is the following: rationalisation and reflection of social norms are the important conditions of social dynamics and social development. It has been found that unconscious personal acceptance of social norms that is typical of the adaptation approach leads to two opposite results: 1) successful adaptation due to uncritical acceptance of social norms by the child, which leads to decrease in the diversity of ways of activity and specificity of its products, and, as a result, failure to realize the creative potential; 2) desocialization of the child in case of keeping the level of creative abilities and the possibility of its realization. The activity approach which is based on reflexive mechanisms represents absolutely different methodological opportunities for solving the problem of socialization of children with a high creative potential. The activity approach contributes to the instrumental attitude of the individual to the process of social interaction, process of autonomy and preserving the personal identity of the human being due to the possibility of establishing this interaction and reconstructing the social norm in a group. Practical significance. The approaches to socialization provided in the article can help practicing teachers to organize their work more effectively, efficiently and qualitatively.

A COMPARISON OF NON-VERBAL CREATIVITY BETWEEN LITHUANIAN AND MEXICAN ADOLESCENTS

Background . The purpose of this work was to explore non-verbal creativity (free from language influences) between Mexican and Lithuanian adolescents. Methods . This is a cross comparative study of 354 high school students (average age 17.2 years) from Lithuania and Mexico who were asked to complete four tasks from the 2 non-verbal sections of the Multifactorial assessment of creativity test, EMUC ( Evaluacion Multifactorial de la Creatividad , Sanchez, Garcia, Valdes, 2009). The first section explored visual-spatial creativity associated with vocational choices such as architecture and graphic design. The second explored inventive associated with realistic vocational choices such as engineering and practical handcraft. Results . No significant differences were noticed in the procedures of administering, interpreting and using test results in these two countries. In general, Lithuanians show more fluidity and flexibility, whereas Mexicans show more originality. Results indicated a poor relationship between high creative potential and vocational choices that demand creativity (i.e. design, music, etc.). Consistent gender differences were observed depending upon the type of creativity assessed. Women showed higher creativity on visual-spatial tasks, while men in originality for inventive tasks. Conclusions. Results underline the difficulties in assessing and comparing creative products from different cultures. They underline the importance of context specific criteria to judge creativity in an ipsative fashion. Furthermore, overall results suggest that visual-spatial tasks in this age range should focus on originality and elaboration, whereas the ingenuity task should focus on flexibility and fluidity.

Creative potential of primary school students in written expression

The essays of primary school students were studied as a potential source of data about their creative capacities in the field of writing and, more extensively, in the domain of linguistic expression. Sixth and seventh grade students (N=142) wrote an essay the creativity of which was evaluated by three teachers. Based on teachers' evaluations, two extreme groups were formed, which were then mutually compared: the students who wrote creative stories (N=17) and those who did not (N=19). A mixed method approach was applied in analyzing the data about students and their essays. The quantitative research results indicate that the authors of creative stories are characterized by a considerably higher creative potential as measured by the Word Production Test and Urban-Jellen Drawing Test (TCT-DP), a better school achievement and greater knowledge in Serbian language, a wider range of interests and a more pronounced interest in language and humanities. Analysis of narratives of the two groups of stories reveals important differences between the creative and noncreative group in the format, themes and components of creative written expression. The following are perceived in the papers assessed as creative: good composition, existence of a title, a guiding idea, originality, emotional expressiveness and ethical dimension. In the concluding part the authors discuss the advantages of combining the quantitative and qualitative procedures in studying the creative potential in school context.

Case Study Method and its Use in Library and Information Education

Distinctive features and advantages of an innovative method, namely case study method, based upon active training through analysis of situations, are discussed. This method is widely applied in American and West-European education practice; it demonstrates a high creative potential. The experience of application of the case study method at library schools of the USA is described as well as the first attempts of its implementation into library and information education in Russia.

Al-Qaeda's Innovative Improvisers: Learning in a Diffuse Transnational Network

Al-Qaeda is commonly described as a highly flexible and adaptable non-state network, making it difficult for states to combat. Although these features are associated with networks in theory, they are not inherent to networks in practice, and rely largely on organisational learning. A network that fails to learn is not likely to adapt successfully. This paper explores the learning implications of al-Qaeda's transnational network structure, focusing on decentralisation and reduced hierarchical control following the loss of its Afghanistan base. Drawing from organisational theory research, the paper uses an exploration–exploitation framework to offer hypotheses about how learning is evolving. It suggests a wider space for exploration, rendering a dispersed, decentralised al-Qaeda more innovative, balanced by a weakened ability to exploit resources and expertise. Networked al-Qaeda militants are described as ‘innovative improvisers’ with high creative potential but low professionalism. By delving into the mechanisms of learning, the paper builds knowledge of what specific circumstances affect al-Qaeda's purported agility as an actor. Further research is recommended on how states might respond to innovative improvisers. Such research should extend beyond popular proposals for ‘networked’ national security to innovation and learning in their own right.

Creativity among entrepreneurship students: comparing engineering and business education

As creativity is increasingly recognised as a vital component of entrepreneurship, researchers and educators struggle to reform enterprise pedagogy. To help in this effort, we use a personality test and open-ended interviews to explore creativity between two groups of entrepreneurship masters' students: one at a business school and one at an engineering school. The findings indicate that both groups had high creative potential, but that engineering students channelled this into practical and incremental efforts whereas the business students were more speculative and had a clearer market focus. The findings are drawn on to make some suggestions for entrepreneurship education.

Creativity, personality and word association responses: associative behaviour in forty supposedly creative persons

In the context of Eysenck's assumptions on the relationship between psychoticism, creativity and word association behaviour, a previous experiment was repeated with a sample of 40 writers and actors. The word association procedure consisted of a free single-word association test with 25 common German nouns, a common response condition, an individual response condition, ratings as to the commonness or uncommonness of the subjects' own associates and a multiple-choice association test. In addition the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) was filled out. Previously studied samples of 40 schizophrenics and 40 unselected healthy persons served as control groups. As predicted by Eysenck's theory and by previously obtained results, the presumed creative sample scored significantly higher on the dimension of psychoticism but differed in no other personality scale. In the free word association the creatives gave even fewer primary responses than the schizophrenics and yet their associative behaviour did not resemble that of mental patients and should not be described in connection with `associative disturbances'. They performed best in the individual response condition and used their high creative potential to respond in accordance with the instruction. They presented fewer logical errors in their response behaviour and were well capable of assessing the degree of commonness of their own associations. These results can be understood as a strong corroboration of Eysenck's theory.