Harmful Habits Research Articles

Relationship between bad oral habits, signs, and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders among Saudi population: A cross-sectional study.

According to the American Dental Association, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) refer to a group of disorders characterised by pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the periauricular area, or the muscles of mastication. TMJ noise/sounds, and any deviations or restriction during jaw movements. Many oral habits are common and usually do not harm the TMJ and associated structures. However, these habits may result in TMJ disorders, if the activity goes beyond someone's physiological tolerance. The causes of degenerative changes of TMJ are believed to be multifactorial and controversial too. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of oral habits and its relationship with temporomandibular disorders in the Saudi population of Taif city. This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2021 to July 2021 at Taif city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The Arabic version of a standardized questionnaire (recommended by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain) was used and distributed randomly among 441 citizens of Taif city. Our study showed that many respondents had different TMJ disorders, such as pain during eating, sound in jaw joint, pain around ear, temples, and cheek, headache and neck pain, change in bite, and pain during opening and closing of the mouth. On the other hand, many respondents answered that they had TMD, pain associated with nail biting/object biting, lip biting, clenching teeth, and chewing gum. In the present study, a relationship between harmful oral habits and the development of signs and symptoms of TMDs among adolescents who lived in Taif city, KSA was noted. In the present study, no clinical examinations were conducted and only consisted of closed-ended questions, all of which may have a lower the validity rate. An effort was made to overcome these limitations by using a well-designed standardized questionnaire by the American Academy of the Orofacial Pain. We conclude that further studies are required and using of clinical examination to measure the severity of the signs and symptoms for better understanding the association of oral habits with TMJ disorders.

Factors Affecting the Consumer Behaviour of Gluten Sensitive Consumers – A Pilot Study

The aim of this research was to assess the consumption habits of gluten sensitive individuals and to determine the factors affecting them. Owing to the development of medicine and new technologies, gluten sensitivity has been revealed in an increasing number ofcases. In addition, changes in modern lifestyles, as well as associated harmful consumption habits and changes in the health environment, have increased the incidence of gluten sensitivity. In terms of these facts, it has become extremely important to examine the consumer habits of this segment. With the help of this, it is possible to learn about the influence of the disease on consumers. The present research was completed on the basis of 862 questionnaires received in the autumn of 2022; the respondents (without exception) were individuals suffering from gluten sensitivity from Slovakia and Hungary. Factor analysis was performed to identify the main factors affecting consumption. Based on the results of the present research people affected by the disease do not make decisions based on one factor alone during their purchases. The study found that the factors influencing the consumption habits of gluten-sensitive individuals can be classified into four groups: “common”, “conscious”, “healthy lifestyle” and “price”. There are additional influencing elements within these groups. Based on the results, a revision and adjustment of tools influencing the consumption of gluten-free products should be performed. Factors affecting the consumer behaviour of gluten-sensitive consumers should be grouped (“Common”, ”Conscious”, ”Healthy lifestyle” and ”Price”). The analysis showed that the majority of gluten-sensitive individuals strictly adhere to the needed diet, but it is not important for them where they obtain the individual foods or the ingredients for their preparation. The present research contributes to the understanding of the lifestyle of gluten-sensitive consumers and can provide a suitable basis for further research.

Рацион беременных женщин. Анализ рекомендаций

Objective. To analyze current recommendations of specialists on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of women’s nutrition in the preconception period and during pregnancy and lactation. Methods. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, and e-library scientific databases for the period from 2012 to 2022 using the following search queries: “nutritional recommendations during pregnancy and lactation”, “nutrients in the diet of pregnant women”. Conclusion. There is now a global consensus on the daily intake of energy, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates during pregnancy. All pregnant women should avoid dehydration, control weight gain and physical activity, and take at least 0.4 mg of folic acid daily in the first trimester. Vitamins A, E, and C should not be regularly prescribed to pregnant women. Supplementation with vitamin D and micronutrients (iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iodine) is recommended to be administered differentially in various population groups with proven deficiencies. No national guidelines yet recommend probiotics during pregnancy. It is advisable to limit daily caffeine intake to 300 mg/day, to completely avoid harmful habits and toxic and unprocessed foods. Key words: pregnant women, diet, nutrients, nutrition, vitamins, micronutrients

Risk factors for the formation of congenital hyperplasia of blood vessels (infantile hemangioma)

The aim the study. To identify correlations between the development of blood vessel hyperplasia (GCS) and risk factors in pregnant women. To identify correlations between the development of blood vessel hyperplasia (GCS) and risk factors in pregnant women. A selective retrospective analysis of 173 case histories and outpatient records of patients of the Clinic of Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry of the Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery for 2011-2021 was carried out. The obstetric history of the mother, chronic diseases of mothers during pregnancy and bad habits were studied. The interrelation of the influencing unfavorable factor on the isolation, prevalence and vastness of foci of infantile hemangioma was determined. There was no statistically significant relationship between the harmful habits of the mother and the number of lesions, as well as the isolation of the lesion of the mandibular-facial region (CHLO) and the prevalence of the process in the child. It was found that the prevalence of the process, the isolation of the lesion and the number of foci of CHLO did not have a reliable relationship with the complicated course of pregnancy in the mother. A reliable relationship was revealed between the number of lesions in the CHLO and chronic hypoxia, between the number of defects of the cardiovascular system and the prevalence of the process. But there was no reliable relationship between the number of CCC lesions and the number of lesions. 24 patients out of 173 were premature. In these patients, a statistical severity to the occurrence of GCS was revealed. There was no reliable relationship between the genetic predisposition on the line of both parents and the prevalence of the process, with the isolation of the lesion of CHLO and with the number of foci of CHLO lesions. Prematurity, chronic hypoxia, multiple malformations of the fetal cardiovascular system are risk factors for the development of vascular hyperplasia in children.

Knowledge about Negative Effects of Bottle Feeding on Babies’ Dental Tissues Amongst Mothers

Background: Bottle feeding affects the hard tissues of babies in a negative manner. Overall health of infants is also affected by regular bottle feeding. It also results in development of certain harmful habits and increasing use of pacifiers when bottle feeding exceeds 0-6 months. Many detrimental changes occur in the dental tissues of infants due to bottle feeding. Infant feeding practices are an important factor influencing malocclusion in deciduous dentition, which can have long-lasting negative outcomes on oral health-related quality of life. Objective: To assess the awareness in mothers regarding bottle feeding and its adverse dental effects in babies and to find out the general feeding pattern among mothers. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Study Duration: Study was conducted on feeding mothers in Lahore during a period from November 2020 to February 2021. Methodology: In this study 350 mothers participated. The inclusion criteria consisted of women having at least 1 baby less than 2 years of age. Questionnaire was printed in English and Urdu and filled by mothers. Prior to the actual data collection process at non-sampled Kebeles, the questionnaire was pre-tested on 5% of the sample size, and adjustments were made as necessary. The short questionnaire was collected on same day. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 (IBM SPSS Statistics, version 23, USA). Chi square test was used to compare frequencies amongst groups. A p value of <0.05 was set as the level for statistical significance. Results: The results showed that age distribution of mothers included in this study were between 20 to 50 years with 20 to 29 being highest 186 (53.3%). Two hundred and eleven (60.3%) were housewife and one hundred and thirty-nine (39.8%) were working women. Feeding pattern showed that 41% women were breastfeeding their child, 9% were bottle feeding and 50% were using both methods of feeding. Practical implication: In order to identify issues and find solutions to prevent illness and stunted growth, it is important to regularly monitor breastfeeding patterns and feeding practises in mothers. That’s why current study was planned to assess the awareness in mothers regarding bottle feeding and its adverse dental effects in babies and to find out the general feeding pattern among mothers. Conclusion: It is concluded that bottle feeding is more common among women, which is having deleterious effects on both dental and skeletal tissues of babies. Knowledge among mothers related to dental problems as an implication of bottle feeding is generally quite lacking. There needs to be more educational efforts made in order to prevent the dental problems in infants. Keywords: Infant feeding, Breast feeding, bottle feeding, dental, altered occlusion, deciduous dentition, feeding pattern, nutritional demand, tooth decay, discoloration

The general characteristics and historical aspect of the emergence and development of horting as a national type of motor activity of Ukraine

Horting is the national sport of Ukraine. It is a representative of a new direction of complex mixed martial arts in the world, but the multifaceted two rounds of a duel significantly distinguish this sport from others, thanks to the developed rules of competitions, which have not been used in the world until this moment.
 The main goal of horting is to cover all sections of the population of Ukraine from young children to the elderly, popularize and increase the role of physical culture and sports, patriotic education, involve children and young people in a healthy lifestyle, distract them from harmful habits, and educate the individual in the spirit. decency, patriotism and love for one's Motherland.
 The article provides a general description and examines the historical aspect of the emergence and development of horting as a national type of motor activity of Ukraine. The origin of the word "horting" was studied.
 It has been established that horting in Ukraine is an important component of the national system of physical culture and sports, patriotic and spiritual education of youth, revival and rooting of cultural, health and martial traditions of the Ukrainian people.
 It has been found that horting classes contribute to strengthening health; development of physical, moral and intellectual qualities of a person; the formation of the internal culture of the individual, his high-willed qualities, healthy lifestyle skills; harmonious physical development; attracting the younger generation to the wealth of universal values; the "awakening" of the national consciousness of Ukrainians; is an effective means of solving the problems of educating the younger generation, as sports distract boys and girls from the street, giving them the opportunity to fully demonstrate their talents and realize their potential.

Preterm birth: causes and complications observed in tertiary care hospitals

The main aim of the study was to identify factors associated with preterm birth. The study was conducted for a period of 6 months from September 2019 to February 2020 in 1607 women at SVS Medical College and Hospital, and Sushrutha Hospital, Mahabubnagar and it eventually selected 80 pregnant women for the final experiment. Those pregnant women who had pre-eclampsia, intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy, placenta previa or chorioamnionitis were more likely to experience pre-term birth. A patient interview was conducted in a detailed manner and all the necessary information regarding the mother and the infant were collected to carry out the study. Among 80 patients, collected the highest number of 39 cases i.e. 49% in between the age group of 17-23 years and the least number of cases therefore 19 i.e. 24% in between the age group of 35-45 years. We studied that maternal variable such as social status and educational status also impacts deliveries. Alcoholics had the highest number of very pre-term deliveries i.e., 36.25%. And among undergraduates, moderate preterm deliveries were a predominant number, i.e. 38.75%. Among the cases collected, 22.5% of women who have previous abortions had the highest number of preterm births with 31 cases and 5% of women with thyroid had the least number of pre-term births. 41% of preemie births were observed in the gestational gap of < 18 months, while 24% were recorded in > 30 months. In between two types of deliveries, 69% of preemie births were observed in the cesarean section and normal delivery includes 31%. The results of our study reveal that there is a need to assess the causes and complications among pregnant women who are at risk of delivering a premature baby. We have concluded that counseling the patients about their risk factors is necessary, and the patients should be told that harmful social habits will have a huge impact on their baby, before or after the delivery.

Knowledge Regarding Symptom Management Among patient Undergoing Radiation Therapy: With A View To Develop One To One Sensitization

Background: - Cancer is a major disease burden worldwide. Global comparison shows that India has highincidence rates of cancer of oral cavity, oropharynx and cervix. Measuring the knowledge ofcancer patients with valid and reliable self rated questionnaires during and after cancer and itstreatment is therefore essential for identifying both transient and long-term effect. Materials and methods: - A descriptive study was conducted among 100 patients undergoing radiation therapy. Subjectwas selected using non probability purposive sampling techniques. The information wascollected using a demographic Performa and a self - administered questionnaire. Results: - The overall knowledge score was majority (42.0%) had average, (38.0%) had good,(11.0%) hadpoor and minority (9.0%)had good knowledge regarding symptom management of radiationtherapy. In this study there was significant (p&lt;0.05) association between knowledge score with age, education, presence of any harmful habits. Subjects were with the mean 2.56 ± 0.83, the mean % of 11.63 reveals that subjects were with average knowledge regarding symptom management

Determination of the most significant medical and social factors regarding disorders of the physical development of school students in the conditions of modern society

ABSTRACT. Physical development is an important criterion for children's health. During the period of children's growth, the action of micro and macro factors of society, which is changing, can have a significant impact on the formation of health and physical development. Therefore, the purpose of the work was to determine the medical and social factors related to violations of the physical development of schoolchildren in the conditions of modern society. Materials and methods. In accordance with the terms of the Declaration of Helsinki, an anonymous survey of students of a general secondary education institution in a large industrial city (376 schoolchildren) was conducted using a specially developed questionnaire that included questions about indicators of physical development (weight and height of the child), daily routine (including determining time spent on gadgets, spending free time), questions related to harmful habits and healthy lifestyle skills of schoolchildren, their physical activity, relationships in the family, as well as issues of self-assessment of one's own health and one's body (physical development). S. Kulbak's method was used to calculate the most significant medical and social factors influencing the formation of physical development. The results. It was established that the majority of schoolchildren had harmonious physical development (44.4% of students), disharmonious physical development was identified in 55.6% of schoolchildren, which was mainly due to body weight disorders (65.6%). The differences between the objective assessment (in accordance with the normative criteria of physical development) and the subjective assessment (by students) of one's own body as a result of physical development have been established. The most adequate to normative indicators is the self-esteem of children with excess body weight, and the most different - among students with low body weight, who in the vast majority of cases, evaluate their own body as "normal" (in 71.8% of cases). According to S. Kulbak's formula, among the calculated factors with the highest diagnostic coefficient of negative impact on physical development are: "material instability" as a reason for not following a healthy lifestyle (DC = - 10.0); lack of communication with parents on issues related to the state of health and the factors that shape it (DC = – 5.0); night sleep less than 6 hours (DC = – 5.0); lack of food in the educational institution during studies (DC = - 4.0); having experience using Vape, JUUL (DC = – 3.0); almost constant (more than 3-5 hours a day) computer use (DC = -5.0). Conclusions. It is advisable to use the identified features regarding the impact of medical and social factors on the physical development of school-age children for the introduction of preventive programs aimed at reducing the impact of negative factors, increasing the educational component of work with parents, as a criterion for early diagnosis of deviations in physical development.

Attitudes towards Tattoos among Spanish Health Science Students.

(1) Background: The aim is to ascertain health science students' attitudes towards tattoos and their association with healthy lifestyles and socio-demographic variables. (2) Methods: Descriptive study conducted on pharmacy, medical and nursing students (n = 423). To ascertain attitudes towards tattoos, we used the Attitudes Towards Tattoos Scale. Other variables were physical activity, healthy diet, harmful habits and socio-demographic variables. (3) Results: A total of 12.6% (95% CI 9.1-16.2) of students reported having a tattoo; 58.9% did not regard tattoos as a health risk. In terms of attitudes, the mean score in the range of 7-35 (7-most unfavourable to 35-most favourable) was 22.6 (SD 5.2; 95% CI: 22.0-23.2). Scores were higher (p &lt; 0.05) among women (23.1; SD: 5.3), persons aged &lt;20 years (23.6; SD: 5.0) and smokers (23.9; SD: 4.6). Attitudes were found to be more favourable (p &lt; 0.05) in nursing students than in pharmacy or medical students. No relationship was observed with physical activity, healthy diet or drug use. (4) Conclusions: The attitude to tattoos is most favourable among women, persons aged under 20 years and nursing students. In terms of health habits, attitudes are more favourable among smokers, regardless of their level of physical activity, compliance with healthy eating guidelines or consumption of alcohol or other drugs.

Експериментально-клінічне дослідження перебігу запального процесу м'яких тканин щелепно-лицевої ділянки на тлі хронічної алкогольної інтоксикації

The purpose of the study was to investigate, under experimental conditions, the peculiarities of the healing of infected wounds in experimental animals with long-term alcohol consumption; in patients with phlegmons of maxillofacial region against the background of alcohol intoxication, to evaluate the dynamics of hematological indices for determining the activity of the inflammatory process, predicting the course of the pathological process. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 16 female Wistar rats weighing 80 g. The animals were divided into 2 equal groups: group I – experimental, group II – control. The water for the rats of the experimental group was replaced with beer, the alcohol content of which did not exceed 6%. 6 weeks after the start of the experiment, 2 rats from each group were removed from the experiment and material was taken for histological examination, the remaining 12 rats were anesthetized and wounds were created on the lower lip by cutting out a fragment of the mucous membrane measuring 0.4 x 0.3 cm. After the wounds were created, the animals were removed from the experiment by overdose with ether anesthesia on the 3rd and 7th day, the wounds were photographed, the mucous membrane of the lower lip was taken for histological examination. Results. In the experiment, during the histological examination of the tissues of the lower lip of rats with a model process of beer alcoholism, deformation of the sweat and sebaceous glands of the lower lip, and thinning of the epithelial layer were revealed. The healing of infected wounds of the lower lip in experimental animals was slowed down against the background of replacing drinking water with beer, and an objective decrease in proliferative processes was established. In particular, on the 7th day in the subepithelial layer, mixed cellular infiltration with lymphocytes, single leukocytes and macrophages was maintained, at the same time foci of young granulation tissue appeared in animals of the control group, which indicated the healing process. A retrospective analysis of 50 case histories of patients with odontogenic phlegmons of the maxillofacial region, localized in one topographical and anatomical space, was conducted, 16 of them abused alcoholic beverages. Before the phlegmon opening operation, on the 5th and 9th days, hematological indices of activity were determined – the lymphocyte-granulocyte index, the leukocyte to erythrocyte sedimentation rate ratio. The lymphocyte-granulocyte index was significantly lower (by 3.3 times) in patients who abused alcohol. On the 5th day, a significant increase in the lymphocyte-granulocyte index was found in the group of patients who abused alcohol. The analysis of the leukocyte to erythrocyte sedimentation rate ratio showed an increase in indicators in patients with phlegmons from the normal level. In patients with alcohol intoxication, on the 9th day, a 2.6-fold increase in the leukocyte to erythrocyte sedimentation rate ratio was found compared to the indicators of practically healthy individuals and 2-fold compared to the group of patients without harmful habits (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion. According to hematological indices of inflammatory activity, it is possible to determine the degree of activation of the pathological process in patients, in particular, those who abuse alcohol, and to choose the tactics of treatment of phlegmon of maxillofacial region

The Role of Social Networks in the Early Detection and Prevention of Harmful Habits and Suicidal Problems

The Role of Social Networks in the Early Detection and Prevention of Harmful Habits and Suicidal Problems

ATTITUDES AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS TOWARD THEIR HEALTH

This article focuses on the attitudes of healthcare workers toward their health and the influence of socio-demographic characteristics and harmful habits (smoking, drinking alcohol) on them. According to the national projects “Demography” and “Public Health,” one of the key contemporary strategic goals is to increase average life expectancy, which requires ongoing interaction with the population to lower risks of developing certain diseases. This can be achieved through regular medical check-ups, breaking bad habits, and in a variety of other ways. It is assumed that the circulation of information and expert knowledge on the importance of good health practices will increase public attention to their health. The study of the behavior of expert groups is pertinent because of the low life expectancy among medical professionals and high interest in their healthcare practices among the public. Using Merton’s anomie theory as a framework, this article attempts to account for the differences in attitudes among healthcare professionals toward their health. We conducted a quantitative sociological survey among medical professionals who work for the Moscow Health Care System. This research allows us to determine the dispersion of various types of health attitudes, including attitudes toward medical examinations, adherence to bad habits, and their impact on healthcare practices among groups with expert knowledge. The results of this study demonstrate the effective influence of expert knowledge on attitudes toward one’s health.

Right Mindfulness in Teacher Education: Integrating Buddhist Teachings with Secular Mindfulness to Promote Racial Equity

Despite decades of reform efforts, disparities in schooling persist based on race, threatening the economic and social wellbeing of the United States. Why are there still significant opportunity gaps despite decades of reform efforts to curb inequities? For one, these efforts often overlook the internal habits of mind, or inner nature of inequity, and the ways in which educators may perpetuate racism through unexamined racial biases. Secular mindfulness and its Buddhist origins could help address these harmful habits of mind and transform systems by providing tools for educators to examine their internalized beliefs around race. Realizing the potential of these practices to combat racial inequities in the classroom requires building a stronger bridge between Eastern Buddhism and the individual psychological emphasis of Westernized mindfulness. This critical theoretical paper will examine opportunities for mindfulness interventions in the United States educational context to address inequities through a deeper integration with Eastern contemplative traditions. Implications for researchers and practitioners will be presented to explore how mindfulness practices in the West might be expanded and utilized in service of racial justice.

ODP203 Health Questionnaires are a Positive Behavioral Modifier In Patients with Impaired Blood Sugar In the African American Population.

Abstract Type 2 diabetes and its complications have a higher incidence in African Americans as compared to other racial groups (1). As per the American Diabetes Association, the prevalence of diabetes in non-Hispanic African American patients is 11.7% compared to 7.5% in non-Hispanic white patients. However, few studies have explored what can be done to spark a positive behavioral change leading to lower blood sugar. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if a patient filling out a health questionnaire has any impact on his or her habits by enhancing self-management and awareness to reduce HbA1c. Methods In an outpatient urban clinic, a prospective randomized study was conducted with African American patients with prediabetes with HbA1c 5.6 to 6.7. Patients were randomly assigned to either a survey group or a control group who did not take a survey. The survey included demographic information, weight, diabetes mellitus complication awareness, exercise frequency 3-5 days/week, eating habits, and self-perception. The patients in the survey group filled a follow-up survey 3-6 months later. Results The survey group had 50 respondents and 46 respondents who took the post-survey compared to the control group for which there were 50 respondents with 47 respondents in the control follow-up. In the survey group, 54% were males with an average age of 57 years. In the survey group, on followup HbA1c decreased (6.1 vs 5.7 p&amp;lt;0. 021), BMI decreased (32 vs 29.1 p&amp;lt;0.562), exercise frequency 3-5 days/week increased (10% to 35% p=0. 041), awareness of diabetic complication improved (15 to 74% p=0. 029), willingness to see a dietician increased (28% to 60% p=0. 038), and probability of reading nutrition labels increased (16% to 38% p=0. 058). In the control group, 58% were males with an average age of 56 years. In the control group, on followup HbA1c increased (6.1 vs 6.2), BMI increased (32 vs 33), exercise frequency 3-5 days/week increased (13% to 19% p=0.820), awareness of diabetic complication improved (12%to 16% p=0.673), willingness to see a dietician increased (29% to 38% p=0.340), and probability of reading nutrition labels increased (14% to 19% p=0.646). Conclusion Health questionnaires served as a positive behavioral modifier and helped patients identify and correct their harmful lifestyle habits. Patients in the survey group showed larger amounts of positive change compared to patients in the control group. Reference: (1) Marshall MC Diabetes in African Americans. Postgraduate Medical Journal2005;81: 734-740. Presentation: No date and time listed

Perception of the risk factors for oral cancer and access to preventive actions in the perspective of the population in street situation and health professionals Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil.

Backgroung: in Brazil, the homeless population is a phenomenon that involves a variety of factors that, among the most frequent, are: the rupture of family bonds, the inexistence of work and the absence or insufficiency of income and frequent use of alcohol and other drugs. Objective: to analyze the perception of oral cancer, its risk factors and preventive actions from the perspective of the homeless population and health professionals from the team Clinic on the Street in the city of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Methods: a qualitative study, developed through Content Analysis, carried out from January to April 2018, with the homeless population and health professionals’ team of Clinic on the Street in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Results: it was evidenced that the homeless population’ situation and the health professionals of Clinic on the Street have perception about the risk factors related to this aggravation, however the users are not concerned with preventive actions. The professionals of the team do not develop actions aimed at the prevention of the disease. From the perspective of the team and the users, preventive actions can be developed, however what is predominant is the accomplishment of punctual actions with emphasis on changing harmful habits. Conclusion: the homeless population and the professionals from Clinic on the Street are aware of the main risk factors for oral cancer. The team does not develop specific actions to prevent this disease and users understand the need for prevention. The difficulty of access and the period of return to the dental surgeon are factors that make prevention difficult.

Forming the development of a value relationship to a healthy lifestyle among future primary school teachers based on healthcare technology

The aim of this study is to obtain the opinions of prospective teachers in order to create the development of the value relationship between the healthy lifestyle and the value of future primary school teachers based on health technology. This research was created in accordance with the qualitative research method. The study group of the research consists of 25 teacher candidates studying in primary school teaching departments in various universities in Kazakhstan. The data collection tool for the research is the semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers. As a result of the research, future primary school teachers stated that they had a healthy lifestyle, balanced and healthy nutrition, regular exercise, avoided harmful habits like alcohol and smoking, avoided stress, protected mental and emotional health and acquired regular sleep habits. They stated that technological devices are used in the field of health, health technology shortens the healing process, facilitates health practices, saves time, requires professional application and use and increases awareness. Moreover, the majority of future primary school teachers stated that they strongly support the development of the value relationship with a healthy lifestyle based on health technology.&#x0D; Keywords: Healthy life, health technology, primary school teachers of the future;

A Review on the Impact of Heavy Metals on Female Fertility

In human health status, the quality of the environment plays an important role. With increased demand for industrial products, food, consumption by continuous growth of human population leads to excessive environmental contamination. The heavy metal group represents pollutants and in natural conditions these elements are not only decompose resistant but may also bio-magnify and bio-accumulate in the food chains which concerns with health problems, seriously connected with a annual emission rate globally. Environment exposure to the most comprehensively distributed pollutants like Cd, Pb, Hg and their contamination causes the main health hazards and at the same time heavy metals exhibits a high level of toxicity against living organisms. According to the considerable toxicological study report from the recent decades, the heavy metals adverse effect on human beings as immunodeficiency, kidney &amp; other organ failures, neurotoxicity, osteoporosis as well as latent involvement in impaired fertility. Epidemiologically and clinically, it is difficult to interpret the metal-induced effect on female reproduction as other factors are also involved. Toxic manifestations depend on intensity of exposure, timing and duration. The eco-toxicological and risk evaluation needs further critical investigation. Along with the implementation of law regulations for the emission limits, the development of awareness campaigns are also required to decrease the harmful habits &amp; lifestyle to develop the successful techniques for fertility protection.

The role of some external factors in the development of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia associated with Helicobacter pylori

It has been shown in several scientific works that Helicobacter pylori is not distributed uniformly in different countries of the world and that ethnic, geographical factors, genetic predisposition, sanitary-hygienic condition in the region and family, diet play an important role in its development. In this article, the level of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in the blood of patients was analyses in relation to on a number of external factors, in particular, harmful habits (cigarette smoking and nas consumption), eating habits, the presence of central water supply and sewerage at the place of residence. Moreover, it has been confirmed that negative factors cause an increase in the level of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in the blood.

Comparison of the Relationship between Temporomandibular Disorder and Oral Habits or Quality of Life in Dentistry Students in Different Years of Education.

To evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in dental faculty students in different years of education and investigate the relationship between TMD and oral habits or quality of life. The Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence and severity of TMD, the Oral Behaviors Checklist (OBC) questionnaire served to determine the severity of harmful oral habits/parafunctions and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life in a total of 452 dentistry students (269 women and 183 men) in different years of education. With regard to incidence of TMD, a total of 215 women had TMD (215/269, 79.9%), which was significantly higher than that in men (87/183, 47.5%) (P < 0.001). According to the OBC and OHIP-14 questionnaire results, harmful oral habits and quality of life showed a low to moderately significant correlation with TMD (P < 0.05). The Fonseca, OHIP-14 and OBC questionnaires allow early and inexpensive determination of oral habits that increase the prevalence of TMD. The prevalence of TMD in dentistry students at the clinical education stage is higher than those who have not progressed to the clinical education stage.