Harmful Habits Research Articles

Current Status of the Diagnosis and Management of Osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis has been defined as the silent disease of the 21st century, becoming a public health risk due to its severity, chronicity and progression and affecting mainly postmenopausal women and older adults. Osteoporosis is characterized by an imbalance between bone resorption and bone production. It is diagnosed through different methods such as bone densitometry and dual X-rays. The treatment of this pathology focuses on different aspects. On the one hand, pharmacological treatments are characterized by the use of anti-resorptive drugs, as well as emerging regenerative medicine treatments such as cell therapies and the use of bioactive hydrogels. On the other hand, non-pharmacological treatments are associated with lifestyle habits that should be incorporated, such as physical activity, diet and the cessation of harmful habits such as a high consumption of alcohol or smoking. This review seeks to provide an overview of the theoretical basis in relation to bone biology, the existing methods for diagnosis and the treatments of osteoporosis, including the development of new strategies.

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Related to Oral Health in First-Year University Students of the Paraíso Campus of the University of Costa Rica

People’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to health are built throughout life, particularly during childhood and adolescence, and they reflect the practices of their family and social circle. The aim of this study was to identify the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to oral health of first-year university students at the Paraíso Campus of the University of Costa Rica. This was done through a questionnaire of closed questions that would allow oral health educational strategies to be established in the future for this population group. For this purpose, a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted, where 70 first-year students of the Paraíso Campus participated in the first semester of the year 2019. For data collection, a survey of 22 closed questions on knowledge, attitudes, and practices about oral health was applied, and a score on oral health knowledge was subsequently performed, based on the answers to the questions. According to the results, the level of knowledge shown about oral health is low, since the average knowledge score (7.02 points) was less than half of the maximum score (17 points). The greatest deficiency in knowledge was evidenced in topics, such as, dental biofilm, gingivitis, use of fluorides, and the role of saliva. In addition, several practices that affect the condition of the oral cavity were identified, such as harmful habits, inadequate nutrition, and poor oral hygiene habits. In this study, a general lack of knowledge was identified regarding basic concepts of oral health in young university students, who are not clear about the role of some protective or risk factors related to the main oral diseases.

TUMOR BUDDING IN ORAL TONGUE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA BETWEEN YOUNGER AND OLDER INDIVIDUALS: A MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY

<h3>Objectives</h3> To morphologically analyze tumor budding (TB) in cases of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) between younger (<45 years-old) and older (≥45 years-old) individuals, correlating them with clinical parameters. <h3>Study Design</h3> The sample consisted of 60 cases of OTSCC, divided in 2 groups (30 cases in younger individuals and 30 cases in older individuals). Clinical parameters (harmful habits, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, clinical staging, management, outcome, and survival) were obtained from medical records. Morphologically, TB was classified using 3 scores: absence, presence of <15 focus, and ≥15 focus. Statistical analysis employed Fischer's exact test, with <i>P</i> < .05. <h3>Results</h3> There was a significant difference in harmful habits (<i>P</i> = .049), distant metastasis (<i>P</i> = .020), and clinical staging (<i>P</i> = .024) between younger and elderly individuals. TB was present in 63.3% of the sample (<i>n</i> = 38), predominantly with <15 focus, with no significant difference between age groups. There was no significant association of TB with any of the morphologic parameters. <h3>Conclusions</h3> It is suggested that OTSCC in older individuals is diagnosed in later clinical stages and with distant metastasis. TB is observed in OTSCC, independent of age group.

ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA IN THE VENTRAL SURFACE OF THE TONGUE: A CASE REPORT

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the minor salivary glands, which may uncommonly affect the ventral surface of the tongue. In this report, we describe the case of a 48-year-old female patient who was referred to us due to a swelling in the ventral of the tongue on the right side. The patient reported approximately 12 months growing history, and the intraoral exam revealed a normochromic painful tumor and submandibular lymphadenopathy. Her medical history was noncontributory, and no harmful habits were reported. The working diagnosis was salivary gland neoplasm, and an incisional biopsy, which revealed a gelatinous lesion yellowish in color, was performed. The histopathologic examination of the excised lesion revealed hyperchromatic cells surrounding cyst-like spaces in a cribriform pattern. Despite the unusual location, the final diagnosis was adenoid cystic carcinoma, and the patient was submitted to total excision of the lesion with surgical margins.

OW GRADE MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMA IN PALATE

A 65-year-old male patient presented for dental care reporting a "lump in the roof of the mouth for years." On physical examination, a papular lesion was observed in the transition region of the hard and soft palate, on the left side, measuring about 5 × 5 mm, with a similar color to the mucosa and floating consistency on palpation. In the anamnesis, the patient reported more than a 5-year evolution time, painless, no harmful habits, and no systemic changes. There was no radiographic alteration. Thus, the diagnostic hypotheses were aimed at benign/proliferative lesions. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the histopathologic report showed low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). As treatment, an excisional biopsy was considered, and the patient continues to be monitored by the head and neck surgeon. MEC is an aggressive malignant lesion and should be considered in conjunction with the diagnosis of benign/proliferative lesions of the salivary glands, especially on the palate.

POPULATION PROFILE IN ORAL CANCER PREVENTION CAMPAIGNS IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ-BRAZIL BETWEEN 2014-2018

<h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the profile of the population examined in oral cancer preventive actions. <h3>Study Design</h3> Between 1989 and 2018, health actions were taken in different cities of Paraná, Brazil. Clinical exams of individuals over 30 years of age were performed. A questionnaire was used for demographic, socioeconomic, and habits information. <h3>Results</h3> During the period, 1261 oral lesions were identified in 6314 individuals examined; 56.9% were female and 76.5% were White. Of these, 63.7% received less than 2 minimum wages, 17.4% did not go to the dentist, and 24.7% reported that only go with pain. Edentulism was observed in 37.5% of individuals. In relation to harmful habits, 76.5% reported being nondrinkers and 65.3% nonsmokers, and 10.6% were ex-smokers. In addition, 3.1% never heard of oral cancer prevention. A total of 1261 lesions were found; 31.8% were inflammatory and 31.2% traumatic. In relation to premalignant lesions, we found 12.8% of actinic cheilitis, 6.9% of leukoplakia, and 1.3% of lichen planus. We observed 6.4% of lesions suspicious for malignancy. All patients with lesion were referred for treatment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Oral cancer preventive actions are important not only to help in early diagnosis of oral cancer but also to make the population aware of the disease and provide information about prevention measures.

Immediate Implant Placement in Infected Sockets: Curettage Protocol Plus Disinfection with Hydrogen Peroxide and Rifamycin. Retrospective Analysis at 6 years of Follow-up

Context: Immediate implant placement in a fresh socket after extraction is an increasingly popular and established treatment option. However, active infection at the extraction site can adversely affect the outcome of this procedure. Aims: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical results of immediate dental implant placement in infected extraction sockets. Settings and Design: using a standardized protocol, which included the use of 3% hydrogen peroxide plus rifamycin 500 mg as irrigation for decontamination of the infected socket before implant insertion with submerged healing. Patients and methods: The sample consisted of 227 implants placed in 158 patients, the data were obtained through a retrospective review of the clinical registry selected of patients who received implants according to the protocol described. Statistical analysis used: A generalized binary response regression model was used. For all tests, the statistical significance value was set at p &lt;0.05. Results: Of the 227 implants placed immediately in the infected sites using the described protocol with an average follow-up of 6 years of prosthetic loading, only 11 failed, resulting in a cumulative implant survival rate of 95.2%. Only the medical history / harmful habits factor (HM / HH) was significant (p = 0.002), in this group the success rate was 85.7%. However, in the group of healthy patients without harmful habits, the success rate rises to 98.8%. Conclusion: Immediate implant placement in infected sites using these protocols in healthy patients shows a survival rate similar to that published for implants placed in non-infected sites.

«The Rules for &lt;i&gt;Terakoya&lt;/i&gt; School Disciples» by Sasayama Baian (late 17th century): Japanese text and Russian translation

The article contains a full Russian translation of «The Rules for Terakoya School Disciples» («Terako seikai shikimoku») written by the Osaka-based calligraphy teacher Sasayama Baian (late 17th century). This text was not only a list of school rules and moral teachings, but it also functioned as a model text to be copied by hand. It was republished many times in the 18th–19th centuries, gaining popularity as a text widely studied in terakoya schools. Japanese text and Russian translation presented in this article are based on the edition published in 1835. The work’s focus is not on handwriting techniques, but on the significance of mastering handwriting and on the proper behavior of disciples. The text’s author attaches great importance to the concept of the Human Way (hito no michi), that is rooted in Confucian ethics. Relationship between handwriting and human heart/mind (kokoro) figures prominently in this work. Its teachings cover various aspects of a disciple’s life: handling of writing utensils, interaction with teachers and classmates, diligence and concentration, etiquette, harmful habits, behavior in school and on the street. In general, this text clarifies what was approved and criticized in terakoya schools. This didactic text contains expressions written in the epistolary style (sōrōbun) that was used in letters and documents. The text is written in cursive style commonly used in the Edo period. This and other textbooks of the 17th–19th centuries can still be used for educational purposes. For example, it seems useful to read and copy them by hand following the practice of terakoya schools.

EDUCATION IN THE OTTOMAN HUMOR PRESS

Osmanlı basın hayatının ilk örneklerinden olan Takvim-i Vekayi, Tasvir-i Efkâr ve Tercüman-ı Ahval gazetelerinden itibaren modernleşme sürecinde Osmanlı basın hayatına birçok süreli yayın dâhil olmuştur. Özellikle İkinci Meşrutiyet döneminde sayısı hayli artan gazetelerin yanında mizah basınında da ciddi bir gelişme görülmüştür. Bu gazete ve mecmuaların bazılarının yayın hayatı kısa bir süre devam etmekle birlikte bazıları uzun bir süre faaliyetlerine devam etmiştir. Mizah temasıyla yayımlanan bu gazete ve mecmualarda devletin içinde bulunduğu siyasi, sosyal, kültürel vb. birçok konuda eleştirilere yer verilmekle birlikte maarif konusu da hicvedilen konulardan olmuştur. Öğrenciler, imtihanlar, maarif bürokrasisi, liyakat, personel düzenlemeleri ve devrin en önemli eğitim öğretim kurumlarından biri olan Darülfünun gibi konularda ağılık kazanan maarif alanındaki mizah örnekleri dönemin eğitim politikaları, bu politikaların yansımaları ve eğitim öğretim alanındaki sorunların anlaşılması açısından önemlidir. Zira mizahın güldüren tarafının yanında düşündüren özelliği söz konusu sorunların ifade edilmesinde önemli bir araç olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada 19. Yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren Osmanlı mizah basınında öne çıkan örneklerden hareketle maarif mizah ve eleştirileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda dönemin maarif hayatında karşılaşılan sorunların mizah basınında önemli tespitlerle ele alındığı görülmüştür. Bu açıdan bakıldığında maarif sahasında yaşanan problemlerin kamuoyuna aktarılmasında mizah basınının güçlü bir enstrüman olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çocukların zararlı alışkanlıkları, diploma sahibi olmanın bir liyakat ölçüsü olarak değerlendirilemeyeceği ve öğrenci talepleri dikkat çekici mizah örneklerindendir. Ayrıca maarif bürokrasisinin önemli figürlerinin gerek şahsi özellikleri gerekse düzenledikleri politikalar mizah basınının önem verdiği konulardan olmuştur.

Harmful alcohol habits did not explain the social gradient of sickness absence in Swedish women and men

&#x0D; Background: the aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and socioeconomic distribution of harmful alcohol habits in sick-listed women and men, and whether the social gradient in sickness absence could be explained by the socioeconomic distribution of harmful alcohol habits.&#x0D; Methods: this cross-sectional questionnaire study included newly sick-listed individuals (n=2 798, 19-64 years, 66% women) from Sweden. The outcome variable, self-reported harmful alcohol habits, was measured with the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test. Registered socioeconomic variables (education, income, occupational class) were explanatory variables with age as confounder and selfreported health, symptoms, mental wellbeing, and self-efficacy as mediators. Chi2-tests and logistic regression models were applied.&#x0D; Results: 9% of sick-listed women and 22% of men had harmful alcohol habits. Women with a low annual income (≤149 000 SEK) had higher odds ratios (OR=2.47; 95% CI=1.43-4.27) of harmful alcohol habits than those with ≥300 000 SEK/year. The significance of low income remained when mediators were introduced into the logistic regression model (OR=2.03, 95% CI=1.13-3.65). In the model including age, income was no longer significant. Men with low income were more likely to have harmful alcohol habits than men with high income (OR=2.59; 95% CI=1.45-4.62). When mediators were included low income remained significant (OR=2.88; 95% CI=1.56-5.31). Income was no longer significant when age was introduced. Education and occupational status were not significant.&#x0D; Conclusions: harmful alcohol habits were common among sick-listed women and men. The socioeconomic differences in harmful alcohol habits did not explain the social gradient in sickness absence.&#x0D;

Güvenli Okul Oluşturulmasına İlişkin Yerel Yöneticilerin Görüşleri

Bu araştırmanın amacı güvenli okulla ilgili mevcut aduruma ve olması gereken duruma ilişkin yerel yöneticilerin görüşlerinin belirlenebilmesidir. Araştırma fenemonolojik nitel araştırmadır. Veriler yarıyapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla elde edilerek tematik içerik analizi tekniğiyle analiz edilmiştir. Güvenli okula ilişkin mevcut durumun bir çok yerde sıkıntılı olduğu, kavga, zorbalık, okula erişimdeki kargaşa gibi durumların yaşandığı belirlenmiştir. Güvenli okulla ilgili olması gereken duruma ilişkin; okul içindeki kavga ve zorbalığın önlenebilmesi için fiziki ve sosyal açıdan etkili tedbirlerin alınması gerektiği, zararlı alışkanlıklarla mücadelede ailelerin bilinçlendirilmesinin önemli olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, okul içinde ve çevresinde kavga ve zorbalığın önlenebilmesinde tüm paydaşlarla işbirliği içerinde önleyici uygulamalara yer verilmesi, kantin ve yemekhanelerin ciddi denetimlerinin yapılması gerektiği görüşü ön plana çıkmaktadır. Sonuç olarak okulların yeterli düzeyde güvenli okul özelliğini taşımadığı, güvenli okulun oluşturulması için okul yönetimi ve tüm paydaşların eşgüdümlü olarak işbirliğiyle önleyici tedbirlerin alınması gerektiği görüşü benimsenmektedir.

Régi és új tűnődések a továbblépésről kilencven évvel a Magunk revíziója után

"Old and New Reflections on the Way Forward from the Crisis Ninety Years after the Revision of Ourselves. The topic of this paper is in line with the conference, which aims to bring together responses to crisis situations. The adjectives “old and new” in the title suggest that the impulses to move forward presented in the article come from different periods and that the questioning spans several eras. The point of departure and the basic text is Sándor Makkai’s 1931 book, Magunk revíziója (The Revision of Ourselves), followed in chronological order by Sándor Karácsony’s Ocsúdó magyarság (Awakening Hungarians), first published in 1942, and, finally, Eva Edith Eger’s book Decision, which was a bestseller for a few years. The first two authors, a Reformed theologian and a professor of pedagogy, seek a way out for Hungarians struggling with the crisis of minority fate and a mutilated country, while the third one, a Hungarian-born American psychologist who survived Auschwitz, uses the example of herself and her patients to show the universal possibility of moving on. Old and new reflections converge in the fact that when we examine the events of the past, it only makes sense to look in the mirror, to acknowledge and admit our own mistakes and errors because this gives us a chance to eliminate them, to overcome harmful habits. The past can be a deceptive mirage, and it can also enslave the retrospective, so it is worth considering the wise realization that we should not be enslaved by the actions of others, the movers of events independent of us, because they can pull us down like seaweed, paralyse us, plunge us into self-pity, perpetual victimhood, or the vortex of revenge. The secret of moving forward is to look to the future after self-examination, to seek the near and distant goals to which every small step, every task done with good cheer brings the pure-hearted, morally strengthened man – reconciled to God and man – closer. The survivors and those who move on are people of prospectivity, of diligent future building, rather than of a barren retrospective. Keywords: self-examination, spiritual revision, moving on from crisis situations, Sándor Makkai, Sándor Karácsony, Eva Edith Eger "

In Orienting Youth to Good Benefiting from the Principles of Futuwwa and Halvet der-Encümen

Gençlik, insan hayatının en dinamik ve heyecanlı dönemidir. Bu dönemin özelliklerinden&#x0D; olan dinamizm ve heyecan ise gençlerde olumlu ve olumsuz düşünceler, hedefler&#x0D; ve eylemlerin etkisini katlayıcı özelliğe sahip faktörlerdir. Gençlerin bağımlılıkla neticelenen&#x0D; zararlı ve kötü alışkanlıklara kapılmadan, kendilerini mutlu edecek olumlu hedeflere&#x0D; yönlendirilmeleri gerekir. Bu hedeflerden biri kariyer sahibi olmak, diğeri ve daha&#x0D; önemlisi ise manevî değerlere bağlı ve iyilik eksenli bir hayat anlayışını benimsemek&#x0D; olmalıdır. Bu iki hedefe ulaşmak için gençlerin terbiye esaslı bir eğitim alması gereklidir.&#x0D; Gençlerin kulluk görevinin farkında, ahlâkî donanıma sahip, zararlı alışkanlıklardan&#x0D; uzak ve halka yararlı işler yapan fertler olabilmeleri daima arzu edilmiştir. Bu hususta&#x0D; günümüz gençliğine yön verebilecek bir anlayış tasavvuf düşüncesinden uyarlanabilir.&#x0D; Bu düşünceden hareketle bu makalede önce merhametli, yiğit ve iyiliksever gençlerin&#x0D; yetiştirilmesi için tasavvuf kitaplarındaki fütüvvet tariflerinin önemi üzerinde durulacaktır.&#x0D; Bundan sonra ise yine gençlerin iyiliğe yönlendirilmesinde “halvet der encümen”, bir&#x0D; başka deyişle “halk içinde Hak ile olmak” ilkesinin yararına dikkat çekilecektir.

Knowledge of Environmental and Genetic Risk Factors for Cleft Lip and Palate among Dwellers of a Suburban Community in Nigeria

Background: Cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CLP) is a prevalent condition with a multifactorial etiology. An understanding of its etiologic factors discourages harmful habits and promotes societal acceptability.&#x0D; Objectives: To assess the knowledge of environmental and genetic risk factors of CLP and determine its effect on predisposing social habits in a suburban community in Nigeria.&#x0D; Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Ifo Local Government Area (LGA), Ogun state, Nigeria. Participants were adult residents of Ifo L.G.A. Knowledge of CLP categorized into description, environmental risk factors and genetic factors were assessed using a well structured interviewer administered questionnaire.&#x0D; Results: A total of 300 adults (104 males; 196 females) aged 44.3 + 13.17 years with predominantly secondary level education participated in the study. Majority of participants (89.7%) had low overall knowledge of CLP including low knowledge on description of CLP (81.7%), environmental factors of CLP (81.3%), and genetic factors of CLP (93.7%). High level of education was significantly associated with increased knowledge on description of CLP (P &lt; 0.05). No other significant association was noted between sociodemographic factors and knowledge of CLP. Decreased smoking history was associated with high knowledge on description of CLP (P = 0.043).&#x0D; Conclusion: Majority of the population had low knowledge of CLP which was to an extent influenced by their lack of high level of education. This low knowledge was significantly associated with increased practices of social habits such as cigarette smoking that predispose unborn children to CLP. The low knowledge of CLP shown in this study highlights the need for increased community education and health promotion to encourage avoidance of risk factors that predispose to the condition and promote societal acceptability and quest for treatment of the condition.&#x0D; Author&#x0D; U P Egbunah 1, A A Adekunle 1, W L Adeyemo 1 2

Современные факторы, определяющие состояние здоровья студенческой молодежи

Students belong to a special medical and social group. A risk of health disturbances is typical of this community. It is associated with the influence of various habitat and educational factors. The most significant factors have been determined based on the analysis of literature data. It is about high levels of stress and depression due to low physical activity, high level of psychoemotional stress during lessons and examination periods, irrational and irregular nutrition, social adaptation to a new habitat, which is often accompanied by acclimatization while moving for educational purposes, disorders of sleep and rest, harmful habits. Significant areas of development of self-preserving technologies for students were determined based on the obtained data. They can include as follows: examination of morbidity risk factors due to the educational period (from the first to the last educational year), assessing the effect of weather and climate conditions on the educational territory (examining the process of students’ acclimatization), determining the role (peculiarities) of academic process technologies as a health risk factor (long-distance learning technologies, certain educational program), examining the progression and technology optimizing students’ way of life at different stages of education, assessment of physical activity, influence on accessibility of educational programs, significance of using electronic devices and educational means, feeding trends (ethnic ones, conditions and possibilities of adherence to the principles of healthy nutrition), etc.

Heart Disease Prediction using Machine Learning

Abstract: The term "heart disease" refers to any heart disease or condition that can cause heart problems. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, taking many lives each year. CVD is a group of cardiovascular diseases and includes heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease and other conditions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 17.9 million people worldwide die each year from coronary heart disease. If we take the example of India, every year the number of deaths due to heart disease has increased. Studies show that, from 2014 to 2019 the number of deaths from heart disease increased by 53%. Many threatening factors such as personal and work habits and genetic predisposition are major causes of heart disease. A variety of harmful habits such as smoking, alcohol and caffeine overdose, stress, and inactivity as well as other physical factors such as obesity, high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and pre-existing heart conditions are the main causes of heart disease. Over time, these harmful substances cause changes in the heart and blood vessels that can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Therefore, prevention of heart disease is very important to prevent these dangerous events and other potential complications of heart disease. Machine learning is a flexible part of AI that helps predict heart disease. In this research work, we will use the UCI database with 14 attributes to predict heart disease. The main goal of this study is to use ML algorithms to improve the heart disease prediction system and to more accurately predict these diseases in patients, thereby reducing the number of deaths by alerting patients. Keywords: Heart Diseases, Classification Algorithms, Machine Learning, UCI dataset.

Occupational and speech therapists' perceptions of their role in dental care for children with autism spectrum disorder: A qualitative exploration.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have challenges in home oral care, accessing a dentist and accepting dental treatment. Occupational therapists (OTs) and speech therapists (STs) are likely to be involved earlier in managing communication, behavioural and sensory processing issues. To determine perceived issues, barriers and potential solutions to dental care for children with ASD in Singapore from the perspective of OTs and STs. Semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion involving OTs and STs who treat children with ASD were conducted. Audio recordings were transcribed and coded into themes using the NVivo 12 software. Emergent themes indicated that: (i) OTs and STs have important roles in recognition of issues with toothbrushing, oral pathology and harmful oral habits; (ii) OTs and STs were able to identify reasons for difficulties in oral home care for children with ASD and offer helpful strategies; and (iii) OTs and STs can play a role in pre-dental visit preparations but lack a clear dental referral pathway. OTs and STs exclusively assist in the early identification and referrals of children with ASD to the dentist. Interprofessional collaboration with dentists should be further explored to aid in the provision of preventive dental advice.

Physical, Psychological and Social Secondary Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkish University Students.

This study aims to investigate the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on university students and their families. A total of 274 students participated in this study. A questionnaire is developed regarding the physical, psychological, and social effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic, and sent to the students via e‐mail. According to the results of the study, students who contracted COVID‐19 experienced significantly higher musculoskeletal pain (MSP) (p = 0.01). Students with increased propensity for harmful habits experienced significantly more MSP (p = 0.01). Anxiety levels of students who experienced MSP were significantly higher (p = 0.01). Students living in an inadequate home environment were significantly more prone to harmful habits (p = 0.01). The anxiety level of the students who experienced domestic unrest was high (p = 0.02). The home environment of students with economic difficulties was significantly inadequate (p = 0.01). The anxiety levels of the students whose participation in sports and art activities decreased, were high (p = 0.04). The home environment of the students who reported that they were positively affected by distance education was significantly inadequate (p = 0.03). The authors suggest that physiotherapy, nutrition and psychological assistance services should be provided to students, scholarship opportunities and extracurricular activities (art and sports activities) should be increased.

Effects of Short Video Addiction on the Motivation and Well-Being of Chinese Vocational College Students.

While media use can be beneficial in some ways, excessive use of media has led to growing concerns about its potential negative consequences. With the popularity of Chinese video applications (apps) such as DouYin, TikTok, Kwai, and other short video apps sweeping through schools around the world. Due to the diversity and immersion principle of short videos, their popularity continues to grow, and the phenomenon of students being addicted to short videos also brings many hidden dangers to the learning effect. Among other things, the problem of excessive use of the Internet among Chinese youth has led the government to propose a series of control policies to strengthen the monitoring of harmful habits of youth in the use of online applications. In addition, the problem of youth addiction to short videos has become a major concern for education experts and the general public, thus demonstrating that short video addiction is indeed an ongoing research issue. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the causes of short-form video addiction and its impact on the psychology of learning, and to investigate the relationship between short-form video flow experience, short-form video addiction, intrinsic and extrinsic learning motivation, and learning well-being from the perspectives of flow experience theory and micro ecological systems. The questionnaire was sent via instant messaging software such as QQ and WeChat, and university students from vocational colleges in China were invited to complete the questionnaire. A total of 517 valid data were collected, including 222 (42.9%) were male students and 295 (57.1%) were female students. The collected questionnaires were analyzed for reliability and validity after removing incomplete data, followed by structural equation modeling for model verification. The findings showed that: (1) short video flow experience had a positive effect on short video addiction; (2) short video addiction had a negative effect on intrinsic and extrinsic learning motivation; (3) intrinsic and extrinsic learning motivation had a positive effect on learning well-being; (4) short video flow experience had an indirect negative effect on intrinsic and extrinsic learning motivation; (5) short video flow and short video addiction had indirect negative effects on learning well-being. According to the results, it is clear that addiction to short videos has a negative impact on learners' learning motivation and positive psychology of learning, so parents and teachers should effectively guide students to use short video apps in a self-controlled way.

Association study of NR5A1 rs1110061 with infertile male in 401 Vietnamese individuals

Male infertility is a reproductive issue involving defects in the quantity and quality of sperm. Besides the exogenous elements such as harmful habits, pollution, genetic factors including disorders in a single gene, group of genes, or chromosomes, are the etiology causing infertility in men. NR5A1 is well-known as a candidate gene involved in male infertility, including 46, XY disorders of sex development (DSD), cryptorchidism, micropenis, spermatogenic failure, non-obstructive azoospermia, and oligozoospermia. This study aimed to identify the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated with male infertility in the NR5A1 gene in a Vietnamese cohort of 202 infertile men and 199 healthy controls. By directly sequencing the coding region of the NR5A1 gene in 56 cases and 21 controls, only one missense mutation c.437G&gt;C (p.Gly146Ala; rs1110061) in exon 4 was found. The variant was detected in 34 patients, of which 27 were heterozygous (GC) and 7 were homozygous (CC). In the control group, 15 individuals carried this mutation, including 10 with heterozygous (GC) and 5 with homozygous (CC). To further investigate the association of the polymorphism NR5A1 rs11100061 with male infertility disease, we performed PCR-RFLP in 202 infertile and 199 healthy men to assess the genotypes and alleles. The results indicated that the distribution of the genotypes of the polymorphism was in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p-values &gt; 0.05). However, no association was detected between the polymorphism and male infertility (p-values &gt; 0.05).