Abstract
Objective. To analyze current recommendations of specialists on the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of women’s nutrition in the preconception period and during pregnancy and lactation. Methods. A literature search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, and e-library scientific databases for the period from 2012 to 2022 using the following search queries: “nutritional recommendations during pregnancy and lactation”, “nutrients in the diet of pregnant women”. Conclusion. There is now a global consensus on the daily intake of energy, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates during pregnancy. All pregnant women should avoid dehydration, control weight gain and physical activity, and take at least 0.4 mg of folic acid daily in the first trimester. Vitamins A, E, and C should not be regularly prescribed to pregnant women. Supplementation with vitamin D and micronutrients (iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iodine) is recommended to be administered differentially in various population groups with proven deficiencies. No national guidelines yet recommend probiotics during pregnancy. It is advisable to limit daily caffeine intake to 300 mg/day, to completely avoid harmful habits and toxic and unprocessed foods. Key words: pregnant women, diet, nutrients, nutrition, vitamins, micronutrients
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