Global Economic Processes Research Articles

Rural development and shifts in household dietary practices from 1999 to 2010 in the Tapaj\xf3s River region, Brazilian Amazon: empirical evidence from dietary surveys

English abstractBackgroundResearch on changing dietary practices is rare in lower and middle income countries, and understanding the impact of global economic processes on population health and nutrition is important, especially of rural communities. We analyzed the diet of 22 families in Brasília Legal, a riverside community in the Tapajós River region of the Brazilian Amazon, using nonparametric tests to compare dietary surveys taken in 1999 and 2010.ResultsData from the two surveys show that food obtained through commercial supply chains became more frequent in household diets, corresponding to significant increases in daily consumption of food items rich in energy, protein, and sugar. At the same time, there was a decline in traditional Amazonian food intake.ConclusionsComparing these results with household socio-economic characteristics and drawing on open-ended interviews, we consider the multiple influences that economic development processes may have had on local diets. The introduction of new income sources and employment opportunities, infrastructural and transportation expansion, as well as environmental change appear to have influenced the observed dietary shifts. Such shifts are likely to have important implications for the nutritional status of communities in the Amazon, highlighting concerning trade-offs between current development trajectories and human health. Public policies and health education programs must urgently consider the interactions between sustainable development priorities in order to address emerging health risks in this rapidly changing region.

El mezcal: <em>enfant terrible</em> de México. Estudio sociológico sobre la cultura y comercializacióndel <em>mezcal</em> en un contexto globalizado

Objetivo: dar a conocer a la lectora o al lector de habla hispana, particularmente de México, la investigación sociológica más completa que hay sobre el tema actualmente. Se considera relevante porque describe de manera precisa la dialéctica entre, por una parte, los procesos económicos globales y, por otra, sus bases y efectos en ámbitos locales, básicamente la creación de relaciones de subordinación de los productores, comprometiendo su identidad cultural y su economía, con un impacto ecológico negativo. Metodología: se trata de un amplio estudio sociológico que incluye aspectos históricos, antropológicos y económicos. Sin embargo, dada la naturaleza de su objeto, el estudio contempla conocimientos de otras disciplinas, como la agronomía, la industria alimentaria y la mercadotecnia. Además de una extensa investigación bibliográfica y documental, se basa en los métodos etnográficos, particularmente la observación participante y la entrevista, técnicas que puso en práctica en ámbitos locales en México, como en otros países. Resultados: describe los orígenes e historia de la producción y consumo del mezcal y el profundo significado que tiene para muchas comunidades rurales en México. Explica los efectos locales del ingreso del mezcal como producto comercial en el ámbito global, señalando particularmente las contradicciones y efectos perversos de ese proceso, tales como la desestabilización de las estructuras sociales y el daño ecológico locales, en virtud de la lógica de demanda de los mercados internacionales. Por otro lado, destaca la defensa legal, comercial e incluso política que los propios productores han tenido que llevar a cabo para salvaguardar la producción del auténtico mezcal en los ámbitos nacional e internacional, ante el riesgo de su adulteración con fines comerciales en beneficio de empresas transnacionales. Limitaciones: el estudio en sí mismo resulta bastante completo, sin embargo, podría ampliarse con un estudio más profundo y actualizado de la relación del mezcal con la industria del tequila. Así, resultaría muy interesante estudiar cómo, recientemente, la industria del tequila ha comenzado a mimetizar a la del mezcal, particularmente con el lanzamiento de marcas de tequilas cristalinos que evidentemente tratan de emular a los auténticos mezcales. Por otro lado, quizá la principal limitación del libro sea el mismo hecho de estar publicado en francés, pues una versión en inglés la haría más asequible a un público más amplio. Conclusiones: Domingo García Garza, nos ofrece un apasionante relato sobre el origen del mezcal en el “México profundo” y su significado incluso místico, su revalorización a través de la percepción extranjera, su inserción en los mercados transnacionales, la situación prácticamente de resistencia en que se han visto sus productores artesanales, la lucha política y jurídica por salvaguardar su carácter de patrimonio cultural y una interrogante sobre el futuro social, económico y ecológico de las comunidades en las que se produce ancestralmente. Pero, además, la lectura de Le mezcal: enfant terrible du Mexique constituye un ejemplo magistral de la puesta en práctica de los principios fundamentales de la investigación sociológica en su sentido más general.

Analyzing the impact of financial momentum on the development of the economy

Subject. The article discusses the momentum in finance. Objectives. The study reveals the impact of financial momentum as the unity of antipodes in the development of the national economy. Methods. The study is based on a systems approach and methods of descriptive statistics. Results. I discover the ultimate goal of globalization, i.e. the substantive simplification of national economies and strengthening of global economic ties. The goals determine the logic tendency of national economies for reducing the interest rate so as to gain the financial momentum and, consequently, fanning the crisis risk in the global financial system. The global financial system became the substance of global economic processes, which determined development opportunities of national economies. I reveal what countries have the high and low financial momentum. Conclusions and Relevance. Being the unity of antipodes in the modern economic development, financial momentum causes countries to lose their economic identity, making them just functions of the global financial system. The cyclical development model of national economies is replaced with the metron model that rests on fluctuating advanced economies with the low financial momentum at its bottom and emerging economies at its top. The findings crystallize the concept and new competencies for a person who decide on the determination and performance of financial regulation activities.

Globalization and India’s international trade: does distance still matter?

This paper attempts to capture the missing ‘distance’ puzzle in the globalization process driven by trade flows. It is widely recognized that the growing global economic integration process play a major role in the spatial restructuring of many countries at varying geographical scales. The paper illustrates a model of international trade flows that builds upon existing research on the geographies of global trade. Empirical results of the current study indicate that the basic and augmented gravity model provides a useful framework for understanding international trade. The evidence of map pattern in residuals across temporal scale is noted. The results further indicate the importance of distance in the Indian context. An identification of the patterns and determinants of India’s international trade with 87 countries suggests that potentially important differences in regional demands and country specific factors may impact the trade interaction over the years.

Küreselleşme ve Güncel Sanat Sorunlarının Odağında Bir Sergi: Magiciens de la Terre

Bu çalışmada 1989 yılında Paris’te düzenlenen Magiciens de la Terre (Yeryüzünün Büyücüleri) başlıklı sergi ele alınmıştır. Dünyanın Batılı ve Batılı olmayan parçalarında üretilen güncel sanat örneklerinin bir arada gösterildiği ve çok-kültürlülük olasılığının sınanması bakımından küratöryel tarihin en önemli kırılma noktalarından biri olarak görülen bu sergiye çeşitli açılardan değinilmiştir.Küresel çapta birçok değişimin yaşandığı, yeni tip sanatçı ve küratörlerin ortaya çıktığı bir dönemde gerçekleştirilen Yeryüzünün Büyücüleri’nin öncelikle küreselleşme ile olan ilişkisi ve ilkeleri küresel sermaye güçleri tarafından belirlenen ekonomik ve kültürel küreselleşme süreçlerinin güncel sanat pratiklerini nasıl etkilediği irdelenmiştir.Batılı ve Batılı olmayan sanatçılara ait yapıtların, aralarında herhangi bir hiyerarşi kurulmadan yan yana gösterilmesini sağlaması ve ulusaşırı bir miras bırakması açısından gerçek anlamda dünya çapındaki ilk sergi olarak değerlendirilen Yeryüzünün Büyücüleri’nin güncel sanat üzerindeki etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Yerelde şekillenen ancak enternasyonal olmayı başaran bir sanat vizyonunun gerçekleştirilip gerçekleştirilemeyeceğine ilişkin soruya yanıt arayan bu sergi incelenirken, post-kolonyal süreçte gelişen yeni yaklaşımların yansımaları olarak nitelendirilebilecek yapıtlar yorumlanmış ve sergiye yönelik çeşitli eleştirilere değinilmiştir.

Complicating notions of violence: An embodied view of violence against women in Honduras

Feminist geographic analysis has demonstrated that violence inflicted on women is embodied, experienced and personal and at the same time, linked to global socio-political and economic processes and patriarchal norms. Consequently, violence is a complex system instead of a norm located in certain places. In heavily militarised societies, patriarchal power regimes are even more prevalent because states’ security strategies promote a masculinist understanding of protection as to who should be protected and by whom – and from what. This study draws on feminist geopolitical analysis and explores how feminist activists in Honduras experience and resist violence in their everyday lives. The research is grounded in interviews, focus-group discussions and participant observation with Honduran activists. The findings demonstrate that violence and its effects are first embedded in women’s everyday lives through feelings of fear and unsafety on the streets, at the workplace and at home. Second, violence operates through structures and institutions such as the military and police, impunity for violence against women and the juridical restriction of reproductive rights. Third, the internationally financed war on drugs and ‘development’ projects contribute to violence, thus, there is a link between intimate experiences of violence and global economic and military powers that sustain violence. Activists therefore argue that, for their needs, the state’s and international organisations’ security approaches are inadequate. The paper weaves together feminist visions of collective self-care and discusses activists’ strategies against violence. This study contributes to a growing feminist geographic scholarship linking women’s bodily experiences with violence and responds to calls for complicating notions of violence.

Vectors of Development of the Modern Market Economy

In order to reflect the essential, debatable and problematic aspects of the newly emerging vectors of socially oriented development of market economy in the countries and regions of the post-Soviet space, the article presents a generalized analytical material on the results of reports, speeches and debates at the VII International scientific-practical conference “Тhe Phenomenon of Market Economy: From its Origins to the Present Day”. It focuses on the methodological research positions of dialectical and systemic approach and takes into account the various points of view of prominent modern domestic and foreign scientists and economists on the evolutionary and transformational aspects of the market economy in the past and present. In the context of modification by the authorities of the fundamental beliefs of the alternative paradigms of economic science and political economy, we considered the peculiarities of the dialectic of the reproduction mechanism of the market economy and gave the evaluative characteristics of this current global economic phenomena and processes, which are now often referred to as “fake”. We also showed the newly emerged prerequisites and tendencies of increasing political risk in the conditions of the international competition of subjects of the market system of management. The authors paid particular attention to the understanding of the theory and practice of publicprivate entrepreneurship, positive and negative aspects of the policy of import substitution. Finally, we substantiated the scientific and practical proposals and the vision of the original solutions in the field of such urgent problems of the modern market economy development in Russia and the post-Soviet space as ensuring the all-inclusive digitalisation of business processes and overcoming the consequences of the increased economic sanctions.

Global Economy: New Risks and Leadership Problems

After the global crisis of 2008–2009, the world economy entered the era of restructuring. This article focuses on the risks that a new leader will face in the process of shaping the world economy. The methods employed in the research include big data processing of continuous change and the results of the symmetric macroeconomic analysis based on the statistics collected by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), The Word Bank (WB), Bank for International Settlements (BIS), Central banks and Treasuries. The study results proved that the recessionary processes, their depth and global nature, are caused by a combination of world financial system crises and general civilization problems. These new systemic risks for the world economy might result in new global crises that will limit the resources of international financial institutions for sustainable development. Besides, for most banks these crises will mean shifting a big share of derivatives to the off-balance liabilities, using Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) in deals, followed by an increase in state and corporate debts, trade wars, a slowdown of economic development in China, and widening contradictions between global and national finances. Regular research and systematization have developed certain guidelines for the global economic restructuring process. First of all, it is recommended on the base of interstate compromises to focus on international agreements to ensure a solid foundation for global finance. On the basis of the comparative analysis carried out for the USA, China and other counties, it was made clear that no one leader in world economy in 21st century views the world reserve as based on the currency of one country only. Instead, there will be a slow transition to using Special Drawing Rights (SDR) with a basket from 15–20 currencies G20.

Research on the Utilization Mechanism of High-end Innovative Talents in China

In recent years, the process of economic globalization and information globalization has been speeding up, which has brought unique development opportunities to China. However, talents, especially high-end talents, play an increasingly important role in social development. Therefore, to achieve sustainable development and enhance innovation ability, we must strengthen the cultivation and utilization of high-end innovative talents, and provide talent guarantee for transformation and development. First of all, this paper analyzes the current situation of the utilization mechanism of high-end innovative talents in China, and points out that there are some problems in the utilization mechanism of high-end innovative talents in China, such as the traditional thinking constraining the development of talent mechanism, the large loopholes in talent management system, the lack of implementation of talent incentive mechanism, and the overall strength of talent training mechanism Weak, lack of talent security and development mechanism, etc., and elaborated the background and reasons of the problem, and then put forward effective suggestions and measures. Starting from the management mechanism, incentive mechanism, security mechanism, development mechanism, training mechanism and other aspects, this paper puts forward specific improvement measures for the current problems in the utilization of high-end innovative talents in China, which has important practical significance.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ОЦІНКИ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЇ

The article is devoted to substantiation of scientific and organizational approaches to the formation of the bases and elements of assessing the competitiveness of the national economy of Ukraine in the context of further globalization of economic processes. The object of study is the regulatory and methodological support for assessing the competitiveness of the national economy. The purpose of the work is the justification of modern mechanisms as effective means of regulating competitiveness in the formation of a long-term economic and social development strategy. The research method is a theoretical and logical justification of competitive processes at the macro level. The processes of the active introduction of Ukraine into world economic relations put forward the most important task - ensuring a long-term competitive position in international markets. The article summarizes the experience in the context of the role and place of the legislative base and effective factors in the system of assessing the competitiveness of national economies of different countries. It is proposed to amend the current legislation of Ukraine on competitiveness, taking into account new approaches in the definitions of such concepts as “competition» and “competitiveness» with a further emphasis on an essential understanding of these categories when determining the sequence of influence of various groups of factors and mechanisms on prioritizing national processes and tasks in the Strategy of economic and social development of Ukraine in the context of ensuring a long-term sustainable competitive position national economy in the context of further globalization. The results of the study can be implemented in the system of scientific foundations for the formation of the competition policy of Ukraine. Predicted areas for possible further research are the search for effective mechanisms for the formation of a competitive strategy for the national economy of Ukraine. KEYWORDS: COMPETITIVENESS, NATIONAL ECONOMY, GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS INDEX, FACTORS OF NATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS.

Harmonization of the human resource audit in the field of international practice

The article explores the possibilities and problems of the process of harmonization of the HR audit in the field of international practice, taking into account the specifics of the market environment of Ukraine. The views of different authors on the problem of HR auditing were investigated. The idea was justified that the harmonization of accounting and financial reporting of economic entities is closely linked with the globalization of economic processes and the economy as a whole on a global scale, the processes of informatisation and digitalization of society, the same as for HR processes. During considering the concept of “HR audit” it should not be forgetting about the legislative component — HR audit is aimed, inter alia, at identifying violations with the law for timely management of weaknesses in the policy of the enterprise in the field of labor. Categorization of observations by impact of importance (high-risk, medium-risk, low-risk — categorization) was investigated; examples for high-risk observations (on the example of: workforce planning, service contract modalities) and medium-risk (on the example of: recruitment process governance, alignment of strategy and work plans, HR functional capacity in Country Offices, talent acquisition in Cos, recruitment processes in Cos, employee on-boarding, training and separation, national non-staff salary scales and pay adjustments, staffing and structure review exercises, social security transfers to service contracts, automation, information and data management, oversight of HR functions in Cos) are given in consideration with agreed actions of HRM and auditor. The ratings (satisfactory, partially satisfactory or unsatisfactory) of an HR audit that are part of the system of evaluating the adequacy of company’s audit risk management, control and governance processes were investigated. The point that the human resource auditing is something that many companies do annually, just as they audit their financial information (despite of their field of activity) is overlined in the article. The harmonization of the HR audit in the field of international practice is a process of unification of methods and principles of auditing in the form of standards is observed.

Company’s strategic success as the basis of its potential sustainability

The study of corporate sustainability is becoming more relevant in the world economy, thus the connection between global economic processes and political, environmental and society problems was revealed by authors. Given research is devoted to the analysis of the processes of sustainability of Ukrainian and foreign companies. The results of studies of scientific works and interviews with different countries businessmen showed that the sustainable development of the same company should be considered in several directions, namely, in economic, social and environmental. Supporting new institutional concept research that focuses on the sector problems of company’s stability, we have compared theories of corporate sustainability and corporate social responsibility and highlighted the economic dimension as a basis of company’s sustainable development. As a result of our research in economic directions of corporate sustainability the Methodology of evaluation of company’s sustainability potential was proposed. The suggested methodology can ensure corporate sustainability for the strategic period. Proposed in the paper methodology assesses the strategic potential of company’s success, its competitive status and capacity potential, and transform capabilities into competitive advantages. The implementation of the Methodology of evaluation of company’s sustainability potential, according to authors view point, can be proposed as the basis of strategic management in forecasting and planning processes in industrial companies.

Стан та перспективи використання комп’ютерних технологій в обліково-аналітичній роботі вітчизняних підприємств

Globalized information has become one of the most important factors in increasing the productivity of an enterprise, and information technologies are a prerequisite for its effective functioning. The purpose of the article is to assess the state and determine the prospects for the development of the use of computer technologies in the accounting and analytical work of Ukrainian enterprises. The main aspects of the introduction and use of modern computer technologies in the accounting and analytical work of enterprises were investigated. The phenomenon of computerization of accounting was highlighted as one of the most important areas of increasing the efficiency of enterprises in modern market conditions, largely due to the processes of economic and digital globalization. A comprehensive assessment of existing accounting software products was carried out, the main functional capabilities of computer programs for conducting accounting and analytical work of enterprises were analyzed and their average cost of implementation was determined. It was determined that the automation of the accounting and analytical process allows the enterprise to save its own resources and to receive benefits. Among these are saving time, making tasks more efficient, and having more accurate analytics. Other than these, however, reducing costs is one of the significant benefits that companies and accounting firms experience as they embrace the latest technologies to optimize processes. Considerable attention is paid to the list of software requirements for automation of accounting, analysis and audit of enterprises. A number of main problems faced by enterprises at the stage of development, use and implementation of computer programs in the accounting and analytical process have been identified. The trends and prospects for the use of software in the accounting and analytical work of Ukrainian enterprises were determined. Current accounting trends tell us one thing: digitization is as ubiquitous in the accounting sector as it is anywhere else, but human roles remain just as relevant. Another development that will define accounting practice in the future is the growing acceptance of remote work in the field.

Організація управлінського обліку на вітчизняних підприємствах у рамках системи обліково-аналітичного забезпечення управління

The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and practical approaches to the organization of management accounting on the basis of its own paradigm of accounting and information support for making effective decisions on strategic management of the enterprise. Problems of the organization of the administrative account at the domestic enterprises are defined. The results of scientists' research on the choice of technologies / tools for the organization of management accounting, which provide more opportunities for the analysis of accounting and analytical information, increase the speed of its receipt, are generalized. The necessity of building management accounting in the accounting and information system of the enterprise is researched. The authors allocate the concept of accounting and analytical support and accounting and analytical information as one of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of enterprises in modern market conditions, which are largely due to the processes of economic and digital globalization, ensure the interaction of different departments of any enterprise. It is substantiated that the main functions of accounting and analytical support are accounting, analytical and information. Emphasis is placed on the list of accounting software products for their role in the accounting system of the enterprise. The stages of construction of management accounting, their influence on the formation of business strategy in modern enterprises are determined. The advantages of using financial and non-financial indicators of the enterprise, the relevant approach, which will perform management functions in order to make managerial decisions by type of activity, are analyzed. It is examined that the organizational support of the functioning of management accounting involves the redistribution of roles between services (departments), which belong to the information section of the organizational structure of enterprise management. The organization of management accounting in the accounting and information support of the enterprise management system is proposed to be carried out on the basis of the developed model. A number of advantages that the modern organization faces at the stage of organization of management accounting are determined, the corresponding generalizations, conclusions and offers are made. The necessity of further improvement is substantiated and the main purpose of management accounting at the enterprises at the present stage of development of a market society is defined.

Analyzing the Effect of the COVID-19 on the Global Economy: A Case Study of Its Influence on Africa’s FDI and Foreign Exchange Inflows

The global economy has taken a major hit due to the grave effect of the spread of COVID-19. Developed countries are struggling to sustain their economies and this gives an indication of the current state of developing and underdeveloped nations. The closure of businesses and the laying off of some workers, coupled with the closure of some international air and sea ports indicates the stagnation of global economic growth and process with a forecasted massive recession. The local governments of various countries have collectively inputted strategic efforts to supplement the situation with diverse financial relief funds and fiscal assistance policies. The GDP of the global economy is predicted to shrink by 5.2% according to the minimum economic forecast predictions (World Bank, 2020). The severity of the pandemic will undoubtedly leave a negative and uninspiring blueprint on the face of the global economy. The pandemic like a binocular has exposed the multifaceted cracks in the various economy sectors and their unpreparedness for global storms such as this. Foreign Direct Investment and foreign exchange inflows into the continent of Africa have been stable on average over the years; however, the current state of the global economy predicts a sharp fall which will not easily recover until there has been a full recovery. This gives a baseline forecast of the adverse effect of the pandemic on the African soil as well as other developing and underdeveloped countries and regions globally. Therefore, various governments within the continent must develop and implement breakwater policies such as intra-regional integrations as well as strong international relations that will help hedge against and cushion the effect of another global storm. This paper seeks to analyze the effect of the pandemic on the global economy, a case study of its influence on Africa’s FDI and foreign exchange inflows.

“Fanatic Energy in the Wrong Places” : Potemkin Neoliberalism and Domestic Soft Power in the 2018 Men’s Football World Cup in Russia

This thesis uses the 2018 World Cup in Russia to engage with the processes of neoliberal restructuring and the conception of soft power. Based on a comparison of the host cities of Ekaterinburg and Volgograd, it unpacks the World Cup at multiple scales of analysis and offers a light and revisable framework for understanding mega-events. Grounded in primary qualitative and secondary documentary data, the thesis demonstrates multiple dimensions of Potemkinism in the articulation of this World Cup. Inspired by but moving beyond traditional post-colonial thought, it attempts to make good on the premise of theorizing from anywhere, making a case for the relatively invisible cities of the Global East in a landscape of urban theory dominated by the hegemonic North or the subaltern South. This ambition represents the overall frame for the thesis, while the work itself focuses more specifically on the planning and impacts of hosting the World Cup. This work is composed of two central thrusts. Within an understanding of mega-events as fundamentally urban events, the first thrust explores hosting as the vanguard of neoliberal restructuring, one of the traditional means of making sense of mega-events. In this view, bidding and hosting are seen as a strategy for inter-urban competition and a ploy to attract increased flows of tourists and capital. This is understood as one of the markers of a shift to a more entrepreneurial mode of urban governance and is part of wider global political economic restructuring that de-emphasizes the national in favor of regional or municipal scales. Using Neil Brenner’s conceptualization of rescaled competition state regimes, this part of the thesis explores how rescaling worked on the ground in Russia and demonstrates that these processes of neoliberalization are not as easily understood as they might first appear. Instead, what is revealed in the articulation of the Russian World Cup is a seemingly paradoxical combination of national state-led projects to develop the peripheries in regionally and municipally specific ways, for the purposes of interurban differentiation and competition. The thesis proposes the notion of Potemkin neoliberalism to make sense of these seeming paradoxes and, further, traces some of the uneven developments within the host cities. This is framed within an emphasis on the superficial rather than the substantive, meaning an attention towards aesthetics and appearance rather than on structural reforms and durable infrastructural improvements. The second thrust investigates Joseph Nye’s notion of soft power, which is another traditional way of understanding the rationales for hosting mega-events. Soft power analyses typically frame hosting through the lens of foreign policy, a view that tends to ignore the domestic component entirely. Separate from this, some mega-event studies focus on hosting as a strategy for nation- or identity building, but typically these do not situate this domestic concern within the conceptual apparatus of soft power. Combining these two approaches, this thesis takes the Russian World Cup as a primarily domestic affair, both to develop the urban peripheries (as demonstrated in the first thrust), and to inculcate certain soft power narratives within the domestic population. Conceptualizing the narrative project as soft power allows a tracing of each element in the soft power equation: narrative generation, the mechanisms of distribution, and the reception (or lack thereof) among host city residents. This is presented as discursive Potemkinism, whereby a certain set narratives were promoted as the official way to understand the mega-event, though with little attention to the realities underneath. Finally, the thesis explores the final element in the soft power equation – the impacts on host city residents – through an attention to the micro level of everyday life. In this, it engages with de Certeau and Lefebvre to create a spectrum of tactics employed by residents to disalienate themselves by various degrees from World Cup developments. The thesis emphasizes the individual and the quotidian to offer a more nuanced, human level approach to understanding mega-event-led urban development. Situated in a relational comparative urbanism that valorizes the Global East, these two thrusts represent the core contributions of this monograph. Overall, the thesis presents an investigation of the 2018 men’s Football World Cup that takes stock of global political economic processes, Russian national state spatial strategies, uneven municipal developments, the creation and distribution of soft power narratives to the domestic audience, and the adoption, reworking, or outright refusal of those narratives among host city residents.

Аналіз міграційних потоків з України до ЄС

The article reveals the basic concepts of international migration, the types are given, analyzes scientific approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "international migration". It has been established that international migration helps to optimize the distribution of human capital and reduce interregional differences, and improves the functioning of the labor markets of host countries and countries of origin. The article analyzes the indicators of international migration of citizens from Ukraine to EU member states, analyzes the EU migration policy in modern conditions and determines the influence of the process of formation of the common migration policy of the European Union on Ukraine. The authors investigated the essence and general aspects of migration processes in Ukraine, which leave a significant impact on the economic, social and demographic situation in the country. This issue is very relevant, since the intensity of migration processes in the world is becoming more and more high. Under the influence of processes in the world economy, the causes of migration change over time, in the modern realities of the world economy new features of migration appear, which is facilitated by a wide range of phenomena covering various aspects of global economic processes.

Approaches to Assess the Impact of Global Trends of International Logistics Companies’ Activities

Transportation holds an important position in the context of global economy and international business, as its use is necessary to create interconnections and new processes within various economic systems. The following factors are to be taken into account in order to increase demand for transportation services: economic growth, increase in production and sales, rise in profitability, globalization, integration of international markets and emergence of new approaches to logistics itself. There is a need to increase efficiency and competitiveness of transportation services. The parties involved in the process have to solve the problems concerning their technological, technical and commercial interaction. To provide the organizations engaged in transportation with an opportunity to perform their functions in a qualitative manner, there is also a need to form market segments of transportation services. The steady growth of foreign trade between countries, the increasing influence of global economic processes on the activities of firms provide for the logistics companies to seek the ways to cut costs and to build up competitive advantages. The analysis of export and import statistics shows an increase in foreign trade between the European and Asian countries which makes it necessary to draw attention of logistics companies to new, “faster” transport corridors. The Northern Sea Route is now under close scrutiny by many countries, even outside the pool of circumpolar states. The authors developed certain stages of assessment of the impact of global trends on the activities of international logistics companies within the framework of the problem under study.

Proactive industrial policy as the main strategy for improving Russia’s competitiveness in the context of global economic processes

An effective industrial policy in the context of globalization is becoming increasingly possible thanks to the use of a proactive strategy based on the principles of the New knowledge economy. It is not so much import substitution and support for extensive production that comes to the fore, but rather the strengthening of quality potential, primarily in the field of IT, innovation and education as the main sphere of human capital creation. Purpose of this article is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of Russian industrial policy and to show that only a proactive industrial policy can achieve the best results in a modern innovative economy. The authors use research methods such as an analysis of the theoretical aspects of an effective industrial policy of the future using soft power tools based on the concept of economic security, as well as an analysis of Russian experience in this area. This analysis is based on data from statistical indicators of industrial policy and assessment of import substitution coefficients. Based on this, the authors conclude that the success of the import substitution policy directly depends on whether it is an immanent part of economic policy or is carried out solely for political reasons.

Irriducibilmente nuragici: cronache dall'isola che non c'è(ra)

This paper focuses upon some manipulation/invention practices of the prehistoric past in Sardinia in relation to the dynamics of construction of memory identity. Within the framework of global economic processes, linked to cultural tourism, it will be examined the relationships between the forms of historiographical imagination conveyed by these products, the identity rhetorics of the political-intellectual field and the cultural heritage management policies promoted by local authorities.