Genre Forms Research Articles

Ćwiczenia (z) emocji w prozie dla młodzieży Joanny Jagiełło

The article describes the literary series by Joanna Jagiełło, which consists of four novels: Kawa z kardamonem (2011), Czekolada z chilli (2013), Tiramisu z truskawkami (2016), Mleko z miodem (2019), included in the publishing series “Plus Minus 16”, published by the Literatura Publishing House in Łódź. The author examines the hybrid genre form of the works belonging to the series, the disappearance of the traditional paradigm of novels for girls as an expression of the 21st-century transformations of literature for young people. In the second part of the article, the author focuses on the ways of shaping and modeling the emotions of the readers of the series at the editorial level (cover designs, artwork, blurbs, paratextual elements). Then, she proceeds to discuss literary texts, using the findings of representatives of relevant studies (including J. Papuzińska, J. Tabaszewska, M. P. Markowski). The author focuses her attention on the “affective condition” of the heroes of the novel, as well as on the conceptualization of simple and complex emotions.

HYBRID SPECULATIVE FICTION AS A GENRE PHENOMENON IN MODERN LITERATURE OF THE U.S. AND RUSSIA

The article is devoted to theoretical exploration of modern hybrid speculative fiction. This term comprises a huge body of creative works which are written at the intersection of genres related to speculative prose. On the one hand, hybrid speculative fiction is rooted in post-modern epoch, on the other hand, it returns to the principles of hybrid genre genesis, which flourished at the beginning of the 20th century. The tendency to genre eclecticism is a common feature of a great number of modern creative works and seems to be an efficient way out of conceptual crisis emerged in speculative fiction at the close of the 20th century, that is why the future development of speculative fiction is expected to be closely connected with the expansion of hybrid genre forms. The overall goal of the article is to scientifically comprehend hybrid genres in modern speculative fiction of the United States and Russia. The investigation of hybrid speculative fiction as a genre and cultural phenomenon leads to setting three goals. Firstly, it is necessary to determine genre taxonomy of such genres of traditional speculative fiction as science fiction, fantasy, and horror. Secondly, it is necessary to investigate genre-forming models, which underlie modern hybrid works. Thirdly, it is important to understand common features of the works of hybrid speculative fiction. The study of the genre interaction in modern speculative fiction is based on the descriptive and functional methods. The comparison of Russian and American works involves the use of comparative, typological and cultural-historical methods. Using the genre blocks common for both literary criticism, readers’ expectations and publishing practice, it is possible to identify such genre-forming models of hybrid speculative fiction, as: science fiction+fantasy; science fiction+horror; fantasy+historical novel; fantasy+postmodernist novel. It is also possible to sum up such common features of the works of hybrid speculative fiction, as: irrational world outlook; distortion of the very structural basis of traditional science fiction; shift of sociocultural model of world outlook; polyphonic principle of narration and potentially an endless unravelling of the plot without a pronounced climax; postclassical narrative model; the complexity of storyline. To conclude, modern hybrid speculative fiction can be treated as a separate literary and sociocultural phenomenon in the literature of the U.S. and Russia. It destroys inner canons of traditional science fiction, it is deeply influenced by post-modern cultural paradigm, and could be described as a significant cultural movement, which is aligned with demands and values of modern society.

Aphorism in the Circle of Small Text Forms in Oral, Written and Electronic Discourses

Aphorism, despite its antiquity and universality as a speech genre, still does not have a generally accepted understanding of its properties as a small text form and characteristics of its place among other types of miniature texts. The object of the study is to determine the nature of the relationship between aphorism and small text forms that function in existing types of discourse (oral, written, electronic). Research methods - heuristic, descriptive, linguistic text analysis, structural-semantic modeling and discourse analysis. The material for the study covers both aphoristic units as separate texts and as structural elements of nonaphoristic texts - a total of about 100,000 aphorisms from more than 300 reference, literary and other sources. As a result of the study, it was found that aphorism is not a specific type of text, since it can be equally successfully generated and function as different text forms in different types of discourse (oral, written, electronic). Aphorisms can be literary sayings (classical and modern varieties), and literary works-miniatures (including their national varieties), and one-phrase texts (in most of their discursive and genre forms), and paremiological units (proverbs, folk signs, jokes, etc.). In relation to all existing varieties of small text forms, it is advisable to consider the concept of aphorism either as a categorical one (if we are talking about miniature texts that have a differential sign of aphorism - a generalized universal content), or as a classificatory one (if we are talking about the entire corpus of miniature texts in the sense of their differentiation into two categories of units - “aphorisms” and “non-aphorisms”). Aphorisms cannot be involvedr into paradigmatic relations with those small text forms (apophegms, chryas, wellerisms, etc.) that have a superphrasal structure and are capable of including aphorisms as compositional elements.

The world of things in traditional Chinese painting

The relevance of the article. The formation of genre and the principles of genre classification in the art of East Asian countries is one of the least researched problems in the theory and history of art. It is generally accepted that still life appeared in the art of China as a result of the influence of the Euro-pean artistic system. Meanwhile, motifs related to the depiction of elements of the subject environment can be traced in other genres of Chinese painting. In modern artistic practice, still life is considered mainly as an element of academic education, but its creative potential remains little realized. Therefore, the relevance of the research is determined by the needs of both theory and artistic practice.
 The purpose of the article is to determine the main approaches to the depiction of things, their typological complexes, their role and significance in Chinese classical art.
 The methodology. In the research we used general scientific and special research methods. In particular, methods of systematization, content analysis and typology were applied; methods of formal, stylistic, semantic, comparative analysis.
 The results. The article outlines the main approaches to studying the origins of still life as a genre in the Chinese artistic tradition. As a result of the analysis of samples of easel and decorative painting, the main models of the representation of things were revealed, their typology, role and means of representation in the visual and content structure of the works were determined. The semantic aspects of pictorial motifs and their connections with the development of handicrafts, Confucian education, tastes and values of the privileged top of society and the development of collecting, are highlighted.
 The scientific novelty. For the first time, in the work we touched upon the issue of the formation of still life as a genre and its origins in Chinese painting, highlighted the previous artistic experience of depicting objects of the material environment, defined the main thematic complexes, established their role and significance in classical works.
 The practical significance. The results of the research can be used in the development of educational courses in the history of art and provide the necessary material both for creative experiments and for the development of various projects in the field of visual arts.
 Conclusions. The results of the analysis of various materials of fine art allow us to claim that in Chinese classical art, other, different from European, options for the representation of the world of things were formed. Typologically, they are represented by three models: a “portrait” of a thing (a close-up of one object with a careful depicting of form and decoration), a thing as a component of a portrait, a catalogue of things (a decorative composition on the theme “4 treasures of a scientist”, “4 noble arts”, “100 antiquities”). In all models, the depicted objects act as personifications of material and spiritual values of society, a sign of Confucian virtues, and as benevolent symbols. The “100 antiquities” complex, which was formed by XVIII century, combined previous lists of valuable things and became a reflection of craft achievements, educational tradition and awareness of its value, and the development of collecting.

Mockumentary Genre as a Cinematic Phenomenon of the Postmodern Age

The purpose of the research is to analyze the forms of artistic embodiment of mockumentary as a cinematic phenomenon of the postmodern era. By the purpose, the following tasks are set: to analyze the relatively new genre of mockumentary for the field of cinematography; to study the prerequisites for the formation of the genre, to determine the formal genre characteristics and specific tools of mockumentary filmmakers; to analyze stylistic and functional evolution of mockumentary films during the second half of the twentieth – early twenty-first century; to establish the factors that ensured the growth of the genre’s popularity in the postmodern era. The research methodology consists in the application of the following theoretical methods: analysis of the mockumentary phenomenon to determine the basic characteristics of the genre; a method of comparison regarding the functions of feature and non-feature films; a method of generalizing the processes and trends common to all spheres of the postmodern period culture; a method of abstraction about artistic means, which are equally characteristic of both documentary cinema and the mockumentary film genre. A systemic principle, namely a structural-functional approach, was also used to examine individual elements of the mockumentary genre and their relationship as constituent parts within the genre. The scientific novelty is caused primarily by addressing the phenomenon of mockumentary precisely in the context of postmodernism and conducting a detailed analysis of characteristic genre features. Also, the research singles out the reasons for the emergence of a new genre and the growth of its popularity. Conclusions. The article analyzes the reasons for the emergence of the mockumentary genre and the growth of its popularity during the second half of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st century. By analyzing individual samples of the genre, its characteristic stylistic and technical features have been revealed, and subcategories of the genre and the tools of mockumentary filmmakers have been formulated. The role of the mockumentary genre in the development of contemporary cinema has been determined.

LITERATURE OF EMIGRATION. EXPERIENCE OF HISTORICAL PROSE IN THE FIELD OF FOREIGN CULTURE

Historical novel, as a special genre formation born of Romanticism, has become an artistic tool for the reproduction of the past, its discovery and invention. Historical prose is the literary space where two worldview narrative strategies intersect, overlap, and sometimes collide: these are history that (in its academic sense) seeks to recreate the ‘true past’, and literature, which is a particular representation and development of the world. Historical prose of Ukrainian emigration appears as a fairly integral literary and aesthetic phenomenon during two interwar decades of the 20th century and ends at the border of the 1990s — aft er Ukraine gained its independence. For nations that lost their statehood, the return of the past, its glorification is an important means of forming national identity and self-consciousness. The historical novel of the Ukrainian emigration is a relentless attempt to root its next generations in the national tradition of collective memory.
 In general, for societies in which the state tradition has been interrupted, historical prose can be an essential factor in restoring / maintaining national memory, as well as a means of creating national myths, projecting the past into modern problems of a stateless nation, and preserving national traditions. The historical prose of the Ukrainian emigration was actually focused on these aims, taking responsibility for the nationalist and philosophic perspective rooted in the past in order to preserve and increase it in the future. The aspiration and experience of Ukrainian emigration in other countries carries a number of tasks that it set for itself. Th ese were, in particular, the preservation of the native language, culture, and creative activity, including historical prose on the themes prohibited in the mainland literature, the formation of the strategy of collective memory through historical prose.

Genre experiments of bloggers in the Internet environment and socio-cultural support of the user

The article discusses the genre models of statements presented in the Internet environment as educational medium content on media platforms, video hosting, personal accounts of journalists-bloggers, analyzes the ways and means of accompanying the user in such an educational Internet discourse. The authors give a detailed comment on the current paradigm of genres of Internet communication, consider the genre-defining features that allow us to talk about typologies of genres of Internet resources and network blogs. In more detail, the authors dwell on the results of a discussion study on the description of Internet genres with an increased status of the subjective, personal principle. Particular attention in the description of personal genre experiences is paid to the methods of self-presentation and the choice of tools for virtual interaction with subscribers, the analysis of the means and techniques for organizing dialogue relations in Internet discourse in the genre form of an informative conversation, storytelling, ironic description or discussion discussion. Genre experiments are considered sequentially on the example of network book blogging and on the channel «Artifex Ru», a series of audio podcasts on the media platform «Arzamas» (Arzamas.academy) and TV program «Seminar» on the Russian channel «Culture». Each of the selected and presented materials offers relevant educational content and successfully promotes in the space of virtual discourse new and in demand by the target audience intellectual products in the field of cinema, theater or book production. The authors analyze the features of relations in Internet discourse and prove that such genre experiments serve the humanitarian tasks of cognitive socio-cultural and educational dialogue.

Поэтика романа инициации в современной литературе США

The aim of the research is to identify the genre features of the poetics of the initiation novel in the national literary tradition of the USA. The paper highlights the genre-forming features of the initiation novel: invariant elements of composition, chronotope, motif-thematic complexes, character systems; determines the role of the genre in the formation of the national identity of American literature. The research makes a theoretical contribution to the study of the genre: the term “initiation novel” is introduced, an intra-genre classification is proposed, which accounts for the scientific originality. Three genre forms are distinguished within the initiation novel: the novel of release, the novel of overcoming and the novel of discovery. Works of the American literature of the early XXI century the plot-forming basis of which are the themes of growing up, gender, existential, cultural self-identification of teenagers, problems of overcoming crises, post-traumatic syndrome serve as the research material. As a result, it has been proved that the genre under study has unique features that can be traced at all levels of the literary text.

The Rise of Tiba 題跋 as a Literary Genre in Song China

abstract: Why did tiba colophons, whose raison d'être depended on being attached to target subjects as addenda, effectively survive as independent texts compiled in literary collections? By tracing the rise of the tiba genre from the mid-eleventh century, I delineate how Northern Song literati explored tiba as a new discursive space to critically engage with material objects, capture group dynamics among connoisseurs, and offer evaluative assessments on the various topics of tiba . The stature of tiba transformed through the twelfth century, when they were compiled into literary collections as stand-alone texts, gradually acquiring sociocultural connotations and status comparable to those of established formal genres. I argue that this process of decontextualizing and recontextualizing proved essential to the rise of tiba during the Song and their popularity during the following centuries. 摘要: 題跋書寫原是高度依存於所跋對象的，那為何傳世題跋多以文集中所收獨立文本的形式流傳？本文通過追溯題跋這一文本空間從十一世紀中期到十二世紀末的演變，重構題跋在北宋流行的語境，並勾勒其文體生成的關鍵過程⸺題跋脫離所跋對象、與其他題跋共同入集。

Evolution of the Genre of the Piano Concerto

The paper outlines the features of emergence and development of the piano concerto on its way towards drama from a historical perspective, analyses specific features of its genre nature, and reveals the types of the concerto’s dramaturgy differing from one another in form and style of the interaction between the soloist and the orchestra. The paper demonstrates that the piano concerto followed the path of development of an individual performer principle, and afterward that of a dialogical balance between the orchestra and the piano part, which was determined by the degree of composers’ innovative achievements and the dominant aesthetic paradigm. In terms of highlighting the genre of the piano concerto and genre specificity of piano and orchestral music, the compositional-analytical approach proved to be productive. The analysis revealed that the movement towards drama in the historical perspective of the piano concerto was uneven with occasional drifts towards the so-called “style brilliant.” Depending on the type of drama, the correlation between the solo and the orchestra changed. In the 20th century, due to the radical transformation of the cultural paradigm, the genre of the concerto was restructured; composers abandoned traditional forms and tried to create an individual project form for each work. The study indicates the parameters of change in the genre, form, and style of the piano concerto under the influence of the newest paradigm of the time: repudiation of the traditional genre forms, creation of hybrid forms such as“anti-genre,” “hypergenre,” or a complete negation of the genre and creation of an individual genre project.

Representation Peculiarities of the Image of China in the Modern Lyrical Cycle of Travel

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to determine the functioning specificity of the lyrical travel cycle as a special genre form. The research aims to identify the milestones in the formation of the “Chinese text” in Russian literature, to study the originality of the travel cycle about China by O. Sedakova, A. Kushner and A. Ulanov, and to examine the representation features of the image of the Celestial Empire.Results. With all the diversity in modern Russian poetry of travel cycles, we have focused our attention on the most representative works of Russian poets who offer different strategies of comprehending “foreign” realities. The scientific novelty of the work is determined by the fact that the modern travel cycle is analyzed through the prism of the Silver Age traditions for the first time. The research methods included historical and functional analysis, typological analysis, and comprehensive analysis.Conclusion. We conclude that modern poets in the lyrical travel cycles devoted to the Celestial Empire create not a specific geographical space, but a spiritual “component” of the eastern country based on the poetic concept of N. Gumilyov in “Chinese Pavilion”, and convey the features of “alien” culture and worldview. While O. Sedakova’s “Chinese Journey” uses associative-metaphorical links and images to describe an imaginary journey, A. Kushner (“In China”) and A. Ulanov (“Solid China”) construct a real-life journey.

Sigmund Freud, 19 Berggasse, Vienna. André Breton, 42 Rue Fontaine, Paris

Sigmund Freud, 19 Berggasse, Vienna. André Breton, 42 Rue Fontaine, Paris

근대 신문자료를 통해 본 기생의 예술활동 연구

The purpose of this study is to reveal the identity and characteristics of modern parasitic art as a performing artist through the art activities of gisaengs shown in modern newspaper data. In modern times, with the abolition of the status system, the official dance of the court or local Gyobang was dismantled. At the same time, the public's interest and image of Gisaeng have been expanded and reproduced. Modern newspaper data left the most information and records about Gisaeng. In modern newspaper data, the artistic activities of gisaengs are classified into fairs, concerts, restaurants, modern theaters, and art education of gisaengs. The characteristic of the modern gisaeng's artistic activities is that the performance was moved from the space of ritual to the space of entertainment. At the same time, it contributed greatly to the formation of a new genre called 'dance'.

Камерно-вокальное творчество Йозефа Гайдна. Часть 1

The purpose of this research paper is devoted to the still little-studied problem of identifying the relations between the vocal and instrumental factors in Haydn’s music. The ideas of the domestic and foreign scholars about Haydn’s creative work are being expanded and enriched with new data. In the paper the historical meaning of Haydn’s creative work in the ХХI century is defined not only by his innovative sonata-symphonic forms and the formation of the major classical genres of symphony, concert for a solo instrument with orchestra, quartet and sonata but Haydn’s significant contribution to the development of instrumental trio, opera, the Austro-German Lied. This rationale of this phenomenon is the scientific novelty of the study. As a result, it is concluded that the renewed interest of modern researchers towards the little-studied pages of the composer’s art heritage shows the reconsideration of the role of these genres in the evolution of the world musical art as the undeservingly neglected works of the great composer according to their depth of expression and originality of composition means are not inferior and even compete with the composer’s well-recognized compositions.

Контаминация жанров в романе К. Исигуро «Когда мы были сиротами»

The use of different genres in a literary work at the same time is one of the leading principles of postmodern literature. The aim of the paper is to determine how this principle manifests itself in the novel “When We Were Orphans” by the modern British writer K. Ishiguro. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that it is the first to identify genre forms used in the novel, to understand their transformation and determine their functions. As a result, it has been proved that the novel is built on the contamination of the following genres: the work is a mystery novel, a love story, a family romance, an anti-colonial novel and a Bildungsroman. It has been shown that all the borrowed genres undergo more or less recoding, blurring traditional genre paradigms and leading to the formation of a hybrid genre form.

Les concepts dans les contes populaires : les manifestations des visions du monde incarnées

The semantics of linguistic units is not an object of study, but in some cases purely linguistic information is used to support the conclusions of semiotic, textual and intertextual analyses. The term “semantics” is not used in this work in a narrow sense (study of the meanings of linguistic units), but in a more global sense (study of the structure of the meaning of the work as a whole). Thus, the semiotic structure and the textual organization of literary tales, as well as the structure of the links of these works with other texts, are considered to be characteristics of their deep semantic structure. The tale has been studied from different angles. The formation and sources of the fairy tale genre have been studied (Propp 2000), E. Meletinsky (1977, 1995, 2000), folklorists have collected and classified the patterns and types of fairy tales (Aarne, Thompson 1964 ; Delarue, Hold 1957-1977). The historical and anthropological significance of fairy tales was first seriously studied by V. propp (2000) and K. Levi-Strauss (Levi-Strauss, 1973). This theme is developed in the works of N. Belmont (Belmont, 2002), J. Calame-Griaule (Calame-Griaule, 1984), M. Carrin (2002). Fairy tales also attracted the attention of psychologists who studied them from the point of view of psychoanalysis (B. Bettelheim 1960, M. Schneider 1980). The structural and semantic study of the fairy tale in the semiotic aspect was first undertaken by V. propp, laying the foundations of modern narratology (V. propp, 1998). In the 1970s, French philology tended to consider semiotics as a science of meanings: thus, the structural and semantic approach to the literary text involved the isolation of units of meaning at different levels and their analysis. Research in this area was conducted by both domestic (Meletinsky, Novik, Putilov, etc.) and foreign (Greymas, Kurtes, Coquet, Fontanius) scientists. Currently, the discursive study of the fairy tale, which takes into account both the structural (textual) aspect of the fairy tale and its connections with other texts and with the socio-discursive context, is also relevant. However, only a folk story has been so thoroughly studied, while the literary tale has been studied only from the point of view of literature (Kovtun 1999, Lipovetsky 1992, Bakhtin 1979). In recent years, some literary tales have been studied from the linguistic point of view of the text (Adam, Heidmann). The genre of the literary fairy tale, due to the vagueness of its borders, as well as a strong dependence on the individual style of the writer, has not been studied as thoroughly as the tale of folk fairies. Thus, the relevance of the work is determined by the need to study the French literary tale of the twentieth century as a genre, highlighting its inherent structural and semantic characteristics in relation to the folk (popular) tale. The study of specific tales by French writers as unique works is also important and promising.

Kitajskoe muzykal'noe iskusstvo v nachale XX v. (1900-e – 1930-e gg.)

The 20th century has become a turning point in terms of genres, styles, and musical language. Wars, the openness of borders, Chinese trips abroad of their homeland influenced the penetration of Western influences and new technologies into the country, from industry to the musical art of education. The article reveals the formation of new genres and formats - music and song school, piano music, instrumental music, romantic song, symphonic work. Each of the works that gave rise to these genres has its own prerequisites for creation and historical and cultural reality, which allows us to trace the interrelationships in the formation and development of Chinese music in the early 20th century.

Media Communications in Digital Day

The development of digital technologies has transformed not only the life of the ordinary person, but also journalism. As an industry that is perhaps the most responsive to social changes and reflects the style of a particular time, it has undergone significant transformations in genre forms, tools, technical means, and communication technologies. Modern media gravitate towards digitalization, multimedia, convergence, the development of new formats and types of content, conciseness and infotainment, changing approaches in interaction with the audience, when the media consumer becomes the central one. Therefore, the relevance of the study is due to several factors: 1) the approval of a new philosophy of modern media content in the digital age; 2) the need to explore new formats of digital communication, its specifics and development prospects; 3) the implementation into the media space of innovative samples of professional activity and the study of the experience of the media, which are leading in modern society. The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of modern media formats in the context of the development of the information space.

Development of the idea of patriotic education of students through school songs in China

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing need for patriotic education of young people in modern Chinese society. In this regard, vocal art, as well as the genre of school songs, in particular, have a powerful pedagogical potential. Purpose: identification of the features of the development of the idea of patriotic education of students through school songs in China (1920s to the present century). Materials and methods: the theoretical basis of the study was the works of outstanding Chinese composers and teachers of the 20th century on the role of music and song in the patriotic education of young people. The research methods included the retrospective analysis of the issues of patriotic education in China; the theoretical and comparative analysis of the approaches of Chinese scientists to the implementation of the process of patriotic education in music lessons at school. Results: The periodization of the formation of the school song genre, which laid the foundation for the idea of educating patriots through songs during school music lessons in China, is presented. The results of comparative analysis of the works of Chinese researchers have shown that the idea of patriotic education has evolved within this genre throughout the twentieth century, reflecting the main events in the history of Chinese society. The features of the school song of the first half of the twentieth century related to military themes aimed at educating defenders of the Motherland are highlighted. The characteristic of the stages of updating the themes of school songs after the formation of the PRC is given. Since 1949, school songs have been dominated by pictures of peaceful life, praising the beauty of native nature, family values, labor feat, without losing their patriotic character. Conclusion. The idea of patriotic education through school songs in China has evolutionary nature. Despite the difference in themes, all songs of this genre have patriotic orientation and contribute to the education of citizens who are sincerely devoted to their native country.

Genre and gender at work: the antithesis of man from pictorial analysis in Portuguese advertisements

AbstractThis study presents a pictorial analysis of Portuguese advertisements from a visual semiotic perspective, particularly the symbolic attributive and suggestive processes. Aiming to elucidate the relationship between genre and gender, the study explored advertising genre, masculinity in advertisements, and the antithesis of man as primary theoretical concerns. The data consisted of five pictures from Portuguese advertisements. The analysis suggests that advertisements are a textual arena where not only genre but also gender is constructed and modified in collaboration. The image of the antithesis of man coexisting with the one of normative masculinity in the five Portuguese advertisements indicates that genre and gender are mutually and simultaneously fluid, with their boundary often blurred. That advertisements are often prone to changes in their function to attract customers implies new and evolving presentation forms of genre and gender. The combination of new and conventional images of masculinity, as shown in the analysis, impacts social and linguistic practices, particularly the fact that traditional norms of defining genre and gender, despite their resemblant quality, might be occasionally challenged or reconstructed in late-modern culture.