Library Functions Research Articles

New method for video stream brightness stabilization: algorithms and performance evaluation

Subject of study. In this paper, for the first time, an original method for estimating the change in the brightness of video data under the influence of changes in the lighting conditions of the scene and external noise is proposed. Algorithms for stabilizing the brightness of video data are also proposed. An objective assessment of the quality of video data pre-processed is given. The purpose of the research is to create a methodology for analyzing the variability of video data parameters under the influence of negative factors and to develop effective algorithms for stabilizing the parameters of the received video stream. The reliability of the method is tested using real video recordings pictured through various conditions. Objectives: To determine the most universal, resistant to external influences, and informative indicator necessary for an objective assessment of the quality of video data under various shooting conditions and scene lighting features; develop and programmatically implement algorithms for stabilizing video parameters based on modern programming tools. Research methods. Statistical analysis and pre-processing of video stream parameters as a random spatio-temporal process, algorithms for processing video data by digital filtering, and adaptive stabilization of video stream parameters. Research results. It has been proposed and experimentally proven that the optimal indicator of video stream quality is the average frame brightness (AFB). An algorithm for spatiotemporal processing of video data is proposed that generates a sequence of AFB values from the original video stream. The paper also proposes digital algorithms for filtering and stabilizing the brightness of a video stream and investigates the effectiveness of their application. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in a new method for analyzing and evaluating the parameters of video surveillance data and algorithms for filtering and stabilizing the brightness of the video stream. The performance of the proposed algorithms has been tested on real data. The algorithms are implemented in the Python software environment using the functions of the OpenCV library.

Посредничество в функциональной структуре библиотек

The promotion and popularization of scientific knowledge among all members of society is one of the most important tasks of all scientific and cultural institutions. The related library also solves this problem. But does its functional structure change at the same time? The author examines the essence of communicative and intermediary functions. The purpose of the article is to find an answer to the question: what function does the library perform in order to promote the interaction of science and society. The author shows the differences between the communicative and intermediary functions of libraries of different types in the formation of a scientific worldview. The author comes to the conclusion that, due to the humanitarian education of their employees, municipal, city and regional libraries are able and obliged to perform a communicative function for solving leisure tasks, and intermediation – through a system of mass events – for the development of a scientific worldview. University libraries, depending on their direction, can perform both a communicative and intermediary function (this is especially true for libraries of technical and natural science universities). The author believes that theoretically it is possible to explain the intermediary function only on the basis of studying the more general ability of the library to "communicate". This function is the original universal. And in this universality intermediation tasks come to the fore in the library in the interaction of science and society. In order to implement the communicative and intermediary functions, librarians need to possess certain knowledge, not formal, but substantive: the communicative function requires not only "purely" library and bibliographic knowledge of service, but also knowledge ranging from the history of science to understanding its modern problems and tasks. It may seem that the knowledge that cultural universities currently provide is enough to implement the intermediary function. But advanced training courses are needed tо introduce new popular science literature on any scientific field, new names, new scientific achievements. This is necessary not just in order to hold mass events known from university library education, but to invite certain scientists and specialists.

Studying performance portability of LAMMPS across diverse GPU‐based platforms

SummaryThe molecular dynamics simulation software, LAMMPS, utilizes the Kokkos acceleration library to port computation to a diverse set of architectures including those based on GPU accelerators. In addition to Kokkos, LAMMPS contains a vast code base that leverages the CUDA application programming interface using library functions such as cuFFT, CUDA's fast‐fourier transform (FFT) library, and, more recently, also support for AMD's Heterogeneous Interface for Portability (HIP) that is rapidly growing. While preparing LAMMPS tests for the AMD GPU‐based test system precursors to Frontier, we investigated several strategies for accelerating LAMMPS on AMD GPUs, using the AMD Instinct MI100 and MI250X. In this work, we integrated the HIP FFT library, hipFFT, into the particle‐particle particle‐mesh (PPPM) long‐range solver, which allowed the porting of PPPM calculations to the GPUs. Kokkos behavior on the MI100 and MI250X was also investigated through the package kokkos command of LAMMPS, targeting communication, memory usage, and particle grid decomposition. The Tersoff, Reax, Lennard‐Jones (LJ), EAM, Granular, and PPPM potentials were investigated in this effort, and results from these experiments are provided. The selected potentials were run on Spock (AMD Instinct MI100), Crusher (AMD Instinct MI250X), AFW HPC11 (NVIDIA A100) and Summit (NVIDIA V100), for comparison. Operational roofline models were constructed and analyzed for the Tersoff, Reax, and Lennard–Jones potentials on Crusher and Summit.

High-Efficiency Transformation and Expression of Genomic Libraries in Yeast.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful system for the expression of genome-wide or combinatorial libraries for diverse types of screening. However, expressing large libraries in yeast requires high-efficiency transformation and controlled expression. Transformation of yeast using electroporation methods is more efficient than chemical methods; however, protocols described for electroporation require large amounts of linearized plasmid DNA and often yield approximately 106 cfu/µg of plasmid DNA. We optimized the electroporation of yeast cells for the expression of whole-genome libraries to yield up to 108 cfu/µg plasmid DNA. The protocol generates sufficient transformants for 10-100× coverage of diverse genome libraries with small amounts of genomic libraries (0.1 µg of DNA per reaction) and provides guidance on calculations to estimate library size coverage and transformation efficiency. It describes the preparation of electrocompetent yeast cells with lithium acetate and dithiothreitol conditioning step and the transformation of cells by electroporation with carrier DNA. We validated the protocol using three yeast surface display libraries and demonstrated using nanopore sequencing that libraries' size and diversity are preserved. Moreover, expression analysis confirmed library functionality and the method's efficacy. Hence, this protocol yields a sufficient representation of the genome of interest for downstream screening purposes while limiting the amount of the genomic library required.

Approximating Inverse Cumulative Distribution Functions to Produce Approximate Random Variables

For random variables produced through the inverse transform method, approximate random variables are introduced, which are produced using approximations to a distribution’s inverse cumulative distribution function. These approximations are designed to be computationally inexpensive and much cheaper than library functions, which are exact to within machine precision and, thus, highly suitable for use in Monte Carlo simulations. The approximation errors they introduce can then be eliminated through use of the multilevel Monte Carlo method. Two approximations are presented for the Gaussian distribution: a piecewise constant on equally spaced intervals and a piecewise linear using geometrically decaying intervals. The errors of the approximations are bounded and the convergence demonstrated, and the computational savings are measured for C and C++ implementations. Implementations tailored for Intel and Arm hardware are inspected alongside hardware agnostic implementations built using OpenMP. The savings are incorporated into a nested multilevel Monte Carlo framework with the Euler-Maruyama scheme to exploit the speedups without losing accuracy, offering speed ups by a factor of 5–7. These ideas are empirically extended to the Milstein scheme and the non-central χ 2 distribution for the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross process, offering speedups of a factor of 250 or more.

Information Services in Bisha University Libraries as Emerging University: A Case Study

Possibly the most prominent function of libraries is to make information resources available to users in the easiest ways possible, enabling easy access. Libraries aim to collect various sources of information, organize them, and make them accessible to users. This study attempted to identify the reality of the benefits for users from library services, assess the adequacy and efficiency of services provided, and understand users' perceptions about these services. The researcher employed an analytical descriptive method using a case study approach to determine the actual reality of information services provided by the central library of Bisha University (an emerging university) and its sub-libraries, to ascertain whether they meet users' needs. Out of approximately 500 distributed questionnaires, 196 were collected, with 21 excluded due to invalidity for analysis. One of the significant findings was the pressing need to relocate to a new library building at the university's main campus, as the current building was inadequate. Additionally, the study highlighted issues such as a lack of qualified human resources, insufficient information sources, and limited technical capabilities.

Smart Stick for Visually Impaired Persons

Millions of people worldwide have visual impairments, and integrating them into society is a crucial ongoing goal. To support their quality of life, various guidance systems have been developed, often for specific purposes. However, these solutions can significantly enhance the mobility and safety of visually impaired individuals. To address this, a vision-based platform using Python and OpenCV library functionalities has been developed to recognize real-world objects indoors and outdoors. YOLO is a novel approach to object detection that has been used in the software. The image is transformed into a scan image for further interpretation of its contents. Efforts continue to support visually impaired individuals and enable their full participation in society. The detected image is scanned and fed into Tesseract OCR for conversion to text. Additionally, By using OCR and NLP (Natural Language Processing), blind persons can read newspapers.

Artificial Intelligence in Acoustics of Library Functioning in Ukraine

The purpose of the study is to outline achievements, prospects for transformation and identify obstacles to the implementation of systems, elements of artificial intelligence (AI) and the algorithm for overcoming them in national library and information institutions. Research methodology: the principles of systematicity, generalisation, objectivity, and general methods of scientific research – analysis, synthesis, comparison, analytical monitoring of AI elements in libraries of the country – are applied. The scientific novelty of the work is to highlight, with an emphasis on key aspects, the obstacles to the addition of AI intellectual resources to the work of libraries in the realities of today. Conclusions. The article reflects the developments, main areas of use and reasons for limiting the intensive integration of AI systems and elements into library practice. Features of the application of AI components, practical potential of ultra-high-frequency technologies in national libraries. The above-mentioned practice in libraries is especially relevant during martial law and the times of profound changes. It will facilitate public access to information and self-education; access to advanced technological developments; allow further steps in the formation of a new digitalisation focus of libraries and modification of library activities; thoroughly form an approach to the vectors of the industry's influence on society; innovations in the model of library-user relations, taking into account civilisation challenges. The studied trends in the addition of intelligent systems and elements of artificial intelligence will contribute to the voluntarisation of technological proposals in library and information institutions. As a result of the study, the issue of compatibility of adding intellectual components to the work of the library industry with the realities of the country and the corresponding algorithm of actions for the long-term is considered. Key words: library, systems and elements of artificial intelligence, innovative technologies, transformation of intellectual resources, challenges of AI implementation in library practice.

ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL LIBRARY SERVICE QUALITY ON USER SATISFACTION USING WEBQUAL, LIBQUAL AND IPA METHODS

Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai has used the information system Senayan Library Management System (SLiMS) version 7. SliMS is an integrated system to provide information to support operational, management and decision-making functions in libraries. However, there are still obstacles in its use, namely, the lack of tools and technology to support the implementation of the SLiMS system, the unattractive SliMS content, the OPAC service menu is less effective in searching for references in the library, and the book collection is rarely updated so it does not meet what the user needs. This study aims to measure the service quality of SLiMS from the user's perspective. This research instrument used Web Quality (WebQual), Library Quality (LibQual), and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) methods. The results of this study resulted in a good level of system service quality but GAP was still found from perceived performance which still had a value of <0 or -0.63 and a conformity level of 78%, which meant that there were still results of user dissatisfaction with the performance provided by the service. SLiMS Hero University of Tuanku Tambusai. Quadrant A results are a top priority to be improved. the variables are: Easy to navigate (UQ3), Attractive appearance (UQ5), Latest available information (SI1), Provides detailed information (SI4), Provides up to date information (IC3), Cleanliness and beauty (LP2), Lighting and temperature settings (LP3), Guidance from the librarian (AS5).

A massively parallel implicit 3D unstructured grid solver for computing turbulent flows on latest distributed memory computational architectures

An implicit unstructured grid density-based solver–PRAVAHA based on a parallel variant of the lower upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel (LUSGS) method is developed to compute large-scale engineering problems. A four-layered parallel algorithm is designed to efficiently compute three-dimensional turbulent flows on massively parallel modern multiple instruction multiple data-stream (MIMD) computational hardware. This data parallel approach achieves multiple layers of parallelism including continuity of flow solution, transfer of solution gradients, and calculation of drag/lift/solution residuals, right up to the innermost implicit LUSGS solver sub-routine, which is relatively less explored in the literature. Domain decomposition is performed using the METIS software based on multi-level graph partitioning algorithms. Non-blocking message-passing interface library functions are used to manage inter-processor communication through explicit message passing, efficiently. Super-linear scalability of the parallel solver is established on the current state-of-the-art supercomputing facility, the 838 teraflops PARAM seva on up to 6144 cores. Linear or even super-linear speedup on problems of significant size is observed even on ad-hoc parallel computing platforms like workstations and multi-node clusters, for turbulent flow simulations.

PEMBUATAN REPOSITORI SKRIPSI MAHASISWA JURUSAN BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN FAKULTAS PERIKANAN DAN ILMU KELAUTAN UNIVERSITAS PATTIMURA

The Aquaculture Department Library is an information service unit for library materials for students and lecturers who are required to provide information services that are fast, precise, relevant, useful for users. To further optimize the benefits of these sources of information, it is necessary to develop a library function in the form of a digital-based student thesis data storage facility. The purpose of this activity is to create a student thesis repository as an effort to facilitate student access to theses to obtain secondary scientific information in the Aquaculture Study Program at Pattimura University. The activity of creating a student thesis repository will be carried out in October – November 2022. The activities carried out include coordinating and extracting thesis data files to be uploaded, inputting data and files to Google Drive and the website, making posters and socializing the finished repository to students and lecturers majoring in Aquaculture and evaluating the effectiveness of student thesis repository. It can be concluded that the existence of a thesis repository for students of the Aquaculture Study Program can provide convenience to students and lecturers in finding information related to references, topics and research developments, especially in the field of Aquaculture.

Practical implementation of computationally-efficient machine learning-based control performance assessment system for a class of closed loop systems

This paper presents the concept of the computationally-efficient reduced order control performance assessment (RO-CPA) system for automatic detection of industrial single closed loop control systems whose performance could be not acceptable due to a poor tuning of the controller. The proposed machine learning (ML) based classification system is derived for a broad class of industrial control closed loops based on the proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller. Apart from a high accuracy of the classification of the closed loop performance, the proposed RO-CPA system is derived to meet the requirements of low computational complexity and low memory usage. These requirements allow for practical implementation of RO-CPA in devices with low computational and memory resources, such as industrial programmable logic controllers (PLC) operating in manufacturing systems or embedded autonomous systems with dedicated PID-based control loops. This paper shows the rigorous ML-based design of the proposed RO-CPA system and the results of the validation of its classification accuracy. Additionally, an example of a practical implementation within a PLC in the form of a general purpose library function block is presented and the final experimental validation is made using a part of laboratory heat exchange and distribution setup.

Libraries in the State Cultural Policy of the Russian Federation

The article analyzes changes in state cultural policy over the last three decades and the role of libraries in its implementation. The basic constitutional norms that enshrine the powers of state authorities at different levels in the sphere of culture have been identified. Libraries are seen as both an object of cultural policy and a subject that plays a significant role in its implementation. Two main stages of the state cultural policy are distinguished: 1) from 1992 (adoption of the “Fundamentals of Legislation of the Russian Federation on Culture”) to 2014; 2) from 2014 (Presidential Decree “On Approval of the Fundamentals of State Cultural Policy”) to the present. The relationship between legislation in the sphere of culture and legislation in the sphere of librarianship is presented. The refusal of value-oriented functions of libraries and understanding of the library as a service provider is highlighted as a characteristic feature of libraries in the time of the first stage. The limitations of this approach are demonstrated. An analysis has been made of the tasks of libraries in an environment where culture is defined as one of the national development priorities, contributing to consolidation and cultural continuity. It shows how the Strategy for Development of Librarianship in the Russian Federation until 2030 relates to the tasks of cultural policy. The relevance of librariesʼ educational work in the formation of a fully developed and socially responsible personality is emphasized. It justifies the need to develop a state programme for acquiring literature for public libraries, which will help consolidate the peoples of the Russian Federation on the basis of a unified system of values and continuity of cultural development. This direction is historically characteristic for the development of public libraries in Russia. Russia’s national libraries bear special responsibility for the development and implementation of the state cultural policy.

Implementasi Manajemen Layanan Perpustakaan Umum pada Dinas Perpustakaan dan Arsip Kabupaten Tabanan

This study aims to analyze the implementation of public library service management at the Tabanan Regency Library and Archives Service. This research is qualitative research. The results showed that the implementation of library service management at the Tabanan Regency Library and Archives Service had been implemented but was not optimal because there were still problems in its implementation. Planning (planning) at the Tabanan Regency Library and Archives Service has been carried out properly through the implementation of technical guidance for employees. Organizing, the availability of facilities and infrastructure resources at the Tabanan Regency Library and Archives Service still does not meet the needs of all levels of society in general. The actuating has been carried out but is not optimal due to inadequate human resources, limited funds owned by the Tabanan Regency Library and Archives Service in implementing the program, the lack of a collection of reading books owned by the Tabanan Regency Library and Archives Service. Supervision (controlling) shows that supervision has been carried out through regular meetings, tiered supervision, supervision of employee discipline but has not been optimal because the government's attention is still low on the development of public library functions.

Digital Media Space in Modern Higher Education Libraries: Transformation of Roles and Functions

The purpose of the article is to investigate the transformation of the role and functions of modern university libraries, to study the impact of digital media integration on the traditional role of libraries in higher education establishments (HEEs), and to offer a comprehensive understanding of the new requirements that are put forward to them. Research methods. In the course of the study, general scientific research methods were used to reveal the current state of libraries at higher education establishments and the factors shaping their transformation, in particular, source research (for a thorough review of the literature, case studies of various university libraries), analytical (to analyze new trends in digital media), systematization and generalization (to summarize). The scientific novelty lies in identifying key trends, challenges and opportunities arising from digitization, as well as analyzing best practices for adapting to these changes. Recommendations and guidelines are offered for libraries seeking to overcome the challenges of the digital transition associated with updating library infrastructure to support user needs. The principles of successfully addressing issues related to information literacy and copyright, as well as managing budgetary constraints and navigation in a complex and changing ecosystem of digital resource providers are formulated. New opportunities that arise with the digital integration of HEEs and can contribute to the sustainable, adaptive and innovative network of university libraries’ development that can meet the demands of users in the digital age are emphasized. Conclusions. The study demonstrates that the digital media space significantly affects the role and functions of university libraries. These institutions should take advantage of the opportunities offered by digital technologies and adapt their services, facilities, and policies accordingly. This transformation not only brings new challenges but also improves the library’s ability to serve users’ information and educational needs, contributing to the success of students and researchers in the digital age.

Designing Future-Ready School Libraries: Empowering Stakeholders for Evidence-Based Change

ABSTRACT To adapt to evolving reading and learning needs of students in a constantly changing world, librarians, school leaders and teachers need to engage in ongoing evaluation and rethinking of their school library functions to determine if and how they meet the needs of their student users. Drawing on a large-scale study of sustained school library transformation in the Singapore secondary school context, this article explains how a design-centric approach focusing on the needs of the student as user provided a way for educators as change-makers to understand student needs within their school profile and context, evaluate success and gather insights for implementing changes at school or system level. The article focuses on three key strategies: (1) reviewing existing literature to develop a conceptual map of library functions, (2) conducting baseline studies to understand trends and student needs, and (3) involving students as users in participatory research. It concludes with a reflection on the process of change and suggestions for moving forward.

Measurement of spectrum-averaged cross sections of the (n,p) and (n,n′) reactions on strontium by fast neutrons of a TRIGA reactor: comparison with integrated data from excitation functions of various data libraries

Abstract Integral cross sections of the reactions 84Sr(n,p)84Rb, 86Sr(n,p)86Rb and 87Sr(n,n′)87mSr, over the fast neutron spectrum of a TRIGA reactor above 0.5 MeV, were measured for the first time. The results were used for integral tests of the evaluated excitation functions in the data libraries, ENDF/B-VIII.0, ROSFOND-2010, JEFF-3.3, JENDL-5 and TENDL-2021. The integral measurements are generally consistent with the integrated values within 12 %, except for a few cases. The two data libraries ENDF/B-VIII.0 and ROSFOND-2010 appear to need some improvement with regard to the reactions investigated in this work.

KONSEP PENATAAN TATA RUANG PERPUSTAKAAN YANG BERBASIS REKREASI DI SMA N 1 SUNGAI TARAB

This research is entitled "The Concept of Library Spatial Planning Based on User Recreation at SMA N 1 Sungai Tarab". The library is an educational service unit under the auspices of the Department of Education. The library is a driving force for achieving the goals of National Education, Institutional Education, and learning objectives. Each education unit has a school library, especially schools with a accreditation. One of the functions of the library is recreation. Based on Article 3 of Law no. 43 of 2007, which means that the library functions as a means of education, research, conservation, information and entertainment. The operation of this library can be further developed in such a way that this hobby becomes one of the things that can increase the attractiveness and demand for proposals for library user services. Data is collected through interview, observation and documentation methods

Investigating Black-Box Function Recognition Using Hardware Performance Counters

This paper presents new methods and results for recognising black-box program functions using hardware performance counters (HPC), where an investigator can invoke and measure function calls. Important use cases include analysing compiled libraries, e.g. static and dynamic link libraries, and trusted execution environment (TEE) applications. We develop a generic approach to classify a comprehensive set of hardware events, e.g. branch mis-predictions and instruction retirements, to recognise standard benchmarking and cryptographic library functions. This includes various signing, verification and hash functions, and ciphers in numerous modes of operation. Three architectures are evaluated using off-the-shelf Intel/X86-64, ARM, and RISC-V CPUs. Next, we show that several known CVE-numbered OpenSSL vulnerabilities can be detected using HPC differences between patched and unpatched library versions. Further, we demonstrate that standardised cryptographic functions within ARM TrustZone TEE applications can be recognised using non-secure world HPC measurements, applying to platforms that insecurely perturb the performance monitoring unit (PMU) during TEE execution. High accuracy was achieved in all cases (86.22–99.83%) depending on the application, architectural, and compilation assumptions. Lastly, we discuss mitigations, outstanding challenges, and directions for future research.

The Effectiveness of Training Candidates for Heads of School Libraries by Public Library

Background of the study: In addition to helping school administrators maximize the function and role of the school library as a medium of learning for teachers and students, the head of the school library is also a school teacher who has received education and training in the field of libraries. Purpose: Measuring the Effectiveness of the Implementation of Training for Candidates for Heads of School Libraries in Bengkulu Province Method: The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The data technique used is Interactive Analysis (Interactive Model of Analysis), namely by describing and describing information from each component part that is assessed. Findings: The results of the study show that the implementation of the training for prospective school library principals has been effective. It is shown in the results that the training participants for prospective school librarian can improve the skills of library managers in managing school libraries, improve library management standards, and apply library automation technology that can be said to be effective. Conclusion: The implementation of the Library Head Training and Education in this study has been quite effective in producing more qualified and competent school librarian candidates who can be appointed as school librarian heads. However, this research still has some limitations due to inadequate facilities and infrastructure. Thus, there is an obstacle in the implementation of the training for prospective school library principals. Therefore, of course, this research still has a research gap that can still be filled for further research.